CN114097385B - Novel oblique opposed disc type fertilizer scraping and side throwing device - Google Patents
Novel oblique opposed disc type fertilizer scraping and side throwing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114097385B CN114097385B CN202111252497.2A CN202111252497A CN114097385B CN 114097385 B CN114097385 B CN 114097385B CN 202111252497 A CN202111252497 A CN 202111252497A CN 114097385 B CN114097385 B CN 114097385B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C17/00—Fertilisers or seeders with centrifugal wheels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel oblique opposed disc type fertilizer scraping and side throwing device, which comprises: side throwing support frame, main fertile device, spill fertile chamber plugging device and assist and throw the device. The main fertilizer spreading device comprises two opposite disc mounting frames, fertilizer spreading discs are respectively mounted on the two disc mounting frames, a novel fertilizer scraping plate is respectively arranged on each fertilizer spreading disc, and the novel fertilizer scraping plates on the two fertilizer spreading discs are arranged in a staggered mode in different phases; the fertilizer scraping depth of the novel fertilizer scraping plate is gradually increased from the center to the outer periphery of the fertilizer spreading disc to form a wide-bottom epitaxial fertilizer scraping plate; the lower part that assists the device of throwing is close to fertilizer and spills the exit is carried out the secondary and is broken up the throwing to the fertilizer that falls to near, spills fertile device cooperation through assisting the device of throwing and mainly uses, wholly improves the effect of spilling of fertilizer for this device has throw homogeneity good, throw apart long, fertilizer holding capacity is big and can effectively avoid advantages such as bold stereoplasm impurity jam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a novel oblique opposite disc type fertilizer scraping and side throwing device.
Background
At present, most of organic fertilizer spreading machines developed at home and abroad are of a rear spreading type, spreading devices are uniformly distributed at the rear part of the machine, compared with the rear spreading type, the side spreading type organic fertilizer spreading machine has higher design and manufacturing difficulty and special requirements on feeding, but has strong controllability of side spreading operation, wide application and large coverage area of single operation, can realize fertilization on special environments such as small plots, fruit forests and the like without entering fields, can complete all work realized by the rear spreading type organic fertilizer spreading machine, and has obvious advantages. Several side-throwing type throwing machines have been developed at home and abroad, but the respective problems limit the large-scale use and popularization of an ideal side-throwing type throwing form.
The patent number CN108513764B discloses an inclined opposite disc side-throwing type organic fertilizer spreader, which comprises a main fertilizer spreading device arranged on the side part of a carriage, wherein the main fertilizer spreading device comprises a disc mounting frame, a left fertilizer spreading disc, a right fertilizer spreading disc and a flow guide cover, the left fertilizer spreading disc and the right fertilizer spreading disc are obliquely and oppositely arranged on the disc mounting frame, and fertilizer scraping plates are respectively arranged on the left fertilizer spreading disc and the right fertilizer spreading disc; when the device works, the power device drives the left fertilizer spreading disk and the right fertilizer spreading disk to rotate simultaneously, fertilizer is scattered under the action of the fertilizer scraping plate, and the fertilizer is obliquely installed to reduce a scattering surface. The device can realize the side direction fertilization of broadcast seeder through the device of shedding who installs in the carriage lateral part, but present side throwing formula is shed fertilizer along the side direction of machines advancing direction and is thrown out, can realize the side throwing formula design, but this structure still has the ejection homogeneity poor, throw distance short, fertilizer holding capacity is little, material jam scheduling problem. In order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to design a novel inclined opposed disk scattering device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a novel inclined opposite disc type fertilizer scraping and side throwing device which has the advantages of reasonable design, good throwing uniformity, long throwing distance and large fertilizer containing capacity and can effectively avoid blockage of large hard impurities.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: novel fertile side of scraping of slope opposition disc type is thrown device includes:
the side throwing support frame is used as a direct or indirect mounting base body of the following devices;
the main fertilizer spreading device is used for realizing the lateral spreading of fertilizer and comprises two opposite disc mounting frames which are obliquely arranged in an inverted splayed shape, and angle adjusting devices for adjusting the inclination angles of the disc mounting frames are respectively arranged between the two disc mounting frames and the lateral spreading support frame; fertilizer spreading disks and disk power devices for respectively driving the two fertilizer spreading disks to rotate are respectively installed on the two disk mounting frames, the two fertilizer spreading disks are obliquely and oppositely arranged in an inverted splayed shape, at least three novel fertilizer scraping plates are respectively and circumferentially arranged on each fertilizer spreading disk, and the novel fertilizer scraping plates on the two fertilizer spreading disks are arranged in a staggered manner in different phases; the fertilizer scraping depth of the novel fertilizer scraping plate is gradually increased from the center to the periphery of the fertilizer spreading disc to form a wide-bottom epitaxial fertilizer scraping plate;
the fertilizer spreading cavity blocking device is arranged on the main fertilizer spreading device, so that a closed spreading cavity for accommodating fertilizers is formed in the main fertilizer spreading device, a fertilizer feeding inlet of the closed spreading cavity is formed in the top of the main fertilizer spreading device, and a fertilizer spreading outlet of the closed spreading cavity is formed in the front side of the main fertilizer spreading device;
and the auxiliary casting device is arranged outside the closed casting cavity and close to the lower part of the fertilizer casting outlet, the periphery of the auxiliary casting device is tangent to the excircle of the fertilizer casting disc, and the auxiliary casting device is used for secondarily scattering and casting the fertilizer which falls to the near place.
As preferred technical scheme, the epitaxial scraper blade of wide end is including installing scrape on the fertile disc installation base, scrape fertile board installation base with it scrapes fertile board adjusting device to be provided with between the fertile disc to spill, it scrapes fertile material pushing riser to install the scraping that is used for promoting fertilizer rotary motion on the fertile board installation base, it pushes away the high edge of material pushing riser to scrape fertile the center that spills fertile disc increases gradually to the periphery and forms interior narrow outer wide trapezium structure, it is provided with scraping plate top seal board to scrape fertile top that pushes away the material riser.
As the preferred technical scheme, scrape fertile board adjusting device including setting up scrape two base bar long slot holes on the fertile board installation base, spill fertile disc on be provided with one of them base bar long slot hole corresponds complex disc location mounting hole, spill fertile disc on still be provided with another base bar long slot hole corresponds complex disc regulation arc slotted hole, base bar long slot hole with between the disc location mounting hole base bar long slot hole with adjust through bolt fixed mounting between the arc slotted hole.
As an optimized technical scheme, the auxiliary throwing device comprises a throwing roller shaft which is rotatably installed on the side throwing support frame, the throwing roller shaft is horizontally arranged, an auxiliary throwing roller wheel for realizing secondary scattering and throwing of near fertilizer is fixedly installed in the middle of the throwing roller shaft, the auxiliary throwing roller wheel and the lower part of the fertilizer throwing outlet are correspondingly used for increasing the throwing angle of the near fertilizer, the periphery of the auxiliary throwing roller wheel is tangent to the excircle of the fertilizer spreading disc, and a throwing roller wheel power device for driving the auxiliary throwing roller wheel to rotate is installed between the side throwing support frame and the throwing roller shaft.
As a preferable technical scheme, an upper guide plate is arranged outside the closed scattering cavity on the side scattering support frame, and the upper guide plate and the top end of the fertilizer scattering outlet are correspondingly used for guiding fertilizer and controlling the maximum scattering angle of the fertilizer.
As a preferred technical scheme, a throwing angle control baffle is arranged outside the closed throwing cavity on the side throwing support frame, and the throwing angle control baffle blocks the bottom end of the fertilizer throwing outlet and is used for controlling the minimum throwing angle of the fertilizer.
As preferred technical scheme, spill fertile chamber plugging device is including installing respectively two the top guide plate on disc mounting bracket top, two the top guide plate is the splayed slope and arranges and have the clearance between both tops and form fertilizer pan feeding import, two install back striker plate, two between the rear side of disc mounting bracket open between the front side of disc mounting bracket and form fertilizer spills the export, two the top guide plate back striker plate and two the cooperation of disc mounting bracket forms and is used for holding fertilizer seal and spills the cavity.
As a preferred technical scheme, the bottom ends of the two disk mounting frames are respectively hinged to the side-throwing support frame, and the top ends of the disk mounting frames are respectively hinged to the side-throwing support frame through the angle adjusting device; the angle adjusting device is an adjusting pull rod, one end of the adjusting pull rod is hinged to the top end of the side throwing support frame, and the other end of the adjusting pull rod is hinged to the lower portion of the disc mounting frame.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the device works, fertilizer is conveyed to the upper part of the main fertilizer spreading device from a bin of a semi-trailer agricultural vehicle chassis through a rake chain and falls into the main fertilizer spreading device, the fertilizer can be ensured to smoothly enter the main fertilizer spreading device through the fertilizer cavity blocking device in the falling process of the fertilizer, the fertilizer is prevented from leaking in the falling process, after the fertilizer enters the main fertilizer spreading device, the fertilizer is laterally spread through the rotation operation of the main fertilizer spreading device, the main fertilizer spreading device is used as a main component for laterally spreading the fertilizer and is used for ensuring that the fertilizer has a better spreading angle, a better scattering angle and a better projection distance, and meanwhile, in order to further improve the spreading angle and the projection distance of the fertilizer falling nearby, the auxiliary projection device is additionally arranged and is used as an auxiliary component for carrying out secondary scattering and projection on the fertilizer falling nearby, and the auxiliary projection device is matched with the main fertilizer spreading device for use, so that the fertilizer spreading effect of the fertilizer is integrally improved; the invention has the following specific beneficial effects:
1. the novel fertilizer scraping plates on the two fertilizer spreading disks are arranged in a staggered manner in different phases, namely the novel fertilizer scraping plates on the left fertilizer spreading disk and the novel fertilizer scraping plates on the right fertilizer spreading disk are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the novel fertilizer scraping plates on the left side and the novel fertilizer scraping plates on the right side can be prevented from moving to the bottom end simultaneously, namely when the novel fertilizer scraping plates on the left side move to the bottom end, the novel fertilizer scraping plates on the right side cannot move to the bottom end, the novel fertilizer scraping plates on the left side and the right side cannot generate interference collision, massive hard impurities or fertilizers can be accommodated, the phenomenon that the fertilizer scraping plates are clamped by massive hard materials is avoided, the rigid impact of the fertilizer scraping plates and the inner structure of a material cavity is prevented, and the safety of equipment is ensured; meanwhile, the distance between the two novel fertilizer scraping plates can be set to be closer, the two novel fertilizer scraping plates alternately run to the bottom end and can contact the fertilizer in the middle of the bottom end, so that a fertilizer blind area in the prior art can be effectively avoided, and the fertilizer at the bottom end can be controlled by the fertilizer scraping plates; in addition, after the left fertilizer scraping plate laterally throws the fertilizer at the bottom end, the fertilizer can be thrown to the next side along with the movement of the right fertilizer scraping plate to the bottom end, so that compared with the same-phase arrangement mode in the prior art, the staggered arrangement of the different phases improves the frequency of fertilizer lateral throwing by one time, the fertilizer discharging speed is high, and the continuity of fertilizer throwing is good. The fertilizer scraping plates arranged in different phases can also stagger the vibration phases of the two rotating parts, so that the overall amplitude is reduced, and the stability of equipment is improved;
2. the wide-bottom epitaxial fertilizer scraping plates installed in different phases can enable the widened parts not to interfere and collide, meanwhile, the design of widening the tail ends of the fertilizer scraping plates can effectively control uncontrolled fertilizer between the two opposite fertilizer scraping plates, and the fertilizer containing capacity is increased, so that the fertilizer applying efficiency is improved. Along with the rotation of the wide-bottom extension fertilizer scraping plate around the axis, the extension part can scrape a convex part formed by the rotation of the rectangular fertilizer scraping plate into a cylindrical cavity to sweep away guide obstacles on a fertilizer throwing path;
3. the fertilizer scraping depth of the novel fertilizer scraping plate is gradually increased from the center to the outer periphery of the fertilizer spreading disc to form a wide-bottom epitaxial fertilizer scraping plate, compared with jet flow thrown by a rectangular fertilizer scraping plate, the wide-bottom epitaxial fertilizer scraping plate has a smaller scattering angle, narrow jet flow is formed, the effective throwing distance is far larger than the width of a vehicle body, and walking, throwing and covering are uniform;
4. the auxiliary casting roller wheel is arranged below the front end of the main fertilizer casting device, namely, the auxiliary casting roller wheel corresponds to the lower portion of the fertilizer casting outlet, the fertilizer is separated from the fertilizer casting disc and is discharged from the fertilizer casting outlet, at the moment, materials with higher casting angles can cross the auxiliary casting roller wheel and are cast to the ground from the upper portion, the materials with smaller casting angles can contact or fall to the auxiliary casting roller wheel, at the moment, along with the rotation of the auxiliary casting roller wheel, the fertilizer falling to the auxiliary casting roller wheel can be cast to the ground at a larger casting angle, the fertilizer is prevented from falling to a nearby place due to the smaller casting angles, the casting angle of the nearby fertilizer can be improved through the auxiliary casting roller wheel, the secondary casting of the material is achieved, meanwhile, the adhered massive materials contact the auxiliary casting roller wheel and can be cast and scattered, then the casting is continued, the quantity of the agglomerated materials in the fertilizer is greatly reduced, the scattering effect is obvious, and the fertilizing quality and the fertilizing efficiency are improved. The auxiliary projecting device is used as an auxiliary component of the main fertilizer spreading device, and the auxiliary projecting device and the main fertilizer spreading device are matched for use, so that a better projecting effect can be formed.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a main fertilizer spreading device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the novel scraper plate of the present invention from a front view after installation;
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of the novel scraper plate of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the novel fertilizer scraping plate of the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of the novel screed plate of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a rear view of the novel scraping plate of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a side view of the novel scraping plate of the embodiment of the invention
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the installation effect of the throw-off angle control baffle and the upper deflector according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the effect of installation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the scattering angle and the throw distance after fertilizer is thrown according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the throw angle after fertilizer is thrown in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure:
100-side throwing the support frame;
200-a main fertilizer spreading device; 201-a disk mount; 202-adjusting the pull rod; 203-fertilizing disc; 204-disc power plant; 205-novel scraper; 205 a-a manure scraping plate mounting base; 205 b-scraping fertilizer pushing vertical plates; 205 c-a pusher plate top closing plate; 205 d-pusher plate stiffening ribs; 206-base strip-shaped long slot; 207-disc adjusting arc slotted hole;
300-a fertilizer spreading cavity plugging device; 301-a top baffle; 302-rear striker plate;
400-auxiliary ejection device; 401-casting roller shaft; 402-auxiliary throwing roller; 403-throwing roller power device;
500-semi-trailer type agricultural vehicle chassis;
600-an upper baffle;
700-throw-off angle control baffle.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples. In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration only. Needless to say, a person skilled in the art realizes that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive on the scope of the claims.
As shown in fig. 1 to 14, the novel inclined opposed disc type fertilizer scraping and side throwing device comprises a side throwing support frame 100, a main fertilizer spreading device 200, a fertilizer spreading cavity blocking device 300 and an auxiliary throwing device 400. Referring to fig. 14, which is a diagram illustrating the installation effect of the device, when the device is in operation, fertilizer is delivered from a bin of a chassis 500 of a semi-trailer type agricultural vehicle to the upper side of the main fertilizer spreading device 200 through a rake chain and falls into the main fertilizer spreading device 200, and during the falling of the fertilizer, the fertilizer is ensured to smoothly enter the main fertilizer spreading device 200 through the fertilizer cavity blocking device 300, so as to prevent the fertilizer from leaking out during the falling, after the fertilizer enters the main fertilizer spreading device 200, the fertilizer is laterally spread through the rotation operation of the main fertilizer spreading device 200, and therefore, the main fertilizer spreading device 200 serves as a main component for laterally spreading the fertilizer, so as to ensure that the fertilizer has a good spreading angle, a scattering angle and a casting distance, and in order to further improve the spreading angle and the casting distance of the fertilizer, the auxiliary casting device 400 is additionally arranged, and the auxiliary component 400 serves as an auxiliary component for secondarily spreading and spraying the fertilizer to be spread to a close place, and together with the main fertilizer spreading device 200, so as to integrally improve the casting effect of the fertilizer.
Referring to fig. 15 and 16, in order to analyze the principle of the throw angle, the scattering angle and the throw distance of the fertilizer, the throw surface of the fertilizer on the ground is analyzed, and since the side throwing device realizes the side throwing by the inclined upper throwing, one can be seen from the top to the bottomA fan-like projectile surface, see fig. 15 for a top view angle and fig. 16 for a side view angle, where v 0 The speed of the fertilizer when leaving the scattering device; delta z Is the maximum throw-off included angle region; delta max Is the maximum throw-off included angle; delta min Is the minimum throw-away included angle; beta is a scattering angle; and L is the casting distance. Above each parameter is as the main index that influences the effect of throwing because this device designs each parameter through structural design, reaches better effect of throwing.
Referring to fig. 14, the device is mounted at the rear suspension position of a semi-trailer agricultural vehicle chassis 500 through a hanging plate on the side throwing support frame 100, and the side throwing support frame 100 is used as a direct or indirect mounting base body of the following devices and mainly plays a role in supporting and mounting.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the main fertilizer spreading device 200 is used for realizing lateral fertilizer spreading, and includes two opposite disc mounting frames 201 arranged in an inverted-splayed inclined manner, the disc mounting frames 201 serve as mounting base bodies of fertilizer spreading discs 203, and angle adjusting devices for adjusting the inclination angles of the disc mounting frames 201 are respectively arranged between the two disc mounting frames 201 and the lateral spreading support frame 100; the bottom ends of the two disc mounting frames 201 are respectively hinged to the side throwing support frame 100, and the top ends of the disc mounting frames 201 are respectively hinged to the side throwing support frame 100 through the angle adjusting device; the angle adjusting device is an adjusting pull rod 202, one end of the adjusting pull rod 202 is hinged to the top end of the side throwing support frame 100, and the other end of the adjusting pull rod 202 is hinged to the lower portion of the disc mounting frame 201. Through the extension or shortening of the adjusting pull rod 202, the disc mounting rack 201 can be driven to swing upwards or downwards, namely, the adjustment of the inclination angles of the disc mounting rack 201 and the fertilizer spreading disc 203 mounted on the disc mounting rack 201 is realized. The adjusting rod 202 may be replaced by a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, etc., which belong to the common knowledge in the art and are not described herein again. The opposite inclination angle of the fertilizer spreading disc 203 is controlled by the adjusting pull rod 202, so that the scattering angle of the fertilizer is controlled. The bottom end of the disc mounting frame 201 is connected to the side throwing support frame 100 through a bolt, when the bolt is loosened, the angle can be adjusted through the adjusting pull rod 202, and after the angle adjustment is completed, the bolt is screwed tightly to be fixed. Because the distance between two scraper can change at the in-process at regulation and spill fertile disc 203 inclination, can lead to two scraper to take place to interfere the collision when two scraper distances are too little between the fertile board, and the too big then can lead to middle fertilizer to appear uncontrollable problem of distance between two scraper when between two scraper, in order to obtain distance between the suitable two scraper, consequently the bottom of support frame 100 is thrown to the side is provided with rectangular hole, and the bolt can be followed rectangular hole and carried out the horizontal slip, thereby changes two distance between the disc mounting bracket 201 bottom.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, two fertilizer spreading disks 203 and two disk power devices 204 for driving the two fertilizer spreading disks 203 to rotate are respectively mounted on the two disk mounting frames 201, the disk power devices 204 may be speed reducers, and power from a chassis 500 of a semi-trailer agricultural vehicle is transmitted to the speed reducers through a sprocket chain, so as to drive the fertilizer spreading disks 203 to rotate. For convenience of distinguishing the two fertilizing disks 203, they are defined as a left fertilizing disk 203 and a right fertilizing disk 203. The two fertilizing disks 203 are arranged oppositely in an inverted splayed inclined manner, and the two fertilizing disks 203 can also be described as oppositely arranged in a V-shaped inclined manner. In this embodiment, four novel fertilizer scraping plates 205 are respectively circumferentially arranged on each fertilizer spreading disc 203, and certainly, the number of the novel fertilizer scraping plates 205 is not limited to four, and may be three, five, six or more, and the fertilizer spreading discs are designed according to actual needs, and only the number of the fertilizer scraping plates 205 is changed within the protection enclosure of the present invention. During operation, the two fertilizer spreading disks rotate towards the same side, namely the left fertilizer spreading disk rotates clockwise, and the right fertilizer spreading disk rotates anticlockwise.
In the prior art, the fertilizer scraping plates on the left fertilizer spreading disc 203 and the right fertilizer spreading disc 203 are symmetrically arranged, that is, the fertilizer scraping plates on the left and right fertilizer spreading discs 203 are arranged in phase one-to-one correspondence, by adopting the arrangement mode, the movement positions of the fertilizer scraping plates on the left and right sides are synchronous, in order to avoid interference collision when the fertilizer scraping plates on the left and right sides move to the bottom end simultaneously, the distance between the left fertilizer spreading disc 203 and the right fertilizer spreading disc 203 needs to be larger, that is, when the fertilizer scraping plates on the left and right sides move to the bottom end, a gap exists between the left and right fertilizer scraping plates, and when large block-shaped hard impurities or fertilizer pass through the bottom end, in order to avoid clamping the two fertilizer scraping plates and generating rigid impact, so that the damage of equipment is caused, the distance between the fertilizer scraping plates on the left and right sides needs to be increased, at this time, large block-shaped hard impurities or large block-shaped hard impurities can be accommodated, so that interference collision and damage of the equipment are avoided, but the fertilizer in the middle area between the two fertilizer scraping plates is controlled by the fertilizer scraping plates, and the fertilizer can not rotate and the fertilizer spreading plate laterally, so that the fertilizer exists at the bottom; in addition, after the left and right fertilizer scraping plates throw the fertilizer at the bottom end laterally, the next lateral throwing can be carried out only by waiting for the movement of the left and right fertilizer scraping plates to the bottom end, the fertilizer lateral throwing frequency is low, and the fertilizer discharging speed is low.
In order to solve the above technical problems caused by the arrangement of the fertilizer scraping plates in the prior art, in this embodiment, the novel fertilizer scraping plates 205 on the two fertilizer spreading disks 203 are arranged in a staggered manner in different phases, that is, the novel fertilizer scraping plates 205 on the left and right fertilizer spreading disks 203 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the arrangement mode is as shown in fig. 5, and this arrangement mode can prevent the novel fertilizer scraping plates 205 on the left side and the novel fertilizer scraping plates 205 on the right side from moving to the bottom end simultaneously, that is, when the novel fertilizer scraping plates 205 on the left side move to the bottom end, the novel fertilizer scraping plates 205 on the right side do not move to the bottom end yet, and at this time, the novel fertilizer scraping plates 205 on the left and right sides cannot generate interference collision, and can contain massive hard impurities or fertilizers, so that the large hard plates can be prevented from catching the fertilizer scraping plates, and the rigid impact of the internal structures of the fertilizer scraping plates and the material cavities can be prevented, and the safety of the equipment can be ensured; meanwhile, the distance between the two novel fertilizer scraping plates 205 can be set to be closer, the two novel fertilizer scraping plates alternately run to the bottom end and can contact the fertilizer in the middle of the bottom end, so that a fertilizer blind area in the prior art can be effectively avoided, and the fertilizer at the bottom end can be controlled by the fertilizer scraping plates; in addition, after the left fertilizer scraping plate laterally throws the fertilizer at the bottom end, the fertilizer can be thrown to the next side along with the movement of the right fertilizer scraping plate to the bottom end, so that compared with the same-phase arrangement mode in the prior art, the staggered arrangement in different phases improves the frequency of fertilizer lateral throwing by one time, the fertilizer discharging speed is high, and the fertilizer throwing continuity is good. The fertilizer scraping plates arranged in different phases can stagger vibration phases of the two rotating parts, so that the overall amplitude is reduced, and the stability of the equipment is improved.
The fertilizer scraping plates in the prior art are rectangular fertilizer scraping plates, namely, the fertilizer scraping depth is the same from the center of the fertilizer spreading disc 203 to the outside, and because the fertilizer scraping depth is always kept unchanged, the fertilizer in the middle area cannot be effectively controlled no matter the rectangular fertilizer scraping plates are installed in the same phase or in different phases, and meanwhile, a convex guide obstacle also exists between the left and right fertilizer scraping plates; in order to solve the problem, in the embodiment, the fertilizer scraping depth of the novel fertilizer scraping plate 205 is gradually increased from the center to the outer periphery of the fertilizer spreading disc 203 to form a wide-bottom extension fertilizer scraping plate. The wide-bottom epitaxial fertilizer scraping plates arranged in different phases can prevent interference and collision of the widened parts, and meanwhile, the design of widening the tail ends of the fertilizer scraping plates can effectively control uncontrolled fertilizer between the two opposite fertilizer scraping plates, so that the fertilizer containing capacity is increased, and the fertilizer application efficiency is improved. Along with the rotation of the wide-bottom extension fertilizer scraping plate around the axis, the extension part can scrape the convex part formed by the rotation of the rectangular fertilizer scraping plate into a cylindrical cavity to sweep away the guide obstacle on the fertilizer throwing path.
Referring to fig. 7 to 12, the wide-bottom epitaxial scraper includes a scraper mounting base 205a installed on the spreading disc 203, a scraper adjusting device is installed between the scraper mounting base 205a and the spreading disc 203, a scraper pushing riser 205b used for pushing the fertilizer to rotate is installed on the scraper mounting base 205a, the height of the scraper pushing riser 205b gradually increases from the center to the outer periphery of the spreading disc 203 to form a trapezoidal structure with a narrow inner portion and a wide outer portion, a pusher abutting plate 205c is installed at the top end of the scraper pushing riser 205b, the pusher abutting plate 205c is installed at one end of a pushing surface of the scraper pushing riser 205b, and a pusher reinforcing rib 205d is installed on a backing surface of the pusher abutting plate 205 c. Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the direct cause of affecting the scattering angle is v when the fertilizer particles leave the fertilizing apparatus 0y Is too large, and v 0y Is made by scrapingThe fertilizer plate rotates to drive fertilizer particles, so that a wide-base epitaxial fertilizer scraping plate is designed for obtaining a smaller scattering angle, the component speed of the fertilizer particles in the y-axis direction when the fertilizer particles are separated from the fertilizer spreading device is smaller than the component speed of the rectangular fertilizer scraping plate in the y-axis direction when the fertilizer particles are thrown, the fertilizer is thrown along the center line, and the scattering angle is reduced. In order to reduce the speed of the fertilizer in the y-axis direction, a straight line at the tail end of the fertilizer scraping plate is parallel to the ground, and a wide-bottom extension fertilizer scraping plate with the outer end widened is designed on a plane defined by the straight line and the central point of the disc. Compared with the jet flow thrown by the rectangular fertilizer scraping plate, the wide-bottom extension fertilizer scraping plate has a smaller scattering angle, a narrow jet flow is formed, the effective throwing distance is far larger than the width of a vehicle body, and the walking throwing and covering are uniform.
An inclination angle is formed between the fertilizer scraping and pushing vertical plate 205b and the fertilizer scraping and pushing plate mounting base 205a, referring to fig. 11 and 12, the fertilizer scraping and pushing vertical plate 205b is inclined backward from the fertilizer scraping and pushing plate mounting base 205a, so that fertilizer is not in vertical contact when contacting the pushing surface of the fertilizer scraping and pushing vertical plate 205b, at this time, the inclined pushing surface has a tendency of guiding the fertilizer to move from the bottom end to the top end of the fertilizer scraping and pushing vertical plate 205b, and along with the centrifugal movement of the fertilizer, more fertilizer can be laterally thrown from the position with the widened outer end, and the movement path of the fertilizer refers to fig. 11 and 12.
Referring to fig. 5 and 8, the fertilizer scraping plate adjusting device includes two base strip-shaped slotted holes 206 disposed on the fertilizer scraping plate mounting base 205a, a disk positioning mounting hole correspondingly matched with one base strip-shaped slotted hole 206 is disposed on the fertilizer spreading disk 203, a disk adjusting arc-shaped slotted hole 207 correspondingly matched with the other base strip-shaped slotted hole 206 is further disposed on the fertilizer spreading disk 203, and the base strip-shaped slotted hole 206 and the disk positioning mounting hole, and the base strip-shaped slotted hole 206 and the disk adjusting arc-shaped slotted hole 207 are fixedly mounted by bolts. Through designs such as base bar slotted hole 206, disc regulation arc slotted hole 207 for this device can the multiple not isostructure of adaptation, model scrape fertile board, make the installation of scraping fertile board more convenient, can also adjust the installation contained angle of scraping fertile board of difference simultaneously, play the effect that fertile board was scraped in the installation of different looks, also can test the influence of fertile board installation contained angle to projecting the effect of scraping.
The fertilizer is mainly thrown into the device and is an organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer particles are fine, the components are complex, the problems of sputtering, material leakage and the like can occur when the fertilizer spreading device is thrown into the device, so that a blocking device capable of effectively controlling the fertilizer to pass through a path needs to be arranged to form a closed cavity and prevent the fertilizer from sputtering and leaking, and the fertilizer spreading cavity blocking device 300 is arranged. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a fertilizer spreading cavity blocking device 300 is installed on the main fertilizer spreading device 200 such that a closed spreading cavity for accommodating fertilizer is formed inside the main fertilizer spreading device 200, a fertilizer feeding inlet of the closed spreading cavity is arranged at the top of the main fertilizer spreading device 200, and a fertilizer spreading outlet of the closed spreading cavity is arranged at the front side of the main fertilizer spreading device 200, i.e., the side of a semi-trailer agricultural vehicle; the fertilizer spreading cavity plugging device 300 comprises top guide plates 301 which are respectively installed at the top ends of the two disk installation frames 201, the two top guide plates 301 are arranged in a splayed inclined mode, a gap is formed between the top ends of the two top guide plates 301 to form a fertilizer feeding inlet, the lower portions of the top guide plates 301 are fixedly connected to the top ends of the disk installation frames 201 through strip holes, the opening size and the installation position of the fertilizer feeding inlet can be controlled, a plugging effect is achieved above the fertilizer scraping plates, and organic fertilizer particles are prevented from being sputtered upwards; a rear striker plate 302 is arranged between the rear sides of the two disc mounting frames 201, the bottom end of the rear striker plate 302 is mounted on the side throwing support frame 100 through a bolt, the top end of the rear striker plate 302 inclines outwards to guide materials to slide downwards, and the rear striker plate 302 is also connected through a long slotted hole to realize height adjustment; two open between the front side of disc mounting bracket 201 and form the export is shed to fertilizer, the export is shed to fertilizer is located the lateral part of semi-mounted agricultural vehicle, two top guide plate 301 back striker plate 302 and two disc mounting bracket 201 cooperation forms and is used for holding fertilizer seal and shed the cavity. When the device during operation, fertilizer conveys to through the harrow chain in the workbin of semi-mounted agricultural vehicle chassis 500 main fertilizer distributor 200 top, through fertilizer pan feeding import enters into to seal in the cavity of shedding under the combined action of fertilizer disk 203 and novel fertilizer board 205 of scraping, by the fertilizer is shed the export and is thrown out. The fertilizer can be effectively prevented from leaking out through the closed scattering cavity, and the fertilizer scattering efficiency is improved. The feed opening department of semi-mounted type agricultural vehicle chassis 500 corresponds and is provided with the stock guide for material on the conveyer belt is in feed opening department accuracy fall into to seal and shed in the cavity.
The organic fertilizer belongs to a granular material, and can be adhered to form a large material and also can be dispersed into fine particles in the casting process, the main fertilizer spreading device 200 is difficult to accurately control all fertilizers, and a small amount of material can leak out in the casting process, so that the auxiliary casting device 400 is arranged, and the auxiliary casting device is shown in fig. 1, 3 and 13. The auxiliary throwing device 400 is arranged outside the closed throwing cavity and close to the lower part of the fertilizer throwing outlet, the periphery of the auxiliary throwing device 400 is tangent to the outer circle of the fertilizer spreading disc 203, and the fertilizer falling to the nearby place is scattered and thrown for the second time.
The auxiliary throwing device 400 comprises a throwing roller shaft 401 which is installed on the side throwing support frame 100 in a rotating mode through a bearing, the throwing roller shaft 401 is horizontally arranged, the middle of the throwing roller shaft 401 is fixedly provided with an auxiliary throwing roller 402 used for achieving secondary scattering and throwing of near fertilizer, a hub of the auxiliary throwing roller 402 is fixed to the throwing roller shaft 401, a plurality of throwing plates used for stirring the fertilizer are arranged on the surface of the hub, the rotating direction of the auxiliary throwing roller 402 is opposite to that of the fertilizer spreading disc 203, namely, the fertilizer separated from the fertilizer spreading disc 203 can continuously fall onto the auxiliary throwing roller 402 to achieve side throwing, the auxiliary throwing roller 402 corresponds to the lower portion of a fertilizer throwing outlet to increase the throwing angle of the near fertilizer, the periphery of the auxiliary throwing roller 402 is tangent to the outer circle of the fertilizer spreading disc 203, the auxiliary throwing roller 402 can be connected effectively, namely, when the fertilizer separated from the fertilizer throwing roller 203 is small in throwing angle, the upper surface of the auxiliary throwing roller 402 can just fall onto the auxiliary throwing roller 402, and the auxiliary throwing roller 100 is connected with the throwing roller 403, and the throwing roller shaft, and the auxiliary throwing roller 401 drives the throwing roller 401 to throw the auxiliary throwing roller. The projecting roller power device 403 is matched with a chain wheel and a chain, namely, the auxiliary projecting roller 402 is driven to rotate by power on the chassis 500 of the semi-trailer agricultural vehicle, in this embodiment, the auxiliary projecting roller 402 is arranged below the front end of the main fertilizer spreading device 200, namely, the auxiliary projecting roller is corresponding to the lower part of the fertilizer projecting outlet, fertilizer is separated from the fertilizer spreading disc 203 and is discharged from the fertilizer projecting outlet, at the moment, the material with a higher projecting angle can cross the auxiliary projecting roller 402 and is spread to the ground from the upper part, the material with a smaller projecting angle can contact or fall onto the auxiliary projecting roller 402, at the moment, along with the rotation of the auxiliary projecting roller 402, the fertilizer falling onto the auxiliary projecting roller 402 can be projected to the ground at a larger projecting angle, the fertilizer is prevented from falling to the near part due to a smaller projecting angle, the projecting angle of the auxiliary projecting roller 402 can be increased, the secondary spreading of the material is realized, and the blocky materials adhered together can contact the auxiliary projecting roller 402 and can be dispersed, then the projecting roller continues to be projected, the quantity of the agglomerated materials is greatly reduced, and the fertilizer application efficiency and the fertilizer application quality is improved. The auxiliary projecting device 400 is used as an auxiliary component of the main fertilizer spreading device 200, and the auxiliary component and the main fertilizer spreading device are matched for use, so that a better projecting effect can be formed.
Referring to fig. 13, an upper deflector 600 is arranged on the side throwing support frame 100 outside the closed throwing cavity, and the upper deflector 600 is corresponding to the top end of the fertilizer throwing outlet to guide fertilizer and control the maximum throwing angle of fertilizer. The upper guide plate 600 is obliquely arranged at the top end of the fertilizer throwing outlet, and when fertilizer with a large throwing angle contacts the upper guide plate 600, the fertilizer can move along the inclined surface of the upper guide plate 600, namely, the upper guide plate 600 controls the fertilizer with the large throwing angle within a reasonable range by changing the movement path of the fertilizer. The upper guide plate 600 is matched with the auxiliary casting roller 402 for use, so that the casting angle of the fertilizer is controlled in a reasonable range, and a large-casting-distance jet flow and a continuous and uniform coverage surface are formed.
Referring to fig. 13, a throwing angle control baffle 700 is arranged outside the closed throwing cavity on the side throwing support 100, and the throwing angle control baffle 700 blocks the bottom end of the fertilizer throwing outlet for controlling the minimum throwing angle of the fertilizer. In order to quickly stockpile materials at the bottom end of the main fertilizer spreading device 200, the throwing angle control baffle 700 is additionally arranged at the bottom end of the fertilizer throwing outlet, namely, the bottom of the closed throwing cavity is blocked, and the novel fertilizer scraping plate 205 is adhered to form a required flexible circular cavity under the action of the fertilizer through the cohesiveness of the fertilizer, and cannot be scattered due to external force in the throwing process. The device can control the material quantity and the throwing angle of the fertilizer at the bottom end by adjusting the height of the throwing angle control baffle 700, so that the whole control of the fertilizer at the bottom is realized, a flexible circular cavity is formed at the bottom under the combined action of the throwing angle control baffle 700 and the novel fertilizer scraping plate 205, the fertilizer is thrown at a higher speed under the action of the flexible circular cavity and the fertilizer scraping plate, a more ideal throwing angle is formed, and meanwhile, the flexible circular cavity has a strong accommodation effect on hard impurities, so that the device can be suitable for farmyard manure and stable manure with complex components; by adjusting the height of the throwing angle control baffle 700, the throwing position of the fertilizer can be controlled, so that the included angle between the fertilizer scraping plate and the vertical direction at the initial moment of throwing is controlled, and the effect of adjusting the minimum throwing angle is achieved.
The auxiliary throwing roller 402 is arranged on the outer side of the throwing angle control baffle 700, namely, fertilizer with a small throwing angle is discharged from the top end of the throwing angle control baffle and then falls onto the auxiliary throwing roller 402 to be scattered and thrown for the second time.
The wide-bottom extension fertilizer scraping plate innovatively designed in the invention can obviously reduce the scattering angle, the design of widening and extending the bottom can control the uncontrolled fertilizer between the two fertilizer scraping plates, and a flexible cylindrical cavity without guide obstruction inside can be formed under the combined action of the bottom widening and extending plate and the throw-off angle control baffle plate 700, so that the throwing effect is better, the effective throw distance is improved, and narrow jet flow can be formed.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. Novel fertile side of scraping of slope opposition disc type is thrown device, its characterized in that includes:
the side-throwing support frame is used as a direct or indirect mounting base body of the following devices;
the main fertilizer spreading device is used for realizing the lateral spreading of fertilizer and comprises two opposite disc mounting frames which are obliquely arranged in an inverted splayed shape, and angle adjusting devices for adjusting the inclination angles of the disc mounting frames are respectively arranged between the two disc mounting frames and the lateral spreading support frame; fertilizer spreading disks and disk power devices for driving the two fertilizer spreading disks to rotate are respectively installed on the two disk installation frames, the two fertilizer spreading disks are obliquely and oppositely arranged in an inverted splayed shape, at least three novel fertilizer scraping plates are circumferentially arranged on each fertilizer spreading disk, and the novel fertilizer scraping plates on the two fertilizer spreading disks are arranged in a staggered mode in different phases; the fertilizer scraping depth of the novel fertilizer scraping plate is gradually increased from the center to the outer periphery of the fertilizer spreading disc to form a wide-bottom epitaxial fertilizer scraping plate;
the fertilizer spreading cavity blocking device is arranged on the main fertilizer spreading device, so that a closed spreading cavity for containing fertilizer is formed inside the main fertilizer spreading device, a fertilizer feeding inlet of the closed spreading cavity is formed in the top of the main fertilizer spreading device, and a fertilizer spreading outlet of the closed spreading cavity is formed in the front side of the main fertilizer spreading device;
and the auxiliary throwing device is arranged outside the closed throwing cavity and is close to the lower part of the fertilizer throwing outlet, the periphery of the auxiliary throwing device is tangent to the outer circle of the fertilizer spreading disc, and the fertilizer falling to the close place is scattered and thrown for the second time.
2. The novel inclined opposed disc type fertilizer scraping and side throwing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wide end is epitaxial scrapes fertile board including installing scrape fertile board installation base on the fertile disc of spilling, scrape fertile board installation base with it scrapes fertile board adjusting device to be provided with between the fertile disc to spill, scrape fertile installing base on install be used for promoting fertilizer rotary motion scrape fertile material pushing riser, scrape fertile height edge that pushes away the material riser the central outside periphery that spills fertile disc increases gradually and forms the outer wide trapezium structure of interior narrow, the top of scraping fertile material pushing riser is provided with scraping flitch top shrouding.
3. The novel side-fertilizer scraping and side-throwing device of claim 2, further comprising: scrape fertile board adjusting device including setting up scrape two base bar long slot holes on the fertile board installation base, be provided with on the fertilization disc with one of them base bar long slot hole corresponds complex disc location mounting hole, still be provided with on the fertilization disc with another base bar long slot hole corresponds complex disc regulation arc slotted hole, base bar long slot hole with between the disc location mounting hole base bar long slot hole with pass through bolt fixed mounting between the arc slotted hole is adjusted to the disc.
4. The novel side-fertilizer scraping and side-throwing device of claim 2, further comprising: the auxiliary throwing device comprises a throwing roller shaft which is rotatably installed on the side throwing support frame, the throwing roller shaft is horizontally arranged, an auxiliary throwing roller for realizing secondary scattering and throwing of near fertilizer is fixedly installed in the middle of the throwing roller shaft, the auxiliary throwing roller corresponds to the lower part of the fertilizer throwing outlet and is used for increasing the throwing angle of the near fertilizer, the periphery of the auxiliary throwing roller is tangent to the excircle of the fertilizer spreading disc, and a throwing roller power device for driving the auxiliary throwing roller to rotate is installed between the side throwing support frame and the throwing roller shaft.
5. The novel side-fertilizer scraping and side-throwing device of claim 1, further comprising: an upper guide plate is arranged outside the closed throwing cavity on the side throwing support frame, and the upper guide plate and the top end of the fertilizer throwing outlet are correspondingly used for guiding fertilizer and controlling the maximum throwing angle of the fertilizer.
6. The novel side-fertilizer scraping and side-throwing device of claim 1, further comprising: and a throwing angle control baffle is arranged outside the closed throwing cavity on the side throwing support frame, and the throwing angle control baffle blocks the bottom end of the fertilizer throwing outlet and is used for controlling the minimum throwing angle of the fertilizer.
7. The novel inclined opposed disc type fertilizer scraping and side throwing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: spill fertile chamber plugging device is including installing respectively two the top guide plate on disc mounting bracket top, two the top guide plate is splayed slope and arranges and have the clearance between both tops and form fertilizer pan feeding import, two install back striker plate, two between the rear side of disc mounting bracket open between the front side of disc mounting bracket and form fertilizer spills the export, two the top guide plate back striker plate and two the cooperation of disc mounting bracket forms and is used for holding fertilizer seal and spills the cavity.
8. The novel inclined opposed disc type fertilizer spreading and side throwing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the bottom ends of the two disk mounting frames are respectively hinged to the side throwing support frame, and the top ends of the disk mounting frames are respectively hinged to the side throwing support frame through the angle adjusting device; the angle adjusting device is an adjusting pull rod, one end of the adjusting pull rod is hinged to the top end of the side throwing support frame, and the other end of the adjusting pull rod is hinged to the lower portion of the disc mounting frame.
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| CN202111252497.2A CN114097385B (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Novel oblique opposed disc type fertilizer scraping and side throwing device |
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| CN202111252497.2A CN114097385B (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Novel oblique opposed disc type fertilizer scraping and side throwing device |
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| CN114097385B true CN114097385B (en) | 2022-12-09 |
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