CN114080580B - Bandgap reference circuit and integrated circuit - Google Patents
Bandgap reference circuit and integrated circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN114080580B CN114080580B CN202080047035.4A CN202080047035A CN114080580B CN 114080580 B CN114080580 B CN 114080580B CN 202080047035 A CN202080047035 A CN 202080047035A CN 114080580 B CN114080580 B CN 114080580B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
- G05F1/567—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for temperature compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
A bandgap reference circuit and an integrated circuit, the bandgap reference circuit comprising: the reference voltage circuit (10) and the feedback branch circuit (20), feedback branch circuit (20) are connected with reference voltage circuit (10), reference voltage circuit (10) include first switch nest of tubes (Z1) and second switch nest of tubes (Z2), first switch nest of tubes (Z1) and second switch nest of tubes (Z2) are mirror image switch nest of tubes, reference voltage circuit (10) are used for providing zero temperature coefficient's voltage, first switch nest of tubes (Z1) and second switch nest of tubes (Z2) are used for providing the constant current, feedback branch circuit (20) clamp the voltage of first switch nest of tubes (Z1) and second switch nest of tubes (Z2) through introducing feedback signal to reference voltage circuit (10) to offset the ditch length modulation effect of switch nest of tubes in first switch nest of tubes (Z1) and second switch nest of tubes (Z2), and do not increase circuit operating voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of microelectronics technologies, and in particular, to a bandgap reference circuit and an integrated circuit having the bandgap reference circuit.
Background
A bandgap reference (english: bandgap Voltage Reference) circuit is used to provide a temperature independent reference voltage, typically by superimposing a voltage having a positive temperature coefficient with a voltage having a negative temperature coefficient.
As shown in fig. 1, a common op-amp-free bandgap reference circuit includes a branch that generates a positive temperature coefficient current and a branch that generates a negative temperature coefficient voltage. Wherein the mirror transistors M1 to M4, the transistors Q1 and Q2, and the resistor R11 constitute a branch for supplying a current of positive temperature coefficient, and the resistor R12 and the transistor Q3 constitute a branch for supplying a voltage of negative temperature coefficient. However, in the circuit shown in fig. 1, the channel length modulation effects of the mirror transistors M1 to M4 are different, resulting in different currents in the two paths of the mirror transistors M1 and M2, so that the source voltages of the mirror transistors M3 and M4 are also different, and thus, the output reference voltages deviate. As shown in fig. 2, the mirror transistors M5 to M8 are generally added in the branch of the voltage with positive temperature coefficient, and the mirror transistors M5 and M6 are used for clamping the voltages of the mirror transistors M1 and M2, so as to ensure that the drain voltages of the mirror transistors M1 and M2 are the same, and counteract the channel length modulation effect of the mirror transistors M1 and M2. The mirror transistors M7 and M8 are used for clamping voltages of the mirror transistors M3 and M4, so as to ensure that source voltages of the mirror transistors M3 and M4 are the same, and offset a channel length modulation effect of the mirror transistors M3 and M4.
However, in the circuit configuration shown in fig. 2, a higher power supply voltage is required for the power supply to operate normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a band gap reference circuit and an integrated circuit, which aim to offset the channel length modulation effect of a mirror image transistor, and the required power supply voltage amplitude is the same as that of the band gap reference circuit shown in fig. 1, and the amplitude of the power supply voltage does not need to be increased.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a bandgap reference circuit comprising: a reference voltage circuit and a feedback branch (20);
the feedback branch circuit (20) is connected with a reference voltage circuit, the reference voltage circuit comprises a first switch tube group (Z1) and a second switch tube group (Z2), and the first switch tube group (Z1) and the second switch tube group (Z2) are mirror image transistor groups;
the reference voltage circuit is for providing a zero temperature coefficient voltage, the first switching tube group (Z1) and the second switching tube group (Z2) are for providing a constant current, and the feedback branch (20) clamps the voltages of the first switching tube group (Z1) and the second switching tube group (Z2) by introducing a feedback signal to the reference voltage circuit.
Optionally, the first switching tube group (Z1) comprises a first switching tube (T1) and a second switching tube (T2);
the second end of the first switching tube (T1) is connected with the first end of the second switching tube (T2);
the feedback circuit (20) is used for forming a feedback signal according to the output signal of the first end of the second switching tube (T2), and introducing the feedback signal to the control end of the second switching tube (T2) so as to clamp the voltage of the second switching tube (T2).
Optionally, the second switching tube group (Z2) comprises a third switching tube (T3) and a fourth switching tube (T4);
the second end of the third switching tube (T3) is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube (T4);
the second end and the control end of the third switching tube (T3) are in short circuit, and the control end of the third switching tube (T3) is connected with the control end of the first switching tube (T1) so as to clamp the voltage of the third switching tube (T3).
Optionally, the control terminal of the second switching tube (T2) is connected to the control terminal of the fourth switching tube (T4) to clamp the voltage of the fourth switching tube (T4).
Optionally, the feedback branch (20) comprises: a seventh switching tube (T7), an eighth switching tube (T8) and a ninth switching tube (T9);
the second end of the seventh switching tube (T7) is connected with the first end of the eighth switching tube (T8), and the second end of the eighth switching tube (T8) is connected with the first end of the ninth switching tube (T9);
the control end of the seventh switching tube (T7) is connected with the first end of the second switching tube (T2) to form a feedback signal according to the output signal of the first end of the second switching tube (T2);
the first end of the eighth switching tube (T8) is connected to the control end of the second switching tube (T2) for introducing a feedback signal.
Optionally, the first end of the eighth switching tube (T8) is shorted to the control end, and the second end of the ninth switching tube (T9) is shorted to the control end, so that the voltage of the first end of the eighth switching tube (T8) is the same as the voltage of the first end of the second switching tube (T2).
Optionally, the feedback branch further includes: and the first resistor (R1) is connected with the ninth switching tube (T9) in parallel.
Optionally, the reference voltage circuit includes: a reference current circuit (101) and an output circuit (102);
the reference current circuit (101) is connected with the output circuit (102), the reference current circuit (101) is used for providing current with zero temperature coefficient, and the output circuit (102) is used for converting the current with zero temperature coefficient into voltage output with zero temperature coefficient.
Optionally, the reference current circuit (101) further comprises: a positive temperature coefficient current branch (1011) for providing a positive temperature coefficient current;
the positive temperature coefficient current branch (1011) further comprises a first current branch (1013) and a second current branch (1014) connected in parallel;
the first current branch (1013) further comprises a fifth switching tube (T5), the fifth switching tube (T5) being connected in series with the first switching tube set (Z1);
the second current branch comprises a third switch tube group (Z3) and a sixth resistor (R6), and the second switch tube group (Z2), the sixth resistor (R6) and the third switch tube group (Z3) are sequentially connected in series;
the third switching tube group (Z3) includes a plurality of sixth switching tubes (T6) connected in parallel.
Optionally, the reference current circuit (101) comprises: a negative temperature coefficient current branch (1012) for providing a negative temperature coefficient current;
the negative temperature coefficient current branch (1012) further comprises a second resistor (R2) and a third resistor (R3);
one end of the second resistor (R2) is connected with the second end of the second switch tube (T2), the other end of the second resistor (R2) is grounded, one end of the third resistor (R3) is connected with the fourth switch tube (T4), the other end of the third resistor (R3) is grounded, and the second resistor (R2) and the third resistor (R3) are both used for providing negative temperature coefficient current.
Optionally, the output circuit comprises a tenth switching tube (T10) and a fourth resistor (R4);
the first end of a tenth switching tube (T10) is connected with a power supply, the control end of the tenth switching tube (T10) is connected with the first end of a second switching tube (T2), the second end of the tenth switching tube (T10) is connected with one end of a fourth resistor (R4), and the other end of the fourth resistor (R4) is grounded.
Optionally, the reference current circuit comprises: a negative temperature coefficient current branch for providing a negative temperature coefficient current;
the negative temperature coefficient current branch circuit further comprises an eleventh switching tube (T11), and the control end of the eleventh switching tube (T11) is in short circuit with the second end and grounded.
Optionally, the output circuit comprises a fifth resistor (R5) and a twelfth switching tube (T12);
the first end of the twelfth switching tube (T12) is connected with a power supply, the control end of the twelfth switching tube (T12) is connected with the first end of the second switching tube (T2), the second end of the twelfth switching tube (T12) is connected with one end of the fifth resistor (R5), and the other end of the fifth resistor (R5) is connected with the first end of the eleventh switching tube (T11).
In a second aspect, the present application provides an integrated circuit comprising a bandgap reference circuit as referred to in the first aspect and in the alternative.
The application provides a band gap reference circuit and an integrated circuit, comprising: the reference voltage circuit comprises a first switch tube group and a second switch Guan Guanzu which are arranged in a mirror image mode, the reference voltage circuit is used for providing a band gap reference voltage, the feedback branch clamps the voltages of the first switch tube group and the second switch tube group by introducing feedback signals into the reference voltage circuit so as to offset the groove length modulation effect of the switch tubes in the first switch tube group and the second switch tube group, the mirror image switch tube voltage is guaranteed to be the same, and the switch voltage is clamped in a feedback mode by introducing the feedback mode, so that compared with the mode of connecting the switch tubes in the switch tube group in series, the power voltage of the circuit is not required to be increased, and the application range of the circuit is enlarged. The band gap reference circuit with the operational amplifier element is intersected, the operational amplifier element is not used in the scheme, and the cost is lower.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bandgap reference voltage circuit according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another bandgap reference voltage circuit according to the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bandgap reference voltage circuit according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a bandgap reference voltage circuit according to another embodiment of the application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a bandgap reference voltage circuit according to another embodiment of the application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bandgap reference voltage circuit according to another embodiment of the application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a bandgap reference voltage circuit according to another embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
A bandgap reference (english: bandgap Voltage Reference) circuit is used to provide a temperature independent reference voltage, typically by superimposing a voltage having a positive temperature coefficient with a voltage having a negative temperature coefficient.
As shown in fig. 1, a common bandgap reference circuit includes a positive temperature coefficient voltage leg, a negative temperature coefficient voltage leg, and an output leg.
The positive temperature coefficient voltage branch includes transistors M1 to M4, a plurality of transistors Q1 and Q2, and a resistor R11. The drain of the transistor M1 is connected to the drain of the transistor M3, and the drain of the transistor M2 is connected to the drain of the transistor M4. The gate of the transistor M1 and the gate of the transistor M2 are connected to each other and then connected to the drain of the transistor M1. The gate of the transistor M3 and the gate of the transistor M4 are connected to each other and then connected to the drain of the transistor M4. The transistors M1 and M2 are mirror transistors, and the transistors M3 and M4 are mirror transistors. The collector of each triode Q1 is connected with each other, the base of each triode Q1 is connected with each other, the collector and the base of each triode Q1 are short-circuited, and after the emitter of each triode Q1 is connected with each other, the collector is connected with one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the source of a transistor M3.
The negative temperature coefficient voltage branch circuit comprises a resistor R12 and a triode Q3, wherein the collector electrode and the base electrode of the triode Q3 are in short circuit, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q3 is connected with one end of the resistor R12.
The output branch circuit comprises a transistor M7, and the transistor M7 is used for outputting a band gap reference voltage after superposing the voltage with the positive temperature coefficient and the voltage with the negative temperature coefficient.
The bandgap reference circuit shown in fig. 1 operates on the following principle:
in the positive temperature coefficient voltage branch, the number of the triodes Q1 is N times of Q2, so that the current flowing through the resistor R11 is:
where T represents absolute temperature, k is boltzmann constant, Q is electron charge and quantity, k and Q are both positive values, avbe represents a voltage difference of voltage Vbe between the base and emitter of transistors Q1 and Q2, avbe is a voltage of positive temperature coefficient, and R11 represents a resistance value of a resistor.
In the negative temperature coefficient voltage branch, the voltage Vbe between the base and emitter of the transistor Q3 is a negative temperature coefficient voltage.
Transistor M9 mirrors the current of transistors M1 and M2, i.e., the current flowing in transistor M9 is the same as the current flowing in transistor M1, through resistor R12 and switch Q3, resulting in an output voltage Vbg of:
wherein, vbe is a negative temperature coefficient voltage, and Vbg can be made to be a zero temperature coefficient voltage by adjusting the ratio of R12 to R11.
The circuit shown in fig. 1 has the advantage of a simple structure and a low operating voltage. However, the channel length modulation effects of the mirror transistors M1 to M4 are different, so that the currents of the two paths of the mirror transistors M1 and M2 are different, which results in a large temperature coefficient of the output reference voltage Vbg, that is, the voltage is easily affected by temperature, and the magnitude of the reference voltage Vbg varies with the power supply voltage.
In order to counteract the channel length modulation effect of the transistors, as shown in fig. 2, mirror transistors M5 to M8 are typically added in the branches of the positive temperature coefficient voltage, wherein the mirror transistors M5 and M6 are used to clamp the drain voltages of the mirror transistors M1 and M2 to ensure that the drain voltages of the mirror transistors M1 and M2 are the same, counteracting the channel length modulation effect of the mirror transistors M1 and M2. Similarly, the mirror transistors M7 and M8 are used to clamp the drain voltages of the mirror transistors M3 and M4, so as to ensure that the drain voltages of the mirror transistors M3 and M4 are the same, and cancel the channel length modulation effect of the mirror transistors M3 and M4.
In the circuit configuration shown in fig. 2, the transistors M5 to M8 are connected in series on the branch where the transistors M1 to M4 are located, so that the normal operation power supply voltage VDD of the power supply circuit is greater than that of the circuit shown in fig. 1.
The application provides a band gap reference circuit and an integrated circuit, and aims to provide an operational amplifier-free band gap reference circuit which can offset the transistor channel length modulation effect and has low working voltage. The application is characterized in that: the voltage of the transistor is clamped by introducing feedback so as to offset the influence of the channel length modulation effect of the transistor on the voltage of the transistor.
The band gap reference circuit provided by the application can be applied to an integrated circuit to provide band gap reference voltage for the integrated circuit. The bandgap reference voltage remains constant and does not change with temperature.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present application provides a bandgap reference circuit 100 comprising a reference voltage circuit 10 and a feedback branch 20.
The reference voltage circuit 10 includes a first switch tube group Z1 and a second switch tube group Z2, where the first switch tube group Z1 and the second switch tube group Z2 are mirror image transistor groups, that is, the first switch tube group Z1 and the second switch tube group Z2 have the same structure, and the currents flowing through the corresponding switch tubes in the first switch tube group Z1 and the second switch tube group Z2 are the same, and the voltages at the respective ends of the corresponding switch tubes in the first switch tube group Z1 and the second switch tube group Z2 are the same. Here, the first switch tube group Z1 and the second switch tube group Z2 are explained to be identical in structure from two aspects. The first aspect refers to that the structures of the corresponding switching tubes in the two switching tube groups are the same, and the second aspect refers to that the connection relations of the ends of the corresponding switching tubes in the two switching tube groups are the same.
Wherein the feedback branch 20 is connected to the reference voltage circuit 10, the reference voltage circuit 10 is used for providing a voltage with zero temperature coefficient, the first switch tube group Z1 and the second switch tube group Z2 are both used for providing constant current, and the feedback branch 20 clamps the voltages of the first switch tube group Z1 and the second switch tube group Z2 by introducing a feedback signal to the reference voltage circuit 10.
The working principle of the bandgap reference circuit is described as follows: the reference voltage circuit outputs the voltage with zero temperature coefficient outwards, the switching tubes in the first switching tube group Z1 and the second switching tube group Z2 have different degrees of groove length modulation effect, namely, the currents of the switching tubes in the two switching tube groups are different, so that the voltages at two ends of the corresponding switching tubes in the first switching tube group Z1 and the second switching tube group Z2 are different, the feedback branch 20 clamps the voltages of the first switching tube group Z1 and the second switching tube group Z2 by introducing a feedback signal into the reference voltage circuit 10, the voltages at two ends of the corresponding switching tubes in the first switching tube group Z1 and the second switching tube group Z2 are kept the same, further, the output voltage of the reference voltage circuit 10 is not changed, and the output voltage of the reference voltage circuit 10 is still the voltage with zero temperature coefficient, namely, the output voltage is not changed along with the temperature change.
In the bandgap reference circuit provided by the embodiment of the application, the feedback signal is introduced by the feedback branch to clamp the voltage of the switching tube, so that the channel length modulation effect of the switching tube is counteracted, the output voltage of the reference voltage circuit is kept at zero temperature coefficient voltage, and the channel length modulation effect of the switching tube is eliminated by the feedback signal.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a bandgap reference circuit comprising a reference voltage circuit and a feedback branch.
As shown in fig. 4, the reference voltage circuit includes a first switching tube group Z1 and a second switching tube group Z2. The first switching tube group Z1 includes a first switching tube T1 and a second switching tube T2. The second switching tube group Z2 includes a third switching tube T3 and a fourth switching tube T4.
Each switching tube is provided with a first end, a second end and a control end, and when the switching tube works, the current flowing from the first end to the second end is controlled through the control end.
The first switching transistor T1 and the third switching transistor T3 are mirror transistors, the second switching transistor T2 and the fourth switching transistor T4 are mirror transistors, the mirror transistors are identical in structure, the connection modes of the two transistors are identical, and currents and voltages at all ends flowing through the two transistors are identical.
The second end of the first switching tube T1 is connected to the first end of the second switching tube T2, that is, the first switching tube T1 is connected in series with the second switching tube T2. The second end of the third switching tube T3 is connected to the first end of the fourth switching tube T4, that is, the third switching tube T3 is connected in series with the fourth switching tube T4.
The control end of the third switching tube T3 is connected with the control end of the first switching tube T1, and the voltage of the third switching tube T3 is clamped by shorting the second end of the third switching tube T3 and the control end. The feedback circuit is used for 20 forming a feedback signal according to the output signal of the first end of the second switching tube T2, and introducing the feedback signal to the control end of the second switching tube T2 so as to clamp the voltage of the second switching tube T2. The control end of the second switching tube T2 is connected with the control end of the fourth switching tube T4, so that the voltage of the fourth switching tube T4 is clamped.
The working principle of the bandgap reference circuit is described as follows: when the reference voltage circuit outputs the voltage with zero temperature coefficient outwards, the first switching tube T1 to the fourth switching tube T4 have different degrees of channel length modulation effect, so that the current in the branch where the first switching tube T1 and the second switching tube T2 are located is different from the current in the branch where the first switching tube T3 and the second switching tube T4 are located, and the voltage at the first end of the second switching tube T2 and the voltage at the first end of the fourth switching tube T4 are different.
A feedback signal is introduced through the feedback branch to clamp the voltage of the second switching tube T2. The second switching tube T2 and the fourth switching tube T4 are mirror image switching tubes, and the control end of the second switching tube T2 is connected with the control end of the fourth switching tube T4 so as to clamp the voltage of the fourth switching tube T4. The first switching tube T1 and the second switching tube T2 are connected in series, so that the voltage of the first switching tube T1 can be clamped. The second end and the control end of the third switching tube T3 are in short circuit, the third switching tube T3 is equal to the voltage of the switching tube after being conducted, and the voltage of the third switching tube T3 is kept unchanged.
In the band gap reference circuit provided by the embodiment of the application, the feedback current is introduced into the second switching tube, so that the voltage clamping of the first switching tube, the second switching tube and the fourth switching tube is realized, the third switching tube is in short circuit, the voltages at two ends are kept unchanged, further, the clamping of the voltages of all the switching tubes is realized, the channel length modulation effect of the switching tubes is counteracted, the output voltage of the reference voltage circuit is kept to be zero temperature coefficient voltage, and the working voltage of the circuit can be not increased in a feedback signal mode.
As shown in fig. 5, another embodiment of the present application provides a bandgap reference circuit including a reference voltage circuit and a feedback branch 20.
Reference voltage circuits including a reference current circuit 101 and an output circuit 102 are described below. The reference current circuit 101 is connected to the output circuit 102, the reference current circuit 101 is configured to provide a zero temperature coefficient current, and the output circuit 102 is configured to convert the zero temperature coefficient current to a zero temperature coefficient voltage output.
Wherein the reference current circuit 101 includes: a first switching tube bank Z1, a second switching tube bank Z2, a positive temperature coefficient current branch 1011, and a negative temperature coefficient current branch 1012. The first switch tube group Z1 and the second switch tube group Z2 are both connected to the input terminal of the positive temperature coefficient current branch 1011, the output terminal of the positive temperature coefficient current branch 1011 is connected to the first input terminal of the output circuit 101, and the output terminal of the negative temperature coefficient current branch 103 is connected to the second input terminal of the output circuit 101.
The first switching tube group Z1 and the second switching tube group Z2 are used to supply a constant current to the positive temperature coefficient current branch 1011. The positive temperature coefficient current branch 1011 is used for providing a positive temperature coefficient current, the negative temperature coefficient current branch 1012 is used for providing a negative temperature coefficient current, and the output circuit 102 is used for converting the zero temperature coefficient current into a zero temperature coefficient voltage output after superposing the positive temperature coefficient current and the negative temperature coefficient current to obtain the zero temperature coefficient current.
The ptc current branch 1011 further comprises a first current branch 1013 and a second current branch 1014, and the first current branch 1013 and the second current branch 1014 are connected in parallel. The first current branch 1013 further comprises a fifth switching tube T5, wherein the fifth switching tube T5 is connected in series with the first switching tube set Z1, i.e. a first end of the fifth switching tube T5 is connected to a second end of the second switching tube T2. The second end of the first switching tube T2 is connected with the first end of the second switching tube T2, the first end of the first switching tube T1 is connected with the power supply VDD, and the control end of the fifth switching tube T5 is short-circuited with the second end and grounded.
The second current branch 1012 in turn comprises a third switching tube set Z3 and a sixth resistor R6. The third switching tube group Z3 includes a plurality of sixth switching tubes T6 connected in parallel. I.e. the first ends of each sixth switching tube T6 are connected to each other, the second ends of each sixth switching tube T6 are connected to each other, and the control ends of each sixth switching tube T6 are connected to each other. The control end of the sixth switching tube T6 is in short circuit with the second end. The third switch tube group Z3 is connected in series with the second switch Guan Guanzu Z2 via a sixth resistor R6. That is, the second terminal of the fourth switching tube T4 is connected to the first terminal of the sixth switching tube T6 through the sixth resistor R6. The second end of the third switching tube T3 is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube T4, and the first end of the third switching tube T3 is connected with the power supply VDD.
The negative temperature coefficient current branch 1012 further includes a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3, where the second resistor R3 is connected to the second end of the fifth switching tube T2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the second end of the fourth switching tube T4, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded.
The output circuit 102 further includes a tenth switching transistor T10 and a fourth resistor R4. The first end of the tenth switching tube T10 is connected with the power supply VDD, the control end of the tenth switching tube T10 is connected with the first end of the second switching tube T2, the second end of the tenth switching tube T10 is connected with one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded.
The principle of the reference voltage circuit providing a bandgap reference voltage is analyzed as follows:
the first switching transistor T1 and the third switching transistor T3 are mirror transistors, and the second switching transistor T2 and the fourth switching transistor T4 are mirror transistors. The third switching tube group Z3 includes a plurality of sixth switching tubes T6 connected in parallel. The current in the sixth resistor R6 satisfies the formula (1). I.e. the current in the sixth resistor R6 is a current of positive temperature coefficient.
The voltage across the second resistor R2 is the voltage across the fifth switching tube T5, so the current flowing through the second resistor R2 is:
wherein Vbe represents the voltage across the fifth switching tube T5, R2 represents the resistance value of the second resistor, and the voltage across the fifth switching tube T5 Vbe is a voltage with a negative temperature coefficient.
The second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 have the same resistance, and the current of the third resistor R3 also conforms to the formula (3). As can be seen from the formula (3), the currents of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are currents with negative temperature coefficients.
Therefore, the current flowing through the first switching tube T1 is:
wherein Vbe is a negative temperature coefficient voltage, Δvbe is a positive temperature coefficient voltage, and Ibg can be made zero temperature coefficient current by adjusting the ratio of R2 to R6.
The tenth switching tube T10 and the first switching tube T1 form a mirror image switching tube, the tenth switching tube T10 mirrors the current in the first switching tube T1, namely the current of the tenth switching tube T10 is equal to the current in the first switching tube T1, and after passing through the fourth resistor R4, the output voltage of the output circuit is as follows:
since Ibg is zero temperature coefficient current, vbg is zero temperature coefficient voltage.
In addition, the magnitude of the output bandgap reference voltage can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the fourth resistor R4, and thus the bandgap reference voltage having a lower magnitude can be output.
The feedback branch 20 is described below, the feedback branch 20 comprising: a seventh switching tube T7, an eighth switching tube T8, and a ninth switching tube T9.
The second end of the seventh switching tube T7 is connected to the first end of the eighth switching tube T8, the second end of the eighth switching tube T8 is connected to the first end of the ninth switching tube T9, the first end of the seventh switching tube T7 is connected to the power supply VDD, and the second end of the ninth switching tube T9 is grounded, so as to realize the series connection of the seventh switching tube T7, the eighth switching tube T8 and the ninth switching tube T9.
The control end of the seventh switching tube T7 is connected to the first end of the second switching tube T2, so as to form a feedback signal according to the output signal of the first end of the second switching tube T2. The first end of the eighth switching tube T8 is shorted with the control end, the second end of the ninth switching tube T9 is shorted with the control end, so that the structure of the feedback branch 20 is similar to that of the first current branch 1013, the negative temperature coefficient current branch 1012 and the first switching tube group Z1, and the first end of the eighth switching tube T8 is connected with the control end of the second switching tube T2 and is used for introducing a feedback signal to the reference voltage circuit to clamp the voltage of the second switching tube T2.
The principle of the feedback branch 20 to achieve voltage clamping by introducing a feedback signal is analyzed as follows:
the eighth switching tube T8 is consistent with the second switching tube T2 and the fourth switching tube T4 in size, and the control end of the eighth switching tube T8 is short-circuited with the first end. The seventh switching tube T7 is consistent with the third switching tube T3 and the first switching tube T1 in size. The second end of the ninth switching tube T9 is shorted with the control end, so that the feedback branch is similar to the first current branch 1013, the negative temperature coefficient current branch 1012 and the first switching tube group Z1 in structure, the seventh switching tube T7 and the third switching tube T3 form a mirror image switching tube, the current of the seventh switching tube T7 is identical to the current of the third switching tube T3, the voltages at the two ends of the seventh switching tube T7 and the third switching tube T3 are identical, the control end of the seventh switching tube T7 is connected with the first end of the second switching tube T2, the second end of the seventh switching tube T7 is connected with the control end of the second switching tube T2, and a loop is formed, so that the voltages at the second ends of the first switching tube T1 and the third switching tube T3 are completely consistent, the channel length modulation effect of the first switching tube T1 and the third switching tube T3 is completely offset, and the currents of the first switching tube T1 and the third switching tube T3 are completely consistent. The voltage at the first end of the second switching tube T2 is equal to the voltage at the second end of the first switching tube T1, the voltage at the first end of the fourth switching tube T4 is equal to the voltage at the second end of the third switching tube T3, the currents flowing through the second switching tube T2 and the fourth switching tube T4 are the same, the voltage at the second end of the second switching tube T2 and the voltage at the second end of the fourth switching tube T4 are the same, and the channel length modulation effect of the second switching tube T2 and the fourth switching tube T4 is also counteracted.
Preferably, the first, third and seventh switching transistors T1, T3 and T7 are P-type field effect transistors, the second, fourth and eighth switching transistors T2, T4 and T8 are N-type field effect transistors, and the fifth, sixth and ninth switching transistors T5, T6 and T9 are three-stage transistors. When the switch tube is a P-type field effect transistor, the first end of the switch tube is the source electrode of the field effect transistor, the second end of the switch tube is the drain electrode of the field effect transistor, and the control end of the switch tube is the grid electrode of the transistor. When the switch tube is an N-type field effect transistor, the first end of the switch tube is the drain electrode of the field effect transistor, the second end of the switch tube is the source electrode of the field effect transistor, and the control end of the switch tube is the grid electrode of the transistor. When the switching tube is a triode, the first end of the switching tube is an emitter of the triode, the second end of the switching tube is a collector of the triode, and the control end of the switching tube is a base of the triode. The transistor voltage clamp is achieved by having the feedback branch similar in structure to the first current branch 1013, the negative temperature coefficient current branch 1012, and the first switching tube group Z1.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the feedback branch further includes: the first resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the ninth switching tube T9. The feedback branch is the same as the branch structure formed by the first current direct current 1013, the negative temperature coefficient current branch 1012 and the first switch tube group Z1, and the output signal of the first end of the second switch tube T2 is led into the control end of the second switch tube T2 after passing through the feedback branch, so that the accuracy of the voltage clamping voltage of the transistor is further improved, and the ditch length modulation effect of the switch tube is offset.
In the band gap reference circuit provided by the embodiment of the application, the feedback branch is similar to or the same as the branch formed by the first current branch, the negative temperature coefficient current branch and the first switch tube group, so that voltage clamping in the first switch tube group and the second switch tube group is realized, and the output voltage of the reference voltage circuit is ensured to be zero temperature coefficient voltage. And the working voltage of the circuit is not increased in a feedback signal mode.
As shown in fig. 7, another embodiment of the present application provides a bandgap reference circuit including a reference voltage circuit and a feedback branch 20.
The reference voltage circuit includes a reference current circuit and an output circuit. The reference current circuit in turn includes a positive temperature coefficient current branch 1011 and a negative temperature coefficient current branch 1012. The roles of the reference current circuit and the output circuit 102, the positive temperature coefficient current branch 1011 and the negative temperature coefficient current branch 1012 are the same as those of the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and will not be repeated here.
In addition, the circuit structure of the ptc-current branch 1011 is similar to that of the ptc-current branch 1011 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and will not be described here again.
The circuit configuration of the negative temperature coefficient current branch 1012 and the circuit configuration of the output circuit 102 are described below. The negative temperature coefficient current branch further comprises an eleventh switching tube T11. The control end of the eleventh switching tube T11 is in short circuit with the second end and grounded. The voltage across the eleventh switching tube T11 is a negative temperature coefficient voltage.
The output circuit further comprises a fifth resistor R5 and a twelfth switching tube T12, the first end of the twelfth switching tube T12 is connected with the power supply VDD, the control end of the twelfth switching tube T12 is connected with the first end of the second switching tube T2, the second end of the twelfth switching tube T12 is connected with one end of the fifth resistor R5, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the first end of the eleventh switching tube T11.
The twelfth switching tube T12 mirrors the current in the first switching tube T2, that is, the current in the twelfth switching tube T12 is the same as the current in the first switching tube T1, and the voltage with zero temperature coefficient is output through the fifth resistor R5 and the eleventh switching tube T11.
The feedback branch path is formed by a seventh switching tube T7, an eighth switching tube T8 and a ninth switching tube T9 which are sequentially connected in series, the feedback branch path 20 and the first current branch path 1013 and the first switching tube group Z1 form the same structure of a circuit, and the output signal of the first end of the second switching tube T2 is introduced into the control end of the second switching tube T2 after passing through the feedback branch path, so that the accuracy of the voltage clamping voltage of the transistor is further improved, and the ditch length modulation effect of the switching tube is counteracted.
In the band gap reference circuit provided by the embodiment of the application, the voltage clamping in the first switch tube group and the second switch tube group is realized by introducing a feedback signal mode, so that the output voltage of the reference voltage circuit is ensured to be the voltage with zero temperature coefficient, and the working voltage of the circuit is not increased.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of the steps for implementing the method embodiments described above may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The program, when executed, performs steps including the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (9)
1. A bandgap reference circuit, comprising: a reference voltage circuit and a feedback branch (20);
the feedback branch circuit (20) is connected with the reference voltage circuit, the reference voltage circuit comprises a first switch tube group (Z1) and a second switch tube group (Z2), and the first switch tube group (Z1) and the second switch tube group (Z2) are mirror image transistor groups;
the reference voltage circuit is used for providing a voltage with zero temperature coefficient, the first switching tube group (Z1) and the second switching tube group (Z2) are used for providing constant current, and the feedback branch circuit (20) clamps the voltage of the first switching tube group (Z1) and the second switching tube group (Z2) by introducing a feedback signal to the reference voltage circuit;
the first switching tube group (Z1) comprises a first switching tube (T1) and a second switching tube (T2);
the second switching tube group (Z2) comprises a third switching tube (T3) and a fourth switching tube (T4);
the feedback branch (20) comprises: a seventh switching tube (T7), an eighth switching tube (T8) and a ninth switching tube (T9); wherein the second end of the seventh switching tube (T7) is connected with the first end of the eighth switching tube (T8), and the second end of the eighth switching tube (T8) is connected with the first end of the ninth switching tube (T9); the control end of the seventh switching tube (T7) is connected with the first end of the second switching tube (T2) so as to form the feedback signal according to the output signal of the first end of the second switching tube (T2); the first end of the eighth switching tube (T8) is connected with the control end of the second switching tube (T2), and the feedback signal is introduced to clamp the voltage of the second switching tube (T2); the first end of the eighth switching tube (T8) is in short circuit with the control end, and the second end of the ninth switching tube (T9) is in short circuit with the control end;
wherein the seventh switching tube (T7) is consistent with the third switching tube (T3) and the first switching tube (T1) in size; the eighth switching tube (T8) is consistent with the second switching tube (T2) and the fourth switching tube (T4) in size;
the second end of the first switching tube (T1) is connected with the first end of the second switching tube (T2); the second end of the third switching tube (T3) is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube (T4); the second end and the control end of the third switching tube (T3) are in short circuit, and the control end of the third switching tube (T3) is connected with the control end of the first switching tube (T1) so as to clamp the voltage of the third switching tube (T3); the control end of the second switching tube (T2) is connected with the control end of the fourth switching tube (T4) so as to clamp the voltage of the fourth switching tube (T4); the first ends of the first switching tube (T1), the third switching tube (T3) and the seventh switching tube (T7) are connected with a power supply.
2. The bandgap reference circuit according to claim 1, wherein said feedback leg further comprises: -a first resistor (R1), said first resistor (R1) being connected in parallel with said ninth switching tube (T9).
3. The bandgap reference circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said reference voltage circuit comprises: a reference current circuit (101) and an output circuit (102);
the reference current circuit (101) is connected with the output circuit (102), the reference current circuit (101) is used for providing a zero-temperature coefficient current, and the output circuit (102) is used for converting the zero-temperature coefficient current into a zero-temperature coefficient voltage output.
4. A bandgap reference circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that the reference current circuit (101) comprises: a positive temperature coefficient current branch (1011), the positive temperature coefficient current branch (1011) being configured to provide a positive temperature coefficient current;
the positive temperature coefficient current branch (1011) comprises a first current branch (1013) and a second current branch (1014) connected in parallel;
the first current branch (1013) comprises a fifth switching tube (T5), the fifth switching tube (T5) being connected in series with the first switching tube set (Z1);
the second current branch comprises a third switch tube group (Z3) and a sixth resistor (R6), and the second switch tube group (Z2), the sixth resistor (R6) and the third switch tube group (Z3) are sequentially connected in series;
the third switching tube group (Z3) includes a plurality of sixth switching tubes (T6) connected in parallel.
5. The bandgap reference circuit according to claim 4, wherein said reference current circuit (101) comprises: a negative temperature coefficient current branch (1012) for providing a negative temperature coefficient current;
the negative temperature coefficient current branch (1012) comprises a second resistor (R2) and a third resistor (R3);
one end of the second resistor (R2) is connected with the second end of the second switch tube (T2), the other end of the second resistor (R2) is grounded, one end of the third resistor (R3) is connected with the second end of the fourth switch tube (T4), the other end of the third resistor (R3) is grounded, and the second resistor (R2) and the third resistor (R3) are both used for providing current with negative temperature coefficient.
6. The bandgap reference circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that the output circuit comprises a tenth switching tube (T10) and a fourth resistor (R4);
the first end of the tenth switching tube (T10) is connected with a power supply, the control end of the tenth switching tube (T10) is connected with the first end of the second switching tube (T2), the second end of the tenth switching tube (T10) is connected with one end of the fourth resistor (R4), and the other end of the fourth resistor (R4) is grounded.
7. The bandgap reference circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein said reference current circuit comprises: a negative temperature coefficient current branch for providing a negative temperature coefficient current;
the negative temperature coefficient current branch circuit comprises an eleventh switching tube (T11), and the control end of the eleventh switching tube (T11) is in short circuit with the second end and grounded.
8. The bandgap reference circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that the output circuit comprises a fifth resistor (R5) and a twelfth switching tube (T12);
the first end of the twelfth switching tube (T12) is connected with a power supply, the control end of the twelfth switching tube (T12) is connected with the first end of the second switching tube (T2), the second end of the twelfth switching tube (T12) is connected with one end of the fifth resistor (R5), and the other end of the fifth resistor (R5) is connected with the first end of the eleventh switching tube (T11).
9. An integrated circuit comprising a bandgap reference circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2020/123917 WO2022087812A1 (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Bandgap voltage reference circuit and integrated circuit |
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| CN114080580A CN114080580A (en) | 2022-02-22 |
| CN114080580B true CN114080580B (en) | 2023-09-12 |
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| CN115599155B (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-03-10 | 深圳市微源半导体股份有限公司 | Band gap reference circuit |
| CN116961585B (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2024-03-08 | 灿芯半导体(上海)股份有限公司 | Self-biased voltage-controlled oscillator circuit |
| CN117439593B (en) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-03-01 | 晶艺半导体有限公司 | Clamping circuit, analog optocoupler circuit and isolation driving circuit |
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| WO2022087812A1 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
| CN114080580A (en) | 2022-02-22 |
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