CN114103190A - 一种透明复合薄膜背板的生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明设计的一种透明复合薄膜背板的生产方法,选择PET薄膜作为此款背板的基材,提供良好的力学性能和电气绝缘性能,在一定高温操作下也不容易发生收缩变形;所选用无溶剂热塑性的热熔胶避免了传统胶黏剂溶剂危险和环保问题,符合国家环保政策要求,无“三废”产生,绿色、环保、安全、高效;选用淋膜工艺避免了传统的涂布工艺,不但安全环保,效率较高,降低配套要求和投资资金;选用UV或EB等辐射技术,技术稳定成熟,避免了传统的化学热交联技术,整个过程无危化品使用和管理,而且操作简单、安全,生产无安全隐患,采用网纹涂布法生产的网纹氟膜,可根据组件版型设计定制网纹尺寸和规格,制备出网纹透明背板,并投产在网纹透明背板组件。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏组件生产领域,尤其涉及一种透明复合薄膜背板的生产方法。
背景技术
随着双面电池片的普及和国内外市场对降本的需求,特别是美国201法案对双面组件进行特别豁免,使得双面组件受到行业组件厂家的开发和验证,同时各原材料厂家也纷纷加大投入开发双面组件用的透明背板。但由于目前透明背板的生产工艺和原材料选型决定了价格不菲,是常规普通背板的2~3倍价格,导致无法大规模批量化应用,而且生产技术和原材料选型仅限几家供应商,无法满足光伏“平价上网”的初衷和目的。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种透明复合薄膜背板的生产方法。
为实现上述技术目的,本发明采用以下技术方案,一种透明复合薄膜背板的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、筛选薄膜,选用PET即聚酯薄膜,厚度为250-300um,透光率>85%;
S2、配置热熔胶,混合各类助剂,助剂具体包括光引发剂、助交联剂、单体、活性稀释剂、抗氧剂、光稳定剂、增粘剂、润湿剂,粉状助剂经研磨后与其他经过研磨的粉状助剂混合,粉状助剂研磨至≥200目,各类助剂在粘合剂中的质量占比为0.5—5%,总占比不超过10%;S3、片状助剂经热融化后与液体助剂混合,片状助剂在备料前在100℃下混合半小时,随后将经过步骤S2加工的粉状助剂加入到液体助剂中进行混合搅拌;
S4、在搅拌釜中加入塑料粒子,塑料粒子采用POE或EVA粒子,在搅拌釜中先加入塑料粒子,粒子混合温度不超过50℃,然后加入步骤S3搅拌出的助剂一起混合搅拌直至助剂吸收到粒子中去;
S5、步骤S4混合搅拌完成后,将混合粒子进行造粒,造粒温度控制在200±20℃;
S6、采用上述混合好的粒子进行挤出淋膜,即把热塑性粒子在一定条件下均匀涂布在PET基材上,淋膜时模具温度不超过120℃ ,根据不同的淋膜设备,分别对PET两侧同步或分步涂布,同时在一侧和含氟薄膜进行复合,含氟薄膜的厚度为20-50um,氟含量不低于10%,透光率>85%;
S7、将上述半成品通过化学热交联进行固化处理,提高与PET剥离力和自身交联。
作为优选,POE粒子的熔融指数为15-35g/10min,熔融温度为55-75℃。
作为优选,EVA粒子的熔融指数为20-40g/10min,熔融温度为60-75℃。
作为优选,步骤S4选用POE或EVA粒子为主粒子,选用PVB粒子作为辅助粒子,PVB粒子选用为辅助粒子时要求熔融指数为100-1000g/10min,熔融温度为55-75℃,主粒子与辅助粒子之间的质量比例≥7:3。
作为优选,粘合剂中加有端乙烯基有机硅树脂,乙烯基含量0.5%~5%,热熔胶中加入带端乙烯基的有机硅后可以加速交联和提升耐候性,性能更加卓越,生产工艺简单高效,具有显著创新性,符合国家对创新的需求。
作为优选,淋膜时模具温度控制在80-100℃。
本发明的创新之处是针对目前透明背板价格高的问题,另辟蹊径,采用全新设备和工艺、原材料,在不降低质量的前提下,成本显著下降,而且以此为基础,可以开发一系列相关产品,为迅速打开市场创造了积极条件,并且根据客户需求,进行产品定制,开发透明背板具有现实意义,并应用到光伏组件上,增强了功率增益,选择PET薄膜作为此款背板的基材,提供良好的力学性能和电气绝缘性能,在一定高温操作下也不容易发生收缩变形;所选用无溶剂热塑性的热熔胶避免了传统胶黏剂溶剂危险和环保问题,符合国家环保政策要求,无“三废”产生,绿色、环保、安全、高效;选用淋膜工艺避免了传统的涂布工艺,不但安全环保,效率较高,降低配套要求和投资资金;选用化学热交联固化技术,交联率高,产品质量高,性能稳定,和光伏组件匹配性强,整个过程无危化品使用和管理,而且操作简单、安全,生产无安全隐患。
本发明摒弃传统的液体粘合剂,采用环保安全的热熔胶当作复合膜的粘合剂,并采用全新工艺和新设备,节约了能耗,无“三废”排放;采用EVA、POE等热塑性树脂作为淋膜原材料,耐可靠性优良,并成熟、可靠,满足光伏组件对耐候性达25年的特殊要求,摒弃了传统的环氧、丙烯酸、聚氨酯、有机硅等化学溶剂型粘合剂,成本更低,性能更稳定;采用低温淋膜工艺技术,安全、环保、节能、高效,避免了传统的涂布工艺,生产车间现场味道大,环保要求高,投资金额大,能耗高,配套复杂。
附图说明
图1为本发明生产方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中,除非另有规定和限定,需要说明的是,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是机械连接或电连接,也可以是两个元件内部的连通,可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。
一种透明复合薄膜背板的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、筛选薄膜,选用PET即聚酯薄膜,厚度为250-300um,透光率>85%;
S2、配置热熔胶,混合各类助剂,助剂具体包括光引发剂、助交联剂、单体、活性稀释剂、抗氧剂、光稳定剂、增粘剂、润湿剂,粉状助剂经研磨后与其他经过研磨的粉状助剂混合,粉状助剂研磨至≥200目,各类助剂在粘合剂中的质量占比为0.5—5%,总占比不超过10%;S3、片状助剂经热融化后与液体助剂混合,片状助剂在备料前在100℃下混合半小时,随后将经过步骤S2加工的粉状助剂加入到液体助剂中进行混合搅拌;
S4、在搅拌釜中加入塑料粒子,塑料粒子采用POE或EVA粒子,在搅拌釜中先加入塑料粒子,粒子混合温度不超过50℃,然后加入步骤S3搅拌出的助剂一起混合搅拌直至助剂吸收到粒子中去;
S5、步骤S4混合搅拌完成后,将混合粒子进行造粒,造粒温度控制在200±20℃;
S6、采用上述混合好的粒子进行挤出淋膜,即把热塑性粒子在一定条件下均匀涂布在PET基材上,淋膜时模具温度不超过120℃ ,根据不同的淋膜设备,分别对PET两侧同步或分步涂布,同时在一侧和含氟薄膜进行复合,含氟薄膜的厚度为20-50um,氟含量不低于10%,透光率>85%;
S7、将上述半成品通过化学热交联进行固化处理,提高与PET剥离力和自身交联。
作为优选,POE粒子的熔融指数为15-35g/10min,熔融温度为55-75℃。
作为优选,EVA粒子的熔融指数为20-40g/10min,熔融温度为60-75℃。
作为优选,步骤S4选用POE或EVA粒子为主粒子,选用PVB粒子作为辅助粒子,PVB粒子选用为辅助粒子时要求熔融指数为100-1000g/10min,熔融温度为55-75℃,主粒子与辅助粒子之间的质量比例≥7:3。
作为优选,粘合剂中加有端乙烯基有机硅树脂,乙烯基含量0.5%~5%,热熔胶中加入带端乙烯基的有机硅后可以加速交联和提升耐候性,性能更加卓越,生产工艺简单高效,具有显著创新性,符合国家对创新的需求。
作为优选,淋膜时模具温度控制在80-100℃。
本发明的创新之处是针对目前透明背板价格高的问题,另辟蹊径,采用全新设备和工艺、原材料,在不降低质量的前提下,成本显著下降,而且以此为基础,可以开发一系列相关产品,为迅速打开市场创造了积极条件,并且根据客户需求,进行产品定制,开发透明背板具有现实意义,并应用到光伏组件上,增强了功率增益,选择PET薄膜作为此款背板的基材,提供良好的力学性能和电气绝缘性能,在一定高温操作下也不容易发生收缩变形;所选用无溶剂热塑性的热熔胶避免了传统胶黏剂溶剂危险和环保问题,符合国家环保政策要求,无“三废”产生,绿色、环保、安全、高效;选用淋膜工艺避免了传统的涂布工艺,不但安全环保,效率较高,降低配套要求和投资资金;选用化学热交联固化技术,交联率高,产品质量高,性能稳定,和光伏组件匹配性强,整个过程无危化品使用和管理,而且操作简单、安全,生产无安全隐患。
本发明摒弃传统的液体粘合剂,采用环保安全的热熔胶当作复合膜的粘合剂,并采用全新工艺和新设备,节约了能耗,无“三废”排放;采用EVA、POE等热塑性树脂作为淋膜原材料,耐可靠性优良,并成熟、可靠,满足光伏组件对耐候性达25年的特殊要求,摒弃了传统的环氧、丙烯酸、聚氨酯、有机硅等化学溶剂型粘合剂,成本更低,性能更稳定;采用低温淋膜工艺技术,安全、环保、节能、高效,避免了传统的涂布工艺,生产车间现场味道大,环保要求高,投资金额大,能耗高,配套复杂。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (6)
1.一种透明复合薄膜背板的生产方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、筛选薄膜,选用PET即聚酯薄膜,厚度为250-300um,透光率>85%;
S2、配置热熔胶,混合各类助剂,助剂具体包括光引发剂、助交联剂、单体、活性稀释剂、抗氧剂、光稳定剂、增粘剂、润湿剂,粉状助剂经研磨后与其他经过研磨的粉状助剂混合,粉状助剂研磨至≥200目,各类助剂在粘合剂中的质量占比为0.5—5%,总占比不超过10%;S3、片状助剂经热融化后与液体助剂混合,片状助剂在备料前在100℃下混合半小时,随后将经过步骤S2加工的粉状助剂加入到液体助剂中进行混合搅拌;
S4、在搅拌釜中加入塑料粒子,塑料粒子采用POE或EVA粒子,在搅拌釜中先加入塑料粒子,粒子混合温度不超过50℃,然后加入步骤S3搅拌出的助剂一起混合搅拌直至助剂吸收到粒子中去;
S5、步骤S4混合搅拌完成后,将混合粒子进行造粒,造粒温度控制在200±20℃;
S6、采用上述混合好的粒子进行挤出淋膜,即把热塑性粒子在一定条件下均匀涂布在PET基材上,淋膜时模具温度不超过120℃ ,根据不同的淋膜设备,分别对PET两侧同步或分步涂布,同时在一侧和含氟薄膜进行复合,含氟薄膜的厚度为20-50um,氟含量不低于10%,透光率>85%;
S7、将上述半成品通过化学热交联进行固化处理,提高与PET剥离力和自身交联。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生产方法,其特征在于,POE粒子的熔融指数为15-35g/10min,熔融温度为55-75℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的生产方法,其特征在于,EVA粒子的熔融指数为20-40g/10min,熔融温度为60-75℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的生产方法,其特征在于,步骤S4选用POE或EVA粒子为主粒子,选用PVB粒子作为辅助粒子,PVB粒子选用为辅助粒子时要求熔融指数为100-1000g/10min,熔融温度为55-75℃,主粒子与辅助粒子之间的质量比例≥7:3。
5.根据权利要求1所述的生产方法,其特征在于,粘合剂中加有端乙烯基有机硅树脂,乙烯基含量0.5%~5%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的生产方法,其特征在于,淋膜时模具温度控制在80-100℃。
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