CN111256028A - Hydrogen filling system - Google Patents

Hydrogen filling system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111256028A
CN111256028A CN201911362408.2A CN201911362408A CN111256028A CN 111256028 A CN111256028 A CN 111256028A CN 201911362408 A CN201911362408 A CN 201911362408A CN 111256028 A CN111256028 A CN 111256028A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
inlet
outlet
filling
hydrogen storage
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Granted
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CN201911362408.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111256028B (en
Inventor
吕翠
贺明
朱伟平
张宇
龚领会
伍继浩
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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Publication of CN111256028A publication Critical patent/CN111256028A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/002—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for vessels under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/082—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products for cold fluids, e.g. liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/14—Conveying liquids or viscous products by pumping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
    • F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/013—Single phase liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/013—Single phase liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0355—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid in a closed loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0631—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/34—Hydrogen distribution

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

A hydrogen filling system comprises a supercharging device, a circulating device, a refrigerating device, a filling device and a measurement and control device; the refrigerating device is used for providing cold energy for cooling the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, the circulating device is used for providing circulating power for hydrogen used for precooling the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, the pressurizing device is used for pressurizing the hydrogen filled into the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, and the filling device is used for hydrogenating the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container. The pressurizing device, the circulating device, the refrigerating device and the filling device are respectively connected with the measurement and control device. According to the hydrogen filling system, the refrigerating device is arranged, so that hydrogen can be cooled, and the temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container can be reduced. By arranging the circulating device, the hydrogen participating in precooling is cooled by the refrigerating device and then is pressurized into the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container. Therefore, the hydrogen filling system can recycle the hydrogen for cooling the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, so that the filling process is lossless and the cost is reduced.

Description

Hydrogen filling system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy utilization, in particular to a hydrogen filling system.
Background
Hydrogen energy is a clean and efficient secondary energy source, the combustion product of which is water only and hydrogen has a high energy density per unit mass (140MJ/kg vs. gasoline: 44 MJ/kg). Therefore, hydrogen energy is an important aspect of building modern energy systems. Firstly, with the gradual improvement of the external dependence of the energy of the petroleum and the natural gas in China, the problem of energy safety is increasingly prominent, the application of the hydrogen energy in the energy consumption terminal is promoted, and the reduction of the consumption of non-renewable energy sources such as the petroleum, the natural gas and the like is facilitated. And secondly, hydrogen energy is used as an energy carrier, large-scale energy storage and peak regulation effects can be realized, and the problem that the existing renewable energy power generation cannot be sufficiently on line is effectively solved.
However, hydrogen has a low energy density per unit volume (0.01 MJ/L vs. gasoline 32MJ/L at standard temperature and pressure), and particularly when used in automobiles, the space for storing fuel is limited, and the hydrogen storage container needs to be provided with a fixed protection device to prevent explosion during collision. And the hydrogen storage vessel needs to be able to be filled with sufficient hydrogen to enable it to travel over 500 km. In on-board hydrogen storage technologies with volume and mass limitations, it is more difficult to achieve high density storage of hydrogen.
Under the same effective volume, the hydrogen storage capacity of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage technology can reach 2-3 times of that of the traditional normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage technology and 1.5 times of that of the liquid hydrogen storage technology. Compared with the traditional low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage technology, the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage technology has better heat leakage resistance, namely, the storage pressure is increased far lower than that of low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage under the same heat leakage.
A cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage and supply device is introduced in the patent with the application number of CN201811403629.5, and the process of transferring liquid hydrogen to a low-temperature high-pressure tank and transferring the low-temperature high-pressure tank to a fuel cell or an internal combustion engine is introduced, wherein the process mainly comprises the cryogenic high-pressure tank, a hydrogen injection pipeline is arranged on the cryogenic high-pressure tank, and the hydrogen injection pipeline is connected with a liquid hydrogen storage tank; the supply pipeline is connected with the parahydrogen conversion device and the hydrogen throttling device, the hydrogen throttling device is connected with the hydrogen injection pipeline through a branch, and the hydrogen injection pipeline is merged into the branch through the branch. But does not relate to how to realize the filling process with the user and the control method of the state of the end user in the filling process.
As shown in fig. 1, a study on a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling system is described in a document "Rapid high-sensitivity regenerative pressure filling 345 bar with a liquid hydrogen pump", in which a submerged liquid hydrogen pump is directly used to fill hydrogen at a low temperature and a high pressure in a vehicle-mounted system. Wherein line 1 is in a filling relationship, line 3 is a vent line, and line 2 leads to a fuel cell or an internal combustion engine. During filling, firstly, a submerged liquid hydrogen pump is used for conveying low-temperature liquid hydrogen to pre-cool a filling pipeline, and then heated hydrogen is exhausted through a pipeline 3. Therefore, the cost of discharging the liquid hydrogen after precooling in this way is high, and the filling process is greatly affected by the initial state of the can.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is desirable to provide an actively controllable hydrogen filling system without wasting hydrogen energy by precooling.
A hydrogen filling system comprises a supercharging device, a circulating device, a refrigerating device, a first valve, a filling device and a measurement and control device;
the refrigerating device comprises a refrigerating unit and a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange pipeline, a second heat exchange pipeline and a cooling medium pipeline, an outlet of the refrigerating unit is connected with an inlet of the cooling medium pipeline, and an outlet of the cooling medium pipeline is connected with an inlet of the refrigerating unit;
the inlet of the pressurizing device is used for being connected with a hydrogen storage device, the outlet of the pressurizing device is connected with the inlet of the first heat exchange pipeline, the outlet of the first heat exchange pipeline is connected with the inlet of the filling device, and the outlet of the filling device is used for being connected with the inlet of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container;
the first valve and the second heat exchange pipeline are arranged in parallel, an inlet of the first valve and an inlet of the second heat exchange pipeline are respectively used for being connected with an outlet of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, an outlet of the first valve and an outlet of the second heat exchange pipeline are respectively connected with an inlet of the circulating device, and an outlet of the circulating device is connected with an inlet of the supercharging device;
the pressurizing device, the circulating device, the refrigerating device and the filling device are respectively connected with the measurement and control device.
In one embodiment, the boosting device is a high pressure booster compressor.
In one embodiment, when the refrigerating device is a refrigerator with a 20K temperature zone, the refrigerating unit adopts a turbine-refrigerated inverted brayton cycle refrigerator to provide cold energy in a precooling process through the heat exchanger;
when the refrigerating device is an 80K temperature zone refrigerator, the refrigerating unit is a liquid nitrogen cold source or a mixed working medium refrigerator, and cold energy is transferred to hydrogen through the heat exchanger.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a buffer tank, wherein the buffer tank is arranged between the outlet of the pressure boosting device and the inlet of the first heat exchange pipeline.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen refueling station is a high pressure gas hydrogen storage hydrogen refueling station.
A hydrogen filling system comprises a supercharging device, a circulating device, a refrigerating device, a filling device and a measurement and control device;
the inlet of the pressurizing device is used for being connected with a hydrogen storage device, the outlet of the pressurizing device is connected with the inlet of the filling device, the outlet of the filling device is used for being connected with the inlet of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, the inlet of the refrigerating device is used for being connected with the outlet of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, the outlet of the refrigerating device is connected with the inlet of the circulating device, and the outlet of the circulating device is connected with the inlet of the filling device;
the pressurizing device, the circulating device, the refrigerating device and the filling device are respectively connected with the measurement and control device.
In one embodiment, the pressurizing device is a plunger pump.
In one embodiment, the refrigeration device comprises a heat exchanger and a refrigeration unit, the heat exchanger comprises a hydrogen pipeline and a cooling medium pipeline, the inlet of the hydrogen pipeline is connected with the outlet of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, and the outlet of the hydrogen pipeline is connected with the inlet of the circulating device.
The outlet of the refrigerating unit is connected with the inlet of the cooling medium pipeline, and the outlet of the cooling medium pipeline is connected with the inlet of the refrigerating unit.
In one embodiment, an eighth valve is provided between the outlet of the pressurizing device and the inlet of the filling device.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen refueling station is a liquid hydrogen storage hydrogen refueling station.
According to the hydrogen filling system, the refrigerating device is arranged, so that hydrogen can be cooled, and the temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container can be reduced. By arranging the circulating device, the hydrogen participating in precooling is cooled by the refrigerating device and then is pressurized into the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container. Therefore, the hydrogen filling system can recycle the hydrogen for cooling the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, so that the filling process is lossless and the cost is reduced. In addition, the initial temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container is controlled, and the filling process is not influenced by the initial temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, so that the controllable filling of the filling process can be realized, and the aim of controlling the total amount of the filled gas can be fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen filling system;
fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen filling system of embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen filling system of embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The fixed connection in the present invention includes direct fixed connection and indirect fixed connection.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen filling system of an embodiment includes a pressure boosting device 110, a circulation device 120, a refrigeration device 130, a first valve V1, a filling device 140, and a measurement and control device (not shown).
The refrigeration device 130 includes a refrigeration unit 132 and a heat exchanger 134. The heat exchanger 134 includes a first heat exchange line (not shown), a second heat exchange line (not shown), and a cooling medium line (not shown). The outlet of the refrigerating unit 132 is connected to the inlet of the cooling medium line. The outlet of the cooling medium line is connected to the inlet of the refrigeration unit 132.
The inlet of the pressure increasing device 110 is used for being connected with the hydrogen storage device 150, the outlet of the pressure increasing device 110 is connected with the inlet of the first heat exchange pipeline, the outlet of the first heat exchange pipeline is connected with the inlet of the filling device 140, and the outlet of the filling device 140 is used for being connected with the inlet of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160.
The first valve V1 and the second heat exchange pipeline are arranged in parallel, and the inlet of the first valve V1 and the inlet of the second heat exchange pipeline are respectively used for being connected with the outlet of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160. The outlet of the first valve V1 and the outlet of the second heat exchange pipeline are respectively connected with the inlet of the circulating device 120, and the outlet of the circulating device 120 is connected with the inlet of the pressure boosting device 110.
The pressure boosting device 110, the circulating device 120, the refrigerating unit 132, the heat exchanger 134 and the filling device 140 are respectively connected with the measurement and control device.
In the hydrogen filling system, the refrigeration device 130 is provided to cool hydrogen, so that the temperature of the on-vehicle hydrogen storage container 160 can be lowered. By providing the circulation device 120, the hydrogen gas participating in the precooling is cooled by the refrigeration device 130 and then pressurized into the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160. Therefore, the hydrogen filling system can recycle the hydrogen for cooling the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160, so that the filling process is not damaged, and the cost is reduced. In addition, by controlling the initial temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160, the filling process is not affected by the initial temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160, so that the controllable filling of the filling process can be realized, and the purpose of controlling the total amount of the filled gas can be achieved.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage device 150 is a high pressure gas hydrogen storage hydrogen refueling station 150. For the high pressure hydrogen storage hydrogen station 150, the source of the high pressure hydrogen storage system can be a container, a long tube trailer or a pipeline for storing hydrogen, etc. Further, the high pressure hydrogen storage system is usually a 15MPa or 20MPa container or a tube trailer.
In one embodiment, the booster device 110 includes a high pressure booster compressor. Specifically, the boosting device 110 may be a diaphragm compressor, a piston compressor, a centrifugal compressor, or the like.
In one embodiment, the circulation device 120 may be a cryogenic circulation pump. The working temperature of the low-temperature circulating pump is 20K-300K. The circulation device 120 provides a certain circulation power during the pre-cooling process mainly by controlling the flow rate of the hydrogen filling system.
In one embodiment, the refrigeration device 130 of the high pressure hydrogen storage hydrogen station can meet the requirement of a certain hydrogen energy storage density, and the minimum refrigeration temperature can be 20K to 80K, and the pressure range is 35MPa to 70 MPa.
In one embodiment, when refrigeration device 130 is a 20K temperature zone refrigerator, refrigeration unit 132 is a 20K temperature zone refrigerator. Specifically, the refrigeration unit 132 may be a turbine-cooled inverted brayton cycle refrigerator that provides cold for the pre-cooling process via the heat exchanger 134.
When the refrigeration device 130 is an 80K temperature zone refrigerator, the refrigeration unit 132 is a liquid nitrogen cold source or a mixed working medium refrigerator, and the cold energy of the liquid nitrogen is transmitted to the hydrogen through the heat exchanger 134. The heat exchanger 134 may be a coil heat exchanger or a microchannel heat exchanger. The cold is transferred to the hydrogen.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen filling system further includes a buffer tank 170. A buffer tank 170 is provided between the outlet of the pressure boosting device 110 and the inlet of the first heat exchange line.
In one embodiment, the filling apparatus 140 includes a snap valve 142, a check valve 144, and a hydrogenation lance 146, arranged in series. A blow-off valve 142 is provided between the outlet of the first heat exchange line and a check valve 144. The hydrogenation lance 146 is disposed between the check valve 144 and the inlet of the on-board hydrogen storage vessel 160. The main function of the filling device 140 is to fill the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen into the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 safely, quickly, conveniently, and the like.
In one embodiment, the measurement and control device is used for realizing the measurement of temperature, pressure and flow and the formulation of a corresponding control algorithm and a control strategy. The measurement and control device is used for monitoring the temperature and the pressure of the vehicle-mounted storage tank 160, the outlet pressure, the temperature and the flow of the supercharging device 110, the outlet pressure, the temperature and the flow of the circulating device 120, the temperature and the pressure of a pipeline along the way and the like, and is used for selecting and safely controlling a filling strategy.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen filling system further comprises a second valve V2. The second valve V2 is provided at the outlet of the hydrogen storage device 150. The second valve V2 is used to control whether the hydrogen storage device 150 is supplying gas to the on-board hydrogen storage container 160.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen filling system further includes a third valve V3. The third valve V3 is provided between the outlet of the circulation device 120 and the inlet of the booster device 110. Further, a third valve V3 is provided for connecting the second valve V2, the outlet line of the circulation device 120 and the inlet line of the booster device 110. The third valve V3 is opened and the circulation device 120 or the pressurization device 110 is activated and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device 150 is used to supplement the amount of hydrogen required in the system.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen filling system further comprises a fourth valve V4. The fourth valve V4 is disposed at the inlet of the buffer tank 170, and the fourth valve V4 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange line. The fourth valve V4 is a three-way valve. The buffer tank 170 is connected via a fourth valve V4 to the pressure boosting device 110 on the one hand and to the heat exchanger 134 on the other hand. During filling, by detecting the pressure in the buffer tank 170, when the pressure of the buffer tank 170 is smaller than the rated pressure, the fourth valve V4 is communicated with the pipeline on the side of the supercharging device 110 to be opened, and air is supplied to the buffer tank 170; when the pressure of the surge tank 170 reaches the rated pressure, the fourth valve V4 opens the line on the booster device 110 side and closes. During filling, the fourth valve V4 opens the line connecting the buffer tank 170 to the heat exchanger 134.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen filling system further comprises a fifth valve V5. A fifth valve V5 is provided at the outlet of the first heat exchange line and at the inlet of the filling device 140. The fifth valve V5 is used to divide the filling line into two parts for easy initial purification or vacuum leak detection.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen filling system further comprises a sixth valve V6. The sixth valve V6 is provided at the outlet of the on-board hydrogen storage container 160. The sixth valve V6 is a valve for precooling, the precooling process is performed, the sixth valve V6 is opened, and at this time, a closed loop is formed from the sixth valve V6 to the circulating device 120, to the filling device 140 and to the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160, and the cold energy is provided to the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 through the circulating gas quantity. After the pre-cooling is finished, the sixth valve V6 is closed.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen filling system further comprises a seventh valve V7. A seventh valve V7 is provided between the outlet of the second heat exchange line and the inlet of the circulation device 120.
The operation of the hydrogen filling system shown in fig. 2 is as follows, when the user drives the new energy vehicle to the hydrogen storage device, the hydrogenation port of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 is connected with the hydrogenation gun 146 of the hydrogen filling system. First, the hydrogen filling system will take the parameters of the hydrogen storage system of the hydrogen storage device 150 according to the temperature, pressure, hydrogen residual quantity and other parameters in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160, and prepare for the hydrogen filling system to add hydrogen.
When the pressure in the low-temperature high-pressure onboard hydrogen storage container 160 is higher than 15MPa (the pressure of the hydrogen storage system of the hydrogen storage device 150 is 15MPa), the temperature of the low-temperature high-pressure onboard hydrogen storage container 160 and the outlet temperature of the refrigeration unit 132 are detected, and when the outlet temperature of the low-temperature high-pressure onboard hydrogen storage container 160 is lower than the temperature of the outlet of the refrigeration medium of the heat exchanger 134, the third valve V3, the fourth valve V4, the fifth valve V5, the sixth valve V6 and the seventh valve V7 are opened. When the outlet pressure of the circulating device 120 is lower than 15MPa, the second valve V2 is opened, the gas in the low-temperature high-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 recovers part of cold energy through the temperature of the refrigerating device 130, a certain power is provided through the circulating device 120, the temperature is reduced after the gas flows through the pressurizing device 110 and the refrigerating device 130, and the gas enters the low-temperature high-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 after passing through the fifth valve V5, the breaking valve 142, the check valve 144 and the hydrogenation gun 146 to perform the cooling function of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160. If the outlet temperature of the low-temperature high-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 is higher than the outlet temperature of the refrigeration device 130, at this time, the third valve V3, the fourth valve V4, the fifth valve V5, the sixth valve V6 and the first valve V1 of the valves are opened, the gas in the low-temperature high-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 provides certain power through the circulation device 120, the temperature is reduced after flowing through the pressurization device 110 and the refrigeration device 130, and the gas enters the low-temperature high-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 after passing through the fifth valve V5, the breaking valve 142, the check valve 144 and the hydrogenation gun 146, so that the cooling effect of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 is performed.
When the temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 reaches a set temperature, such as 68K or 20K, the circulation device 120 is closed, the pressurization device 110 is opened, the pressurization device 110 pressurizes the 15MPa hydrogen in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 to 35MPa to 70MPa, the high-pressure hydrogen flows through the refrigeration device 130 to become low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen flows through the breaking valve 142, the check valve 144 and the hydrogenation gun 146 and is filled into the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160.
The hydrogen filling system realizes autonomous control of the temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 160 through the circulating device 120, thereby controlling the filling speed and the filling time. In addition, the hydrogen filling system has no hydrogen loss during the filling process.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the hydrogen filling system of an embodiment includes a pressure boosting device 210, a circulation device 220, a refrigeration device 230, a filling device 240, and a measurement and control device (not shown).
The inlet of the pressure increasing device 210 is used for connecting with the hydrogen storage device 250, the outlet of the pressure increasing device 210 is connected with the inlet of the filling device 240, the outlet of the filling device 240 is used for connecting with the inlet of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260, the inlet of the refrigerating device 230 is used for connecting with the outlet of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260, the outlet of the refrigerating device 230 is connected with the inlet of the circulating device 220, and the outlet of the circulating device 220 is connected with the inlet of the filling device 240.
The pressure boosting device 210, the circulating device 220, the refrigerating device 230 and the filling device 240 are respectively connected with a measurement and control device (not shown).
In the hydrogen filling system, the refrigeration device 230 is provided to cool hydrogen, so that the temperature of the on-vehicle hydrogen storage container 260 can be lowered. By arranging the circulating device 220, the hydrogen gas participating in precooling is cooled by the refrigerating device 230 and then is pressurized into the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260. Therefore, the hydrogen filling system can recycle the hydrogen for cooling the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260, and the filling process is not damaged. In addition, by controlling the initial temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260, the filling process is not affected by the initial temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260, so that controllable filling of the filling process can be realized, and the purpose of controlling the total amount of filled gas can be achieved.
In one embodiment, hydrogen storage device 250 is a liquid hydrogen storage hydrogen refueling station. For the liquid hydrogen storage hydrogen adding station, the source of the liquid hydrogen storage system can be a liquid hydrogen tank car, railway transportation or a pipeline and the like. Specifically, the hydrogen storage system of the liquid hydrogen storage and hydrogenation station is usually a low-temperature liquid hydrogen tank car or a liquid hydrogen storage tank with a pressure of 0.2-0.6 MPa.
In one embodiment, the pressurization system is a cryogenic liquid hydrogen pump. Specifically, the pressure increasing device 210 is a plunger pump. Alternatively, the pressure boosting device 210 is typically a liquid booster pump, and the pressure boosting device 210 pumps liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen tank car at a pressure not higher than 6bar to a pressure required by the hydrogen filling system, typically higher than 35 MPa.
In one embodiment, circulation device 220 includes a cryogenic circulation pump. The circulation device 220 provides a certain circulation power during the pre-cooling process mainly by controlling the flow rate of the system.
In one embodiment, the refrigeration device 230 for a liquid hydrogen storage hydrogen refueling station is primarily used to pre-cool the gas returning within the onboard hydrogen storage vessel 260. The cold source of the refrigeration device 230 may be a cryocooler or the heat of conversion from para-hydrogen to ortho-hydrogen of the liquid hydrogen in the on-vehicle hydrogen storage container 260.
In one embodiment, the refrigeration device 230 includes a heat exchanger 234 and a refrigeration unit 232. The heat exchanger 234 includes a hydrogen line and a cooling medium line, an inlet of the hydrogen line is connected to an outlet of the on-board hydrogen storage container 260, and an outlet of the hydrogen line is connected to an inlet of the circulation device 220.
The port of the refrigerating unit 232 is connected to the inlet of the cooling medium pipe, and the outlet of the cooling medium pipe is connected to the inlet of the refrigerating unit 232.
When the refrigeration device 230 is a 20K system, the refrigeration unit 232 is a refrigerator in a 20K temperature zone, and the heat exchanger 234 provides cold energy in the pre-cooling process.
In one embodiment, the filling device 240 includes a break valve 242, a check valve 244, and a hydrogenation gun 246, which are sequentially disposed, the break valve 242 being disposed between the outlet of the pressurization device 210 and the check valve 244, and the hydrogenation gun 246 being disposed between the check valve 244 and the inlet of the on-board hydrogen storage vessel 260. The main function of the filling device 240 is to fill the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen into the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 safely, quickly, conveniently and the like.
In one embodiment, the measurement and control device is used for realizing the measurement of temperature, pressure and flow and the formulation of a corresponding control algorithm and a control strategy. The measurement and control device is used for monitoring the temperature and the pressure of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260, the outlet pressure, the temperature and the flow of the pressurization device 210, the outlet pressure, the temperature and the flow of the circulating device 220, the temperature and the pressure of a pipeline along the way and the like, and is used for selecting and safely controlling a filling strategy.
In one embodiment, an eighth valve V8 is provided between the outlet of the pressure boosting device 210 and the inlet of the priming device 240.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen filling system further includes a ninth valve V9. The ninth valve V9 is provided between the outlet of the circulation device 220 and the inlet of the filling device 240. Further, a ninth valve V9 is provided for connecting the eighth valve V8, the outlet line of the circulation device 220 and the inlet line of the filling device 240.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen filling system further includes a tenth valve V10. A tenth valve V10 is provided on the inlet line of the filling means 240.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen filling system further comprises an eleventh valve V11. An eleventh valve V11 is provided between the outlet of the on-board hydrogen storage vessel 260 and the inlet of the refrigeration unit 230.
The hydrogen filling system shown in fig. 3 works as follows, when a user drives a new energy vehicle to the hydrogen filling station 250, a hydrogen adding port of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 is connected with the hydrogen adding gun 246 of the filling device 240, and firstly, the hydrogen filling system can obtain parameters of the hydrogen storage system of the hydrogen filling station 250 according to the temperature, the pressure, the hydrogen remaining amount and other parameters in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 and prepare for hydrogen addition of the hydrogen filling system. And when the estimated cooling time of the system is longer than the set value, opening the eighth valve V8 to increase the flow gas amount, and otherwise, closing the eighth valve V8 in the precooling process.
The temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 and the temperature of the flowing-out refrigeration medium in the refrigeration unit 232 flowing through the outlet of the heat exchanger 234 are detected, when the outlet temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 is lower than the temperature of the outlet of the refrigeration medium of the heat exchanger 234, the valves V8-V11 and V13 are opened at the moment, partial cold energy is recovered from the gas in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 through the temperature of the refrigeration device 230, certain power is provided through the circulating device 220, the temperature of the gas is reduced after the gas passes through the refrigeration device 230, and the gas enters the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 after passing through the tenth valve V10, the breaking valve 242, the check valve 244 and the hydrogenation gun 246 to perform the cooling function of the vehicle. If the outlet temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 is higher than the outlet temperature of the refrigerating device 230, the valves V9, V10, V11 and V12 are opened at this time, the gas in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 provides certain power through the circulating device 220, the temperature after the refrigerating device 230 is reduced, and the gas enters the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 after passing through the tenth valve V10, the breaking valve 242, the check valve 244 and the hydrogenation gun 246 to perform the cooling function of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260.
When the temperature of the on-vehicle hydrogen storage container 260 reaches a set temperature, for example, 40K, the eighth valve V8 is opened, the pressurization device 210 pressurizes the low-pressure liquid hydrogen to 35MPa to 70MPa, and the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen is filled into the on-vehicle hydrogen storage container 260 after passing through the tenth valve V10, the snap valve 242, the check valve 244, and the hydrogenation gun 246.
For the hydrogen filling system shown in fig. 2, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device 250 is normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen, and the temperature of the hydrogen is 300K normal temperature, so in the process of pre-cooling the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260, the hydrogen needs to be cooled by the refrigerating device 230, so as to cool the low-temperature high-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260. After cooling is completed, pressurization filling of the hydrogen filling system is performed, and at this time, the refrigerating device 230 needs to be opened all the time to ensure that the gas flowing into the inlet of the low-temperature high-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 is in a low-temperature state.
For the hydrogen filling system shown in fig. 3, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device 250 is liquid hydrogen, and the temperature of the liquid hydrogen is only 20K. Therefore, the liquid hydrogen is pressurized by the plunger pump and then directly added into the low-temperature high-pressure vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 without passing through the refrigerating device 230.
The hydrogen filling system realizes autonomous temperature control of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container 260 through the circulating device 220, thereby controlling the filling speed and the filling time. In addition, the hydrogen filling system has no hydrogen loss during the filling process.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the refrigerating device is used for providing cold for cooling the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container. The circulating device is used for providing circulating power for hydrogen used for precooling the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container. The pressurizing device is used for pressurizing hydrogen filled into the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container. The filling device is used for hydrogenating the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container. The filling process can be lossless, the air source adaptability is strong, the control logic is better, the hydrogenation rate is increased, the safety of the hydrogenation process is improved, and the standardized establishment of the hydrogenation station 250 and the national and large-scale popularization and application of the hydrogen energy are facilitated. The hydrogen filling system can be used for the liquid hydrogen storage type hydrogenation device 250 and can also be used for the high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage type hydrogenation device 150.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A hydrogen filling system is characterized by comprising a supercharging device, a circulating device, a refrigerating device, a first valve, a filling device and a measurement and control device;
the refrigerating device comprises a refrigerating unit and a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange pipeline, a second heat exchange pipeline and a cooling medium pipeline, an outlet of the refrigerating unit is connected with an inlet of the cooling medium pipeline, and an outlet of the cooling medium pipeline is connected with an inlet of the refrigerating unit;
the inlet of the pressurizing device is used for being connected with a hydrogenation station, the outlet of the pressurizing device is connected with the inlet of the first heat exchange pipeline, the outlet of the first heat exchange pipeline is connected with the inlet of the filling device, and the outlet of the filling device is used for being connected with the inlet of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container;
the first valve and the second heat exchange pipeline are arranged in parallel, an inlet of the first valve and an inlet of the second heat exchange pipeline are respectively used for being connected with an outlet of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, an outlet of the first valve and an outlet of the second heat exchange pipeline are respectively connected with an inlet of the circulating device, and an outlet of the circulating device is connected with an inlet of the supercharging device;
the pressurizing device, the circulating device, the refrigerating device and the filling device are respectively connected with the measurement and control device.
2. The hydrogen filling system of claim 1, wherein the booster device is a high pressure booster compressor.
3. The hydrogen filling system of claim 1, wherein when the refrigeration device is a 20K temperature zone refrigerator, the refrigeration unit employs a turbine-refrigerated inverted brayton cycle refrigerator to provide pre-cooling process refrigeration through the heat exchanger;
when the refrigerating device is an 80K temperature zone refrigerator, the refrigerating unit is a liquid nitrogen cold source or a mixed working medium refrigerator, and cold energy is transferred to hydrogen through the heat exchanger.
4. The hydrogen filling system of claim 1, further comprising a buffer tank disposed between an outlet of the pressure boosting device and an inlet of the first heat exchange line.
5. The hydrogen filling system of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hydrogen filling station is a high pressure gas hydrogen storage hydrogen filling station.
6. A hydrogen filling system is characterized by comprising a supercharging device, a circulating device, a refrigerating device, a filling device and a measurement and control device;
the inlet of the pressurizing device is used for being connected with a hydrogen storage device, the outlet of the pressurizing device is connected with the inlet of the filling device, the outlet of the filling device is used for being connected with the inlet of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, the inlet of the refrigerating device is used for being connected with the outlet of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage container, the outlet of the refrigerating device is connected with the inlet of the circulating device, and the outlet of the circulating device is connected with the inlet of the filling device;
the pressurizing device, the circulating device, the refrigerating device and the filling device are respectively connected with the measurement and control device.
7. A hydrogen filling system as defined in claim 6, wherein the pressurization device is a plunger pump.
8. The hydrogen filling system according to claim 6, wherein the refrigerating device comprises a heat exchanger and a refrigerating unit, the heat exchanger comprises a hydrogen pipeline and a cooling medium pipeline, an inlet of the hydrogen pipeline is connected with an outlet of the on-board hydrogen storage container, and an outlet of the hydrogen pipeline is connected with an inlet of the circulating device;
the outlet of the refrigerating unit is connected with the inlet of the cooling medium pipeline, and the outlet of the cooling medium pipeline is connected with the inlet of the refrigerating unit.
9. A hydrogen filling system as defined in claim 6, wherein an eighth valve is provided between the outlet of the pressure boosting device and the inlet of the filling device.
10. The hydrogen filling system of any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the hydrogen filling station is a liquid hydrogen storage hydrogen filling station.
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CN114517889A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-05-20 佛山绿色发展创新研究院 Control method for realizing online detection of hydrogen quality and hydrogenation system
CN114517889B (en) * 2022-01-25 2024-01-23 佛山绿色发展创新研究院 Control method for realizing hydrogen quality on-line detection and hydrogenation system
CN114811439A (en) * 2022-05-09 2022-07-29 深圳市安保医疗科技股份有限公司 Hydrogen pipeline device and hydrogen production machine
CN114811439B (en) * 2022-05-09 2024-05-03 深圳市安保医疗科技股份有限公司 Hydrogen pipeline device and hydrogen production machine
CN114935108A (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-08-23 高拓微通传热技术(北京)有限公司 Hydrogenation station is with companion cold type high pressure hydrogen cooler
CN114935108B (en) * 2022-05-12 2024-03-08 高拓微通传热技术(北京)有限公司 Cold-tracing type high-pressure hydrogen cooler for hydrogenation station
CN115234831A (en) * 2022-07-01 2022-10-25 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Energy storage precooling system for hydrogen filling
CN115234831B (en) * 2022-07-01 2024-07-02 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Energy storage precooling system for hydrogen filling
CN115419822A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-12-02 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 Liquid hydrogen storage and transportation type hydrogen filling system for hydrogen refueling station by using cold energy generated by para-ortho hydrogen conversion

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