CN114097528A - Ecological planting method of lucid ganoderma - Google Patents
Ecological planting method of lucid ganoderma Download PDFInfo
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- CN114097528A CN114097528A CN202110940691.3A CN202110940691A CN114097528A CN 114097528 A CN114097528 A CN 114097528A CN 202110940691 A CN202110940691 A CN 202110940691A CN 114097528 A CN114097528 A CN 114097528A
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- 241000222336 Ganoderma Species 0.000 title claims description 44
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- 240000008397 Ganoderma lucidum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 235000001637 Ganoderma lucidum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 37
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 36
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum planting, and particularly discloses an ecological planting method of ganoderma lucidum, which comprises the following planting steps: the method comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum, uniformly mixing, then placing in a charging barrel for stewing, and performing primary reverse stacking on the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum stewed in the charging barrel every two to three hours. According to the method, the cotton seed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum are stirred and mixed to replace basswood used in traditional ganoderma lucidum planting, the ganoderma lucidum does not need to be inoculated by the basswood in the planting process, the waste of the basswood is reduced, the ecological environment-friendly effect in the ganoderma lucidum planting process is improved, the ganoderma lucidum is not inoculated by the basswood, the problem that residual basswood needs to be removed when the ganoderma lucidum is planted in the second season is solved, the workload of growers is reduced, and the planting efficiency of the ganoderma lucidum is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum planting, in particular to an ecological planting method of ganoderma lucidum.
Background
Ganoderma lucidum, also known as Ruicao, Linzhongling, Qiongzhen, is the fruiting body of the fungus Ganoderma lucidum of Polyporaceae, which is umbrella-shaped, pileus kidney-shaped, semicircular or nearly circular, generally grows in mountain forests with high humidity and dim light, mainly grows at the root of rotten trees or trees thereof, and is mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Fujian, etc. in China.
In the planting process of ganoderma lucidum, mostly adopt on basswood after trompil sterilization, pack the piece fungus and inoculate in the hole of seting up on basswood, after the inoculation finishes, give out fungus and handle and plant, the metabolism that adds the probiotic stoste to it at the growth process of ganoderma lucidum, but use basswood trompil inoculation fungus, cause the waste of basswood, be unfavorable for ecological environmental protection, and be not convenient for carry out the waste that accurate interpolation caused the probiotic stoste to ganoderma lucidum at the interpolation probiotic stoste in-process, and the probiotic stoste is left over more and is difficult to be absorbed by ganoderma lucidum on the surface course, therefore, in order to solve this type of problem, we have proposed an ecological planting method of ganoderma lucidum.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides an ecological planting method of lucid ganoderma.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ecological planting method of lucid ganoderma comprises the following planting steps:
the method comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum, uniformly mixing, then placing in a charging barrel for stewing, performing primary reverse stacking on the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum which are placed in the charging barrel for stewing every two to three hours, fully sterilizing the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum, measuring the pH value of a mixture of the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum after stewing is finished, and adjusting the pH value of the mixture to 7.5 by dropwise adding an ice acetic acid solution into the mixture;
step two: selecting a ganoderma lucidum planting greenhouse, selecting a greenhouse with good ventilation and convenient drainage and irrigation, selecting a ganoderma lucidum planting ground, scattering a layer of lime powder with the thickness of about 2mm on the ground, uniformly scattering a mixture of cottonseed hulls, rice bran, soybean flour, sugar and gypsum which are uniformly mixed and tightly put on the lime powder ground, covering a layer of plastic film on the lime powder and the mixture, fixing and sealing the plastic film through soil, sealing the mixture in the plastic film for one to three days until the mixture in the plastic film is within the environment temperature of 40-50 ℃, and maintaining the temperature for one to three days, wherein all mixed bacteria in the mixture germinate into nutrients;
step three: placing the mixture into a high-pressure polypropylene bag, placing the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture into a high-pressure steam furnace for high-pressure sterilization, turning over the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture every three hours in the sterilization process, fully sterilizing the outer surface of the high-pressure polypropylene bag, and cooling the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture within ten minutes after high-pressure steam sterilization until the mixture is cooled to 25 ℃;
step four: opening one end of a high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture, ensuring the opening smoothness as much as possible, clamping the block strains by using tweezers, putting the strains into the mixture through the circular opening at one end of the high-pressure polypropylene bag, before clamping the block strains, putting workers into a disinfection chamber for sterilization and disinfection treatment, then wearing protective clothing, and clamping the block strains by using the tweezers with hands without using the sterile gloves for inoculation, so as to ensure that the strains cannot be mixed into mixed bacteria during inoculation to influence the later growth of the ganoderma lucidum;
step five: digging a groove with the depth flush with the high-pressure polypropylene bags in the ganoderma lucidum greenhouse, arranging the inoculated high-pressure polypropylene bags filled with the mixture and the bulk strains in the groove in sequence, filling soil in gaps among the high-pressure polypropylene bags, and adding probiotic stock solution, insecticide and farmyard manure to the ganoderma lucidum planted in the planting area in the groove by fixed-point adding equipment to enhance the metabolism of the ganoderma lucidum after planting is finished, so that the root system of the ganoderma lucidum is developed, and the growth of the ganoderma lucidum is accelerated.
Preferably, the cotton seed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum are 70%, 25%, 2%, 1.5% and 1.5%, the water content of the mixture is controlled to be 55-70% after the mixture is mixed, the sterilized high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture and cooled is sent into an inoculation chamber to be cooled, the inoculation chamber is in a sterile environment, and the phenomenon that the ganoderma lucidum grows in the later period due to the fact that mixed bacteria enter the sterilized mixture is avoided.
Preferably, the fixed point adding equipment in the fifth step comprises a bottom plate, a rectangular opening is formed in the bottom plate, two third fixing plates are fixed to the top of the bottom plate, first connecting plates are obliquely fixed to the tops of the two third fixing plates, an agitating mechanism is arranged between the two first connecting plates, a transverse plate is fixed to the side face of each third fixing plate, an adding mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the transverse plate and located in the rectangular opening formed in the bottom plate, and a flattening mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the rectangular opening formed in the bottom plate.
Preferably, the rabbling mechanism is including fixing the agitator between two first connecting plates, and the protective housing is installed to the agitator bottom, installs the motor in the protective housing, and the output shaft of motor inserts in the agitator and is connected with the pivot, and pivot outer wall rigid coupling has the connecting rod, and the scraper blade is installed to the connecting rod tip, leaves the clearance between scraper blade and the agitator inner wall, and the agitator inner wall is fixed with the puddler, puddler and connecting rod intercrossing are arranged.
Preferably, the top of the stirring barrel is provided with a water inlet and a feed inlet, the bottom of the stirring barrel is provided with a water outlet and a discharge outlet, and the discharge outlet is communicated with the adding mechanism through a conveying pipe.
Preferably, the outer wall of the stirring barrel is fixed with a second fixing plate, the second fixing plate is fixed on the side face of a third fixing plate, the top wall in the stirring barrel is provided with a mounting groove, a bearing is mounted in the mounting groove, and the end part of the rotating shaft is mounted on the inner ring of the bearing.
Preferably, add the mechanism including installing the pneumatic cylinder in the diaphragm bottom, the piston rod end of pneumatic cylinder is fixed with the dead lever, the piston rod outer wall of pneumatic cylinder is fixed with the link, the link end fixing has the take-up (stock) pan, the take-up (stock) pan bottom is fixed with the solid fixed cylinder, it annotates the material hole to have seted up the round on the solid fixed cylinder, it is linked together with the take-up (stock) pan to annotate the material hole, take-up (stock) pan top intercommunication has quick-operation joint, the delivery pipe tip is linked together with quick-operation joint, the pneumatic cylinder outer wall is fixed with the bracing piece, the bracing piece bottom extends to between link and the pneumatic cylinder.
Preferably, the bracing piece bottom mounting has the fixed block, and the slope curved surface of inboard slope is seted up to the bottom of fixed section of thick bamboo outer wall, and the dead lever bottom mounting has the toper piece, and toper piece and dead lever all are located fixed section of thick bamboo.
Preferably, the flattening mechanism comprises a mounting plate fixed on the inner wall of a rectangular opening formed in the bottom plate, two second connecting plates are fixed at the bottom of the mounting plate, a roller matched with the fixed cylinder is rotatably mounted between the two second connecting plates through a pin shaft, the rolling curved surface of the roller is larger than the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder, and the bottom of the rolling curved surface of the roller is flush with the bottom of the fixed cylinder.
Preferably, the walking wheel is installed to the bottom plate bottom, and the bottom plate side slope is fixed with first fixed plate, and first fixed plate side-mounting has the handle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1: according to the method, the cotton seed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum are stirred and mixed to replace basswood used in traditional ganoderma lucidum planting, basswood is not needed to be used for inoculation in the ganoderma lucidum planting process, waste of the basswood is reduced, ecological environmental protection performance in the ganoderma lucidum planting process is improved, the basswood is not used for inoculation of the ganoderma lucidum, the problem that residual basswood needs to be removed when ganoderma lucidum is planted in the second season is solved, workload of growers is reduced, and planting efficiency of the ganoderma lucidum is improved.
2: when the fixed-point adding equipment works, the output shaft of the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the connecting rod and the stirring rod can uniformly mix and stir the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent in the stirring barrel, the scraper can scrape the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent stained on the inner wall of the stirring barrel, the adhesion of the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent on the inner wall of the stirring barrel is avoided, the uniformly mixed probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent are conveyed into the adding mechanism through the discharge port and the conveying pipe, the nutrition required by the growth of the lucid ganoderma is added through the adding mechanism, and the farmyard manure does not damage the ecology, so that the lucid ganoderma is planted more ecologically and environmentally friendly.
3: according to the invention, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder pushes the fixed cylinder to move downwards to enable the fixed cylinder to be deep into soil, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder retracts to separate columnar soil in the fixed cylinder from soil on the ground, the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent are injected into a cylindrical hole formed when the fixed cylinder is deep into the ground through a circle of material injection holes formed in the fixed cylinder, the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent can be directly added to the root position of the lucid ganoderma, the lucid ganoderma can absorb nutrition conveniently, metabolism of the lucid ganoderma and root growth of clamped lucid ganoderma are accelerated, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder retracts and drives the columnar soil in the fixed cylinder to move upwards, the columnar soil falls from the fixed cylinder into the columnar hole on the ground under the blocking effect of the supporting rod, the ground is rolled by the roller, and fixed-point addition of the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent required by growth of the lucid ganoderma can be realized, not causing excessive waste, and ensuring the integrity and the smoothness of the ground soil after the addition.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a fixed-point adding device in step five of the ecological planting method for lucid ganoderma provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is an isometric view of a fixed-point adding device in the fifth step of the ecological planting method for lucid ganoderma provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a fixed point adding device in the fifth step of the ecological planting method of Ganoderma lucidum provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the fixed point adding device in step five of the ecological planting method of Ganoderma lucidum provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the connection between the hydraulic cylinder and the fixed cylinder of the fixed point adding device in step five of the ecological planting method for Ganoderma lucidum provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed cylinder of the fixed point adding device in step five of the ecological planting method for ganoderma lucidum provided by the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic connection diagram of the fixed cylinder and the conical block of the fixed-point adding device in step five of the ecological planting method for ganoderma lucidum provided by the invention.
In the figure: 1. a base plate; 2. a first fixing plate; 3. a stirring barrel; 4. a first connecting plate; 5. A second fixing plate; 6. a protective shell; 7. a transverse plate; 8. a water outlet; 9. a discharge port; 10. a traveling wheel; 11. mounting a plate; 12. a second connecting plate; 13. a drum; 14. a fixed cylinder; 15. a water inlet; 16. a feed inlet; 17. a hydraulic cylinder; 18. a conical block; 19. fixing the rod; 20. a third fixing plate; 21. a rotating shaft; 22. a connecting rod; 23. a squeegee; 24. a stirring rod; 25. a support bar; 26. a connecting frame; 27. a quick coupling; 28. a take-up pan; 29. and (7) material injection holes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-8, an ecological planting method of ganoderma lucidum, comprising the following planting steps:
the method comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum, uniformly mixing, then placing in a charging barrel for stewing, performing primary reverse stacking on the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum which are placed in the charging barrel for stewing every two to three hours, fully sterilizing the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum, measuring the pH value of a mixture of the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum after stewing is finished, and adjusting the pH value of the mixture to 7.5 by dropwise adding an ice acetic acid solution into the mixture;
step two: selecting a ganoderma lucidum planting greenhouse, selecting a greenhouse with good ventilation and convenient drainage and irrigation, selecting a ganoderma lucidum planting ground, scattering a layer of lime powder with the thickness of about 2mm on the ground, uniformly scattering a mixture of cottonseed hulls, rice bran, soybean flour, sugar and gypsum which are uniformly mixed and tightly put on the lime powder ground, covering a layer of plastic film on the lime powder and the mixture, fixing and sealing the plastic film through soil, sealing the mixture in the plastic film for one to three days until the mixture in the plastic film is within the environment temperature of 40-50 ℃, and maintaining the temperature for one to three days, wherein all mixed bacteria in the mixture germinate into nutrients;
step three: placing the mixture into a high-pressure polypropylene bag, placing the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture into a high-pressure steam furnace for high-pressure sterilization, turning over the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture every three hours in the sterilization process, fully sterilizing the outer surface of the high-pressure polypropylene bag, and cooling the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture within ten minutes after high-pressure steam sterilization until the mixture is cooled to 25 ℃;
step four: opening one end of a high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture, ensuring the opening smoothness as much as possible, clamping the block strains by using tweezers, putting the strains into the mixture through the circular opening at one end of the high-pressure polypropylene bag, before clamping the block strains, putting workers into a disinfection chamber for sterilization and disinfection treatment, then wearing protective clothing, and clamping the block strains by using the tweezers with hands without using the sterile gloves for inoculation, so as to ensure that the strains cannot be mixed into mixed bacteria during inoculation to influence the later growth of the ganoderma lucidum;
step five: digging a groove with the depth flush with the high-pressure polypropylene bags in the ganoderma lucidum greenhouse, arranging the inoculated high-pressure polypropylene bags filled with the mixture and the bulk strains in the groove in sequence, filling soil in gaps among the high-pressure polypropylene bags, and adding probiotic stock solution, insecticide and farmyard manure to the ganoderma lucidum planted in the planting area in the groove by fixed-point adding equipment to enhance the metabolism of the ganoderma lucidum after planting is finished, so that the root system of the ganoderma lucidum is developed, and the growth of the ganoderma lucidum is accelerated.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the cotton seed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum are 70% and 25% respectively in the mixture, 1.5% respectively, the water content of the mixture is controlled to be 55-70% respectively after the mixture is mixed, the sterilized high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture and cooled is sent into an inoculation chamber to be cooled, the inoculation chamber is in a sterile environment, and the phenomenon that the sterilized mixture enters mixed bacteria to affect the growth of the ganoderma lucidum in the later period is avoided.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the fixed-point adding equipment in the fifth step comprises a bottom plate 1, a rectangular opening is formed in the bottom plate 1, two third fixing plates 20 are fixed to the top of the bottom plate 1, first connecting plates 4 are obliquely fixed to the tops of the two third fixing plates 20, a stirring mechanism is arranged between the two first connecting plates 4, a transverse plate 7 is fixed to the side face of each third fixing plate 20, an adding mechanism is arranged at the bottom of each transverse plate 7, the adding mechanism is located in the rectangular opening formed in the bottom plate 1, and a flattening mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the rectangular opening formed in the bottom plate 1.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring barrel 3 fixed between two first connecting plates 4, a protective shell 6 is arranged at the bottom of the stirring barrel 3, a motor is arranged in the protective shell 6, an output shaft of the motor is inserted into the stirring barrel 3 and is connected with a rotating shaft 21, a connecting rod 22 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft 21, a scraper 23 is arranged at the end part of the connecting rod 22, a gap is reserved between the scraper 23 and the inner wall of the stirring barrel 3, a stirring rod 24 is fixed on the inner wall of the stirring barrel 3, the stirring rod 24 and the connecting rod 22 are arranged in a mutually crossed way, the output shaft of the motor drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate, can make connecting rod 22 and puddler 24 carry out the homogeneous mixing stirring to probiotic stoste, farmyard manure and insect repellant in the agitator 3, scraper blade 23 can be scraped clearly to probiotic stoste, farmyard manure and the insect repellant that the inner wall of agitator 3 is infected with, avoids its probiotic stoste, farmyard manure and insect repellant adhesion at the agitator inner wall.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, a water inlet 15 and a feed inlet 16 are formed in the top of a stirring barrel 3, a water outlet 8 and a discharge outlet 9 are formed in the bottom of the stirring barrel 3, the discharge outlet 9 is communicated with an adding mechanism through a conveying pipe, uniformly mixed probiotic stock solution, farmyard manure and insect repellent are conveyed into the adding mechanism through the discharge outlet 9 and the conveying pipe, nutrition required by growth of lucid ganoderma is added through the adding mechanism, the farmyard manure is not damaged to ecology, planting of the lucid ganoderma is more ecological and environment-friendly, clear water added into the stirring barrel 3 to clean the stirring barrel 3 through the water inlet 15 is matched with a scraper 23 to scrape the inner wall of the stirring barrel 3, the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent attached to the inner wall of the stirring barrel 3 can be thoroughly removed, and cleanliness of the inner wall of the stirring barrel 3 is ensured.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the second fixing plate 5 is fixed on the outer wall of the stirring barrel 3, the second fixing plate 5 is fixed on the side surface of the third fixing plate 20, the second fixing plate 5 and the third fixing plate 20 can provide supporting force for the stirring barrel 3, the problem that the stirring barrel 3 is unstable due to the fact that the stirring barrel 3 is supported only by the first connecting plate 4 is avoided, the stability of the stirring barrel 3 during operation and stirring is improved, the inner top wall of the stirring barrel 3 is provided with a mounting groove, a bearing is installed in the mounting groove, the end part of the rotating shaft 21 is installed in the inner ring of the bearing, and the bearing can provide supporting and guiding effects for the rotating shaft 21.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the adding mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder 17 arranged at the bottom of the transverse plate 7, a fixing rod 19 is fixed at the tail end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17, a connecting frame 26 is fixed on the outer wall of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17, a material receiving disc 28 is fixed at the end part of the connecting frame 26, a fixed cylinder 14 is fixed at the bottom part of the material receiving disc 28, a circle of material injecting holes 29 are formed in the fixed cylinder 14, the material injecting holes 29 are communicated with the material receiving disc 28, a quick connector 27 is communicated with the top part of the material receiving disc 28, the end part of a conveying pipe is communicated with the quick connector 27, a support rod 25 is fixed on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder 17, the bottom end of the support rod 25 extends to a position between the connecting frame 26 and the hydraulic cylinder 17, the fixed cylinder 14 can be deeply inserted into soil by pushing the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17 to retract, the columnar soil in the fixed cylinder 14 can be separated from the ground, and the probiotic raw liquid can be injected through the circle of material injecting holes 29 formed in the fixed cylinder 14, In the cylinder hole that forms when farmyard manure and insect repellant injected into solid fixed cylinder 14 and deepened ground, can be directly with the probiotic stoste, farmyard manure and insect repellant add the root position to the glossy ganoderma, the glossy ganoderma absorbs the nutrition of being convenient for, accelerate the metabolism of glossy ganoderma and the root system growth of clamp splice glossy ganoderma, and the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder 17 drives the column earth in solid fixed cylinder 14 and moves upward when retracting, column earth drops to subaerial column downthehole in solid fixed cylinder 14 under the effect of the blocking of bracing piece 25, when realizing the required probiotic stoste of glossy ganoderma growth, the fixed point of farmyard manure and insect repellant adds, can guarantee again to add the integrality of the ground earth after finishing.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the bottom end of the supporting rod 25 is fixed with the fixing block, the fixing block can increase the contact area between the bottom end of the supporting rod 25 and the columnar soil brought out from the fixing cylinder 14, the columnar soil can be more efficiently separated from the fixing cylinder 14 under the blocking action of the supporting rod 25 and the fixing block, the bottom of the outer wall of the fixing cylinder 14 is provided with an inclined curved surface inclined inwards, the bottom end of the fixing rod 19 is fixed with the conical block 18, the conical block 18 can increase the lifting effect of the fixing rod 19 on the columnar soil, the conical block 18 can limit the soil between the outer wall of the fixing rod 19 and the fixing cylinder 14, the fixing cylinder 14 is conveniently driven to lift the columnar soil therein to be separated from the ground soil when moving upwards, and the conical block 18 and the fixing rod 19 are both positioned in the fixing cylinder 14.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the rolling mechanism comprises a mounting plate 11 fixed on the inner wall of a rectangular opening formed in the bottom plate 1, two second connecting plates 12 are fixed at the bottom of the mounting plate 11, a roller 13 matched with the fixed cylinder 14 is rotatably mounted between the two second connecting plates 12 through a pin shaft, the rolling curved surface of the roller 13 is larger than the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder 14, the bottom of the rolling curved surface of the roller 13 is flush with the bottom of the fixed cylinder 14, the roller 13 can roll the ground on which the probiotic stock solution, farmyard manure and insect repellent are added by the adding mechanism, and the flatness of the ground on which the probiotic stock solution, farmyard manure and insect repellent are added by the adding mechanism can be ensured.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the bottom of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a walking wheel 10, the walking wheel 10 can facilitate the pushing of the device to walk, the side surface of the bottom plate 1 is obliquely and fixedly provided with a first fixing plate 2, the side surface of the first fixing plate 2 is provided with a handle, and the handle can facilitate a user to hold the device to push the device to move.
Stirring and mixing cottonseed hulls, rice bran, soybean meal, sugar and gypsum in a planting process of the lucid ganoderma, putting the mixture in a charging barrel after uniformly mixing, performing primary reverse stacking on the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum which are put in the charging barrel after uniformly mixing, fully sterilizing the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum, measuring the pH value of the mixture of the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum after finishing the putting, adjusting the pH value of the mixture to 7.5 by dripping glacial acetic acid solution into the mixture, selecting a lucid ganoderma planting greenhouse, selecting a greenhouse which is good in ventilation and convenient to drain and irrigate, selecting a lucid ganoderma planting ground, scattering a layer of lime powder with the thickness of about 2mm on the ground, uniformly mixing and putting the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and gypsum after uniformly mixing and pressing uniformly on the lime powder, covering a layer of plastic film on the lime powder and the mixture, fixing and sealing the plastic film through soil, sealing the mixture in the plastic film for one to three days until the mixture in the plastic film is in an environment temperature of 40-50 ℃, and maintaining the temperature for one to three days, wherein all mixed bacteria in the mixture germinate into nutriments; placing the mixture into a high-pressure polypropylene bag, placing the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture into a high-pressure steam furnace for high-pressure sterilization, turning over the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture every three hours in the sterilization process, fully sterilizing the outer surface of the high-pressure polypropylene bag, and cooling the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture within ten minutes after high-pressure steam sterilization until the mixture is cooled to 25 ℃; opening one end of a high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture, ensuring the opening smoothness as much as possible, clamping the block strains by using tweezers, putting the strains into the mixture through the circular opening at one end of the high-pressure polypropylene bag, before clamping the block strains, putting workers into a disinfection chamber for sterilization and disinfection treatment, then wearing protective clothing, and clamping the block strains by using the tweezers with hands without using the sterile gloves for inoculation, so as to ensure that the strains cannot be mixed into mixed bacteria during inoculation to influence the later growth of the ganoderma lucidum; excavating a groove with the depth flush with the high-pressure polypropylene bags in the ganoderma lucidum greenhouse, sequentially arranging the inoculated high-pressure polypropylene bags filled with the mixture and the bulk strains in the groove, filling soil in gaps among the high-pressure polypropylene bags, and adding probiotic stock solution, insecticide and farmyard manure to ganoderma lucidum planted in a planting area in the groove through fixed-point adding equipment after planting to enhance the metabolism of the ganoderma lucidum, promote the development of the root system of the ganoderma lucidum and accelerate the growth of the ganoderma lucidum; through stirring cottonseed hull, rice bran, soybean meal, sugar and gypsum and mixing and replace the basswood that uses in traditional glossy ganoderma plants, the glossy ganoderma need not use the basswood to inoculate at the planting in-process, the waste of basswood has been reduced, improve the ecological environmental protection nature to the glossy ganoderma planting in-process, and do not use the basswood to inoculate the glossy ganoderma, need clear away remaining basswood's problem when avoiding planting the glossy ganoderma in the second season, reduce the work load of grower, improve the planting efficiency to the glossy ganoderma.
Before the fixed-point adding equipment is used, firstly, a proper amount of probiotic stock solution, insecticide and farmyard manure are filled into a stirring tank 3, a motor is started, an output shaft of the motor drives a rotating shaft 21 to rotate, a connecting rod 22 and a stirring rod 24 can be used for uniformly mixing and stirring the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and insect repellent in the stirring tank 3, the connecting rod 22 can drive a scraper 23 to rotate in the rotating process, the scraper 23 can be used for scraping the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent which are stained on the inner wall of the stirring tank 3, the adhesion of the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent to the inner wall of the stirring tank 3 is avoided, a second fixing plate 2 is pushed by a handle to enable a bottom plate 1 to move to a position where the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent need to be added to lucid ganoderma under the action of a traveling wheel 10, a hydraulic cylinder 17 is started, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17 pushes a fixing cylinder 14 and a fixing rod 19 to move downwards to the ground, the operation is stopped until the fixed cylinder 14 extends to a proper depth of the ground, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17 retracts to drive the conical block 18 which fixes the bottom ends of the fixed cylinder 14, the fixed rod 19 and the fixed rod 19 to move upwards, the conical block 18 can increase the lifting effect of the fixed rod 19 on columnar soil, the conical block 18 can limit the soil between the outer wall of the fixed rod 19 and the fixed cylinder 14, so that the columnar soil between the outer wall of the fixed rod 19 and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 14 is driven to move upwards to be separated from the soil on the ground when the fixed cylinder 14 and the fixed rod 19 move upwards, the columnar soil between the outer wall of the fixed rod 19 and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 14 moves upwards to a proper position, probiotic stock solution, farmyard manure and insect repellent which are uniformly mixed in the stirring box 3 are conveyed into the material receiving disc 28 through the discharge hole 9 and the conveying pipe, the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent conveyed into the material receiving disc 28 enter the outer wall of the fixed rod 19 and the fixed cylinder 14 through a circle of material injection holes 29 formed in the fixed cylinder 14 The fixed-point addition of the probiotic stock solution, farmyard manure and insect repellent required by the growth of the lucid ganoderma is completed below the columnar soil between the inner walls, the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent can be directly added to the root position of the lucid ganoderma, so that the lucid ganoderma can absorb nutrition conveniently, the metabolism of the lucid ganoderma is accelerated, the root system growth of the lucid ganoderma is accelerated, the planting of the lucid ganoderma is more ecological and environment-friendly, the farmyard manure does not damage the ecology, after the addition of the probiotic stock solution, the farmyard manure and the insect repellent is finished, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17 retracts, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17 drives the columnar soil in the fixed cylinder 14 to move upwards while retracting, the columnar soil falls from the fixed cylinder 14 into a columnar hole on the ground under the blocking effect of the supporting rod 25, the roller 13 is driven to advance while advancing through the device, the roller 13 rolls the ground while advancing, and can ensure the completeness and smoothness of the ground soil after the addition is finished, the problem of traditional mode when adding probiotic stoste, farmyard manure and repellent to glossy ganoderma not accurate enough is solved, reduce the waste to probiotic stoste, farmyard manure and repellent, practiced thrift the resource.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ecological planting method of the lucid ganoderma is characterized by comprising the following planting steps:
the method comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum, uniformly mixing, then placing in a charging barrel for stewing, performing primary reverse stacking on the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum which are placed in the charging barrel for stewing every two to three hours, fully sterilizing the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum, measuring the pH value of a mixture of the cottonseed hulls, the rice bran, the soybean meal, the sugar and the gypsum after stewing is finished, and adjusting the pH value of the mixture to 7.5 by dropwise adding an ice acetic acid solution into the mixture;
step two: selecting a ganoderma lucidum planting greenhouse, selecting a ganoderma lucidum planting ground, scattering a layer of lime powder with the thickness of about 2mm on the ground, uniformly scattering the uniformly and tightly mixed cottonseed hulls, rice bran, soybean meal, sugar and gypsum mixture on the lime powder ground, covering a layer of plastic film on the lime powder and the mixture, fixing and sealing the plastic film through soil, sealing the mixture in the plastic film for one to three days until the mixture in the plastic film is within the environmental temperature of 40-50 ℃, and maintaining the temperature for one to three days, wherein all mixed bacteria in the mixture germinate into nutrients;
step three: placing the mixture into a high-pressure polypropylene bag, placing the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture into a high-pressure steam furnace for high-pressure sterilization, turning over the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture every three hours in the sterilization process, fully sterilizing the outer surface of the high-pressure polypropylene bag, and cooling the high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture within ten minutes after high-pressure steam sterilization until the mixture is cooled to 25 ℃;
step four: opening one end of a high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture, ensuring the opening smoothness as much as possible, clamping the block strains by using tweezers, putting the strains into the mixture through the circular opening at one end of the high-pressure polypropylene bag, before clamping the block strains, putting workers into a disinfection chamber for sterilization and disinfection treatment, then wearing protective clothing, and clamping the block strains by using the tweezers with hands to inoculate the sterile bags;
step five: excavating a groove with the depth flush with the high-pressure polypropylene bags in the ganoderma lucidum greenhouse, sequentially arranging the inoculated high-pressure polypropylene bags filled with the mixture and the bulk strains in the groove, filling soil in gaps among the high-pressure polypropylene bags, and adding probiotic stock solution, insecticide and farmyard manure to the ganoderma lucidum planted in the planting area in the groove through fixed-point adding equipment after planting.
2. The ecological planting method of ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixture comprises 70% of cotton seed hulls, 25% of rice bran, 2% of soybean flour, 1.5% of sugar and 1.5% of gypsum, the water content is controlled to be 55% to 70% after the mixture is mixed, the sterilized high-pressure polypropylene bag filled with the mixture and subjected to cooling treatment is sent into an inoculation room for cooling, and the inoculation room is in a sterile environment.
3. The ecological planting method of lucid ganoderma according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixed-point adding equipment in the fifth step comprises a bottom plate (1), a rectangular opening is formed in the bottom plate (1), two third fixing plates (20) are fixed to the top of the bottom plate (1), first connecting plates (4) are obliquely fixed to the tops of the two third fixing plates (20), a stirring mechanism is arranged between the two first connecting plates (4), transverse plates (7) are fixed to the side faces of the third fixing plates (20), an adding mechanism is arranged at the bottoms of the transverse plates (7), the adding mechanism is located in the rectangular opening formed in the bottom plate (1), and a flattening mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the rectangular opening formed in the bottom plate (1).
4. The ecological planting method of lucid ganoderma according to claim 3, wherein the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring barrel (3) fixed between two first connecting plates (4), a protective shell (6) is installed at the bottom of the stirring barrel (3), a motor is installed in the protective shell (6), an output shaft of the motor is inserted into the stirring barrel (3) and is connected with a rotating shaft (21), a connecting rod (22) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (21), a scraping plate (23) is installed at the end of the connecting rod (22), a gap is reserved between the scraping plate (23) and the inner wall of the stirring barrel (3), stirring rods (24) are fixed to the inner wall of the stirring barrel (3), and the stirring rods (24) and the connecting rod (22) are arranged in a mutually crossed manner.
5. The ecological planting method of lucid ganoderma according to claim 4, wherein a water inlet (15) and a feed inlet (16) are formed in the top of the stirring barrel (3), a water outlet (8) and a discharge outlet (9) are formed in the bottom of the stirring barrel (3), and the discharge outlet (9) is communicated with the adding mechanism through a conveying pipe.
6. The ecological planting method of ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 4, wherein a second fixing plate (5) is fixed on the outer wall of the stirring barrel (3), the second fixing plate (5) is fixed on the side surface of the third fixing plate (20), an installation groove is formed in the top wall of the stirring barrel (3), a bearing is installed in the installation groove, and the end part of the rotating shaft (21) is installed on the inner ring of the bearing.
7. The ecological planting method of lucid ganoderma according to claim 5, wherein the adding mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder (17) installed at the bottom of a transverse plate (7), a fixing rod (19) is fixed at the tail end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (17), a connecting frame (26) is fixed on the outer wall of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (17), a material receiving disc (28) is fixed at the end of the connecting frame (26), a fixed cylinder (14) is fixed at the bottom of the material receiving disc (28), a circle of material injecting holes (29) are formed in the fixed cylinder (14), the material injecting holes (29) are communicated with the material receiving disc (28), a quick connector (27) is communicated with the top of the material receiving disc (28), the end of a conveying pipe is communicated with the quick connector (27), a supporting rod (25) is fixed on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder (17), and the bottom end of the supporting rod (25) extends to a position between the connecting frame (26) and the hydraulic cylinder (17).
8. The ecological planting method of ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 7, wherein a fixing block is fixed at the bottom end of the supporting rod (25), an inclined curved surface inclining inwards is formed at the bottom of the outer wall of the fixing cylinder (14), a conical block (18) is fixed at the bottom end of the fixing rod (19), and the conical block (18) and the fixing rod (19) are both positioned in the fixing cylinder (14).
9. The ecological planting method of lucid ganoderma according to claim 8, wherein the rolling mechanism comprises a mounting plate (11) fixed on the inner wall of a rectangular opening formed in the bottom plate (1), two second connecting plates (12) are fixed at the bottom of the mounting plate (11), a roller (13) matched with the fixed cylinder (14) is rotatably mounted between the two second connecting plates (12) through a pin shaft, the rolling curved surface of the roller (13) is larger than the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder (14), and the bottom of the rolling curved surface of the roller (13) is flush with the bottom of the fixed cylinder (14).
10. The ecological planting method of lucid ganoderma according to claim 3, wherein walking wheels (10) are installed at the bottom of the bottom plate (1), the first fixing plate (2) is obliquely fixed on the side surface of the bottom plate (1), and a handle is installed on the side surface of the first fixing plate (2).
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