CN215496804U - Hydrogen supply system for fuel cell - Google Patents
Hydrogen supply system for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN215496804U CN215496804U CN202120841495.6U CN202120841495U CN215496804U CN 215496804 U CN215496804 U CN 215496804U CN 202120841495 U CN202120841495 U CN 202120841495U CN 215496804 U CN215496804 U CN 215496804U
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- fuel cell
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- cell stack
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- ejector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The utility model provides a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells; the hydrogen supply system includes: the system comprises a hydrogen storage bottle, a proportional valve, an electromagnetic valve, an ejector, a fuel cell stack, a tail discharge valve, a vehicle control unit, a pressure sensor and a current sensor; the hydrogen storage bottle is communicated with the inlet of the ejector through a proportional valve; the outlet of the ejector is communicated with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack; the electromagnetic valve is connected with the proportional valve in parallel; the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack is communicated with the injection joint of the injector; the tail exhaust valve is communicated with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack; the pressure sensor is arranged between the outlet of the ejector and the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack; the vehicle control unit is respectively electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the current sensor, the proportional valve, the electromagnetic valve and the tail exhaust valve, no additional energy consumption is needed, and the service performance of a hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell.
Background
Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells are widely used as the primary power source in transportation applications such as motorcycles, cars, buses, boats, and aviation, among others, and have numerous advantages such as short start-up time, compact system size, low emissions of pollutants, and relatively high system efficiency. In order to improve the fuel utilization rate, the uniform distribution of hydrogen on the anode of the cell stack is promoted; meanwhile, an anode hydrogen circulation system of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) system is widely used in order to discharge gaseous impurities (nitrogen) and excessive water at the anode side of the stack.
An anode hydrogen circulation system in the existing fuel cell hydrogen supply system needs additional energy consumption due to the fact that a hydrogen compression pump is adopted as a power device for anode hydrogen circulation, and energy waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of energy waste caused by extra energy consumption due to the fact that a hydrogen compression pump is adopted as a power device for anode hydrogen circulation in an anode hydrogen circulation system in the conventional fuel cell hydrogen supply system.
The present invention provides a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell, comprising: the system comprises a hydrogen storage bottle, a proportional valve, an electromagnetic valve, an ejector, a fuel cell stack, a tail discharge valve, a vehicle control unit, a pressure sensor and a current sensor;
the hydrogen storage bottle is communicated with the inlet of the ejector through the proportional valve; the outlet of the ejector is communicated with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack; the electromagnetic valve is connected with the proportional valve in parallel; the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack is communicated with the ejector joint of the ejector and used for circulating part of unreacted hydrogen to the fuel cell stack; the tail exhaust valve is communicated with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack;
the pressure sensor is arranged between the outlet of the ejector and the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack and used for detecting the pressure value of the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack;
the whole vehicle controller is respectively electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the current sensor, the proportional valve, the electromagnetic valve and the tail exhaust valve; the current sensor is used for detecting the output current value of the fuel cell stack; the vehicle control unit is used for receiving and comparing the output current value with the output current threshold value; when the output current value is lower than the output current threshold value, controlling the electromagnetic valve to be opened; the vehicle control unit is also used for receiving and comparing the pressure value with a pressure threshold value; when the output current value is lower than the output current threshold value and the pressure value is higher than the pressure threshold value, controlling the electromagnetic valve to be closed; and when the output current value is lower than the output current threshold value and the pressure value is lower than or equal to the pressure threshold value, controlling the electromagnetic valve to be opened.
Hydrogen fuel is typically stored in high pressure hydrogen storage tanks at high pressure to increase its bulk density, while the gas pressure in the fuel cell stack is relatively low; the high pressure difference between the hydrogen storage bottle and the fuel cell stack contains abundant pressure potential energy, the high pressure potential energy can be utilized through the ejector, and unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell stack is circulated to the fuel cell stack by the ejector, so that the hydrogen fuel is fully utilized, and a hydrogen compression pump in the prior art is replaced. However, the utility model person of the present application finds the following problems in the testing process: when the output current of the fuel cell stack is lower than the output current threshold, the fuel cell stack is in a low-power working condition, the ejector is difficult to circulate the unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell stack into the fuel cell stack, and the cyclic utilization rate of the hydrogen is reduced; meanwhile, because the gas pressure in the fuel cell stack is low, when the vehicle controller controls the tail valve to be opened, it is difficult to discharge the impurity gases in the fuel cell stack and other impurity gases to the outside of the fuel cell stack through the tail valve, which seriously affects the working efficiency of the fuel cell stack. Aiming at the problems, the utility model creatively connects the electromagnetic valve and the proportional valve in parallel; when the output current of the fuel cell stack is higher than or equal to the output current threshold value, the proportional valve is in an open state, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle enters the fuel cell stack after passing through the proportional valve and the ejector, and under the action of the ejector, part of unreacted hydrogen (including part of impurity gas) in the fuel cell stack is circulated to the fuel cell stack for continuous use; when the output current of the fuel cell stack is lower than the output current threshold value, the proportional valve is in a closed state, the whole vehicle controller controls the electromagnetic valve to be opened, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle enters the fuel cell stack through the electromagnetic valve and the ejector so as to increase the supply of the hydrogen in the fuel cell stack and improve the gas pressure in the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen supply quantity of the fuel cell stack is ensured, and simultaneously, water and other impurity gases in the fuel cell stack can be effectively discharged to the outside through the tail discharge valve, so that the ejector can be effectively used when the fuel cell stack is in a low-power or high-power working condition, and the performance of the hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell is improved.
In some preferred embodiments, the hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell further includes a first pressure regulating valve; the hydrogen storage bottle is communicated with the proportional valve through the first pressure regulating valve; and the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the first pressure regulating valve and is used for controlling the opening or closing of the first pressure regulating valve.
In some preferred embodiments, the hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell further includes a second pressure regulating valve; the second pressure regulating valve is connected with the electromagnetic valve in series and is connected with the proportional valve in parallel; and the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the second pressure regulating valve and is used for controlling the opening or closing of the second pressure regulating valve.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the ejector of the hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell is used as a power device for anode hydrogen circulation in the fuel cell stack, and the reacted hydrogen in the fuel cell stack is circulated into the fuel cell stack by utilizing the pressure potential energy accumulated by the high pressure difference between the hydrogen storage bottle and the fuel cell stack, so that the hydrogen is recycled, the additional energy consumption is not needed, and the technical problem that the additional energy consumption is needed because a hydrogen compression pump is used as the power device for anode hydrogen circulation is solved; in addition, the hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell can effectively discharge water and other impurity gases in the fuel cell stack to the outside through the tail discharge valve while ensuring the hydrogen supply quantity of the fuel cell stack, so that the ejector can be effectively used when the fuel cell stack is in a low-power or high-power working condition, and the service performance of the hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of the hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an ejector 6 in the hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell of fig. 1;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a hydrogen supply method for a fuel cell in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1, hydrogen storage bottle; 2. a first pressure regulating valve; 3. a second pressure regulating valve; 4. an electromagnetic valve; 5. a proportional valve; 6. an ejector; 601. an eductor inlet; 602. an injection joint; 603. An ejector outlet; 7. a pressure sensor; 8. a fuel cell stack; 9. a tail discharge valve; 10. a vehicle control unit; 11. and a current sensor.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the utility model and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the utility model and not to limit the scope of the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell, including: the system comprises a hydrogen storage bottle 1, a proportional valve 5, an electromagnetic valve 4, an ejector 6, a fuel cell stack 8, a tail exhaust valve 9, a vehicle control unit 10, a pressure sensor 7, a current sensor 11, a first pressure regulating valve 2 and a second pressure regulating valve 3.
The hydrogen storage bottle 1 is communicated with the inlet 601 of the ejector sequentially through the first pressure regulating valve 2 and the proportional valve 5; the eductor outlet 603 is in communication with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack 8; the second pressure regulating valve 3 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 4 in series; the second pressure regulating valve 3 and the electromagnetic valve 4 are connected with the proportional valve 5 in parallel; the first pressure regulating valve 2 is communicated with the proportional valve 5 and the second pressure regulating valve 3 respectively; the inlet 601 of the ejector is respectively communicated with the proportional valve 5 and the electromagnetic valve 4; the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack 8 is communicated with the ejector connector 602 of the ejector 6 and used for circulating part of unreacted hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 8; the tail exhaust valve 9 is communicated with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack 8; the tail valve 9 is used for discharging unreacted hydrogen, impurity gases and water generated in the fuel cell stack 8 to the outside of the fuel cell stack 8; the tail valve 9 is controlled to be opened or closed by the vehicle controller 10.
The pressure sensor 7 is disposed between the ejector outlet 603 and the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack 8, and is configured to detect a pressure value of the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack 8, and send the pressure value to the vehicle control unit 10.
The vehicle control unit 10 is respectively electrically connected with the pressure sensor 7, the current sensor 11, the proportional valve 5, the electromagnetic valve 4, the tail exhaust valve 9, the first pressure regulating valve 2 and the second pressure regulating valve 3; the current sensor 11 is configured to detect an output current value of the fuel cell stack 8 and send the output current value to the vehicle control unit 10; the vehicle control unit 10 is configured to receive and compare the output current value with an output current threshold value; when the output current value is higher than or equal to the output current threshold value, the proportional valve 5 is in an open state, the electromagnetic valve 4 and the second pressure regulating valve 3 are in a closed state, and hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 1 enters the fuel cell stack 8 through the first pressure regulating valve 2, the proportional valve 5 and the ejector 6; when the output current value is lower than the output current threshold value, the fuel cell stack 8 is in a low-power working condition, and the hydrogen quantity required by the fuel cell stack 8 is less; at this time, the ejector 6 cannot be used effectively, and is not beneficial to discharging water and other gas impurities in the fuel cell stack 8; the vehicle controller 10 controls the proportional valve 5 to be closed and controls the electromagnetic valve 4 to be opened; when the pressure value is higher than the pressure threshold value, the electromagnetic valve 4 is controlled to be closed; when the pressure value is reduced to be lower than the pressure threshold value, the electromagnetic valve 4 is controlled to be opened; thereby providing a pulsed supply of hydrogen gas that facilitates removal of water and other gaseous impurities from the fuel cell stack 8 while ensuring an adequate supply of hydrogen gas.
When the output current of the fuel cell stack 8 is higher than or equal to the output current threshold, the proportional valve 5 is in an open state, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 1 enters the fuel cell stack 8 after passing through the proportional valve 5 and the ejector 6, and under the action of the ejector 6, part of the hydrogen (including part of impurity gas) which is not reacted in the fuel cell stack 8 is circulated to the fuel cell stack 8 for continuous use; at the moment, the fuel cell stack 8 is in a high-power working condition, and the ejector 6 can be effectively used; when the output current of the fuel cell stack 8 is lower than the output current threshold value, the proportional valve 5 is in a closed state, the vehicle controller 10 controls the second pressure regulating valve 3 and the electromagnetic valve 4 to be opened, so as to increase the supply of hydrogen in the fuel cell stack 8 and increase the gas pressure in the fuel cell stack 8, and while the hydrogen supply amount of the fuel cell stack 8 is ensured, water and other impurity gases in the fuel cell stack 8 can be effectively discharged to the outside through the tail discharge valve 9, so that the ejector 6 can be effectively used when the fuel cell stack 8 is in a low-power or high-power working condition, and the service performance of the hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell is improved.
The output current threshold and the pressure threshold may be set according to performance parameters of the fuel cell stack 8.
Referring to fig. 4, the hydrogen supply method using the gas supply system for a fuel cell in the present embodiment includes the steps of:
s1, starting the hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell to ensure that the hydrogen supply system for the fuel cell works normally;
s2, detecting the output current value of the fuel cell stack 8 by the current sensor 11, and sending the output current value to the vehicle control unit 10;
s3, the vehicle control unit 10 receives and compares the output current value with the output current threshold value; when the output current value is lower than the output current threshold value, the vehicle controller 10 controls the proportional valve 5 to close and controls the second pressure regulating valve 3 and the electromagnetic valve 4 to open so as to increase the hydrogen supply amount in the fuel cell stack 8 and increase the gas pressure in the fuel cell stack 8;
s4, detecting the pressure value of the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack 8 by the pressure sensor 7, and sending the pressure value to the vehicle controller 10;
s5, the vehicle control unit 10 receives and compares the pressure value with a pressure threshold value; when the output current value is lower than the output current threshold value and the pressure value is higher than the pressure threshold value, controlling the electromagnetic valve 4 to close; and when the output current value is lower than the output current threshold value and the pressure value is lower than or equal to the pressure threshold value, the control electromagnetic valve 4 is opened.
In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell, comprising: the system comprises a hydrogen storage bottle, a proportional valve, an electromagnetic valve, an ejector, a fuel cell stack, a tail discharge valve, a vehicle control unit, a pressure sensor and a current sensor;
the hydrogen storage bottle is communicated with the inlet of the ejector through the proportional valve; the outlet of the ejector is communicated with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack; the electromagnetic valve is connected with the proportional valve in parallel; the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack is communicated with the ejector joint of the ejector and used for circulating part of unreacted hydrogen to the fuel cell stack; the tail exhaust valve is communicated with a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack;
the pressure sensor is arranged between the outlet of the ejector and the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack and used for detecting the pressure value of the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack;
the whole vehicle controller is respectively electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the current sensor, the proportional valve, the electromagnetic valve and the tail exhaust valve; the current sensor is used for detecting the output current value of the fuel cell stack.
2. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell according to claim 1, further comprising a first pressure regulating valve; the hydrogen storage bottle is communicated with the proportional valve through the first pressure regulating valve; and the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the first pressure regulating valve and is used for controlling the opening or closing of the first pressure regulating valve.
3. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell according to claim 1, further comprising a second pressure regulating valve; the second pressure regulating valve is connected with the electromagnetic valve in series and is connected with the proportional valve in parallel; and the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the second pressure regulating valve and is used for controlling the opening or closing of the second pressure regulating valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120841495.6U CN215496804U (en) | 2021-04-22 | 2021-04-22 | Hydrogen supply system for fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120841495.6U CN215496804U (en) | 2021-04-22 | 2021-04-22 | Hydrogen supply system for fuel cell |
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| CN215496804U true CN215496804U (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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| CN202120841495.6U Active CN215496804U (en) | 2021-04-22 | 2021-04-22 | Hydrogen supply system for fuel cell |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114665128A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-24 | 上海捷氢科技股份有限公司 | Solid hydrogen storage and supply device and hydrogen supply method |
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2021
- 2021-04-22 CN CN202120841495.6U patent/CN215496804U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114665128A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-24 | 上海捷氢科技股份有限公司 | Solid hydrogen storage and supply device and hydrogen supply method |
| CN114665128B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-12-19 | 上海捷氢科技股份有限公司 | Solid-state hydrogen storage and supply device and hydrogen supply method |
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