CN114106761A - 一种密封胶组合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种密封胶组合物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J167/00—Adhesives based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J167/08—Polyesters modified with higher fatty oils or their acids, or with natural resins or resin acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09J125/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J125/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic monomers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen
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- C09J129/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Adhesives based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J129/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
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- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C09J167/00—Adhesives based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
- H01G9/025—Solid electrolytes
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种密封胶组合物及其制备方法与应用，属于密封胶技术领域。本发明的一种密封胶组合物包括以下重量份组分：主体树脂1～20份，溶剂80～95份，增稠剂0.01～1份，流平剂0.01～1份，润湿剂0.01～1份和憎水剂0.01～1份。本发明通过对密封胶组合物的组分的种类及含量进行筛选，使最终制备的密封胶组合物具有良好的能隔绝水汽的效果，将其应用于固态电容器密封胶的制备中，可以使最终制备的密封胶在高湿度的环境下，也能阻止水分进入对固态电容器的破坏。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种密封胶组合物及其制备方法与应用，属于密封胶技术领域。
背景技术
电解电容器通常由多孔金属电极、位于所述金属表面上的用作电介质的氧化物层、引入所述多孔结构中的导电材料等组成。常用的电解质电容器包括钽电解电容器、铌电解电容器、铝电解电容器等，其阳极通过阳极氧化形成有均匀的氧化物介电层。液体或固体电解质形成所述电容器的阴极。此外，通常还使用其阳极电极由其上通过阳极氧化而形成有作为电介质的均匀且电绝缘氧化铝层的阀金属铝制成的铝电容器。此时，液体电解质或固体电解质也形成所述电容器的阴极。所述铝电容器通常构造为卷绕式电容器或堆叠型电容器。
共轭聚合物由于其高电导率，也称为导电聚合物或合成金属，特别适于作为上述电容器中的固体电解质。共轭聚合物具有优异的加工性能、重量轻，且可以通过化学改性改善聚合物性能的优点，其用途日益广泛。共轭聚合物包括，例如聚吡咯、聚噻吩、聚苯胺、聚乙炔、聚亚苯基和聚(对亚苯基-亚乙烯基)，其中聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)(PEDOT)由于其在导电率高、稳定性好，已经广泛应用于电子电器、涂料、柔性屏、导电材料、防静电材料、电磁屏蔽材料、涂料等工业、电子领域。PEDOT分散液是一种高分子聚合物分散液，导电率高、稳定性好。根据不同的需求，可以设计并得到导不同结构、不同电导率。PEDOT分散液一般是指PEDOT/PSS分散液、磺酸衍生物掺杂的PEDOT分散液，该产品是由PEDOT和PSS(或者磺酸衍生物)两种物质构成。PEDOT是EDOT(3，4-乙烯二氧噻吩单体)的聚合物，PSS是聚苯乙烯磺酸盐。PSS或者磺酸衍生物的加入极大的提高了PEDOT的溶解性和电导率。PEDOT分散液主要应用于固态电容器、防静电涂层、有机发光二极管OLED，有机太阳能电池，有机薄膜晶体管，超级电容器等的空穴传输层。根据不同的应用领域可以开发设计不同结构、不同性能、不同导电率的PEDOT分散液。PEDOT在固态电容器的应用包括：使用原位聚合法制备固态电容器；用PEDOT/PSS分散液含浸至氧化物层上，然后通过蒸发移除分散剂，形成PEDOT/PSS膜制备固态电容器。
PEDOT聚合物具有很强的吸湿特性，容易吸取空气中大量的水分，从而破坏其在电容器中的应用。特别是在高湿度环境下，电容器在封口后仍然会有水汽进入电容器内部破坏PEDOT膜，影响固态电容器的特性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处而提供一种密封胶组合物及其制备方法与应用。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：一种密封胶组合物，包括以下重量份组分：主体树脂1～20份，溶剂80～95份，增稠剂0.01～1份，流平剂0.01～1份，润湿剂0.01～1份和憎水剂0.01～1份。
本申请发明人经过大量的实验筛选发现，采用水溶性树脂或者醇溶性树脂作为主体树脂，选用水或者有机溶剂作为溶剂制备密封胶组合物，并对增稠剂、流平剂、润湿剂、和憎水剂各组分的含量进行筛选，最终制备的密封胶组合物具有很强隔绝水分作用，即使在高湿度的环境下，也能阻止水分进入对固态电容器的破坏。
作为本发明所述密封胶组合物的优选实施方式，所述主体树脂为水溶性树脂或醇溶性树脂。
作为本发明所述密封胶组合物的优选实施方式，所述水溶性树脂为水性丙烯酸树脂、水性聚氨酯、水性聚酯、水性有机硅树脂、水性环氧树脂、水性醇酸树脂、聚乙烯醇、聚苯乙烯磺酸、聚乙二醇、聚N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和纤维素中的至少一种；所述醇溶性树脂为醇溶性聚酯树脂、醇溶性醇酸树脂、热塑性酚醛树脂、脲醛树脂、聚乙烯醇和松香中的至少一种。
作为本发明所述密封胶组合物的优选实施方式，所述溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、乙二醇、聚乙二醇、单醚、单酯、多元醇、多元酯、乙二醇丁醚、乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇乙醚、乙二醇丙醚、乙二醇苯醚、聚乙二醇缩水甘油醚、聚乙醇甲醚和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油醚中的至少一种。
作为本发明所述密封胶组合物的优选实施方式，所述增稠剂为甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、水溶性的聚丙烯酸盐、聚丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸、聚氨酯、膨润土、凹凸棒土、硅酸铝、淀粉、明胶、海藻酸钠、干酪素、瓜尔胶、甲壳胺、阿拉伯树胶、黄原胶、大豆蛋白胶、天然橡胶、羊毛脂、琼脂、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚氧化乙烯、卡波树脂和聚乙烯蜡中的至少一种。
作为本发明所述密封胶组合物的优选实施方式，所述流平剂为有机硅流平剂、十二烷基硫酸钠、烷基磺酸钠、脂肪酸、脂肪酸酯硫酸盐、聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚和聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚中的至少一种；所述润湿剂为聚醚硅氧烷、异佛尔酮、二丙酮醇和重芳烃中的至少一种；所述憎水剂为硅油、石蜡、石蜡乳液、甲基硅酸盐和有机硅憎水剂中的至少一种。
本发明还提供上述密封胶组合物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将主体树脂和溶剂混合均匀，搅拌至完全溶解；
(2)再将增稠剂、流平剂、润湿剂、和憎水剂加入到步骤(1)的混合液中，搅拌均匀，得所述密封胶组合物。
本发明还提供一种密封胶，所述密封胶由上述的密封胶组合物制备而成。
本发明还提供上述密封胶在制备固态电容器中的应用。
作为本发明所述应用的优选实施方式，所述密封胶在使用时，将固态电容器含浸完毕烘干后再含浸所述密封胶，于75～150℃干燥固化30min。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：本发明提供了一种密封胶组合物及其制备方法与应用，本发明通过对密封胶组合物的组分的种类及含量进行筛选，使最终制备的密封胶组合物具有良好的能隔绝水汽的效果，将其应用于固态电容器密封胶的制备中，可以使最终制备的密封胶在高湿度的环境下，也能阻止水分进入对固态电容器的破坏。
具体实施方式
为更好地说明本发明的目的、技术方案和优点，下面将结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1～10
实施例1～10的密封胶组合物的组成组分如表1所。
实施例1～10的密封胶组合物的制备方法为：
(1)按表1比例称取主体树脂和溶剂，将主体树脂和溶剂混合均匀，搅拌至完全溶解；
(2)再表1比例称取增稠剂、流平剂、润湿剂、和憎水剂加入到步骤(1)的混合液中，搅拌均匀，得所述密封胶组合物。
实施例1～10的密封胶分别由实施例1～10的密封胶组合物制备而成。
表1
对比例1～5
对比例1～5的密封胶组合物的组成组分如表2所示。
对比例1～5的密封胶组合物的制备方法与实施例1～10相同。
对比例1～5的密封胶分别由对比例1～5的密封胶组合物制备而成。
表2
效果例
本效果例对实施例1～10、对比例1～5制备的密封胶的密封性能进行测定。
实验方法：选用已经含浸烘烤完毕固态电容器芯包，测试其容量C、DF、ESR初始性能，分别标记为C0，DF0，ESR0。分别将固态电容器芯包真空含浸实施例1～10、对比例1～5密封胶，密封胶高度为浸没芯包的1/2～2/3，真空度为-0.075～-0.090MPa，含浸时间为20～40分钟。含浸完毕后，放入烘箱进行烘烤实验烘烤温度设置为80～150℃，烘烤时间设置为20～60分钟。将上述含浸烘烤好的芯包用数字电桥测试其初始性能，标记为C1，DF1，ESR1。对比含浸前后初始性能变化：ΔC1＝(C1-C0)/C0*100％；ΔDF1＝(DF1-DF0)/DF0*100％；ΔESR1＝(ESR1-ESR0)/ESR0*100％。其容量变化为容衰ΔC1，损耗变化为ΔDF1，阻抗变化为ΔESR1。将上述芯包直接置于温度为85℃，湿度为85％的环境下，用额定电压分别通电老化500小时。500小时后，测试其初始性能，容量C、DF、ESR，标记为C2，DF2，ESR2。对比试验前后性能变化。其变化，即为ΔC2，ΔDF2，ΔESR2。ΔC2＝(C2-C1)/C1*100％；ΔDF2＝(DF2-DF1)/DF1*100％；ΔESR2＝(ESR2-ESR1)/ESR1*100％。
实验结果如表3和表4所示。
表3
表4
最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种密封胶组合物，其特征在于，包括以下重量份组分：主体树脂1～20份，溶剂80～95份，增稠剂0.01～1份，流平剂0.01～1份，润湿剂0.01～1份和憎水剂0.01～1份。
2.如权利要求1所述的密封胶组合物，其特征在于，所述主体树脂为水溶性树脂或醇溶性树脂。
3.如权利要求2所述的密封胶组合物，其特征在于，所述水溶性树脂为水性丙烯酸树脂、水性聚氨酯、水性聚酯、水性有机硅树脂、水性环氧树脂、水性醇酸树脂、聚乙烯醇、聚苯乙烯磺酸、聚乙二醇和聚N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮纤维素中的至少一种；所述醇溶性树脂为醇溶性聚酯树脂、醇溶性醇酸树脂、热塑性酚醛树脂、脲醛树脂、聚乙烯醇和松香中的至少一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的密封胶组合物，其特征在于，所述溶剂为水、甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、乙二醇、聚乙二醇、单醚、单酯、多元醇、多元酯、乙二醇丁醚、乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇乙醚、乙二醇丙醚、乙二醇苯醚、聚乙二醇缩水甘油醚、聚乙醇甲醚和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油醚中的至少一种。
5.如权利要求1所述的密封胶组合物，其特征在于，所述增稠剂为甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、水溶性的聚丙烯酸盐、聚丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸、聚氨酯、膨润土、凹凸棒土、硅酸铝、淀粉、明胶、海藻酸钠、干酪素、瓜尔胶、甲壳胺、阿拉伯树胶、黄原胶、大豆蛋白胶、天然橡胶、羊毛脂、琼脂、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚氧化乙烯、卡波树脂和聚乙烯蜡中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求1所述的密封胶组合物，其特征在于，所述流平剂为有机硅流平剂、十二烷基硫酸钠、烷基磺酸钠、脂肪酸、脂肪酸酯硫酸盐、聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚和聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚中的至少一种；所述润湿剂为聚醚硅氧烷、异佛尔酮、二丙酮醇和重芳烃中的至少一种；所述憎水剂为硅油、石蜡、石蜡乳液、甲基硅酸盐和有机硅憎水剂中的至少一种。
7.如权利要求1～6任一项所述的密封胶组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将主体树脂和溶剂混合均匀，搅拌至完全溶解；
(2)再将增稠剂、流平剂、润湿剂、和憎水剂加入到步骤(1)的混合液中，搅拌均匀，得所述密封胶组合物。
8.一种密封胶，其特征在于，所述密封胶由权利要求1～6任一项所述的密封胶组合物制备而成。
9.如权利要求8所述密封胶在制备固态电容器中的应用。
10.如权利要求9所述应用，其特征在于，所述密封胶在使用时，将固态电容器含浸完毕烘干后再含浸所述密封胶，于75～150℃干燥固化30min。
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