CN114077361A - 具有用于触摸探测的薄膜层结构的操作部件及其装配方法 - Google Patents

具有用于触摸探测的薄膜层结构的操作部件及其装配方法 Download PDF

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CN114077361A
CN114077361A CN202110764862.1A CN202110764862A CN114077361A CN 114077361 A CN114077361 A CN 114077361A CN 202110764862 A CN202110764862 A CN 202110764862A CN 114077361 A CN114077361 A CN 114077361A
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operating
layer structure
film layer
operating part
pin
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CN114077361B (zh
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O·格莱斯纳
F·维尔姆
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Preh GmbH
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Preh GmbH
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    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于电容式触摸探测人‑机缝隙位置的操作部件，其具有：操作上部件，操作下部件，和可弹性变形的薄膜层结构，其设置在操作上部件与操作下部件之间，贴靠于操作上部件和/或操作下部件的，其中，所述薄膜层结构具有用于产生至少一个配设给操作面的测量场的电极阵列，以用于电容式探测操作者对触摸面的触摸；其中，薄膜层结构具有至少一个贯穿薄膜层结构的缝隙，以便在薄膜层结构中形成具有至少两个相对置的缝隙边缘的缺口，其中，所述缝隙边缘弹性预紧地放置在销的周面上，其中，所述销搁在操作上部件或操作下部件的用于与薄膜层结构贴靠的贴靠面中并且穿过在薄膜层结构由缝隙构成的缺口；以及涉及一种装配方法。

Description

具有用于触摸探测的薄膜层结构的操作部件及其装配方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种人-机缝隙位置(Mensch-Maschine-Schlitzstelle)的具有改进地固定用于电容式触摸探测的薄膜层结构的操作部件以及所属的装配方法。
背景技术
为了电容式触碰探测，通常使用构成电极阵列的电极结构，该电极结构集成于触碰面中，或者优选为了保护电极结构而设置在触碰面的下方并且设置成使得产生至少一个贯穿该触碰面的测量场，其通过触碰该触碰面或者甚至接近该触碰面而引起的电容变化将被探测到，以便由此探测所述触碰或者所述接近。特别地，在分辨位置的触摸探测时将得到电极结构的相对复杂的结构，而不仅是由于电接触和电极的不同极化而建议实现作为薄膜层结构，其中所述电极例如作为金属涂层被施加在薄膜衬底、如聚碳酸酯薄膜或聚乙烯薄膜上。因此，虽然所述电极结构能够相对简单地实现，但将其安装在操作部件上需要高的精确性和可重复性，因为轻微的定位不精确会强烈地影响探测结果，而且不均匀地和/或可重复施加的粘合剂由于层厚度改变并且伴随其发生的介电偏差也可能影响所述结果。
发明内容
在该背景下，需要这种类型的操作部件，其能够实现可靠地、可重复地且定位准确地固定设置用于电容式触摸探测的薄膜层结构并且最后使装配变得容易。所述任务通过根据权利要求1的操作部件来解决。同样有利的装配方法以及所述操作部件的应用是并列权利要求的主题。有利的设计方案分别是从属权利要求的主题。要指出的是，在权利要求中列出的各个特征能够以任意技术上合理的方式互相组合并且示出本发明的其它设计方案。说明书、尤其是结合附图补充地表征并且指定本发明。
本发明涉及一种人-机缝隙位置的操作部件。术语“操作部件”可宽泛地解释。操作部件限定朝向操作者的操作面，以便通过触摸或操纵该操作面来进行操作输入。操纵被理解为在作用到操作面上的操纵力的作用下操作部件或至少操作面的可探测的移动。因为所述操纵包含触摸，所以根据本发明不应排除并且可以可选地提供在根据本发明的操作部件中的附加的操纵探测。
根据本发明，所述操作部件设计用于电容式触摸探测并且具有薄膜层结构，该薄膜层结构因此具有用于产生至少一个配设给操作面的测量场的电极阵列，以用于电容式触摸探测。优选地，所述电极构造用于产生测量场的阵列，以便能够实现在操作面上进行分辨位置的触摸探测。这些电极例如设置在一个共同的平面中或设置在薄膜层结构的两个或更多个平行的平面上。例如，这些电极被施加在薄膜衬底(例如聚碳酸酯薄膜或聚乙烯薄膜)的一个主侧或相对置的主侧上。因此，所述薄膜层结构可以是多层的或单层的，但是根据本发明，由于其薄膜衬底的材料特性具有弹性可变形性。
根据本发明，所述电极的布置结构和位置不必强制地预先给定，并且例如通过规则的、甚至优选矩形的、假想的栅格结构(也简称为栅格)来描述，其中，通过节点来限定通过电极要产生的测量场的位置。在此，节点例如通过两个电极的交叉点来限定。例如，还提供与电极电连接的、优选导电地连接的电子评估单元，以便借助电极阵列形成相关联的、优选以时间顺序产生的并且随时间变化的电测量场阵列，用于对待训练的操作面的电容影响进行位置分辨探测。例如，涉及一种投射式电容技术的电容式触摸探测装置，尤其是涉及一种具有自电容式结构或互电容式结构的电容式触摸探测装置。在前者中，在电极与触摸的操作者的人体之间的电容变化将被确定。在所述互电容式结构中，在两个电绝缘的、交叉的电极结构之间的节点处产生测量场并且因此产生测量电容。所述节点如同在商业通用的触摸板或触摸屏中那样以矩形栅格排列设置。所述评估单元能够测量对测量场的影响或变化的测量电容。当相应的测量场由于物体从外部接近而受到影响时，则通过评估单元所测量到的、例如在涉及的节点处的测量电容将被改变和探测，并且其可以基于电极结构、优选地基于按照行和列划分的电极结构而配设给操作面上的位置来以位置分辨的方式探测所述影响。
根据本发明，操作部件具有操作上部件和操作下部件。术语“操作上部件”是指操作上部件限定朝向操作者的操作面，而操作下部件设置在操作上部件的背离操作面的一侧上。根据本发明，操作上部件和操作下部件例如通过力锁合或形锁合的连接彼此固定。优选地，在操作上部件与操作下部件之间设置材料锁合的连接。更优选地，上操作部件和下操作部件通过超声焊接相互连接。
根据本发明，在优选全表面地贴靠在操作上部件和/或操作下部件上的情况下，薄膜层结构设置在操作上部件与操作下部件之间。根据本发明，薄膜层结构具有至少一个贯穿薄膜层结构的缝隙，以便在薄膜层结构中形成具有至少两个相对置的缝隙边缘的缺口。缝隙的缝隙边缘弹性预紧地安置在销的周面上，其中，销构造在操作上部件或操作下部件的规定用于与薄膜结构贴靠的贴靠面中并且穿过所述缺口。优选地，在薄膜层结构中构成缺口的缝隙长度大于销的最大横截面直径。
由此，不仅在平行于贴靠面的方向上实现了薄膜层结构的固定，而且也实现了在垂直于贴靠方向的方向上的固定。因此，所述销具有超过定位辅助装置的功能，即确保将薄膜层结构在垂直于贴靠面的方向上无间隙地固定在操作上部件或操作下部件上，这使装配变得容易。优选地，设置有多个销。
所述销可以构造在操作上部件。优选地，所述销构造在操作下部件。这具有的优点是，例如在以热成型方法制造的操作上部件中，形成在背离操作面的一侧上的销不会由于收缩过程而不利地影响操作面的尺寸稳定性并且例如在与销相对的位置上构成凹槽。
为了实现薄膜层结构的可靠固定，所述缺口分别通过多个交叉的开口、例如通过两个互相垂直交叉的开口构成。
优选地规定，所述销突出超过与其连接的贴靠面。优选地，所述销搁置在贴靠面中的空隙部中。例如，所述销突出超过所述空隙部或完全容纳在所述空隙部中。
所述销例如具有圆柱形的周面，该周面在销的自由端部上邻接于平坦的、与销的延伸方向垂直地定向的端面，从而在端面与周面之间构成锐边的过渡部。
优选地，销的周面是结构化的。该周面例如具有环绕的沟槽或螺纹结构。更优选地，微粗糙度构造在周面上。例如，微粗糙度具有0.4μm至18.0μm、优选0.80μm至1.64μm的算术平均粗糙度Ra。例如，微粗糙度具有1.6μm至70μm、优选3.2μm至6.3μm的最大粗糙深度Rmax。例如，微粗糙度对应于VDI 3400Ref.21。这种微粗糙度例如能够以热成型方法、如注塑方法被简单地引入到周面中，其方式为例如成型工具在相应的位置上具有微结构化的成型面。
优选地，不仅操作上部件而且操作下部件，均分别由热塑性塑料以热成型方法制成。热塑性塑料例如是聚乙烯(PE)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚酰胺(PA)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)和/或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)。
优选地，操作部件是无粘合剂的，也就是说操作部件的部件在不使用粘合剂的情况下可以相互附接或被固定。
优选地，操作上部件和操作下部件通过穿过薄膜层结构的凸起或接片彼此固定。例如在此涉及的凸起通常是在操作上部件或操作下部件中的横截面投影呈三角形，在超声焊接时作为所谓的能量导向件(Energierichtungsgeber)，形成操作上部件和操作下部件材料锁合地连接的点。
本发明还涉及一种用于装配操作部件的方法，其具有以下步骤。在提供步骤中，提供限定朝向操作者的操作面的操作上部件。在另一个提供步骤中，提供操作下部件。根据优选的变型方案，所述提供包括分别以热成型方法、例如注塑方法由热塑性塑料制成的操作上部件和操作下部件。
在根据本发明的另一个提供步骤中，提供可弹性变形的薄膜层结构，其中，所述薄膜层结构具有用于产生至少一个配设给操作面的测量场的电极阵列，以用于探测通过操作者触摸所述操作面，和至少一个贯穿所述薄膜层结构的缝隙，以便在薄膜层结构中形成具有至少两个相对置的缝隙边缘的缺口。
在根据本发明的固定步骤中，将薄膜层结构以贴靠、优选全表面贴靠的方式固定在操作上部件或操作下部件的贴靠面上，其方式为构造在贴靠面中的销穿过缺口并且缝隙边缘与销的周面被置于弹性预紧的嵌接中。优选地，所述固定步骤无粘合剂地、也就是说在不使用粘合剂的情况下进行。
在随后的设置步骤中，操作下部件和操作上部件设置成使得操作下部件布置在操作上部件的背向操作面的一侧，并且薄膜层结构设置成以贴靠、优选全表面地贴靠的方式布置在操作上部件和/或操作下部件上以及在操作上部件与操作下部件之间。在随后的固定步骤中，相互固定操作上部件和操作下部件。优选无粘合剂地进行固定。
优选地，操作上部件和操作下部件通过超声焊接相互固定。
优选地，薄膜层结构被固定在操作下部件的一个或多个销上。
在所述方法的一种设计方案中，利用工具将缺口的缝隙边缘与周面接合。
在未固定的状态下，优选地，薄膜层结构的形成缺口的缝隙的最大的缝隙宽度小于销的最小横截面直径。
本发明还涉及在之前描述的实施方式之一中的操作部件在机动车辆中的应用。
附图说明
以下借助附图更详细地阐述本发明。在此，附图仅可理解为示例性的并且仅代表优选的实施变型方案。其中：
图1示出根据本发明的方法制造的操作部件1的一种实施方式的透视分解图；
图2示出图1中根据本发明的操作部件1的示意性局部剖面图。
具体实施方式
借助附图1和图2对根据本发明的用于装配操作部件1的方法进行阐述。在提供步骤中，提供限定朝向操作者的操作面10的操作上部件2。在另一个提供步骤中，提供操作下部件3。操作上部件2和操作下部件3在前述的制造步骤中分别以热成型方法、如注塑方法由相应的热塑性塑料、如例如聚乙烯(PE)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚酰胺(PA)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)和/或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)制成。
在另一个根据本发明的提供步骤中，提供可弹性变形的薄膜层结构4，其中，薄膜层结构4具有电极阵列，这些电极阵列在图1中不可见，但其中一个在图2中用附图标记15表示。所述电极阵列用于产生至少一个配设给操作面10的测量场，以用于探测尤其是在操作面10中用符号显示的操作区域12中对操作面10的触摸。薄膜层结构4还具有多个分别通过互相垂直交叉的、贯穿薄膜层结构4的缝隙8形成的缺口。每个缝隙8分别在薄膜层结构4中形成两个相对置的缝隙边缘，所述缝隙边缘在图2中详细示出并且用附图标记8a或8b表示。
在根据本发明的固定步骤中，将薄膜层结构4以贴靠的方式固定在操作上部件3的贴靠面9上，其方式为构造在贴靠面9中的销5穿过由两个相互交叉的缝隙8构成的缺口，其中，所述缝隙边缘8a、8b与销5的周面5b处于弹性预紧的嵌接中，如在图2中所示的那样。因此，在将操作下部件3和操作上部件2彼此固定之前，薄膜层结构4被可靠地且在垂直于贴靠面9的方向上固定在操作下部件3。这种固定步骤无需粘合剂、也就是说可以在不使用粘合剂的情况下进行。
在如图1左侧所示的设计方案中，销5构造成使得其突出超过贴靠面9，所述销搁置在贴靠面9中的空隙部14。在如图1右侧所示的另一种设计方案中，销5完全容纳在容纳部14中，使得其不会突出超过贴靠面9。在销5的后一种变型方案中，利用未示出的工具将缝隙8的缝隙边缘8a和8b与周面5b接合。
所述销5例如具有圆柱形的周面5b，该周面在销5的自由端部上邻接于平坦的、与销5的延伸方向垂直地并且平行于贴靠面9定向的端面5a，从而在端面5a与周面5b之间构成锐边的过渡部。销5的周面5b是结构化的，也就是说在周面5b上构造有微粗糙度，所述微粗糙度负责使缝隙边缘8a、8b在其预紧的接合时与周面5b卡锁地钩住。为了实现将缝隙边缘8a和8b弹性预紧地安置在销5的周面5b上，如图1所示，薄膜层结构4的形成缺口的缝隙8的最大缝隙宽度在未固定的状态中小于销5的最小横截面直径。
在随后的设置步骤中，操作下部件3和操作上部件2设置成使得操作下部件3设置在操作上部件2的背离操作面10的一侧11上，并且薄膜层结构4设置在操作上部件2与操作下部件3之间，并且必要时但并非强制，薄膜层结构4还与构造在操作上部件2上的贴靠面11贴靠。在随后的固定步骤中，相互固定操作上部件3和操作下部件3。在此无粘合剂地进行固定，其方式为操作上部件3和操作下部件3通过超声焊接材料锁合地连接。为此，操作上部件3和操作下部件3通过薄膜层结构4中的多个分别从所属的开口7穿过的凸起、如接片彼此固定。这些是构造在操作上部件3上的最初在横截面中呈三角形的凸起6，所述凸起作为所谓的能量导向件在超声焊接时形成操作上部件2和操作下部件3材料锁合地连接的点。所述凸起6构造在贴靠面之内并且分布在贴靠面9上。

Claims (15)

1.用于电容式触摸探测人-机缝隙位置的操作部件(1)，其具有：
操作上部件(2)，其限定朝向操作者的操作面(10)；
操作下部件(3)，其设置在所述操作上部件(2)的背离所述操作面(10)的一侧(11)上并且固定在操作上部件(2)上；
可弹性变形的薄膜层结构(4)，其设置在操作上部件(2)与操作下部件(3)之间，贴靠于所述操作上部件(2)和/或所述操作下部件(3)的，其中，所述薄膜层结构(4)具有用于产生至少一个配设给操作面(10)的测量场的电极阵列(15)，以用于电容式探测操作者对所述操作面(10)的触摸；
其中，所述薄膜层结构(4)具有至少一个贯穿薄膜层结构(4)的缝隙(8)，以便在薄膜层结构中形成具有至少两个相对置的缝隙边缘(8a、8b)的缺口，其中，所述缝隙边缘(8a、8b)弹性预紧地放置在销(5)的周面(5b)上，其中，所述销(5)搁置在操作上部件(2)或操作下部件(3)的用于与薄膜层结构(4)贴靠的贴靠面(9)中并且穿过在薄膜层结构(4)由缝隙(8)构成的缺口。
2.根据前述权利要求所述的操作部件(1)，其中，所述销(5)构造在操作下部件(3)。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的操作部件(1)，其中，所述缺口由多个交叉的缝隙(8)构成。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的操作部件(1)，其中，所述销(5)突出超过贴靠面(9)，该销搁置在所述贴靠面，和/或所述销(5)搁在贴靠面(9)的空隙部(14)中。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的操作部件(1)，其中，销(5)的周面(5b)是结构化的，优选具有微粗糙度。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的操作部件(1)，其中，所述操作上部件(2)和操作下部件(3)材料锁合地连接。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的操作部件(1)，其中，所述操作上部件(2)和操作下部件(3)以热成型方法由热塑性塑料制成。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的操作部件(1)，其中，所述操作上部件(2)和操作下部件(3)通过穿过薄膜层结构(4)的凸起(6)、如接片彼此固定。
9.用于装配操作部件(1)的方法，其具有以下步骤：
提供操作上部件(2)，其限定朝向操作者的操作面(10)；
提供操作下部件(3)；
提供可弹性变形的薄膜层结构(4)，其中，所述薄膜层结构(4)具有用于产生至少一个配设给操作面(10)的测量场的电极阵列(15)，以用于探测操作者对所述操作面(10)的触摸，和至少一个贯穿所述薄膜层结构(4)的缝隙(8)，其具有两个相对置的缝隙边缘(8a、8b)，以便在薄膜层结构(4)中形成具有至少两个相对置的缝隙边缘(8a、8b)的缺口；
将薄膜层结构(4)以贴靠的方式固定在操作上部件(2)或操作下部件(3)的贴靠面(9)上，其方式为构造在贴靠面(9)中的销(5)穿过缺口并且所述缝隙边缘(8a、8b)与销(5)的周面(5b)被置于弹性预紧的嵌接中；
操作下部件(3)和操作上部件(2)设置成使得操作下部件(3)设置在操作上部件(2)的背离操作面(10)的一侧(11)上，并且薄膜层结构(4)设置在操作上部件(2)与操作下部件(3)之间，贴靠于操作上部件(2)和/或操作部件(3)；
相互固定操作上部件(2)和操作部件(3)。
10.根据前述权利要求所述的方法，其中，将所述操作上部件(2)和操作部件(3)通过超声焊接相互固定。
11.根据前述权利要求9或10中任一项所述的方法，其中，将所述销(5)构造在操作下部件(3)。
12.根据前述权利要求9至11中任一项所述的方法，其中，形成缺口的缝隙(8)的缝隙边缘(8a、8b)利用工具与周面(5b)接合。
13.根据前述权利要求9至12中任一项所述的方法，其中，在薄膜层结构(4)中形成缺口的缝隙(8)的最大缝隙宽度在未固定的状态中小于销(5)的最小横截面直径。
14.根据前述权利要求9至13中任一项所述的方法，其中，将所述操作上部件(2)和操作部件(3)分别以热成型方法制造。
15.一种根据前述权利要求1至8中任一项所述的操作部件(1)在机动车辆中的用途。
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