CN114094141A - Hydrogen supply system of hydrogen fuel cell - Google Patents
Hydrogen supply system of hydrogen fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN114094141A CN114094141A CN202111264017.4A CN202111264017A CN114094141A CN 114094141 A CN114094141 A CN 114094141A CN 202111264017 A CN202111264017 A CN 202111264017A CN 114094141 A CN114094141 A CN 114094141A
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- hydrogen
- fuel cell
- tank
- pump
- pressure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydrogen supply system of a hydrogen fuel cell, which is mainly used for a fuel cell system of a new energy automobile, provides a design scheme of a whole circulating system from a hydrogen tank to the fuel cell, and mainly solves the problems of unstable hydrogen supply, poor controllability, poor ultrahigh pressure safety and the like of the hydrogen supply system. The principle of the invention is that an ultrahigh pressure hydrogen tank and a low pressure hydrogen flow line are separated, a relay hydrogen storage tank with small volume is added in a main loop of a hydrogen supply system, hydrogen in the relay hydrogen storage tank is subjected to cooling and liquefying treatment, so that the hydrogen in the relay hydrogen storage tank is low-pressure, and a hydrogen pump and the relay hydrogen storage tank with small volume are arranged in a hydrogen recovery loop, so that the supply of hydrogen is more stable, controllable and safe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new energy equipment, and mainly relates to a fuel cell system for a new energy automobile, in particular to a hydrogen supply system for a hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
In the context of the "dual carbon" target, hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) are one of the major directions of future vehicle development. The bottom layer technology of the hydrogen fuel cell determines that the hydrogen fuel cell is an energy source with high energy density, high energy conversion rate, environmental protection and no pollution, has the properties of fuel, energy and environmental protection, and is an ideal automobile power source. According to the data of the Fuel Cell System Cost-2017, the Fuel Cell System accounts for about 63% of the Cost of the whole vehicle and comprises four parts of a Fuel Cell stack (a catalyst, a bipolar plate and a proton exchange membrane), an air circulation System, a hydrogen supply System and a water/heat management System. At present, hydrogen-producing fuel cell parts and galvanic piles in China basically have industrial foundation, but the related technology of a hydrogen supply system is mature enough and is also a main bottleneck of FCEV development. The invention relates to a novel hydrogen supply system of a hydrogen fuel cell, which provides a design scheme of a whole circulating system from a hydrogen tank to the fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen supply system of a hydrogen fuel cell, which mainly solves the problems of unstable hydrogen supply, poor controllability and the like of the hydrogen supply system.
The invention relates to a hydrogen supply system of a hydrogen fuel cell, which comprises a hydrogen tank, a first electromagnetic valve, a first pressure sensor, a refrigerating device, a first check valve, a second hydrogen tank, a first hydrogen pump, a first pressure reducing valve, a second check valve, a second pressure sensor, a second electromagnetic valve, the fuel cell, a third check valve, a second hydrogen pump and a third hydrogen tank, wherein fluid media in the hydrogen supply system are liquid hydrogen and hydrogen gas, and hydrogen fuel is conveyed to the fuel cell. Along the flow direction of hydrogen, the hydrogen tank is sequentially connected with a first electromagnetic valve, a first one-way valve, a second hydrogen tank, a first hydrogen pump, a first pressure reducing valve and a second electromagnetic valve, and finally the hydrogen enters the fuel cell from an a port of the fuel cell; the unconsumed hydrogen flows out from the port b, along the flow direction of the hydrogen, the check valve III, the hydrogen pump II, the hydrogen tank III and the check valve II are sequentially connected, finally are converged into the main loop, and enter the fuel cell from the port a through the electromagnetic valve II; the one-way valve I, the hydrogen tank II and the hydrogen pump I are arranged in the refrigerating device; the hydrogen supply system is characterized in that a plurality of pressure sensing devices are arranged on a circulation loop of the hydrogen supply system and used for monitoring the operation condition of the system in real time and transmitting pressure signals to an electric control system of the fuel cell, and the electric control system adjusts a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve according to the actual power requirement of the electric vehicle so as to adjust the real-time power of the fuel cell, and the number of the pressure sensors can be increased according to the requirement of the specific embodiment.
In the hydrogen supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell, high-pressure hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen tank, and the ambient temperature of the hydrogen tank is normal temperature; the liquid hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank II is arranged in the refrigerating device, the ambient temperature of the hydrogen tank II is ultralow, and the hydrogen flowing into the hydrogen tank can be converted into liquid under relatively low pressure by the hydrogen tank II; the first hydrogen pump is a hydrogen extraction power unit and is arranged in the refrigerating device, and liquid hydrogen in the extracted hydrogen tank II is conveyed to the first pressure reducing valve. The first check valve, the second hydrogen tank and the first hydrogen pump are all arranged in the refrigerating device and form a relay station of a hydrogen supply system, and all components in the refrigerating device are in an ultralow temperature environment, so that the hydrogen in the section of line is kept in a liquid state. The first hydrogen pump is a high-pressure pump, and the outlet pressure of the first hydrogen pump is greater than the internal pressure of the first pressure reducing valve.
The hydrogen recovery loop is arranged in the hydrogen supply system and used for recovering hydrogen not consumed by the fuel cell, the hydrogen not consumed is pumped to the hydrogen tank III through the hydrogen pump II, and the hydrogen pump II is a high-pressure pump, so that the pressure in the hydrogen tank III is higher than the internal pressure of the pressure reducing valve II; the third hydrogen tank is arranged in a normal temperature environment and is a relay station of the hydrogen recovery loop, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen recovery loop does not need to be continuously conveyed to the main loop to enter the fuel cell.
In the hydrogen supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell, a one-way valve I is arranged in front of a hydrogen tank II to ensure that liquid hydrogen does not flow back; a check valve III is arranged in front of the hydrogen pump II to ensure that liquid hydrogen does not flow back; and a second check valve is arranged behind the second pressure reducing valve, so that the hydrogen flowing out of the first pressure reducing valve is prevented from flowing to the hydrogen recovery loop, and the number of the check valves in the supply system can be increased according to the working condition requirements of specific embodiments.
The hydrogen supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell realizes that hydrogen can controllably flow from the hydrogen tank to the hydrogen tank II through the electric control of the electromagnetic valve I; the second electromagnetic valve is electrically controlled, and the hydrogen supply to the fuel cell can be controlled according to the real-time power requirement of the fuel cell; the control of the battery valve is realized by a vehicle computer of the electric vehicle, and the hydrogen throughput of the battery valve is automatically electrically controlled according to the requirements of the running working condition and the like of the electric vehicle so as to change the real-time power of the fuel cell.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the technical threshold of the hydrogen supply system is reduced by the brand new design of the whole circuit of the hydrogen supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell, the occupied space of the hydrogen supply system is reduced, and some complex pressure control components are subtracted; and the real-time supply controllability of the hydrogen fuel is better, and the ultrahigh-pressure hydrogen tank and the hydrogen flow line with lower pressure are separated, so that the safety of the whole hydrogen supply system is improved, and the stability of the hydrogen supply system is favorable for the durability of the fuel cell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen supply system for a hydrogen fuel cell of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1. the hydrogen storage tank comprises a hydrogen tank, 2, a first electromagnetic valve, 3, a first pressure sensor, 4, a refrigerating device, 5, a first check valve, 6, a second hydrogen storage tank, 7, a first hydrogen pump, 8, a first pressure reducing valve, 9, a second pressure reducing valve, 10, a second check valve, 11, a second pressure sensor, 12, a second electromagnetic valve, 13, a fuel cell, 14, a third check valve, 15, a second hydrogen pump and 16, and the third hydrogen storage tank.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the principal principle of the hydrogen supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell of the present invention. The invention relates to a novel design of the whole circuit of a hydrogen supply system of a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein a relay hydrogen storage tank with small volume is added in the flow circuit of the hydrogen supply system, the ultrahigh pressure hydrogen tank and the hydrogen flow circuit with lower pressure are separated, and the hydrogen in the relay hydrogen storage tank is cooled and liquefied, so that the hydrogen in the relay hydrogen storage tank is low in pressure, and the supply of the hydrogen is more stable, controllable and safe.
The invention relates to a hydrogen supply system and a circulation method of a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the hydrogen supply system comprises sixteen core components, namely a hydrogen tank 1, a first electromagnetic valve 2, a first pressure sensor 3, a refrigerating device 4, a first check valve 5, a second hydrogen tank 6, a first hydrogen pump 7, a first pressure reducing valve 8, a second pressure reducing valve 9, a second check valve 10, a second pressure sensor 11, a second electromagnetic valve 12, a fuel cell 13, a third check valve 14, a second hydrogen pump 15 and a third hydrogen tank 16, and fluid media in the hydrogen supply system are liquid hydrogen and hydrogen gas to convey hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell. Along the hydrogen flowing direction, the hydrogen tank 1 is sequentially connected with a first electromagnetic valve 2, a first one-way valve 5, a second hydrogen tank 6, a first hydrogen pump 7, a first pressure reducing valve 8 and a second electromagnetic valve 12, and finally enters a fuel cell 13 from an opening a; the unconsumed hydrogen flows out from the port b, along the hydrogen flowing direction, the check valve III 14, the hydrogen pump II 15, the hydrogen tank III 16 and the check valve II 10 are sequentially connected, and finally are converged into the main loop, and enter the fuel cell 13 from the port a through the electromagnetic valve II 12; the check valve I5, the hydrogen tank II 6 and the hydrogen pump I7 are arranged inside the refrigerating device 4; and a plurality of pressure sensing devices are arranged on a circulation loop of the hydrogen supply system and used for monitoring the operation condition of the system in real time.
In the hydrogen supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell, high-pressure hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen tank 1, and the ambient temperature of the hydrogen tank 1 is normal temperature; the liquid hydrogen stored in the second hydrogen tank 6 is arranged in the refrigerating device 4, the environment temperature of the second hydrogen tank 6 is ultralow, and the hydrogen flowing into the second hydrogen tank 1 can be converted into liquid by the second hydrogen tank 6 under relatively low pressure; the first hydrogen pump 7 is a hydrogen extraction power unit and is arranged in the refrigerating device 4, and liquid hydrogen in the extracted hydrogen tank II 6 is conveyed to the first pressure reducing valve 8; the one-way valve I5, the hydrogen tank II 6 and the hydrogen pump I7 are all arranged in the refrigerating device 4 to form a relay station of a hydrogen supply system, and all components in the refrigerating device are in an ultralow temperature environment, so that hydrogen in a pipeline in the interval is kept in a liquid state; the first hydrogen pump 7 is a high-pressure pump, so that the outlet pressure of the pump is greater than the internal pressure of the first pressure reducing valve 8.
The hydrogen supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell is provided with a hydrogen recovery loop in the hydrogen supply system, the hydrogen recovery loop consists of a third check valve 14, a second hydrogen pump 15, a third hydrogen tank 16 and a second check valve 10 and is used for recovering hydrogen not consumed by the fuel cell, the hydrogen recovery loop is arranged in a normal temperature environment, the unconsumed hydrogen is pumped to the third hydrogen tank 16 through the second hydrogen pump 15, and the second hydrogen pump 15 is a high-pressure pump, so that the pressure in the third hydrogen tank 16 is higher than the internal pressure of the second pressure reducing valve 9.
The hydrogen supply system for a hydrogen fuel cell is characterized in that: a one-way valve I5 is arranged in front of a hydrogen tank II 6 to ensure that liquid hydrogen does not flow back; a check valve III 14 is arranged in front of the hydrogen pump II 15 to ensure that liquid hydrogen does not flow back; and a second check valve 10 is arranged behind the second pressure reducing valve 9 to prevent the hydrogen flowing out of the first pressure reducing valve 8 from flowing to the hydrogen recovery loop.
The hydrogen supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell realizes that hydrogen can controllably flow from the hydrogen tank 1 to the hydrogen tank II 6 through the electric control of the electromagnetic valve I2; through the electric control of the second electromagnetic valve 12, the controllable hydrogen supply to the fuel cell 13 is realized according to the real-time power requirement of the fuel cell.
Through the brand-new design of the whole circuit of the hydrogen supply system of the hydrogen fuel cell, the real-time supply controllability of the hydrogen fuel is better, the ultrahigh pressure hydrogen tank and the hydrogen flow circuit with lower pressure are separated, and the safety of the whole hydrogen supply system is improved.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply system, hydrogen supply system include hydrogen tank (1), solenoid valve (2), pressure sensor (3), refrigerating plant (4), check valve (5), hydrogen tank two (6), hydrogen pump (7), relief pressure valve (8), relief pressure valve two (9), check valve two (10), pressure sensor two (11), solenoid valve two (12), fuel cell (13), check valve three (14), hydrogen pump two (15) and hydrogen tank three (16), the fluid medium in the hydrogen supply system is liquid hydrogen and hydrogen, carry hydrogen fuel to fuel cell, its characterized in that: along the flow direction of hydrogen, a hydrogen tank (1) is sequentially connected with a first electromagnetic valve (2), a first one-way valve (5), a second hydrogen tank (6), a first hydrogen pump (7), a first pressure reducing valve (8) and a second electromagnetic valve (12), and finally hydrogen enters from an a port of a fuel cell (13); the unconsumed hydrogen flows out from the port b, along the flow direction of the hydrogen, the check valve III (14), the hydrogen pump II (15), the hydrogen tank III (16) and the check valve II (10) are sequentially connected, and finally the unconsumed hydrogen is converged into the main loop and enters the fuel cell (13) from the port a through the electromagnetic valve II (12); the one-way valve I (5), the hydrogen tank II (6) and the hydrogen pump I (7) are arranged in the refrigerating device (4); and a plurality of pressure sensing devices are arranged on a circulation loop of the hydrogen supply system and used for monitoring the operation condition of the system in real time.
2. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen gas supply system as defined in claim 1, wherein: high-pressure hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen tank (1), and the ambient temperature of the hydrogen tank (1) is normal temperature; liquid hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank II (6) is arranged in the refrigerating device (4), the environment temperature of the hydrogen tank II (6) is ultralow, and the hydrogen flowing into the hydrogen tank (1) can be converted into liquid by the hydrogen tank II (6) under relatively low pressure; the first hydrogen pump (7) is a hydrogen extraction power unit and is arranged in the refrigerating device (4), and liquid hydrogen in the extracted hydrogen tank II (6) is conveyed to the first pressure reducing valve (8); the one-way valve I (5), the hydrogen tank II (6) and the hydrogen pump I (7) are all arranged in the refrigerating device (4) to form a relay station of a hydrogen supply system, and all components in the refrigerating device are in an ultralow temperature environment, so that hydrogen in a pipeline in the interval is kept in a liquid state; the first hydrogen pump (7) is a high-pressure pump, so that the outlet pressure of the pump is greater than the internal pressure of the first pressure reducing valve (8).
3. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen gas supply system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen recovery loop is arranged in the hydrogen supply system and consists of a check valve III (14), a hydrogen pump II (15), a hydrogen tank III (16) and a check valve II (10) and is used for recovering hydrogen which is not consumed by the fuel cell, the hydrogen recovery loop is arranged in a normal-temperature environment, the hydrogen which is not consumed is pumped to the hydrogen tank III (16) through the hydrogen pump II (15), and the hydrogen pump II (15) is a high-pressure pump, so that the pressure in the hydrogen tank III (16) is higher than the internal pressure of the pressure reducing valve II (9).
4. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen gas supply system as defined in claim 1, wherein: a one-way valve I (5) is arranged in front of a hydrogen tank II (6) to ensure that liquid hydrogen does not flow back; a check valve III (14) is arranged in front of the hydrogen pump II (15) to ensure that liquid hydrogen does not flow back; and a second check valve (10) is arranged behind the second pressure reducing valve (9) to prevent the hydrogen flowing out of the first pressure reducing valve (8) from flowing to the hydrogen recovery loop.
5. A hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen gas supply system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the controllable hydrogen flows from the hydrogen tank (1) to the hydrogen tank (6) through the electric control of the electromagnetic valve I (2); through the electric control of the second electromagnetic valve (12), the controllable hydrogen supply to the fuel cell (13) is realized according to the real-time power requirement of the fuel cell.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111264017.4A CN114094141B (en) | 2021-10-28 | 2021-10-28 | Hydrogen supply system of hydrogen fuel cell |
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| CN202111264017.4A CN114094141B (en) | 2021-10-28 | 2021-10-28 | Hydrogen supply system of hydrogen fuel cell |
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| CN114094141A true CN114094141A (en) | 2022-02-25 |
| CN114094141B CN114094141B (en) | 2023-09-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116259786A (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-06-13 | 一苇科技工程(广东)有限公司 | High-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure stabilization system for hydrogen fuel cell automobile |
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2021
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| US20090226776A1 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-10 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Hydrogen charging apparatus |
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| CN116259786A (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-06-13 | 一苇科技工程(广东)有限公司 | High-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure stabilization system for hydrogen fuel cell automobile |
| CN116259786B (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2024-02-23 | 一苇科技工程(广东)有限公司 | High-pressure hydrogen decompression and pressure stabilization system for hydrogen fuel cell automobile |
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| CN114094141B (en) | 2023-09-26 |
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