CN114088812A - Method for evaluating vibration of surrounding soil body in shield tunnel construction - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating vibration of surrounding soil body in shield tunnel construction, which comprises the following steps: s1, collecting a soil body of a construction site to obtain a soil body sample; s2, obtaining the safety coefficient of the soil body sample and the vibration conduction capability of the soil body sample based on the soil body sample; s3, determining the vibration bearing capacity of the soil body sample based on the soil body sample; and S4, completing soil body vibration evaluation according to the safety coefficient, the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil body sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating vibration of surrounding soil bodies in shield tunnel construction.
Background
The shield technology originally originated from 18 th century and did not come from imperial to propose the concept of building transverse thames river tunnels under london, and discussed the specific excavation method and the problems of using machinery and the like. The hope of achieving this concept began by 1798, but planning was frustrated because the shaft was not excavated to the desired depth. However, the concept of traversing the thames river tunnel is increasing, and after 4 years it is decided to build a tunnel connecting both banks from another location, and then the project is started again. During construction, various difficulties are overcome, when the tunnel is tunneled to the last 30m, the tunnel which is steeply immersed in water on the excavation face is submerged by water, the assumption of traversing the Times river is broken again, and the project takes 5 years from the beginning to the forced termination. The program traversing the thames river did not progress significantly in the next 10 years. The shield construction method is provided and patented on the basis that the tunnel formation process of a floor of a wood ship corroded by small worms is observed in Brunel in 1818. This is the prototype of the so-called open type hand shield.
The shield construction method is successively introduced into the countries of the United states, France, Germany, Japan, Soviet Union and the like from the end of the 19 th century to the middle of the 20 th century, and is developed to different degrees. The first closed shield was developed in 1892 us; in the same year, the concrete segments are used by Paris in France to build a sewer tunnel; in 1896-1899 Germany, a Berlin tunnel is constructed by using steel pipe sheets; in 1913, a northeast river tunnel with a horseshoe-shaped west surface is built and cleaned in Germany; in 1917, a shield construction method is adopted in Japan to construct a national iron feather crossing line, and then the use is stopped due to poor geological conditions; in 1931, a Moscow subway tunnel is constructed by a British shield for the Su Union, and chemical grouting and freezing methods are used in construction; in 1939, a door-closing tunnel with the diameter of 7m is constructed in Japan by adopting a circular digging shield; in 1948, a Lianninger subway tunnel is built in Soviet Union; in 1957, the Chinese Beijing built
A 2.6m shield sewer tunnel; in 1957, closed shield tunneling was adopted in Japan to construct Tokyo subway tunnels. In a word, although the shield construction method is improved in the 50-60 years, the shield construction method is characterized by being popularized and popularized in all countries in the world in the period.
Next, the shield technology is widely applied and greatly developed, and various novel shield construction methods mainly including a muddy water type shield construction method and an earth pressure type shield construction method have been developed at present.
However, the shield construction of urban subways often generates excessive disturbance to rocks or soil around a tunnel, and needs to perform timely data monitoring, but many construction sites do not particularly support field in-situ tests, so that a new evaluation method needs to be introduced to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the method for evaluating the vibration of the surrounding soil body by shield tunnel construction solves the problem that the safety of disturbance of the surrounding soil body by shield construction is difficult to evaluate.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for evaluating vibration of surrounding soil mass in shield tunnel construction comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting a soil body of a construction site to obtain a soil body sample;
s2, obtaining the safety coefficient of the soil body sample and the vibration conduction capability of the soil body sample based on the soil body sample;
s3, determining the vibration bearing capacity of the soil body sample based on the soil body sample;
and S4, completing soil body vibration evaluation according to the safety coefficient, the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil body sample.
Further: the step S1 specifically includes: and randomly collecting soil on the excavation surface at a construction site, collecting fixed soil in the depth direction of the excavation surface, and taking the collected soil back to a laboratory to sample the soil to obtain a soil sample.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the soil body of the construction site can be comprehensively analyzed by randomly sampling in the construction site.
Further: in the step S2, the safety factors of the soil sample include the safety factor of the soil sample in the initial state and the safety factor of the soil sample after vibration;
the step S2 specifically includes: determining a safety coefficient of a soil body sample in an initial state, obtaining a vibrated soil body sample by the soil body sample through a vibration test, and determining the safety coefficient of the vibrated soil body sample; determining the safety coefficient of the soil body sample as a first grade every 0.1 interval;
and (3) obtaining a vibrated soil sample according to a vibration test, and recording the displacement value of a test piece for placing the soil sample, thereby determining the vibration conduction capability of the soil sample.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the safety factors of the soil samples are graded accurately, and safety evaluation on the soil on a construction site is facilitated.
Further: the method for obtaining the vibrated soil sample specifically comprises the following steps:
collecting the vibration frequency of a shield machine in the shield construction site during working, simulating the construction frequency by using a laboratory vibration table, simulating the original ground stress state, wrapping and fixing the collected soil samples one by using a shield tunnel similar strength material, and placing the wrapped soil samples on a test table for vibration test to obtain a vibrated soil sample; the method comprises the following steps of (1) simulating the propelling speed of the shield tunneling machine in the vibration duration: 1 min/specimen 90 mm.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the vibration conduction capability of the soil sample can be accurately obtained by simulating the vibration frequency under the construction environment in a laboratory.
Further: the method for determining the safety coefficient of the soil mass sample specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the circle centers of the sliding surface and the sliding surface circular arc of the soil mass sample, dividing the soil mass sample into a plurality of vertical soil strips, neglecting the action of vertical shearing force among the soil strips, and obtaining the safety coefficient F of the soil mass samplesThe expression of (c) is specifically:
wherein i is the ordinal number of the soil strips, n is the total number of the soil strips, and WiIs the gravity of the soil strip i, ciThe cohesive force on the sliding surface of the soil strip i,
is the internal friction on the sliding surface of the soil strip i, aiIs the angle between the normal line and the vertical line on the sliding surface of the soil strip iiIs the length of the sliding surface of the soil strip i; m isiThe iteration value of the soil strip i is obtained;
wherein the iteration value m of the soil strip iiThe expression (c) is specifically:
calculating soil sample safety factor FsThe method comprises the following steps: calculating F by iterative methodsFirst assume FsBy the iterative value m of the soil strip iiThe expression of (2) calculates an iteration value miThen the iteration value m is calculatediSafety factor F substituted into soil samplesThe expression of (A) calculates a new soil sample safety coefficient Fs'; repeatedly iterating to soil sample safety factor FsAnd new soil sample safety factor FsThe difference between the samples is less than 0.005 to obtain the safety coefficient F of the soil samples。
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the method for determining the safety coefficient of the soil sample is simple in calculation and high in precision.
Further: the step S3 specifically includes:
placing the soil sample in a test tube, and calculating the vibration acting force of the soil sample through a vibration test so as to determine the vibration bearing capacity of the soil sample; the vibration acting force of the soil body sample comprises a vibration bending moment M, a vibration axial force N and a vibration shearing force Q.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: and analyzing to obtain the vibration bearing capacity of the soil body on the construction site according to the calculated vibration acting force of the soil body sample.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the expressions for calculating the vibration bending moment M, the vibration axial force N and the vibration shearing force Q are specifically as follows:
in the formula, beta is a correction coefficient, R is a tunnel radius, lsIs the degree of bending resistance of the tube sheet per unit length, HgIs the thickness of the tunnel foundation soil body, UhFor the vibration displacement of the soil sample, H is the distance from the soil sample to the soil surface, GDThe dynamic shear elastic modulus of the tunnel foundation is shown.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the vibration bending moment M, the vibration axial force N and the vibration shearing force Q calculated through the vibration test can be used for analyzing the vibration bearing capacity of the soil sample, and further determining the vibration bearing capacity of the soil on the construction site.
Further: the step S4 specifically includes: judging whether advanced reinforcement treatment needs to be carried out on soil around the shield tunnel according to the difference between the safety coefficient of the soil sample in the initial state and the safety coefficient of the soil sample after vibration and further according to the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil sample, and finishing soil vibration evaluation;
the method for judging whether the soil around the shield tunnel needs to be subjected to advanced reinforcement treatment specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a threshold value of a difference value between the safety factors of soil samples, a threshold value of the vibration conduction capability and a threshold value of the vibration bearing capability of the soil samples according to the collected shield tunnel soil;
when one of the determined difference between the safety factors of the soil samples and the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil samples is larger than the set threshold value;
the soil around the shield tunnel needs to be reinforced in advance; otherwise, the advanced reinforcement treatment of the soil around the shield tunnel is not needed.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the safety coefficient, the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil mass sample are used as evaluation indexes of soil mass vibration evaluation, and accurate soil mass vibration evaluation can be obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method, the bearing capacity of the soil quality with different types and different burial depths to the vibration disturbance generated by shield excavation can be obtained by performing laboratory measurement on the soil body and determining the safety coefficient grade, the grade classification and other processing methods of the soil body.
(2) The method can well process the construction road section which is difficult to carry out the in-situ test during excavation, can also store the soil sample data, still has guiding significance for the soil vibration evaluation of the project of later construction, and can greatly improve the construction safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the determination of the safety factor of a soil sample.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for evaluating vibration of a surrounding soil body in shield tunnel construction includes the following steps:
s1, collecting a soil body of a construction site to obtain a soil body sample;
s2, obtaining the safety coefficient of the soil sample and the vibration conduction capability of the soil sample based on the soil sample;
s3, determining the vibration bearing capacity of the soil sample through a vibration test;
and S4, completing soil body vibration evaluation according to the safety coefficient, the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil body sample.
The step S1 specifically includes: and randomly collecting soil on the excavation surface at a construction site, collecting fixed soil in the depth direction of the excavation surface, and taking the collected soil back to a laboratory to sample the soil to obtain a soil sample.
In the step S2, the safety factors of the soil sample include the safety factor of the soil sample in the initial state and the safety factor of the soil sample after vibration;
the step S2 specifically includes: determining a safety coefficient of a soil body sample in an initial state, obtaining a vibrated soil body sample by the soil body sample through a vibration test, and determining the safety coefficient of the vibrated soil body sample; determining the safety coefficient of the soil body sample as a first grade every 0.1 interval;
and (3) obtaining a vibrated soil sample according to a vibration test, and recording the displacement value of a test piece for placing the soil sample, thereby determining the vibration conduction capability of the soil sample.
The method for obtaining the vibrated soil sample specifically comprises the following steps:
collecting the vibration frequency of a shield machine in the shield construction site during working, simulating the construction frequency by using a laboratory vibration table, simulating the original ground stress state, wrapping and fixing the collected soil samples one by using a shield tunnel similar strength material, and placing the wrapped soil samples on a test table for vibration test to obtain a vibrated soil sample; the method comprises the following steps of (1) simulating the propelling speed of the shield tunneling machine in the vibration duration: 1 min/specimen 90 mm.
The method for determining the safety coefficient of the soil mass sample specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in figure 2, the slip plane and the slip of the soil sample are determinedDividing the soil body sample into a plurality of vertical soil strips at the center of the surface arc, neglecting the action of vertical shearing force between the soil strips, and obtaining the safety factor F of the soil body samplesThe expression (c) is specifically:
wherein i is the ordinal number of the soil strips, n is the total number of the soil strips, and WiIs the weight of the soil strip i, ciThe cohesive force on the sliding surface of the soil strip i,
is the internal friction on the sliding surface of the soil strip i, aiIs the angle between the normal line and the vertical line on the sliding surface of the soil strip iiIs the length of the sliding surface of the soil strip i; m is a unit ofiThe iteration value of the soil strip i is obtained;
wherein the iteration value m of the soil strip iiThe expression of (c) is specifically:
calculating soil sample safety factor FsThe method comprises the following steps: calculating F by iterative methodsFirst assume FsBy the iterative value m of the soil strip iiThe expression of (2) calculates an iteration value miThen the iteration value m is calculatediSafety factor F substituted into soil samplesThe expression of (A) calculates a new soil sample safety coefficient Fs'; repeatedly iterating to soil sample safety factor FsAnd new soil sample safety factor FsThe difference between the samples is less than 0.005 to obtain the safety coefficient F of the soil samples。
The method for determining the safety coefficient of the soil sample is simple in calculation and high in precision.
The step S3 specifically includes:
placing the soil sample in a test tube, and calculating the vibration acting force of the soil sample through a vibration test so as to determine the vibration bearing capacity of the soil sample; the vibration acting force of the soil body sample comprises a vibration bending moment M, a vibration axial force N and a vibration shearing force Q.
The expression for calculating the vibration bending moment M, the vibration axial force N and the vibration shearing force Q is specifically as follows:
in the formula, beta is a correction coefficient, R is a tunnel radius, lsIs the degree of bending resistance of the tube sheet per unit length, HgIs the thickness of the tunnel foundation soil body, UhThe soil sample is subjected to vibration displacement, H is the distance from the soil sample to the soil surface, GDThe dynamic shear elastic modulus of the tunnel foundation is shown.
The vibration bending moment M, the vibration axial force N and the vibration shearing force Q calculated through the vibration test can be used for analyzing the vibration bearing capacity of the soil sample, and further determining the vibration bearing capacity of the soil on the construction site.
The step S4 specifically includes: judging whether advanced reinforcement treatment needs to be carried out on the soil around the shield tunnel according to the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil sample and the difference between the safety coefficient of the soil sample in the initial state and the safety coefficient of the soil sample after vibration, and finishing soil vibration evaluation;
the method for judging whether the soil around the shield tunnel needs to be subjected to advanced reinforcement treatment specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a threshold value of a difference value between the safety factors of soil samples, a threshold value of the vibration conduction capability and a threshold value of the vibration bearing capability of the soil samples according to the collected shield tunnel soil;
when one of the determined difference between the safety factors of the soil samples and the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil samples is larger than the set threshold value;
the soil around the shield tunnel needs to be reinforced in advance; otherwise, the advanced reinforcement treatment of the soil around the shield tunnel is not needed.
The safety coefficient, the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil mass sample are used as evaluation indexes of soil mass vibration evaluation, and accurate soil mass vibration evaluation can be obtained.
The method of the invention comprises the following implementation processes: random sampling of an excavation surface is carried out on a construction site, fixed sampling is carried out in the depth direction of the excavation surface, the soil body is brought back to a laboratory to sample the soil body, the safety coefficients of the soil body samples in the initial state are determined one by one under the condition of no vibration by calculating the soil body, each safety coefficient interval is 0.1, the soil body is determined as a first level, and the soil body is graded so as to determine the grade of the safety coefficient of the soil body; simulating construction frequency by using a laboratory vibration table, wrapping and fixing the collected soil samples one by one, placing the soil samples on a test table for vibration test, recording the displacement value of a test piece and determining the vibration conduction capacity of the soil samples; and calculating the safety factor of the vibrated test piece again, determining the grade of the safety factor of the vibrated soil sample, placing the soil sample in a test tube, calculating the vibration acting force of the soil sample through a vibration test, evaluating the stability of the soil around the shield tunnel according to the difference between the safety factor of the soil sample in the initial state and the safety factor of the vibrated soil sample and combining the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil sample, and judging whether the soil around the shield tunnel needs to be subjected to advanced reinforcement treatment or not.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method, the bearing capacity of soil qualities with different types and different burial depths to vibration disturbance generated by shield excavation can be obtained by performing laboratory measurement on the soil body and determining the safety coefficient grade, grade classification and other processing methods of the soil body.
The method can well process the construction road section which is difficult to carry out the in-situ test during excavation, can also store the soil sample data, still has guiding significance for the soil vibration evaluation of the project of later construction, and can greatly improve the construction safety.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "radial," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the figures, which are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or an implicit indication of the number of technical features. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
Claims (8)
1. A method for evaluating vibration of surrounding soil mass in shield tunnel construction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting a soil body of a construction site to obtain a soil body sample;
s2, obtaining the safety coefficient of the soil sample and the vibration conduction capability of the soil sample based on the soil sample;
s3, determining the vibration bearing capacity of the soil sample through a vibration test;
and S4, completing soil body vibration evaluation according to the safety coefficient, the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil body sample.
2. The method for evaluating vibration of surrounding soil mass in shield tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 specifically comprises: and randomly collecting soil on the excavation surface at a construction site, collecting fixed soil in the depth direction of the excavation surface, and taking the collected soil back to a laboratory to sample the soil to obtain a soil sample.
3. The method for evaluating vibration of surrounding soil mass in shield tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the safety factors of the soil mass samples include the safety factor of the soil mass sample in an initial state and the safety factor of the soil mass sample after vibration;
the step S2 specifically includes: determining a safety coefficient of a soil body sample in an initial state, obtaining a vibrated soil body sample by the soil body sample through a vibration test, and determining the safety coefficient of the vibrated soil body sample; determining the safety coefficient of the soil body sample as a first grade every 0.1 interval;
and (3) obtaining a vibrated soil sample according to a vibration test, and recording the displacement value of a test piece for placing the soil sample, thereby determining the vibration conduction capability of the soil sample.
4. The method for evaluating the vibration of the surrounding soil body in the shield tunnel construction according to claim 3, wherein the method for obtaining the vibrated soil body sample specifically comprises the following steps:
collecting the vibration frequency of a shield machine in the shield construction site during working, simulating the construction frequency by using a laboratory vibration table, simulating the original ground stress state, wrapping and fixing the collected soil samples one by using a shield tunnel similar strength material, and placing the wrapped soil samples on a test table for vibration test to obtain a vibrated soil sample; the method comprises the following steps of (1) simulating the propelling speed of the shield tunneling machine in the vibration duration: 1 min/specimen 90 mm.
5. The method for evaluating the vibration of the surrounding soil mass in the shield tunnel construction according to claim 3, wherein the method for determining the safety coefficient of the soil mass sample specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the circle centers of the sliding surface and the sliding surface circular arc of the soil mass sample, dividing the soil mass sample into a plurality of vertical soil strips, neglecting the action of vertical shearing force among the soil strips, and obtaining the safety coefficient F of the soil mass samplesThe expression (c) is specifically:
wherein i is the ordinal number of the soil strips, n is the total number of the soil strips, WiIs the gravity of the soil strip i, ciThe cohesive force on the sliding surface of the soil strip i,
is the internal friction on the sliding surface of the soil strip i, aiIs the angle between the normal line and the vertical line on the sliding surface of the soil strip iiIs the length of the sliding surface of the soil strip i; m is a unit ofiIs the iteration value of the soil strip i;
wherein the iteration value m of the soil strip iiThe expression (c) is specifically:
calculating soil sample safety factor FsThe method comprises the following steps: calculating F by iterative methodsFirst assume FsBy the iterative value m of the soil strip iiThe expression of (2) calculates an iteration value miThen the iteration value m is calculatediSafety factor F substituted into soil samplesThe expression of (A) calculates a new soil sample safety coefficient Fs'; repeatedly iterating to soil sample safety factor FsAnd new soil sample safety factor FsThe difference between the samples is less than 0.005 to obtain the safety coefficient F of the soil samples。
6. The method for evaluating vibration of surrounding soil mass in shield tunnel construction according to claim 3, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises:
placing the soil mass sample in a test tube, and calculating the vibration acting force of the soil mass sample through a vibration test so as to determine the vibration bearing capacity of the soil mass sample; the vibration acting force of the soil body sample comprises a vibration bending moment M, a vibration axial force N and a vibration shearing force Q.
7. The method for evaluating the vibration of the surrounding soil body in shield tunnel construction according to claim 6, wherein the expressions for calculating the vibration bending moment M, the vibration axial force N and the vibration shearing force Q are specifically as follows:
in the formula, beta is a correction coefficient, R is a tunnel radius, lsIs the bending resistance of the segment per unit length, HgIs the thickness of the tunnel foundation soil body, UhThe soil sample is subjected to vibration displacement, H is the distance from the soil sample to the soil surface, GDThe dynamic shear elastic modulus of the tunnel foundation is shown.
8. The method for evaluating vibration of a surrounding soil body in shield tunnel construction according to claim 6, wherein the step S4 specifically comprises: judging whether advanced reinforcement treatment needs to be carried out on soil around the shield tunnel according to the difference between the safety coefficient of the soil sample in the initial state and the safety coefficient of the soil sample after vibration and further according to the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil sample, and finishing soil vibration evaluation;
the method for judging whether the soil around the shield tunnel needs to be subjected to advanced reinforcement treatment specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a threshold value of a difference value between the safety factors of soil samples, a threshold value of the vibration conduction capability and a threshold value of the vibration bearing capability of the soil samples according to the collected shield tunnel soil;
when one of the determined difference between the safety factors of the soil samples and the vibration conduction capability and the vibration bearing capability of the soil samples is larger than the set threshold value;
the soil around the shield tunnel needs to be reinforced in advance; otherwise, the advanced reinforcement treatment of the soil around the shield tunnel is not needed.
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| CN116307727A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-23 | 广州市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司 | Underwater shield tunnel excavation evaluation method and device |
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