CN114081933A - Medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114081933A
CN114081933A CN202111610078.1A CN202111610078A CN114081933A CN 114081933 A CN114081933 A CN 114081933A CN 202111610078 A CN202111610078 A CN 202111610078A CN 114081933 A CN114081933 A CN 114081933A
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parts
cough
medicine
dampness
extracting
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莫小干
任国蓝
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Jiangxi Zhangshu Zhengkang Medical Biological Technology Co ltd
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Jiangxi Zhangshu Zhengkang Medical Biological Technology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/73—Rosaceae (Rose family), e.g. strawberry, chokeberry, blackberry, pear or firethorn
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7016—Disaccharides, e.g. lactose, lactulose
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
    • A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
    • A61K36/076—Poria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
    • A61K36/287—Chrysanthemum, e.g. daisy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/34—Campanulaceae (Bellflower family)
    • A61K36/346—Platycodon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/53—Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
    • A61K36/535—Perilla (beefsteak plant)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/72—Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn family), e.g. buckthorn, chewstick or umbrella-tree
    • A61K36/725—Ziziphus, e.g. jujube
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/73—Rosaceae (Rose family), e.g. strawberry, chokeberry, blackberry, pear or firethorn
    • A61K36/734—Crataegus (hawthorn)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
    • A61K36/899—Poaceae or Gramineae (Grass family), e.g. bamboo, corn or sugar cane
    • A61K36/8998—Hordeum (barley)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/69—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
    • A61K47/6949—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes
    • A61K47/6951—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes using cyclodextrin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
    • A61K2236/15—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving mechanical treatment, e.g. chopping up, cutting or grinding
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
    • A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
    • A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
    • A61K2236/37—Extraction at elevated pressure or temperature, e.g. pressurized solvent extraction [PSE], supercritical carbon dioxide extraction or subcritical water extraction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
    • A61K2236/39—Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
    • A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
    • A61K2236/53—Liquid-solid separation, e.g. centrifugation, sedimentation or crystallization

Abstract

The invention discloses a medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicines, wherein the medicine comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-12 parts of snow pears, 1-6 parts of rock sugar, 10-20 parts of loquat leaves, 5-13 parts of Chinese dates, 1-9 parts of hawthorn, 10-20 parts of poria cocos, 10-20 parts of malt and 20-25 parts of perilla leaves. The method avoids the loss of volatile oil in the decoction process to cause the weakening of drug effect.

Description

Medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicines, in particular to a medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The Chinese and western medicine families mutually call the cold and the common cold, and the concepts of the cold are basically the same. The pathogenesis of the cold is as follows: when the climate changes and the cold is suffered from cold, the pathogenic wind-cold attacks from the mouth, nose and skin and hair, which causes the disturbance of the lung-defense system and the failure of the lung-qi to disperse. Disharmony between defensive exterior causes aversion to cold, fever, headache, body pain and general malaise; when lung fails to disperse and descend, there are nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, sneezing, itching throat, profuse voice, sore throat and cough. Because six qi are different in four seasons and the nature of the body is different, clinically there are different syndromes of wind-cold, wind-heat, etc., and there may be transformation or interminglement of cold and heat. The cold is generally treated by the traditional Chinese medicine according to wind-cold and wind-heat by respectively adopting pungent-warm property, pungent-cool property, lung ventilating and releasing exterior, lung and wei harmonizing and the like.
At present, the cold cough is treated clinically mostly according to symptoms, and particularly, the primary medical institution is forced to stress patients, so that hormone and antibiotic are overflowed. Although the use of hormone can bring down fever rapidly, hormone dependence or a plurality of side effects such as obesity, osteoporosis and the like are easy to cause; antibiotics have different degrees of influence on most of heart, brain, kidney, skin and blood; when the antibiotics kill germs, sensitive normal bacteria in the body can be inhibited or killed, so that the dysbacteriosis in the body is caused; also, the abuse of antibiotics tends to lead to an increase in resistant strains in the population.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a dampness eliminating medicine for treating cold, cough and preparation method thereof.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-12 parts of snow pears, 1-6 parts of rock sugar, 10-20 parts of loquat leaves, 5-13 parts of Chinese dates, 1-9 parts of hawthorn, 10-20 parts of poria cocos, 10-20 parts of malt and 20-25 parts of perilla leaves.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: 30-45 parts of platycodon grandiflorum and 10-30 parts of wild chrysanthemum.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness,
pulverizing folium Eriobotryae, fructus Jujubae, fructus crataegi, Poria, folium Hordei Germinatus, radix Platycodi, and flos Chrysanthemi Indici, mixing, soaking in water for 1-4h, decocting for at least 2 times, extracting for 2-3h for the first time, adding fructus Pyri and crystal sugar for extracting for 1-1.5h for the second time, decocting for each time with water amount 3-8 times of the initial mass of the medicinal materials, filtering, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain fluid extract, adding ethanol to adjust ethanol content to 50-55%, standing for 20-30h, and filtering to obtain refined extractive solution; extracting volatile oil from folium Perillae to obtain volatile oil, mixing the refined extractive solution with the volatile oil to obtain mixture, adding starch and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin into the mixture, mixing, granulating, drying, and making into granule.
Preferably, the specific extraction method of the perilla leaf volatile oil comprises the following steps:
crushing folium Perillae into 20-60 mesh powder, and adding into supercritical CO2In the extraction kettle of the fluid extraction instrument, the extraction pressure is 15-25Mpa, the temperature is 38-42 ℃, and 95-105L/minCO is introduced2Extracting for 1.5-2.5 h.
Preferably, said is at CO2Mixing the perilla leaves with a non-volatile porous carrier before supercritical extraction.
Preferably, the non-volatile porous support is activated carbon or zeolite.
Preferably, the fluid extract has a relative density of 1-1.03 at 50 deg.C.
Preferably, the mass-to-volume ratio kg/L of the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the mixture is 6-9: 1.
Snow pears: sweet in taste and cold in nature, and has the effects of promoting the production of body fluid, moistening dryness, clearing heat, eliminating phlegm, nourishing blood and promoting granulation.
Rock sugar: sweet in flavor and neutral in nature, entering lung and spleen meridians; has the effects of tonifying middle-jiao and Qi, harmonizing stomach and moistening lung, nourishing yin, promoting the production of body fluid, moistening lung and relieving cough.
Loquat leaf: bitter taste and slightly cold nature, entering lung and stomach meridians, and good at directing adverse flow of qi in lung and stomach to relieve cough and arrest vomiting, it is indicated for cough due to phlegm-heat and vomiting due to stomach-heat.
Chinese date: has the functions of invigorating spleen and stomach, nourishing heart, tranquilizing, moistening heart and lung and relieving cough. Tonify five internal organs, treat deficiency and strain, and remove gastrointestinal tinea.
Hawthorn fruit: has the effects of invigorating spleen, stimulating appetite, promoting digestion, removing food stagnation, promoting blood circulation, and eliminating phlegm.
Tuckahoe, poria cocos: sweet and bland in nature and taste. It enters liver, stomach and spleen meridians. Has the effects of removing toxic substances, eliminating dampness and benefiting joints.
Malt: sweet in nature and taste, mild in nature and mild in nature, enters liver, stomach and spleen channels, and has the effects of promoting qi circulation to promote digestion, strengthening spleen to stimulate appetite, soothing liver and harmonizing stomach.
Perilla leaf: relieving exterior syndrome, dispelling cold, regulating qi-flowing, harmonizing ying, promoting qi circulation, relieving epigastric distention, clearing phlegm, benefiting lung, relieving pain and relieving asthma.
Balloon flower: opening lung qi, expelling phlegm, relieving cough, relieving sore throat, resolving hard mass, relieving chest stuffiness, and expelling pus.
Wild chrysanthemum flower: has effects of dispelling pathogenic wind, calming liver, and clearing away heat and toxic materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the perilla leaf essential oil rich in perilla flavone can promote metabolism of human cells and enhance resistance of human bodies, and a large amount of volatile oil volatilizes along with steam during decoction, so that flavone components in the perilla leaves are lost.
The hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound is prepared into an inclusion compound by inclusion of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, so that the loss of volatile oil in the processes of storage, transportation and the like of a finished product can be effectively reduced, the stability of the product is improved, and the drug effect is ensured.
The invention adopts the carbon dioxide fluid as the extractant, can extract at lower temperature, and avoids the escape of volatile oil at high temperature. And carbon dioxide is used as an extracting agent, so that no chemical reaction occurs, oxygen is isolated, and the deterioration caused by oxidation of effective components is avoided. And carbon dioxide is used as an extracting agent, so that the problem of pollution of an organic solvent is almost solved.
The invention is in CO2Before supercritical extraction, perilla leaf and a non-volatile porous carrier are mixed, mainly in order that the non-volatile porous carrier plays a role of a molecular sieve during extraction due to having a rich porous structure during extraction, so that aggregation of some substances is avoided, the extraction is more thorough, and the extraction effect is excellent.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
The following parts are parts by weight.
Example 1
Pulverizing 20 parts of folium eriobotryae, 13 parts of Chinese date, 9 parts of hawthorn, 10 parts of tuckahoe and 12 parts of malt, mixing, adding water, soaking for 3 hours, decocting and extracting for 2 times, decocting and extracting for 3 hours for the first time, adding 9 parts of snow pear and 3 parts of rock sugar during the second time, extracting for 1.5 hours, wherein the water consumption for each time of decoction and extraction is 6 times of the initial mass of the medicinal materials, filtering after each time of decoction, combining the filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a clear paste with the relative density of 1.03 at 50 ℃, adding ethanol to adjust the ethanol content to 55%, standing for 20 hours, and filtering to obtain a refined extract; extracting volatile oil from 20 parts of perilla leaves to obtain volatile oil of the perilla leaves, mixing the refined extract with the volatile oil of the perilla leaves to obtain a mixture, adding starch and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 1:2 into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and preparing into granules. The mass-volume ratio kg/L of the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the mixture is 6: 1.
The specific extraction method of the perilla leaf volatile oil comprises the following steps:
crushing folium Perillae into 20 mesh powder, and adding into supercritical CO2In the extraction kettle of the fluid extraction instrument, the extraction pressure is 15Mpa, the temperature is 38 ℃, and 95L/minCO is introduced2Extracting the fluid for 1.5h, and obtaining the fluid from a separation kettle, wherein the separation pressure of the separation kettle is 8.3MPa, and the separation temperature is 33 ℃.
Example 2
Pulverizing 15 parts of folium eriobotryae, 6 parts of Chinese date, 8 parts of hawthorn, 11 parts of tuckahoe and 16 parts of malt, mixing, adding water, soaking for 3 hours, decocting and extracting for 2 times, decocting and extracting for 3 hours for the first time, adding 3 parts of snow pear and 1 part of rock candy during the second time, extracting for 1.5 hours, wherein the water consumption for each time of decoction and extraction is 6 times of the initial mass of the medicinal materials, filtering after each time of decoction, combining the filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a clear paste with the relative density of 1.03 at 50 ℃, adding ethanol to adjust the ethanol content to 55%, standing for 30 hours, and filtering to obtain a refined extract; extracting volatile oil from 23 parts of perilla leaves to obtain volatile oil of the perilla leaves, mixing the refined extract with the volatile oil of the perilla leaves to obtain a mixture, adding starch and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 1:2 into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and preparing into granules. The mass-volume ratio kg/L of the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the mixture is 7: 1.
The specific extraction method of the perilla leaf volatile oil comprises the following steps:
crushing folium Perillae into 30 mesh powder, and adding into supercritical CO2In an extraction kettle of the fluid extraction instrument, the extraction pressure is set at 18Mpa and the temperature is set at 40 ℃, and 105L/minCO is introduced2Extracting the fluid for 2h, and obtaining the fluid from a separation kettle, wherein the separation pressure of the separation kettle is 8.3MPa, and the separation temperature is 33 ℃.
Example 3
Pulverizing 20 parts of folium eriobotryae, 9 parts of Chinese date, 5 parts of hawthorn, 11 parts of tuckahoe, 10 parts of malt, 30 parts of platycodon grandiflorum and 10 parts of wild chrysanthemum, mixing, adding water, soaking for 4 hours, then decocting and extracting for 2 times, decocting and extracting for 3 hours for the first time, adding 2 parts of snow pear and 1 part of rock sugar during decocting for the second time, extracting for 1.5 hours, wherein the water consumption for decocting and extracting for each time is 7 times of the initial mass of the medicinal materials, filtering after decocting for each time, merging filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain clear paste with the relative density of 1.03 at 50 ℃, adding ethanol to adjust the ethanol content to 55%, standing for 30 hours, and filtering to obtain a refined extract; extracting volatile oil from 22 parts of perilla leaves to obtain volatile oil of the perilla leaves, mixing the refined extract with the volatile oil of the perilla leaves to obtain a mixture, adding starch and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 1:2 into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and preparing into granules. The mass-volume ratio kg/L of the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the mixture is 7: 1.
The specific extraction method of the perilla leaf volatile oil comprises the following steps:
crushing folium Perillae into 40 mesh powder, and adding into supercritical CO2In an extraction kettle of the fluid extraction instrument, the extraction pressure is set at 25Mpa and the temperature is set at 42 ℃, and 105L/minCO is introduced2Extracting the fluid for 2.5h, and obtaining the fluid from a separation kettle, wherein the separation pressure of the separation kettle is 8.3MPa, and the separation temperature is 33 ℃.
Example 4
Pulverizing folium Eriobotryae 20 parts, fructus Jujubae 5 parts, fructus crataegi 3 parts, Poria 20 parts, fructus Hordei Germinatus 10 parts, radix Platycodi 20 parts, and flos Chrysanthemi Indici 20 parts, mixing, soaking in water for 4h, decocting for 2 times, decocting for 3h for the first time, adding fructus Pyri 12 parts and crystal sugar 4 parts for 1.5h for the second time, decocting for 7 times of the initial mass of the medicinal materials, filtering after each time, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain fluid extract with relative density of 1.03 at 50 deg.C, adding ethanol to adjust ethanol content to 55%, standing for 30h, and filtering to obtain refined extractive solution; extracting volatile oil from 20 parts of perilla leaves to obtain volatile oil of the perilla leaves, mixing the refined extract with the volatile oil of the perilla leaves to obtain a mixture, adding starch and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 1:2 into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and preparing into granules. The mass-volume ratio kg/L of the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the mixture is 7: 1.
The specific extraction method of the perilla leaf volatile oil comprises the following steps:
crushing folium Perillae into 40 mesh powder, and adding into supercritical CO2In an extraction kettle of the fluid extraction instrument, the extraction pressure is set at 25Mpa and the temperature is set at 42 ℃, and 105L/minCO is introduced2Extracting the fluid for 2.5h, and obtaining the fluid from a separation kettle, wherein the separation pressure of the separation kettle is 8.3MPa, and the separation temperature is 33 ℃.
Said at CO2Mixing the perilla leaves with a non-volatile porous carrier before supercritical extraction.
The non-volatile porous carrier is activated carbon, and the addition amount of the non-volatile porous carrier is 10% of the mass of the perilla leaf.
Example 5
Pulverizing folium Eriobotryae 20 parts, fructus Jujubae 5 parts, fructus crataegi 3 parts, Poria 20 parts, fructus Hordei Germinatus 10 parts, radix Platycodi 20 parts, and flos Chrysanthemi Indici 20 parts, mixing, soaking in water for 4h, decocting for 2 times, decocting for 3h for the first time, adding fructus Pyri 12 parts and crystal sugar 4 parts for 1.5h for the second time, decocting for 7 times of the initial mass of the medicinal materials, filtering after each time, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain fluid extract with relative density of 1.03 at 50 deg.C, adding ethanol to adjust ethanol content to 55%, standing for 30h, and filtering to obtain refined extractive solution; extracting volatile oil from 20 parts of perilla leaves to obtain volatile oil of the perilla leaves, mixing the refined extract with the volatile oil of the perilla leaves to obtain a mixture, adding starch and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 1:2 into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and preparing into granules. The mass-volume ratio kg/L of the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the mixture is 7: 1.
The specific extraction method of the perilla leaf volatile oil comprises the following steps:
crushing folium Perillae into 40 mesh powder, and adding into supercritical fluidCO2In an extraction kettle of the fluid extraction instrument, the extraction pressure is set at 25Mpa and the temperature is set at 42 ℃, and 105L/minCO is introduced2Extracting the fluid for 2.5h, and obtaining the fluid from a separation kettle, wherein the separation pressure of the separation kettle is 8.3MPa, and the separation temperature is 33 ℃.
Said at CO2Mixing the perilla leaves with a non-volatile porous carrier before supercritical extraction.
The non-volatile porous carrier is zeolite, and the addition amount of the non-volatile porous carrier is 10% of the mass of the perilla leaf.
Comparative example 1 (without Perilla leaf volatile oil, directly mixed)
Pulverizing 20 parts of folium eriobotryae, 13 parts of Chinese date, 9 parts of hawthorn, 10 parts of tuckahoe, 12 parts of malt and 20 parts of perilla leaf, mixing, adding water, soaking for 3 hours, decocting and extracting for 2 times, decocting and extracting for 3 hours for the first time, adding 9 parts of snow pear and 3 parts of rock sugar for extracting for 1.5 hours during the second time, wherein the water consumption for each time of decoction and extraction is 6 times of the initial mass of the medicinal materials, filtering after each time of decoction, combining filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain clear paste with the relative density of 1.03 at 50 ℃, adding ethanol to adjust the ethanol content to 55%, standing for 20 hours, and filtering to obtain a refined extract; adding starch and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 1:2 into the refined extract, uniformly mixing, and preparing into granules. The mass-volume ratio kg/L of the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the mixture is 6: 1.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 (steam extraction of volatile oil)
Pulverizing 20 parts of folium eriobotryae, 13 parts of Chinese date, 9 parts of hawthorn, 10 parts of tuckahoe and 12 parts of malt, mixing, adding water, soaking for 3 hours, decocting and extracting for 2 times, decocting and extracting for 3 hours for the first time, adding 9 parts of snow pear and 3 parts of rock sugar during the second time, extracting for 1.5 hours, wherein the water consumption for each time of decoction and extraction is 6 times of the initial mass of the medicinal materials, filtering after each time of decoction, combining the filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a clear paste with the relative density of 1.03 at 50 ℃, adding ethanol to adjust the ethanol content to 55%, standing for 20 hours, and filtering to obtain a refined extract; extracting volatile oil from 20 parts of perilla leaves to obtain volatile oil of the perilla leaves, mixing the refined extract with the volatile oil of the perilla leaves to obtain a mixture, adding starch and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 1:2 into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and preparing into granules. The mass-volume ratio kg/L of the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the mixture is 6: 1.
The specific extraction method of the perilla leaf volatile oil comprises the following steps:
crushing folium Perillae into 20 mesh powder, and separating volatile oil with water vapor.
Comparative example 3 (without dextrin)
Pulverizing 20 parts of folium eriobotryae, 13 parts of Chinese date, 9 parts of hawthorn, 10 parts of tuckahoe and 12 parts of malt, mixing, adding water, soaking for 3 hours, decocting and extracting for 2 times, decocting and extracting for 3 hours for the first time, adding 9 parts of snow pear and 3 parts of rock sugar during the second time, extracting for 1.5 hours, wherein the water consumption for each time of decoction and extraction is 6 times of the initial mass of the medicinal materials, filtering after each time of decoction, combining the filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a clear paste with the relative density of 1.03 at 50 ℃, adding ethanol to adjust the ethanol content to 55%, standing for 20 hours, and filtering to obtain a refined extract; extracting volatile oil from 20 parts of folium Perillae to obtain volatile oil, mixing the refined extractive solution with the volatile oil to obtain mixture, adding starch into the mixture, mixing, and granulating. The mass-to-volume ratio kg/L of the starch to the mixture is 6: 1.
The specific extraction method of the perilla leaf volatile oil comprises the following steps:
crushing folium Perillae into 20 mesh powder, and adding into supercritical CO2In the extraction kettle of the fluid extraction instrument, the extraction pressure is 15Mpa, the temperature is 38 ℃, and 95L/minCO is introduced2Extracting the fluid for 1.5h, and obtaining the fluid from a separation kettle, wherein the separation pressure of the separation kettle is 8.3MPa, and the separation temperature is 33 ℃.
The following tests were carried out for the examples and comparative examples:
(1) the samples in the above examples and comparative examples are respectively packaged by composite film bags, and placed in a stability acceleration test box for testing, wherein the temperature is as follows: 40 ± 2 ℃, relative humidity: 75 plus or minus 5 percent, and the accelerated test lasts for 3 months.
The results of the tests are shown in the following table.
Figure BDA0003435096040000091
From the above table, it can be seen that the stability of the samples in the examples is superior to that of the comparative examples, and according to the analysis of the comparative example 1, the perilla leaf volatile oil is adopted for separate extraction and then mixed pharmacy, so that the phenomenon that a large amount of volatile oil volatilizes along with steam during decoction and flavone components in the perilla leaf lose along with the volatilization of the volatile oil is avoided, and the analysis of the comparative example 2 shows that the carbon dioxide fluid is adopted as an extracting agent in the examples, so that the extraction can be carried out at a lower temperature, and the volatile oil is prevented from escaping at a high temperature. And carbon dioxide is used as an extracting agent, so that no chemical reaction occurs, oxygen is isolated, and the deterioration caused by oxidation of effective components is avoided. Analysis of comparative example 3 shows that the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion is adopted in the embodiment to prepare the inclusion compound, so that the loss of volatile oil in the processes of storage, transportation and the like of the finished product can be effectively reduced, the hygroscopicity is reduced, the stability of the product is improved, and the drug effect is ensured.
In addition, the contents of perilla flavone in examples 4 and 5 are higher than those in examples 1 to 3, and the main reason is that the non-volatile porous carrier is used in the examples, and the non-volatile porous carrier has a rich porous structure and can play a role of a molecular sieve during extraction, so that the aggregation of the following substances is avoided, the volatile molecules are easier to extract, and the extraction rate is improved, namely, the content of perilla brass is increased.
(2) Case selection: 200 accepted influenza cough patients are selected, the age of the patients is 5 to 60 years, the course of disease is 1 to 14 days, and the symptoms of running nose, headache, cough, sore throat, hypodynamia and the like are mostly accompanied, all the symptoms meet the diagnosis standard of the influenza cough, and the influenza cough can be diagnosed. The test group and the control group are divided into 2 groups, each group is 100 people, and the two groups have no significant difference.
Selecting the medicines: the experimental group took 3 g/bag of the dampness eliminating traditional Chinese medicine for treating cold and cough prepared in the embodiment 4 of the invention, 1 bag each time below 12 years old, three times a day, 2 bags each time above 12 years old and three times a day; the control group takes LIANHUAQINGWEI granule with boiling water, 3g once below 12 years old, 3 times daily, 6g once above 12 years old, and 3 times daily. 3 days are 1 course of treatment, cold and hot food should not be taken during administration, and the curative effect is observed after 1-2 courses of treatment.
And (3) judging the curative effect:
and (3) curing: the body temperature is normal, the symptoms of cold and cough disappear, and the blood is normally checked.
Improvement: the body temperature is normal, the symptoms of cold and cough are obviously improved, and the blood routine examination index is close to normal.
And (4) invalidation: the symptoms of cold and cough are not obviously improved or aggravated.
The results are shown in the following table:
cure/human Good turning/human Invalid/human Effective rate%
Experimental group 86 10 4 86
Control group 80 14 6 80
Through clinical treatment and contrast observation, the dampness eliminating traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cold cough has exact effect when being used for cold cough.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the technical solutions that achieve the objects of the present invention by basically the same means are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-12 parts of snow pears, 1-6 parts of rock sugar, 10-20 parts of loquat leaves, 5-13 parts of Chinese dates, 1-9 parts of hawthorn, 10-20 parts of poria cocos, 10-20 parts of malt and 20-25 parts of perilla leaves.
2. The medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: 30-45 parts of platycodon grandiflorum and 10-30 parts of wild chrysanthemum.
3. A preparation method of a medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness is characterized in that,
pulverizing folium Eriobotryae, fructus Jujubae, fructus crataegi, Poria, folium Hordei Germinatus, radix Platycodi, and flos Chrysanthemi Indici, mixing, soaking in water for 1-4 hr, decocting for at least 2 times, extracting for 2-3 hr for the first time, adding fructus Pyri and crystal sugar for extracting for 1-1.5 hr for the second time, decocting for each time with water amount 3-8 times of the initial mass of the medicinal materials, filtering, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain fluid extract, adding ethanol to adjust ethanol content to 50-55%, standing for 20-30 hr, and filtering to obtain refined extractive solution; extracting volatile oil from folium Perillae to obtain volatile oil, mixing the refined extractive solution with the volatile oil to obtain mixture, adding starch and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin into the mixture, mixing, granulating, drying, and making into granule.
4. The preparation method of the medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness as claimed in claim 3, wherein the specific extraction method of the perilla leaf volatile oil is as follows:
crushing folium Perillae into 20-60 mesh powder, and adding into supercritical CO2In the extraction kettle of the fluid extraction instrument, the extraction pressure is 15-25Mpa, the temperature is 38-42 ℃, and 95-105L/minCO is introduced2Extracting for 1.5-2.5 h.
5. The method for preparing the medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness as claimed in claim 4, wherein the medicine is prepared from CO2Mixing the perilla leaves with a non-volatile porous carrier before supercritical extraction.
6. The preparation method of the medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness as claimed in claim 5, wherein the non-volatile porous carrier is activated carbon or zeolite.
7. The preparation method of the medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fluid extract has a relative density of 1-1.03 at 50 ℃.
8. The preparation method of the medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mass-to-volume ratio kg/L of the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to the mixture is 6-9: 1.
CN202111610078.1A 2021-12-27 2021-12-27 Medicine for treating cold, cough and dampness and preparation method thereof Pending CN114081933A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN105596699A (en) * 2016-03-07 2016-05-25 黄淮学院 Traditional Chinese medicine composition for clearing lung and suppressing coughing and preparation method thereof
CN110237174A (en) * 2019-07-05 2019-09-17 江西樟树市正康医药生物科技有限公司 A kind of eliminating dampness Chinese medicine composition and preparation method thereof for treating cold cough

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5151188A (en) * 1990-06-12 1992-09-29 The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services Supercritical fluid extraction enhancer
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CN105596699A (en) * 2016-03-07 2016-05-25 黄淮学院 Traditional Chinese medicine composition for clearing lung and suppressing coughing and preparation method thereof
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