CN114103371B - 一种叠层发泡片材及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种叠层发泡片材及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN114103371B
CN114103371B CN202111630170.4A CN202111630170A CN114103371B CN 114103371 B CN114103371 B CN 114103371B CN 202111630170 A CN202111630170 A CN 202111630170A CN 114103371 B CN114103371 B CN 114103371B
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groove
polyurethane main
wear
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CN114103371A (zh
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李凌
潘林军
潘奕帆
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Weihai Dengshang New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种叠层发泡片材及其生产工艺，包括聚氨酯主体，所述聚氨酯主体的外侧设置有阻燃层，所述阻燃层包括包裹所述聚氨酯主体的树脂、分散在所述树脂中的若干氢氧化铝颗粒。氢氧化铝是用量最大和应用最广的无机阻燃添加剂。氢氧化铝作为阻燃剂不仅能够阻燃，还能够防止发烟，不产生滴下物，不产生有毒气体。在聚氨酯主体的外侧设置树脂，一方面可对聚氨酯主体进行保护，使之不易损坏，另一方面可使聚氨酯主体与树脂稳定连接。在树脂内部设置若干氢氧化铝颗粒，可有效提升叠层发泡片材的阻燃性。

Description

一种叠层发泡片材及其生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡片材，特别地，涉及一种叠层发泡片材及其生产工艺。
背景技术
聚氨酯泡沫是异氰酸酯和聚醚为主要原料，在发泡剂、催化剂以及阻燃剂等多种助剂的作用下，通过该专用设备混合，经高压喷涂现场发泡而成的高分子聚合物。不过，现有的聚氨酯泡沫多为单层结构，存在有阻燃性能较差的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的第一个目的是提供一种叠层发泡片材，其具有阻燃性能较好的优势。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种叠层发泡片材，包括聚氨酯主体，所述聚氨酯主体的外侧设置有阻燃层，所述阻燃层包括包裹所述聚氨酯主体的树脂、分散在所述树脂中的若干氢氧化铝颗粒。
通过上述技术方案，氢氧化铝是用量最大和应用最广的无机阻燃添加剂。氢氧化铝作为阻燃剂不仅能够阻燃，还能够防止发烟，不产生滴下物，不产生有毒气体。在聚氨酯主体的外侧设置树脂，一方面可对聚氨酯主体进行保护，使之不易损坏，另一方面可使聚氨酯主体与树脂稳定连接。在树脂内部设置若干氢氧化铝颗粒，可有效提升叠层发泡片材的阻燃性。
优选的，所述聚氨酯主体的外侧开设有连接槽，所述树脂的内侧设置有连接块，所述连接块卡设在所述连接槽中。
通过上述技术方案，连接块与连接槽相互配合，可进一步提升树脂与聚氨酯主体之间的连接强度，使得阻燃层与聚氨酯主体之间不易分离。
优选的，所述连接槽的内槽壁处开设有限位槽，所述连接块的侧壁处设置有限位块，所述限位块卡设在所述限位槽中。
通过上述技术方案，限位块与限位槽相互配合，可更进一步提升树脂与聚氨酯主体之间的连接强度，使得阻燃层与聚氨酯主体之间不易分离。
优选的，所述阻燃层的外侧设置有耐磨层，所述耐磨层包括耐磨橡胶以及设置在所述耐磨橡胶中的钢丝铠装。
通过上述技术方案，在阻燃层的外侧设置耐磨层，可极大程度上提升叠层发泡片材的耐磨性。钢丝铠装一方面可对耐磨橡胶进行支撑，使得耐磨橡胶不易变形，另一方面可提升耐磨层的耐磨性能。
优选的，所述钢丝铠装的底部设置有若干连接柱，若干所述连接柱均插入至所述树脂中。
通过上述技术方案，连接柱插入到树脂内部，可用以提升耐磨层与阻燃层之间的连接强度，使得耐磨层与阻燃层之间不易分离。
优选的，所述连接柱的外侧设置有若干限位凸点。
通过上述技术方案，设置在连接柱外侧的若干限位凸点，可进一步提升耐磨层与阻燃层之间的连接强度，使得耐磨层与阻燃层之间不易分离。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种叠层发泡片材的生产工艺，其具有生产效率较高的优势。
本发明的技术方案是：一种叠层发泡片材的生产工艺，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：使用密炼机对聚氨酯主体的原料进行密炼加工；
步骤二：将经密炼处理的聚氨酯主体的原料放入到挤出机中，使用挤出机对聚氨酯主体的原料进行挤出加工；
步骤三：将经挤出加工的聚氨酯主体的原料放入到开炼机中，使用开炼机对聚氨酯主体的原料进行开炼加工；
步骤四：将经开炼处理的聚氨酯主体的原料放入到发泡机中，使用发泡机对聚氨酯主体的原料进行发泡处理；
步骤五：将经发泡处理后形成的聚氨酯主体放置到拉毛机中，使用拉毛机对聚氨酯主体表面进行拉毛处理；
步骤六：在聚氨酯主体的表面涂覆阻燃剂，待阻燃剂凝固后可形成阻燃层；
步骤七：在耐磨层上涂覆胶水；
步骤八：将耐磨层覆在阻燃层外侧；
步骤九：按压耐磨层，使耐磨层与阻燃层粘接固定，使连接柱插入到阻燃层中。
通过上述技术方案，通过密炼机、挤出机、开炼机、发泡机以及拉毛机相互配合，用以对叠层发泡片材进行生产，具有自动化程度高，生产效率高的优势。
优选的，所述拉毛机包括机架、设置在所述机架下部的工作台、设置在所述机架上部的拉毛杆、沿所述拉毛杆轴向均匀分布的若干拉毛刀。
通过上述技术方案，使用时，将聚氨酯主体放置在工作台上，并使用牵引机械牵引聚氨酯主体进行移动。在聚氨酯主体移动的过程中，拉毛杆可与聚氨酯主体接触，并对聚氨酯主体进行拉毛处理。
优选的，所述拉毛刀的顶部设置有连接环，所述连接环转动套设于所述拉毛杆，所述连接环的内侧沿周向开设有引导槽，所述引导槽的内部滑移连接有引导块，所述引导块固定连接于所述拉毛杆，所述引导槽中设置有支撑弹簧，所述支撑弹簧的一端连接于所述引导块，所述支撑弹簧的另一端连接于所述引导槽的内槽壁。
通过上述技术方案，在聚氨酯主体未放于工作台时，支撑弹簧通过弹力驱使引导块与引导槽的前端内槽壁抵紧，使得拉毛刀处于竖直状态。在聚氨酯主体放于工作台，且通过牵引机械牵引聚氨酯主体移动时，聚氨酯主体可与拉毛刀接触并驱使拉毛刀转动，直至引导块与引导槽的后端内槽壁抵紧，此时拉毛刀处于倾斜状态，能够较为有效对聚氨酯主体进行拉毛处理。
优选的，所述拉毛刀包括刀架以及若干刀刃，所述刀架的侧壁处开设有置刀槽，若干所述刀刃均滑移连接在所述置刀槽中，且若干所述刀刃的刃口均凸出于所述置刀槽的槽口，所述刀架的顶部开设有连通于所述置刀槽的开口，所述连接环螺纹连接于所述刀架的顶部，用以遮盖所述开口，所述开口中设置有动力弹簧，所述动力弹簧的一端与所述置刀槽顶部的所述刀刃抵触，所述动力弹簧的另一端与所述连接环抵触，所述置刀槽的底部内槽壁处开设有收纳槽，每一所述刀刃的两侧均设置有弹性卡块，所述弹性卡块用以与所述置刀槽的内槽壁相抵触，用以限制刀刃进入所述收纳槽。
通过上述技术方案，在需要使用拉毛机对聚氨酯主体进行拉毛处理时，第一步，旋动连接环，用以将连接环从刀架的顶部取下，第二步，将若干刀刃从开口放入到置刀槽内部，并控制刀刃的刃口从置刀槽的槽口处凸出，第三步，将动力弹簧从开口处放入，动力弹簧的底部与置刀槽顶部的刀刃接触，动力弹簧的顶部从开口处凸出，第四步，将连接环螺纹连接至刀架的顶部，连接环将动力弹簧的上端压入到开口中。在使用拉毛机对聚氨酯主体进行拉毛处理时，若刀刃的刃口较为锋利，则刀刃可较为顺利将聚氨酯主体的表面切开，此时在弹性卡块的作用下，刀刃无法进入到收纳槽中。当刀刃的刃口因使用时间增加而逐渐变钝时，聚氨酯主体对刀刃所施加的作用力逐渐增大。当聚氨酯主体对刀刃所施加的作用力达到一定程度时，聚氨酯主体可将底部变钝的刀刃推入到收纳槽内部，与此同时，由于拉毛刀处于倾斜状态，所以动力弹簧可通过弹力下推刀刃，用以继续对聚氨酯主体进行拉毛处理。通过以上方式自动更换变钝的刀刃，可在一定程度上提升叠层发泡片材的生产效率。
附图说明
图1为实施例一的结构示意图；
图2为图1的A部放大图；
图3为拉毛机的剖视示意图；
图4为刀刃的结构示意图。
附图标记：1、聚氨酯主体；2、连接槽；3、连接块；4、阻燃层；41、树脂；42、氢氧化铝颗粒；5、限位槽；6、限位块；7、耐磨层；71、耐磨橡胶；72、钢丝铠装；8、连接柱；9、限位凸点；10、机架；11、工作台；12、拉毛杆；13、拉毛刀；131、刀架；132、刀刃；14、连接环；15、引导槽；16、引导块；17、支撑弹簧；18、置刀槽；19、开口；20、动力弹簧；21、收纳槽；22、弹性卡块。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详述，以使本发明技术方案更易于理解和掌握。
实施例一：
一种叠层发泡片材，如图1、图2所示，包括由内至外依次设置的聚氨酯主体1、阻燃层4以及耐磨层7。
阻燃层4可提升发泡片材的阻燃性，阻燃层4包括包裹聚氨酯主体1的树脂41以及分散在树脂41中的若干氢氧化铝颗粒42。氢氧化铝颗粒42是用量最大和应用最广的无机阻燃添加剂。氢氧化铝作为阻燃剂不仅能够阻燃，还能够防止发烟，不产生滴下物，不产生有毒气体。
聚氨酯主体1的外侧开设有若干连接槽2，且若干连接槽2相互平行。每一连接槽2的内槽壁处均开设有限位槽5，且限位槽5的延伸方向与连接槽2的延伸方向相同。树脂41内侧与连接槽2相对处设置有连接块3，连接块3卡设在对应的连接槽2中，用以提升树脂41与聚氨酯主体1的连接强度。连接块3侧壁与限位槽5相对处设置有限位块6，限位块6卡设在限位槽5中，用以进一步提升树脂41与聚氨酯主体1的连接强度。
耐磨层7可提升发泡片材的耐磨性，耐磨层7包括耐磨橡胶71以及设置在所述耐磨橡胶71中的钢丝铠装72。钢丝铠装72的内侧设置有若干连接柱8，且若干连接柱8均插入到树脂41中，用以提升耐磨层7与阻燃层4的连接强度。每一连接柱8的外侧均设置有若干限位凸点9，用以进一步提升耐磨层7与阻燃层4的连接强度。
实施例二：
一种叠层发泡片材的生产工艺：包括如下步骤：
步骤一：将聚氨酯主体的原料放入到密炼机中，使用密炼机对聚氨酯主体1的原料进行密炼加工；
步骤二：将经密炼处理的聚氨酯主体的原料放入到挤出机中，使用挤出机对聚氨酯主体的原料进行挤出加工；
步骤三：将经挤出加工的聚氨酯主体的原料放入到开炼机中，使用开炼机对聚氨酯主体的原料进行开炼加工；
步骤四：将经开炼处理的聚氨酯主体的原料放入到发泡机中，使用发泡机对聚氨酯主体的原料进行发泡处理；
步骤五：将经发泡处理后形成的聚氨酯主体放置到拉毛机中，使用拉毛机对聚氨酯主体表面进行拉毛处理；
步骤六：在聚氨酯主体的表面涂覆阻燃剂，待阻燃剂凝固后可形成阻燃层；
步骤七：在耐磨层上涂覆胶水；
步骤八：将耐磨层覆在阻燃层外侧；
步骤九：按压耐磨层，使耐磨层与阻燃层粘接固定，使连接柱插入到阻燃层中。
如图3、图4所示，步骤五中所采用的拉毛机包括机架10、设置在机架10下部的工作台11、设置在机架10上部的拉毛杆12、沿拉毛杆12轴向均匀分布的若干拉毛刀13。使用时，将聚氨酯主体1放置在工作台11上，使用牵引机械牵引聚氨酯主体1进行移动。与此同时，拉毛刀13可与聚氨酯主体1接触，并对聚氨酯主体1的表面进行拉毛处理。
拉毛刀13的顶部设置有连接环14，连接环14转动套设于拉毛杆12。连接环14的内侧沿周向开设有引导槽15，引导槽15的内部滑移连接有引导块16，引导块16固定连接于拉毛杆12。引导槽15中设置有支撑弹簧17，支撑弹簧17的一端连接于引导块16，支撑弹簧17的另一端连接于引导槽15的后端内槽壁。
拉毛刀13包括刀架131以及若干刀刃132。刀架131的侧壁处开设有置刀槽18，若干刀刃132均滑移连接在置刀槽18中，且若干刀刃132的刃口均凸出于置刀槽18的槽口。刀架131的顶部开设有连通于置刀槽18的开口19，使用时可经由开口19将若干刀刃132放入到置刀槽18中。连接环14螺纹连接于刀架131的顶部，用以遮盖开口19。开口19中设置有动力弹簧20，动力弹簧20的一端与置刀槽18顶部的刀刃132抵触，动力弹簧20的另一端与连接环14抵触。置刀槽18的底部内槽壁处开设有收纳槽21，每一刀刃132的两侧均设置有弹性卡块22，弹性卡块22用以与置刀槽18的内槽壁相抵触，用以限制刀刃132进入收纳槽21。
当然，以上只是本发明的典型实例，除此之外，本发明还可以有其它多种具体实施方式，凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求保护的范围之内。

Claims (1)

1.一种叠层发泡片材的生产工艺，其特征是：包括如下步骤：
步骤一：使用密炼机对聚氨酯主体的原料进行密炼加工；
步骤二：将经密炼处理的聚氨酯主体的原料放入到挤出机中，使用挤出机对聚氨酯主体的原料进行挤出加工；
步骤三：将经挤出加工的聚氨酯主体的原料放入到开炼机中，使用开炼机对聚氨酯主体的原料进行开炼加工；
步骤四：将经开炼处理的聚氨酯主体的原料放入到发泡机中，使用发泡机对聚氨酯主体的原料进行发泡处理；
步骤五：将经发泡处理后形成的聚氨酯主体放置到拉毛机中，使用拉毛机对聚氨酯主体表面进行拉毛处理；
步骤六：在聚氨酯主体的表面涂覆阻燃剂，待阻燃剂凝固后可形成阻燃层；
步骤七：在耐磨层(7)上涂覆胶水；所述耐磨层(7)包括耐磨橡胶(71)以及设置在所述耐磨橡胶(71)中的钢丝铠装(72)；所述钢丝铠装(72)的底部设置有若干连接柱(8)；
步骤八：将耐磨层(7)覆在阻燃层外侧；
步骤九：按压耐磨层(7)，使耐磨层(7)与阻燃层粘接固定，使连接柱(8)插入到阻燃层中；
所述拉毛机包括机架(10)、设置在所述机架(10)下部的工作台(11)、设置在所述机架(10)上部的拉毛杆(12)、沿所述拉毛杆(12)轴向均匀分布的若干拉毛刀(13)；
所述拉毛刀(13)的顶部设置有连接环(14)，所述连接环(14)转动套设于所述拉毛杆(12)，所述连接环(14)的内侧沿周向开设有引导槽(15)，所述引导槽(15)的内部滑移连接有引导块(16)，所述引导块(16)固定连接于所述拉毛杆(12)，所述引导槽(15)中设置有支撑弹簧(17)，所述支撑弹簧(17)的一端连接于所述引导块(16)，所述支撑弹簧(17)的另一端连接于所述引导槽(15)的内槽壁；
所述拉毛刀(13)包括刀架(131)以及若干刀刃(132)，所述刀架(131)的侧壁处开设有置刀槽(18)，若干所述刀刃(132)均滑移连接在所述置刀槽(18)中，且若干所述刀刃(132)的刃口均凸出于所述置刀槽(18)的槽口，所述刀架(131)的顶部开设有连通于所述置刀槽(18)的开口(19)，所述连接环(14)螺纹连接于所述刀架(131)的顶部，用以遮盖所述开口(19)，所述开口(19)中设置有动力弹簧(20)，所述动力弹簧(20)的一端与所述置刀槽(18)顶部的所述刀刃(132)抵触，所述动力弹簧(20)的另一端与所述连接环(14)抵触，所述置刀槽(18)的底部内槽壁处开设有收纳槽(21)，每一所述刀刃(132)的两侧均设置有弹性卡块(22)，所述弹性卡块(22)用以与所述置刀槽(18)的内槽壁相抵触，用以限制刀刃(132)进入所述收纳槽(21)。
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