CN114051919A - Aerial fog type plant sugar-free culture device, control method thereof and plant culture method - Google Patents
Aerial fog type plant sugar-free culture device, control method thereof and plant culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114051919A CN114051919A CN202111546899.3A CN202111546899A CN114051919A CN 114051919 A CN114051919 A CN 114051919A CN 202111546899 A CN202111546899 A CN 202111546899A CN 114051919 A CN114051919 A CN 114051919A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/02—Treatment of plants with carbon dioxide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aerosol type plant sugar-free culture device, a control method thereof and a method for culturing plants, wherein the aerosol type plant sugar-free culture device comprises: the device comprises a gas supply system, a liquid supply system, an atomization system, a culture container and a water mist generation chamber; the gas supply system comprises a gas storage container, a gas distribution box, a gas concentration controller, a gas pump, an air flow meter, a filter and a first pipeline; the liquid supply system comprises a liquid storage container, a water pump, a liquid level meter, a controller and a second pipeline; the atomization system comprises an ultrasonic generator and a time controller. The aerial fog type plant sugar-free culture device, the control method thereof and the method for culturing the plants can improve the culture effect of the plants, so that the required nutrition, carbon source, illumination, temperature and humidity of the plants are fully satisfied in the culture process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, relates to a plant cultivation device, and particularly relates to an aerial fog type plant sugar-free cultivation device, a control method thereof and a plant cultivation method.
Background
Plant micropropagation is a labor intensive industry and in particular the transfer of plant material is one of the most burdensome and so far can only be done manually. Liquid culture and aerosol culture can be carried out without inserting seedlings, and only culture materials are cut and put into a culture container, so that labor force is reduced, and production efficiency is greatly improved.
However, the prior art has the following problems: the liquid culture has poor ventilation and serious vitrification, and the accumulation phenomenon of seedlings is easy to occur; although the submerged culture solves the gas exchange problem to a certain extent, the factors of small dissolved oxygen amount, large shearing force, unfavorable culture and the like still exist. The aerial fog culture has the advantages of good gas exchange, no seedling accumulation and the like, but also has the problems of high humidity in a container, generation of glass seedlings, thin and weak plants, easy pollution, low domestication survival rate and the like.
In view of the above, there is an urgent need to design a new plant cultivation device to overcome at least some of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the existing plant cultivation devices.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an aerosol plant sugar-free culture device, a control method thereof and a method for culturing plants, which improve the culture effect and ensure that the required nutrition, carbon source, illumination, temperature and humidity of the plants are fully satisfied in the culture process. The labor cost is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
In order to solve the technical problem, according to one aspect of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
an aerosol plant sugar-free culture device, comprising: a gas supply system, a liquid supply system, an atomization system, a culture container (7) and a water mist generation chamber (10);
the gas supply system and the liquid supply system are respectively connected with the culture container (7), the water mist generation chamber (10) is arranged below the culture container (7), and the atomization system is arranged in the water mist generation chamber (10);
the gas supply system comprises a gas storage container (1), a gas distribution box (2), a gas concentration controller (3), a gas pump (4), an air flow meter (5), a filter (6) and a first pipeline;
one end of the first pipeline is connected with the gas storage container (1), and the other end of the first pipeline is connected with the culture container (7); the gas storage container (1) stores high-concentration carbon dioxide;
the gas storage container (1) is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the gas concentration controller (3) is respectively connected with the gas distribution box (2) and the electromagnetic valve of the gas storage container (1); the gas concentration controller (3) is used for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide gas and sending a control signal to the electromagnetic valve;
the first pipeline is sequentially provided with a gas distribution box (2), a gas concentration controller (3), a gas pump (4), an air flow meter (5) and a filter (6);
the delivery of the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage container (1) is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas is mixed with air and then enters the culture container for plant culture or photosynthesis through an air flow meter and an air filter under the action of an air pump, and the gas for the plants to absorb the carbon dioxide is discharged from an air outlet (8); the concentration of the carbon dioxide is controlled by the connection of an electromagnetic valve and a gas concentration controller, and the flow rate of the gas is controlled by an air flow meter;
the liquid supply system comprises a liquid storage container (13), a water pump (14), a liquid level meter (15), a controller (16) and a second pipeline; one end of the second pipeline is connected with the liquid storage container (13), and the other end of the second pipeline is connected with the water mist generating chamber (10);
the water pump (14) is connected with the liquid storage container through one end of the pipeline, the other end of the pipeline is connected with the water mist generation chamber (10), the controller is connected with a liquid level meter arranged on the wall of the water mist generation chamber through one end of the pipeline, and the other end of the pipeline is connected with the water pump;
the controller (16) sends an instruction to the water pump according to the feedback of the liquid level meter, the water pump inputs nutrient solution in the liquid storage container into the water mist generation chamber according to the instruction of the controller, the nutrient solution stops supplying liquid when reaching the upper position, and starts supplying liquid when falling to the lower position;
the atomization system comprises an ultrasonic generator (11) and a time controller (12); the ultrasonic generator (11) and the time controller (12) are arranged in the water mist generating chamber (10); the ultrasonic generator (11) is used for atomizing liquid water; the ultrasonic generator is connected with a time controller through a circuit, and the time controller (12) controls the ultrasonic generator (11) to work according to a preset control scheme;
the ultrasonic generator atomizes the nutrient solution in the water mist generating chamber, the nutrient solution enters the culture container on the upper layer through the grids of the culture layer for plants to absorb and utilize, and formed water drops flow back to the water mist generating chamber on the lower layer under the action of gravity;
the culture container (7) can be large or small in volume, the top of the culture container is provided with at least one air outlet (8), and the bottom of the culture container (7) is provided with at least one culture layer (9); the culture layer is in a grid shape, air outlets are formed in the top and the side face of the culture container, and air filter membranes are mounted on the air outlets to prevent dust and microorganisms from entering the culture container; the water mist generating chamber is provided with an ultrasonic generator, and the wall of the water mist generating chamber is provided with a liquid level meter; a clamping groove and a sealing ring are arranged between the culture container and the water mist generation chamber for fixing;
during the plant cultivation, the frequency of water mist generation, carbon dioxide concentration and air flow rate are adjusted according to the kind and growth of the culture.
According to another aspect of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted: an aerosol plant sugar-free cultivation device, comprising: a gas supply system, a liquid supply system, an atomization system, a culture container (7) and a water mist generation chamber (10);
the gas supply system and the liquid supply system are respectively connected with the culture container (7), the water mist generation chamber (10) is arranged below the culture container (7), and the atomization system is arranged in the water mist generation chamber (10);
the gas supply system comprises a gas storage container (1), a gas distribution box (2), a gas concentration controller (3), a gas pump (4), an air flow meter (5), a filter (6) and a first pipeline;
one end of the first pipeline is connected with the gas storage container (1), and the other end of the first pipeline is connected with the culture container (7); the gas storage container (1) stores high-concentration carbon dioxide;
the gas storage container (1) is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the gas concentration controller (3) is respectively connected with the gas distribution box (2) and the electromagnetic valve of the gas storage container (1); the gas concentration controller (3) is used for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide gas and sending a control signal to the electromagnetic valve according to the detected concentration;
the first pipeline is sequentially provided with a gas distribution box (2), a gas concentration controller (3), a gas pump (4), an air flow meter (5) and a filter (6);
the delivery of the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage container (1) is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas is mixed with air and then enters the culture container for plant culture or photosynthesis through an air flow meter and an air filter under the action of an air pump, and the gas for the plants to absorb the carbon dioxide is discharged from an air outlet (8);
the liquid supply system comprises a liquid storage container (13), a water pump (14), a liquid level meter (15), a controller (16) and a second pipeline; one end of the second pipeline is connected with a liquid storage container (13), and the other end of the second pipeline is connected with a water mist generation chamber (10);
the second pipeline is provided with a water pump (14), and the controller is respectively connected with the liquid level meter and the water pump; the controller (16) sends an instruction to the water pump according to the feedback of the liquid level meter; the water pump inputs the nutrient solution in the liquid storage container into the water mist generating chamber according to the instruction of the controller;
the atomization system comprises an ultrasonic generator (11) and a time controller (12); the ultrasonic generator (11) and the time controller (12) are arranged in the water mist generating chamber (10); the ultrasonic generator (11) is used for atomizing liquid water; the ultrasonic generator is connected with a time controller through a circuit, and the time controller (12) controls the ultrasonic generator (11) to work according to a preset control scheme;
the ultrasonic generator atomizes the nutrient solution in the water mist generating chamber, the nutrient solution enters the culture container on the upper layer through the grids of the culture layer for plants to absorb and utilize, and formed water drops flow back to the water mist generating chamber on the lower layer under the action of gravity;
as an embodiment of the invention, the culture container (7) can be large or small in volume, the top of the culture container is provided with at least one air outlet (8), and the bottom of the culture container (7) is provided with at least one culture layer (9); the culture layer is in a grid shape, air outlets are formed in the top and the side face of the culture container, and air filter membranes are mounted on the air outlets to prevent dust and microorganisms from entering the culture container; the water mist generating chamber is provided with an ultrasonic generator, and the wall of the water mist generating chamber is provided with a liquid level meter; a clamping groove and a sealing ring are arranged between the culture container and the water mist generation chamber for fixing.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the frequency of water mist generation, carbon dioxide concentration and air flow velocity are adjusted according to the kind and growth of the culture during the plant cultivation.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the controller stops the supply of the nutrient solution when the nutrient solution reaches the first position, and starts the supply of the nutrient solution when the nutrient solution falls to the second position.
According to another aspect of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted: the control method of the aerial fog type plant sugar-free culture device comprises the following steps:
air supply control step: the delivery of the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage container (1) is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas is mixed with air and then enters the culture container for plant culture or photosynthesis through an air flow meter and an air filter under the action of an air pump, and the gas for the plants to absorb the carbon dioxide is discharged from an air outlet;
a liquid supply control step: the controller sends out an instruction to the water feeding pump according to the feedback of the liquid level meter; the water pump inputs the nutrient solution in the liquid storage container into the water mist generating chamber according to the instruction of the controller;
and (3) atomization control: the time controller sets the water mist generation time, the ultrasonic generator atomizes the nutrient solution in the water mist generation chamber, the nutrient solution enters the culture container on the upper layer through the grids of the culture layer for plants to absorb and utilize, and formed water drops flow back to the water mist generation chamber on the lower layer under the action of gravity.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the frequency of water mist generation, carbon dioxide concentration and air flow velocity are adjusted according to the kind and growth of the culture during the plant cultivation.
According to another aspect of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted: a method for culturing plants by using the aerial fog type plant sugar-free culture device comprises the following steps:
nutrient solution, culture container sterilization and inoculation steps: using a sugar-free culture solution; the sugar-free culture solution is a culture solution which is not added with sugar and organic matters and is only added with major elements, iron salts and trace elements; sterilizing the nutrient solution at high temperature or high pressure; sterilizing the culture container; in a clean workbench or a clean space, cutting a material to be inoculated, uniformly placing the material on a culture layer of a prepared culture container, then placing the culture container on a water mist generation chamber, clamping the culture container, and fixing the culture container by using a sealing ring, so that the culture can be carried out;
a culture environment regulation step: the aerosol generation frequency is adjusted according to the type of the culture material and the condition of the culture; ensuring that all culture materials can fully absorb nutrient solution, wherein the air humidity in the container is kept above 90% in 0-5 days of culture, the illumination is weak, and the air humidity is gradually reduced to increase the illumination intensity along with the extension of the culture time; the air humidity in the container can be adjusted comprehensively through the generation frequency of the aerial fog, forced ventilation and natural ventilation; natural ventilation means adjusting the opening and closing of the air outlets on the culture container cover and the wall; in the light phase, CO is enriched by adjusting2The air inflow of the concentration is used for meeting the requirement of plant growth and photosynthesis on CO2The need of (c); CO 22The control concentration is as follows: 2000ppm for C3 plants, 3000ppm for C4 plants, CO2The time of supply is synchronized with the illumination time; in the dark period, only ventilation is needed, and CO does not need to be supplemented2Excluding plants that metabolize crassulacetic acid; the temperature is mainly controlled by an air conditioner, and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the culture container is adjusted by forced ventilation.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for sterilizing a culture container by washing the culture container in the step of sterilizing the culture container includes at least one of the following methods: irradiating by an ultraviolet lamp, disinfecting by ozone, soaking by hot water with the temperature of more than 70 ℃, soaking by 84 disinfectant, and sterilizing at high pressure; the culture container can be used after being sterilized.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the plant material that is propagated by cutting can be cultivated without cutting into small stem segments as long as the apical dominance of the plant is removed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the aerial fog type plant sugar-free culture device, the control method thereof and the method for culturing the plants, which are provided by the invention, can improve the culture effect of the plants, fully meet the requirements of nutrition, carbon source, illumination, temperature and humidity required by the plants in the culture process, and provide an optimal culture environment for the growth of the plants. The photosynthesis of the plant is promoted by the aid of flowing water mist and dissolved oxygen in a sugar-free culture mode, the formation and growth of plant roots can be promoted by the aid of the factors, and the rooting rate and growth development of the plant are remarkably improved.
The invention can supplement carbon source and nutrient substances needed by plant growth in time, adjust the air velocity in the culture container according to the plant growth condition and photosynthesis, and supplement CO2Gas, regulating the temperature and humidity in the culture container. The aerosol culture coordinates the contradiction between liquid phase and gas phase, and the forced ventilation enhances the gas exchange, thus being beneficial to the growth and development of plants, and the cultivated plants are strong, good in quality and high in domestication survival rate. Can obtain a large amount of plants with the same heredity, consistent physiology and normal growth in a short time.
The invention simplifies the process flow and equipment of the prior tissue culture technology, can use a culture container with large or small volume, simplifies the complicated seedling transferring work, obviously reduces the cost of labor force, lightens the labor intensity of the seedling transferring of workers, and greatly improves the working efficiency. Is favorable for the large-scale and industrialized production of the rapid propagation of the plants.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an aerial fog type plant sugar-free cultivation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims.
The description in this section is for several exemplary embodiments only, and the present invention is not limited only to the scope of the embodiments described. It is within the scope of the present disclosure and protection that the same or similar prior art means and some features of the embodiments may be interchanged.
The steps in the embodiments in the specification are only expressed for convenience of description, and the implementation manner of the present application is not limited by the order of implementation of the steps. The term "connected" in the specification includes both direct connection and indirect connection.
The sugar-free culture and micropropagation of the plants are carried out by CO2Sugar in the substitute culture medium is used as a carbon source, and an environment control means is adopted to provide proper illumination, temperature, humidity and CO for the growth of plantlets in the container2The conditions of concentration, nutrition and the like promote the photosynthesis of the plants, thereby promoting the growth and development and the rapid propagation of the plants. Has the characteristics of fast plant growth, good quality, high survival rate, difficult pollution and the like. Therefore, combining sugar-free cultivation and aeroponic cultivation of plants is undoubtedly an excellent solution to the problems of the prior art.
The invention discloses an aerosol plant sugar-free culture device, and fig. 1 is a schematic composition diagram of the aerosol plant sugar-free culture device in one embodiment of the invention; referring to fig. 1, the aerial fog type plant sugar-free cultivation device comprises: a gas supply system, a liquid supply system, an atomization system, a culture container 7 and a water mist generation chamber 10. The gas supply system and the liquid supply system are respectively connected with the culture container 7, the water mist generation chamber 10 is arranged below the culture container 7, and the atomization system is arranged in the water mist generation chamber 10.
The gas supply system comprises a gas storage container 1, a gas distribution box 2, a gas concentration controller 3, a gas pump 4, an air flow meter 5, a filter 6 and a first pipeline 17. One end of the first pipeline 17 is connected with the gas storage container 1, and the other end of the first pipeline 17 is connected with the culture container 7; the gas storage container 1 stores high-concentration carbon dioxide.
The gas storage container 1 is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the gas concentration controller 3 is respectively connected with the gas distribution box 2 and the electromagnetic valve of the gas storage container 1; the gas concentration controller 3 is configured to detect the concentration of the carbon dioxide gas and send a control signal to the solenoid valve. The first pipeline 17 is sequentially provided with a gas distribution box 2, a gas concentration controller 3, a gas pump 4, an air flow meter 5 and a filter 6.
The delivery of the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage container 1 is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas is mixed with air, the mixed gas enters the culture container for plant culture or photosynthesis through an air flow meter and an air filter under the action of an air pump, and the gas for the plants to absorb the carbon dioxide is discharged from an air outlet 8; the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled by the connection of an electromagnetic valve and a gas concentration controller, and the flow rate of the gas is controlled by an airflow meter.
The liquid supply system comprises a liquid storage container 13, a water pump 14, a liquid level meter 15, a controller 16 and a second pipeline 18; one end of the second pipe 18 is connected to the reservoir 13, and the other end of the second pipe 18 is connected to the mist generating chamber 10.
The second pipeline 18 is provided with a water pump 14; the controller 16 is respectively connected with a water pump 14 and a liquid level meter 15 arranged on the wall of the water mist generation chamber; the controller 16 sends an instruction to the water pump 14 according to the feedback of the liquid level meter 15; the water pump 14 feeds the nutrient solution in the reservoir 13 to the mist generating chamber 10 according to the instruction of the controller 16. The control logic of the controller 16 may be: the feeding of the nutrient solution is stopped when the nutrient solution reaches the first position, which may be an up position, and the feeding of the nutrient solution is started when the nutrient solution descends to the second position, which may be a down position.
The atomization system comprises an ultrasonic generator 11 and a time controller 12; the ultrasonic generator 11 and the time controller 12 are arranged in the water mist generating chamber 10; the ultrasonic generator 11 is used for atomizing liquid water; the ultrasonic generator is connected with a time controller through a line, and the time controller 12 controls the ultrasonic generator 11 to work according to a preset control scheme. The ultrasonic generator atomizes the nutrient solution in the water mist generating chamber, the nutrient solution enters the culture container on the upper layer through the grids of the culture layer for plants to absorb and utilize, and formed water drops flow back to the water mist generating chamber on the lower layer under the action of gravity.
The culture container 7 can be large or small in volume, the top of the culture container is provided with at least one air outlet 8, and the bottom of the culture container 7 is provided with at least one culture layer 9; the culture layer is in a grid shape, air outlets are formed in the top and the side face of the culture container, and air filter membranes are mounted on the air outlets to prevent dust and microorganisms from entering the culture container; the water mist generating chamber is provided with an ultrasonic generator, and the wall of the water mist generating chamber is provided with a liquid level meter; a clamping groove and a sealing ring are arranged between the culture container and the water mist generation chamber for fixing.
In one use scenario of the invention, the frequency of water mist generation, carbon dioxide concentration and airflow velocity are adjusted during plant cultivation according to the culture species and growth.
The invention also discloses a control method of the aerial fog type plant sugar-free culture device, which comprises the following steps:
air supply control step: the delivery of the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage container is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas is mixed with air and then enters the culture container for plant culture or photosynthesis through an air flow meter and an air filter under the action of an air pump, and the gas for the plants to absorb the carbon dioxide is discharged from an air outlet;
a liquid supply control step: the controller sends out an instruction to the water feeding pump according to the feedback of the liquid level meter; the water pump inputs the nutrient solution in the liquid storage container into the water mist generating chamber according to the instruction of the controller;
and (3) atomization control: the time controller sets the water mist generation time, the ultrasonic generator atomizes the nutrient solution in the water mist generation chamber, the nutrient solution enters the culture container on the upper layer through the grids of the culture layer for plants to absorb and utilize, and formed water drops flow back to the water mist generation chamber on the lower layer under the action of gravity.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the frequency of water mist generation, carbon dioxide concentration and air flow rate are adjusted during plant cultivation according to the kind of culture and growth conditions.
The invention further discloses a method for culturing plants by using the aerial fog type plant sugar-free culture device, which comprises the following steps:
nutrient solution, culture container sterilization and inoculation steps: using a sugar-free culture solution (without sugar and organic matters, only adding macroelements, iron salts and trace elements); sterilizing the nutrient solution at high temperature or high pressure; the culture container is sterilized (after the culture container is cleaned, the culture container is sterilized by various methods, such as ultraviolet lamp irradiation, ozone sterilization, hot water soaking at a temperature of more than 70 degrees, 84 disinfectant soaking, autoclaving and the like, and the culture container can be used after being sterilized). In a clean workbench or a clean space, the material to be inoculated is cut (if the top end advantage is removed if the plant is a plant), is uniformly placed on a culture layer of a prepared culture container, then the culture container is placed on a water mist generation chamber, is clamped and is fixed by a sealing ring, and then the culture can be carried out.
A culture environment regulation step: the aerosol generation frequency is adjusted according to the type of the culture material and the condition of the culture; ensuring that all culture materials can fully absorb nutrient solution, wherein the air humidity in the container is kept above 90% in 0-5 days of culture, the illumination is weak, and the air humidity is gradually reduced to increase the illumination intensity along with the extension of the culture time; the air humidity in the container can be adjusted comprehensively through the generation frequency of the aerial fog, forced ventilation and natural ventilation; natural ventilation means adjusting the opening and closing of the air outlets on the culture container cover and the wall; in the light phase, CO is enriched by adjusting2The air inflow of the concentration is used for meeting the requirement of plant growth and photosynthesis on CO2The need of (c); CO 22The control concentration is as follows: 2000ppm for C3 plants, 3000ppm for C4 plants, CO2The time of supply is synchronized with the illumination time; in the dark period, only ventilation is needed, and CO does not need to be supplemented2(excluding plants that metabolize crassulacetic acid); the temperature is mainly controlled by an air conditioner, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the culture container,regulated by forced ventilation.
In one embodiment of the invention, the plant material that is propagated by cutting is cultivated without cutting into small stem segments, as long as the apical dominance of the plant is removed.
In summary, the aerosol plant sugar-free culture device, the control method thereof and the method for culturing plants provided by the invention can improve the plant culture effect and fully meet the requirements of nutrition, carbon source, illumination, temperature and humidity required by the plants in the culture process. Especially, the nutrient solution can be supplemented in time, the air flow speed in the culture container can be adjusted according to the growth condition of plants and photosynthesis, and CO can be supplemented2Gas, regulating the temperature and humidity in the culture container.
The invention can supplement carbon source and nutrient substances needed by plant growth in time, the liquid phase and gas phase contradiction is coordinated by aerial fog culture, the gas exchange is enhanced by forced ventilation, the growth and development of the plant are facilitated, the cultivated plant is strong and has good quality and high domestication survival rate. Can obtain a large amount of plants with the same heredity, consistent physiology and normal growth in a short time. The cost of labor force can be obviously reduced, the labor intensity of workers in seedling transferring operation is reduced, and the working efficiency is greatly improved. Is favorable for the large-scale and industrialized production of the rapid propagation of the plants.
It should be noted that the present application may be implemented in software and/or a combination of software and hardware; for example, it may be implemented using Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), general purpose computers, or any other similar hardware devices. In some embodiments, the software programs of the present application may be executed by a processor to implement the above steps or functions. As such, the software programs (including associated data structures) of the present application can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium; such as RAM memory, magnetic or optical drives or diskettes, and the like. In addition, some steps or functions of the present application may be implemented using hardware; for example, as circuitry that cooperates with the processor to perform various steps or functions.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The description and applications of the invention herein are illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the embodiments described above. Effects or advantages referred to in the embodiments may not be reflected in the embodiments due to interference of various factors, and the description of the effects or advantages is not intended to limit the embodiments. Variations and modifications of the embodiments disclosed herein are possible, and alternative and equivalent various components of the embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other forms, structures, arrangements, proportions, and with other components, materials, and parts, without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Other variations and modifications of the embodiments disclosed herein may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An aerosol plant sugar-free culture device, characterized in that, the aerosol plant sugar-free culture device includes: the device comprises a gas supply system, a liquid supply system, an atomization system, a culture container and a water mist generation chamber;
the gas supply system and the liquid supply system are respectively connected with the culture container, the water mist generation chamber is arranged below the culture container, and the atomization system is arranged in the water mist generation chamber;
the gas supply system comprises a gas storage container, a gas distribution box, a gas concentration controller, a gas pump, an air flow meter, a filter and a first pipeline;
one end of the first pipeline is connected with the gas storage container, and the other end of the first pipeline is connected with the culture container; the gas storage container stores high-concentration carbon dioxide;
the gas storage container is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the gas concentration controller is respectively connected with the gas distribution box and the electromagnetic valve of the gas storage container; the gas concentration controller is used for detecting the concentration of the carbon dioxide gas and sending a control signal to the electromagnetic valve according to the detected concentration;
the first pipeline is sequentially provided with a gas distribution box, a gas concentration controller, a gas pump, an air flow meter and a filter;
the delivery of the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage container is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas is mixed with air and then enters the culture container for plant culture or photosynthesis through an air flow meter and an air filter under the action of an air pump, and the gas for the plants to absorb the carbon dioxide is discharged from an air outlet;
the liquid supply system comprises a liquid storage container, a water pump, a liquid level meter, a controller and a second pipeline; one end of the second pipeline is connected with the liquid storage container, and the other end of the second pipeline is connected with the water mist generating chamber;
the water pump is connected with the liquid storage container through one end of the pipeline, the other end of the pipeline is connected with the water mist generation chamber, the controller is connected with a liquid level meter arranged on the wall of the water mist generation chamber through one end of the pipeline, and the other end of the pipeline is connected with the water pump;
the controller sends an instruction to the water pump according to the feedback of the liquid level meter, the water pump inputs the nutrient solution in the liquid storage container into the water mist generation chamber according to the instruction of the controller, the nutrient solution stops supplying liquid when reaching the upper position, and the nutrient solution starts supplying liquid when falling to the lower position;
the atomization system comprises an ultrasonic generator and a time controller; the ultrasonic generator and the time controller are arranged in the water mist generating chamber; the ultrasonic generator is used for atomizing liquid water; the ultrasonic generator is connected with a time controller through a circuit, and the time controller controls the ultrasonic generator to work according to a preset control scheme;
the ultrasonic generator atomizes the nutrient solution in the water mist generating chamber, the nutrient solution enters the culture container on the upper layer through the grids of the culture layer for plants to absorb and utilize, and formed water drops flow back to the water mist generating chamber on the lower layer under the action of gravity;
the top of the culture container is provided with at least one air outlet, and the bottom of the culture container is provided with at least one culture layer; the culture layer is in a grid shape, air outlets are formed in the top and the side face of the culture container, and air filter membranes are mounted on the air outlets to prevent dust and microorganisms from entering the culture container; the water mist generating chamber is provided with an ultrasonic generator, and the wall of the water mist generating chamber is provided with a liquid level meter; a clamping groove and a sealing ring are arranged between the culture container and the water mist generation chamber for fixing;
during the plant cultivation, the frequency of water mist generation, carbon dioxide concentration and air flow velocity are adjusted according to the culture species and growth conditions.
2. An aerosol plant sugar-free culture device, characterized in that, the aerosol plant sugar-free culture device includes: the device comprises a gas supply system, a liquid supply system, an atomization system, a culture container and a water mist generation chamber;
the gas supply system and the liquid supply system are respectively connected with the culture container, the water mist generation chamber is arranged below the culture container, and the atomization system is arranged in the water mist generation chamber;
the gas supply system comprises a gas storage container, a gas distribution box, a gas concentration controller, a gas pump, an air flow meter, a filter and a first pipeline;
one end of the first pipeline is connected with the gas storage container, and the second end of the first pipeline is connected with the culture container; the gas storage container stores high-concentration carbon dioxide;
the gas storage container is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the gas concentration controller is respectively connected with the gas distribution box and the electromagnetic valve of the gas storage container; the gas concentration controller is used for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide gas and sending a control signal to the electromagnetic valve according to the detected concentration;
the first pipeline is sequentially provided with a gas distribution box, a gas concentration controller, a gas pump, an air flow meter and a filter;
the delivery of the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage container is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas is mixed with air and then enters the culture container for plant culture or photosynthesis through an air flow meter and an air filter under the action of an air pump, and the gas for the plants to absorb the carbon dioxide is discharged from an air outlet;
the liquid supply system comprises a liquid storage container, a water pump, a liquid level meter, a controller and a second pipeline; the first end of the second pipeline is connected with the liquid storage container, and the second end of the second pipeline is connected with the water mist generating chamber;
the second pipeline is provided with a water pump, and the controller is respectively connected with the liquid level meter and the water pump; the controller sends an instruction to the water pump according to the feedback of the liquid level meter; the water pump inputs the nutrient solution in the liquid storage container into the water mist generating chamber according to the instruction of the controller;
the atomization system comprises an ultrasonic generator and a time controller; the ultrasonic generator and the time controller are arranged in the water mist generating chamber; the ultrasonic generator is used for atomizing liquid water; the ultrasonic generator is connected with a time controller through a circuit, and the time controller controls the ultrasonic generator to work according to a preset control scheme;
the ultrasonic generator atomizes the nutrient solution in the water mist generating chamber, the nutrient solution enters the culture container on the upper layer through the grids of the culture layer for plants to absorb and utilize, and formed water drops flow back to the water mist generating chamber on the lower layer under the action of gravity.
3. The aerial fog type plant sugar-free cultivation device according to claim 2, wherein:
the top of the culture container is provided with at least one air outlet, and the bottom of the culture container is provided with at least one culture layer; the culture layer is in a grid shape, air outlets are formed in the top and the side face of the culture container, and air filter membranes are mounted on the air outlets to prevent dust and microorganisms from entering the culture container; the water mist generating chamber is provided with an ultrasonic generator, and the wall of the water mist generating chamber is provided with a liquid level meter; a clamping groove and a sealing ring are arranged between the culture container and the water mist generation chamber for fixing.
4. The aerial fog type plant sugar-free cultivation device according to claim 2, wherein:
during the plant cultivation, the frequency of water mist generation, carbon dioxide concentration and air flow rate are adjusted according to the kind and growth of the culture.
5. The aerial fog type plant sugar-free cultivation device according to claim 2, wherein:
the controller stops the liquid supply when the nutrient solution reaches the first position and starts the liquid supply when the nutrient solution drops to the second position.
6. A method of controlling an aerosolized plant sugarless cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
air supply control step: the delivery of the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas in the gas storage container is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas and air are mixed to a set concentration and then enter the culture container for plant culture or photosynthesis through an air flow meter and an air filter under the action of an air pump, and the gas for the plants to absorb the carbon dioxide is discharged from an air outlet;
a liquid supply control step: the controller sends out an instruction to the water feeding pump according to the feedback of the liquid level meter; the water pump inputs the nutrient solution in the liquid storage container into the water mist generating chamber according to the instruction of the controller;
and (3) atomization control: the time controller sets the water mist generation time, the ultrasonic generator atomizes the nutrient solution in the water mist generation chamber, the nutrient solution enters the culture container on the upper layer through the grids of the culture layer for plants to absorb and utilize, and formed water drops flow back to the water mist generation chamber on the lower layer under the action of gravity.
7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that:
during the plant cultivation, the frequency of water mist generation, carbon dioxide concentration and air flow velocity are adjusted according to the culture species and growth conditions.
8. A method for cultivating plants by using the aerial plant sugar-free cultivation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method for cultivating plants comprises the steps of:
nutrient solution, culture container sterilization and inoculation steps: using a sugar-free culture solution, wherein the sugar-free culture solution is a culture solution which is not added with sugar and organic matters and is only added with macroelements, iron salts and trace elements; sterilizing the nutrient solution at high temperature or high pressure; sterilizing the culture container; in a clean workbench or a clean space, cutting a material to be inoculated, uniformly placing the material on a culture layer of a prepared culture container, then placing the culture container on a water mist generation chamber, clamping the culture container, and fixing the culture container by using a sealing ring, so that the culture can be carried out;
a culture environment regulation step: the aerosol generation frequency is adjusted according to the type of the culture material and the condition of the culture; ensuring that all culture materials can fully absorb nutrient solution, wherein the air humidity in the container is kept above 90% in 0-5 days of culture, the illumination is weak, and the air humidity is gradually reduced to increase the illumination intensity along with the extension of the culture time; the air humidity in the container is adjusted comprehensively through the generation frequency of the aerial fog, forced ventilation and natural ventilation; natural ventilation means adjusting the opening and closing of the air outlets on the culture container cover and the wall; in the light phase, CO is enriched by adjusting2The air inflow of the concentration is used for meeting the requirement of plant growth and photosynthesis on CO2The need of (c); CO 22The control concentration is as follows: 2000ppm for C3 plants, 3000ppm for C4 plants, CO2The time of supply is synchronized with the illumination time; in the dark period, only ventilation is needed, and CO does not need to be supplemented2Excluding plants that metabolize crassulacetic acid; the temperature is mainly controlled by an air conditioner, and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the culture container is adjusted by forced ventilation.
9. The method of growing plants according to claim 8, wherein:
in the step of sterilizing the culture vessel, the culture vessel is washed clean, and the method of sterilizing the culture vessel includes at least one of the following methods: irradiating by an ultraviolet lamp, disinfecting by ozone, soaking by hot water with the temperature of more than 70 ℃, soaking by 84 disinfectant, and sterilizing at high pressure; the culture container can be used after being sterilized.
10. The method of growing plants according to claim 8, wherein:
the plant material which is cut into segments and propagated can be cultured only by removing the apical dominance of the plant without cutting into small stem segments.
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