CN114055872A - 一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及到一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,包括吸音阻燃板,所述吸音阻燃层板包括片状柔性层、热熔层和吸音阻燃层,所述吸音阻燃层包括若干玻纤板和夹设在玻纤板中的聚氨酯胶;这种材料的吸音阻燃效果更好,且结构强度更强;片状柔性层是设置在表面的,可用于保护吸音阻燃层,而在吸音阻燃层中,聚氨酯胶夹设在玻纤板中,聚氨酯胶因为自身的性质具有良好的吸音特性,其次聚氨酯胶与玻纤板成夹心饼干式设置,再不影响这种吸音阻燃材料表面的结构强度时,还可使这种材料具有一定的韧性,在受到外界作用力后,聚氨酯胶因自身弹性作用可以发生一定的压缩与回弹,有效的化解外界作用力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合材料,特别涉及一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料。
背景技术
随着交通运输、工业迅速发展,污染也随之产生,尤其噪声污染已被列为世界三大污染之一,危害和影响非常大。噪声不仅扰乱听觉系统,诱发疲劳、耳聋等,还加速老化机械及建筑物,影响仪表设备精确度、使用寿命等。控制噪声材料有:吸声材料、隔声材料、隔振材料、减振材料,吸声材料在控制噪音领域作用越来越大。统吸音材料大多使用岩棉、矿棉以及玻璃棉等其他材料,但其在原材料制取、加工、使用处理过程中会给人体及环境带来一定危害,且制作成本高。
当前用于制备吸声材料的原料有金属、大麻、茶叶、聚酯纤维等,其吸声性能尚可满足要求,但仍有不足:原材料本身不环保,价格昂贵,生产工艺路线复杂,有污染环境副产品生成等缺点。
基于上述原因,玻璃纤维板应声而出,做成美观的墙面、吊顶装饰等,由于其自身结构的特殊性,又具有良好的吸音,隔声,隔热,环保,阻燃等特点,因此常常被应用在建筑行业中。
但时目前,现有的玻璃纤维板虽然具备一定的隔声效果,但是应用在房屋建筑装饰时,由于玻璃纤维板结构单一,导致其隔声差,无法满足现代都市的使用需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,其特征在于:包括吸音阻燃板,所述吸音阻燃层板包括片状柔性层、热熔层和吸音阻燃层,所述吸音阻燃层包括若干玻纤板和夹设在玻纤板中的聚氨酯胶。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请请求保护一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,这种材料与一整块玻璃纤维板相比,其吸音阻燃效果更好,且结构强度更强;其中,现状柔性层是设置在表面的,主要作用的是用于装饰,其次是用于保护吸音阻燃层,而在吸音阻燃层中,聚氨酯胶夹设在玻纤板中,聚氨酯胶因为自身的性质具有良好的吸音特性,其次聚氨酯胶与玻纤板成夹心饼干式设置,再不影响这种吸音阻燃材料表面的结构强度时,还可使这种材料具有一定的韧性,在受到外界作用力后,聚氨酯胶因自身弹性作用可以发生一定的压缩与回弹,有效的化解外界作用力。
作为优选,所述聚氨酯胶制备步骤如下:
Stp1:加入聚丙二醇,在110℃的环境下脱水2h后冷却至60℃,再加入计算量的TDI和IPDI聚合得到聚氨酯预聚体;
Stp2:以计量的TMP作为扩链剂,60℃-85℃下反应2-10小时,得到聚氨酯中间体;
Stp3:再向Stp2中得到的聚氨酯中间体中加入二乙胺用以封端;
Stp4:向步骤3得到的产物中添加有机溶剂后,再加入异丙醇少量多次的稀释;
Stp5:静置一段时间后,得到聚氨酯胶状弹性体,向其中加入计量助剂;
Stp6:将Stp5中得到的聚氨酯胶状弹性体放置进真空箱中抽真空后通入氮气,此过程重复至少一次后,得到聚氨酯胶。
通过采用上述技术方案,在上述制备过程中,Stp5中制备得到的物质呈现出一种凝胶果冻质地的物质,随后通过Stp6中的多次抽真空通入氮气的过程,增加聚氨酯胶状弹性体的透气性,降低其致密性,这样做的好处还在于降低其致密性,可以增加物质的吸音效。
作为优选,所述玻纤板包括以下制备步骤:
步骤1,配制玻纤浆液:将玻璃纤维投入洁净的水溶液中,并向其中添加足量的分散剂和消泡剂,直至玻纤全部以单根纤维呈现,形成玻纤悬浊液;
步骤2:制备玻璃原浆,与环氧树脂、铜箔结合,压制成型;
步骤3:在步骤2的压制成型过程中,多次喷淋步骤1中制备得到的玻纤浆液,每次喷淋结束后,真空抽吸干其中的水分;
步骤4:在步骤3中各层玻纤浆液成型过程中,适当穿插尼龙网,用于增强整体结构强度;
步骤5:向步骤3中得到的玻璃纤维板喷淋胶黏剂,胶黏剂可采用丙烯酸酯、三聚氰胺、聚乙酸乙烯酯和脲醛中的一种或任意几种;
步骤6:将步骤5中的半成品烘干后成型。
通过采用上述技术方案,玻璃原浆与环氧树脂铜箔压制成型形成的玻璃纤维板具有良好的结构强度,而通过喷淋在其表面的玻纤浆液可以附着在其表面,降低其表面的光滑度,增强其吸音效果。
作为优选,所述吸音阻燃层包括若干层的玻纤板,每一相邻玻纤板中均匀涂覆有聚氨酯胶,所述聚氨酯胶的厚度为0.05-1cm。
作为优选,所述助剂包括交联剂、胶黏剂、抗氧化剂、稳定剂、纳米胶体二氧化硅。
作为优选,所述助剂中各组分含量如下所示:
作为优选,所述助剂在聚氨酯胶中含量为0.5%-8%。
作为优选,所述片状柔性层为装饰层,与吸音阻燃层热压成型形成热熔层。
作为优选,其可应用作墙面外挂板,其可作为墙面装饰板。
综上所述,本发明具有以下有益效果:
1、本申请请求保护一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,这种材料与一整块玻璃纤维板相比,其吸音阻燃效果更好,且结构强度更强;其中,现状柔性层是设置在表面的,主要作用的是用于装饰,其次是用于保护吸音阻燃层,而在吸音阻燃层中,聚氨酯胶夹设在玻纤板中,聚氨酯胶因为自身的性质具有良好的吸音特性,其次聚氨酯胶与玻纤板成夹心饼干式设置,再不影响这种吸音阻燃材料表面的结构强度时,还可使这种材料具有一定的韧性,在受到外界作用力后,聚氨酯胶因自身弹性作用可以发生一定的压缩与回弹,有效的化解外界作用力;
2、玻璃原浆与环氧树脂铜箔压制成型形成的玻璃纤维板具有良好的结构强度,而通过喷淋在其表面的玻纤浆液可以附着在其表面,降低其表面的光滑度,增强其吸音效果。
3、玻璃原浆与环氧树脂铜箔压制成型形成的玻璃纤维板具有良好的结构强度,而通过喷淋在其表面的玻纤浆液可以附着在其表面,降低其表面的光滑度,增强其吸音效果。
附图说明
图1是实施例中整体结构示意图;
图2是实施例中部分结构示意图。
图中,1、吸音阻燃板;11、片状柔性层;12、吸音阻燃层;121、玻纤板;122、聚氨酯胶;13、热熔层。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释,其并不是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
实施例:
一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,如图1、2所示,包括吸音阻燃板1,吸音阻燃板1包括片状柔性层11、热熔层13和吸音阻燃层12,吸音阻燃层12包括若干玻纤板121和夹设在玻纤板121中的聚氨酯胶122;本申请请求保护一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,这种材料与一整块玻璃纤维板相比,其吸音阻燃效果更好,且结构强度更强;其中,现状柔性层是设置在表面的,主要作用的是用于装饰,其次是用于保护吸音阻燃层12,而在吸音阻燃层12中,聚氨酯胶122夹设在玻纤板121中,聚氨酯胶因为自身的性质具有良好的吸音特性,其次聚氨酯胶122与玻纤板121成夹心饼干式设置,再不影响这种吸音阻燃材料表面的结构强度时,还可使这种材料具有一定的韧性,在受到外界作用力后,聚氨酯胶因自身弹性作用可以发生一定的压缩与回弹,有效的化解外界作用力。
吸音阻燃层包括若干层的玻纤板,每一相邻玻纤板中均匀涂覆有聚氨酯胶,聚氨酯胶的厚度为0.05-1cm。
片状柔性层为装饰层,与吸音阻燃层热压成型形成热熔层,片状柔性层通过热压的方式固定在吸音阻燃层上。
这种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料可应用在墙面外挂上,也可作为墙面装饰板。
聚氨酯胶制备步骤如下:
Stp1:加入聚丙二醇,在110℃的环境下脱水2h后冷却至60℃,再加入计算量的TDI和IPDI聚合得到聚氨酯预聚体;
Stp2:以计量的TMP作为扩链剂,60℃-85℃下反应2-10小时,得到聚氨酯中间体;
Stp3:再向Stp2中得到的聚氨酯中间体中加入二乙胺用以封端;
Stp4:向步骤3得到的产物中添加有机溶剂后,再加入异丙醇少量多次的稀释;
Stp5:静置一段时间后,得到聚氨酯胶状弹性体,向其中加入计量助剂;
Stp6:将Stp5中得到的聚氨酯胶状弹性体放置进真空箱中抽真空后通入氮气,此过程重复至少一次后,得到聚氨酯胶。
在上述制备过程中,Stp5中制备得到的物质呈现出一种凝胶果冻质地的物质,随后通过Stp6中的多次抽真空通入氮气的过程,增加聚氨酯胶状弹性体的透气性,降低其致密性,这样做的好处还在于降低其致密性,可以增加物质的吸音效。
玻纤板包括以下制备步骤:
步骤1,配制玻纤浆液:将玻璃纤维投入洁净的水溶液中,并向其中添加足量的分散剂和消泡剂,直至玻纤全部以单根纤维呈现,形成玻纤悬浊液;
步骤2:制备玻璃原浆,与环氧树脂、铜箔结合,压制成型;
步骤3:在步骤2的压制成型过程中,多次喷淋步骤1中制备得到的玻纤浆液,每次喷淋结束后,真空抽吸干其中的水分,;
步骤4:在步骤3中各层玻纤浆液成型过程中,适当穿插尼龙网,用于增强整体结构强度;
步骤5:向步骤3中得到的玻璃纤维板喷淋胶黏剂,胶黏剂可采用丙烯酸酯、三聚氰胺、聚乙酸乙烯酯和脲醛中的一种或任意几种;
步骤6:将步骤5中的半成品烘干后成型。
助剂包括交联剂、胶黏剂、抗氧化剂、稳定剂、纳米胶体二氧化硅。
助剂中各组分含量如下所示:
助剂在聚氨酯胶中含量为0.5%-8%。
实施例1-实施例5中具体结构相同,但助剂中的各物质含量不同,详见下表1所示:
表1:
对上述实施例1-实施例5制备得到的吸音阻燃材料,测试导热系统和阻燃等级,并将其记录在下表2所示;
表2:
| 实施例 | 导热系数(25℃,W/m/K) | 阻燃等级 |
| 1 | 0.086 | A级 |
| 2 | 0.079 | A级 |
| 3 | 0.081 | A级 |
| 4 | 0.091 | A级 |
| 5 | 0.083 | A级 |
综上所示,本发明制备得到吸音阻燃材料的导热系数小,隔热又保温,且阻燃等级打到了高等级的A级、
对5cm厚的本产品进行噪音测试,将5cm厚的本产品六面围出一个密闭空间,分别检测空间内和空间外的声音分贝,并记录在下表3所示:
表3:
综上所述,本发明制备得到的吸音阻燃材料,具有良好的隔音效果。
Claims (9)
1.一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,其特征在于:包括吸音阻燃板,所述吸音阻燃层板包括片状柔性层、热熔层和吸音阻燃层,所述吸音阻燃层包括若干玻纤板和夹设在玻纤板中的聚氨酯胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯胶制备步骤如下:
Stp1:加入聚丙二醇,在110℃的环境下脱水2h后冷却至60℃,再加入计算量的TDI和IPDI聚合得到聚氨酯预聚体;
Stp2:以计量的TMP作为扩链剂,60℃-85℃下反应2-10小时,得到聚氨酯中间体;
Stp3:再向Stp2中得到的聚氨酯中间体中加入二乙胺用以封端;
Stp4:向步骤3得到的产物中添加有机溶剂后,再加入异丙醇少量多次的稀释;
Stp5:静置一段时间后,得到聚氨酯胶状弹性体,向其中加入计量助剂;
Stp6:将Stp5中得到的聚氨酯胶状弹性体放置进真空箱中抽真空后通入氮气,此过程重复至少一次后,得到聚氨酯胶。
3.根据权利要求2所述一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,其特征在于,所述玻纤板包括以下制备步骤:
步骤1,配制玻纤浆液:将玻璃纤维投入洁净的水溶液中,并向其中添加足量的分散剂和消泡剂,直至玻纤全部以单根纤维呈现,形成玻纤悬浊液;
步骤2:制备玻璃原浆,与环氧树脂、铜箔结合,压制成型;
步骤3:在步骤2的压制成型过程中,多次喷淋步骤1中制备得到的玻纤浆液,每次喷淋结束后,真空抽吸干其中的水分,;
步骤4:在步骤3中各层玻纤浆液成型过程中,适当穿插尼龙网,用于增强整体结构强度;
步骤5:向步骤3中得到的玻璃纤维板喷淋胶黏剂,胶黏剂可采用丙烯酸酯、三聚氰胺、聚乙酸乙烯酯和脲醛中的一种或任意几种;
步骤6:将步骤5中的半成品烘干后成型。
4.根据权利要求2所述一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,其特征在于:所述吸音阻燃层包括若干层的玻纤板,每一相邻所述玻纤板中均匀涂覆有聚氨酯胶,所述聚氨酯胶的厚度为0.05-1cm。
5.根据权利要求2所述一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,其特征在于:所述助剂包括交联剂、胶黏剂、抗氧化剂、稳定剂、纳米胶体二氧化硅。
7.根据权利要求5所述一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,其特征在于:所述助剂在聚氨酯胶中含量为0.5%-8%。
8.根据权利要求4所述一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,其特征在于:所述片状柔性层为装饰层,与吸音阻燃层热压成型形成热熔层。
9.根据权利要求8所述一种高性能复合吸音阻燃材料,其特征在于:其可应用作墙面外挂板,其可作为墙面装饰板。
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