CN114051871A - Method for preventing and treating lepidoptera pests of tsaoko amomum fruits by using natural enemies - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating lepidoptera pests of tsaoko amomum fruits by using natural enemies Download PDFInfo
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- CN114051871A CN114051871A CN202111536927.3A CN202111536927A CN114051871A CN 114051871 A CN114051871 A CN 114051871A CN 202111536927 A CN202111536927 A CN 202111536927A CN 114051871 A CN114051871 A CN 114051871A
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 241000255777 Lepidoptera Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 241001127714 Amomum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 241000041303 Trigonostigma heteromorpha Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000819999 Nymphes Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 32
- 241000220223 Fragaria Species 0.000 description 9
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000021012 strawberries Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 241001346334 Amomum tsao-ko Species 0.000 description 5
- 240000002943 Elettaria cardamomum Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000256251 Spodoptera frugiperda Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000005300 cardamomo Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000353522 Earias insulana Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000258937 Hemiptera Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001492180 Lygus pratensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000721703 Lymantria dispar Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- DBPRUZCKPFOVDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Clorprenaline hydrochloride Chemical compound O.Cl.CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl DBPRUZCKPFOVDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Eucalyptol Chemical compound C1CC2CCC1(C)OC2(C)C WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000500437 Plutella xylostella Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 201000004792 malaria Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000004998 Abdominal Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010000060 Abdominal distension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Citral Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CC=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000578422 Graphosoma lineatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061876 Obstruction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000320508 Pentatomidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000500439 Plutella Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000234299 Zingiberaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000019790 abdominal distention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000010138 bee pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- VRIVJOXICYMTAG-IYEMJOQQSA-L iron(ii) gluconate Chemical compound [Fe+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O VRIVJOXICYMTAG-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-YFHOEESVSA-N neral Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C/C=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-YFHOEESVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010039722 scoliosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2227/00—Animals characterised by species
- A01K2227/70—Invertebrates
- A01K2227/706—Insects, e.g. Drosophila melanogaster, medfly
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of biological control in traditional Chinese medicine production, in particular to a method for controlling lepidoptera pests of tsaoko amomum fruits by using natural enemies. According to the method for preventing and treating the lepidoptera pests of the tsaoko amomum fruit by utilizing the natural enemies, the harringtonia acuminata is put in twice every year by utilizing the natural enemies, the proper period of the first putting is from late 4 months to late 5 months, the proper period of the second putting is from late 6 months to late 7 months, and the release time of the harringtonia acuminata is ten o before the morning and five o after the evening on cloudy days or sunny days. The throwing density of the fleahopper harsii is 30-100 heads/mu, and the release method is a scattered release method. The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling lepidoptera pests of tsaoko fruits by utilizing natural enemies, which is ecological and safe and can reduce the lepidoptera pests of the tsaoko fruits to be below the economic prevention and control threshold of the tsaoko fruits according to the particularity of a tsaoko fruit planting area, the inevitable trend of the production and development of modern food, the most important pests of the tsaoko fruits and the like of organic and ecological food and the comprehensive consideration of the lepidoptera pests of the tsaoko fruits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological control in traditional Chinese medicine production, in particular to a method for controlling lepidoptera pests of tsaoko amomum fruits by using natural enemies.
Background
The Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemaire is a perennial herbaceous plant of Amomum of Zingiberaceae, grows in tropical and subtropical shade-damp sparse forest with elevation of 1100-1800 m, and is mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guizhou and the like. It is prepared from dry mature fruit, has effects of eliminating dampness, warming middle warmer, eliminating phlegm, and stopping malaria, and is mainly used for treating cold-dampness obstruction, abdominal pain, distention and fullness, emesis, malaria, and chills and fever. Meanwhile, the tsaoko belongs to medicinal and edible medicinal materials, is widely used as a flavoring raw material of food in folk, and the whole plant (the most common fruits) of the tsaoko contains aromatic substances such as 1, 8-cineole, trans-2-decaolefine aldehyde, citral-b and the like, and is usually used for extracting volatile essential oil as essence and spice.
In recent years, the Yunnan province relies on the advantages of warm and humid climate and altitude, develops the tsaoko fruit industry of ecological wealth people vigorously, and popularizes and plants the tsaoko fruit in valley areas of the State cities such as anger river, mountain keeping, lincang, red river and the like. According to statistics, the area of the planted amomum tsao-ko in the whole province is nearly 200 ten thousand mu by 2017, the annual output of the amomum tsao-ko is about 1.8 ten thousand tons, the annual output value is about 3.64 hundred million yuan, and the area and the yield of the amomum tsao-ko account for 90 percent of the planting area and the yield of the national amomum tsao-ko. However, with the increase of the planting years of the tsaoko cardamon and the continuous expansion of the planting area, the problem of insect damage to the tsaoko cardamon is highlighted day by day, particularly lepidoptera pests represented by gypsy moth, stem borer, scoliosis fusca and the like seriously affect the yield of the tsaoko cardamon, wherein the toxid moths are popular in Fugong county in Yunnan anger in 2019, nearly ten thousand mu of tsaoko cardamon is almost dead-produced and dead-harvested, and meanwhile, the tsaoko cardamon in other areas is damaged, so that the yield is reduced and the harvest is reduced to different degrees. On one hand, Yunnan tsaoko forest is mainly distributed in low-heat valley areas, mostly in the Yangjiang, lanuguan and Jinsha river basins, belongs to a natural ecological protection area, on the other hand, tsaoko is prepared by taking fruits as medicines and spices, fructification is mainly realized after bee pollination, meanwhile, a tsaoko planting area is generally a honey production area, if the pesticide is used for preventing and controlling the insect damage of the tsaoko forest, on one hand, the serious damage and pollution to the local ecological environment are caused, on the other hand, bees die in a large amount, so that the reduction of the production of the tsaoko is also caused, and the serious damage to the honey industry can also be caused.
The fruit of the plant is a lepidoptera stinkbug, is an important natural predatory enemy of agricultural and forestry crops, has wide feeding property, mainly predates larvae of lepidoptera, coleoptera and other pests, and particularly lepidoptera pests such as toxophila, prodigia, zona moths, stem borers and noctuids (including spodoptera frugiperda). China is mainly distributed in provinces and cities such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong and Hainan, and abroad is mainly distributed in Philippines, Burma, Malaysia, Srilanka, Thailand, India and the like. Yunnan is distributed in the areas of anger river, Dehong, Xishuangbanna and the like, and belongs to the biggest tsaoko producing area in China-the original species of Yunnan.
At present, domestic reports on artificial feeding, biological characteristics, indoor predation and the like of the lygus pratensis are made, but no natural enemy organisms, particularly research and reports on the aspect of preventing and controlling the pests of the tsaoko forest by the lygus pratensis are available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling lepidoptera pests of tsaoko fruits by utilizing natural enemies, which is ecological and safe and can reduce the lepidoptera pests of the tsaoko fruits to be below the economic prevention and control threshold of the tsaoko fruits according to the particularity of a tsaoko fruit planting area, the inevitable trend of the production and development of modern food, the most important pests of the tsaoko fruits and the like of organic and ecological food and the comprehensive consideration of the lepidoptera pests of the tsaoko fruits.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
1. in the last ten days of 4 months to the last ten days of 5 months, a five-point sampling method is adopted to investigate the lepidoptera pest density (mainly relating to larvae and egg masses) of the strawberries in the pre-release area.
2. Selecting artificially-bred 2-year nymphs of harris durum, loading the nymphs into paper cups in the number of 6-20 heads/cup according to pest density survey results, placing a small amount of soft paper boards in the paper cups to be beneficial to climbing and inhabiting, and punching holes in the covers to be beneficial to breathing after the covers are covered.
3. And (3) selecting cloudy days or sunny morning and evening, transporting the box containing the fleshy bugs to a tsaoko field, dispersing all points to release by taking mu as a unit, taking 5 cups per mu, uncovering the cup covers when releasing, and placing the paper cups in the tsaoko clusters in a semi-inverted mode (for preventing raining after releasing).
4. In the late 6 th and early 7 th months, the five-point sampling method is adopted again to investigate the lepidoptera pest density of the tsaoko forest in the area;
5. and (4) repeating the steps 2 and 3 to throw 2-year-old nymphs of the lygus pratensis according to the pest density survey result.
The invention solves the defects in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention aims to prevent and control the tsaoko pests by utilizing natural enemy insects for the first time, and is limited in the prevention and control of the tsaoko pests.
2. The predatory insect harlequin fleshy bugs released by the invention are local original species in Yunnan province of main producing areas, the provenance source is also Yunnan, and the possibility of damaging ecological environment due to biological invasion and the like does not exist.
3. The natural enemy predatory insect harlequin fleshy bugs released by the invention increase along with the increase of the density of the pests and also decrease along with the decrease of the density of the pests, so that the main pests of the tsaoko amomum fruits can be predated, the pests are controlled below the economic threshold value for preventing and controlling the tsaoko amomum fruits, the pests of the tsaoko amomum fruits cannot be completely killed, and the biological diversity of the tsaoko amomum fruit planting area is protected.
4. The predatory insect harris serissoides released by the method can be propagated in a tsaoko forest area all year round, a stable biosphere can be formed by generally putting the natural enemy insect harris serissoides in a large area for 2-3 years, the natural enemy insect harris serissoides can not be put when the insect is not popular in the later period, and the method has sustainability and low long-term prevention and control cost.
5. The method only comprises twice feeding in the whole year, only 5 release containers (capable of quickly decomposing paper cups) are fed in one time, the release containers are only required to be placed in the tsaoko field during feeding, and only 50-100 g of the release containers containing the fierce stinkbugs are suitable for transportation and operation of the tsaoko forest area with large gradient and without modern traffic, and the release method is simple and easy to learn and is completely suitable for the tsaoko farmers with low culture degree.
Detailed Description
Example 1
1. In late 4 months in 2019, the density of lepidoptera pest larvae and egg masses such as gypsy moth, Plutella fusca, Spodoptera frugiperda, and borer in 100 mu of Fugong county, Royal ferox, Yunnan province is investigated by a five-point investigation method.
2. In 2019, at the beginning of 5 months, 2-year nymphs of Addoes corium elegans are placed in paper cups according to the density of 18 heads/cup, a liner paperboard is placed in the paper cups, and holes are punched on the paper cups after the paper cups are covered to facilitate ventilation and breathing.
3. After packaging, transporting the paper cups to a field for pre-throwing the strawberries in the morning, putting 5 cups per mu in ten o' clock, scattering the paper cups in strawberries clusters, opening the cup covers when releasing, and slightly forming an oblique angle between the paper cups and the ground. After release, the density of the pests is investigated, the overall reduction rate of the density of the lepidoptera pests in 15 days is 88.1 percent, and compared with a blank control, the prevention and control rate reaches 68.5 percent.
4. In late 6 months in 2019, the density of lepidoptera pest larvae and egg masses such as plutella xylostella, phaeocaulon fuscata, spodoptera frugiperda, stem borer and the like is investigated by a five-point investigation method.
5. In 7 months in 2019, 2-year nymphs of Addoes corium elegans are placed in paper cups according to the density of 10 heads/cup, a liner paperboard is placed in the paper cups, and holes are punched on the paper cups after the paper cups are covered to facilitate ventilation and breathing.
6. After packaging, transporting the paper cups to a field for pre-throwing the strawberries in the morning, putting 5 cups per mu in ten o' clock, scattering the paper cups in strawberries clusters, opening the cup covers when releasing, and slightly forming an oblique angle between the paper cups and the ground. After the release, the density of the pests is investigated, the overall reduction rate of the density of the lepidoptera pests in 15 days is 90.2%, and compared with a blank control, the prevention and control rate reaches 76.7%.
Example 2
1. In late 4 months in 2019, a five-point survey method is adopted to investigate the density of lepidoptera pest larvae and egg masses such as 50 mu Caoguolin gypsy moth, brown crimson spiny moth, Spodoptera frugiperda, borer and the like in Lushui city of Rough river, Yunnan province.
2. In 2019, at the beginning of 5 months, 2-year nymphs of Addoes corium elegans are placed in paper cups according to the density of 15 heads/cup, a liner paperboard is placed in the paper cups, and holes are punched on the paper cups after the paper cups are covered to facilitate ventilation and breathing.
3. After packaging, transporting the paper cups to a field for pre-throwing the strawberries in the morning, putting 5 cups per mu in ten o' clock, scattering the paper cups in strawberries clusters, opening the cup covers when releasing, and slightly forming an oblique angle between the paper cups and the ground. After the release, the density of the pests is investigated, the overall reduction rate of the density of the lepidoptera pests in 15 days is 90.8%, and compared with a blank control, the prevention and control rate reaches 70.5%.
4. In late 6 months in 2019, the density of lepidoptera pest larvae and egg masses such as plutella xylostella, phaeocaulon fuscata, spodoptera frugiperda, stem borer and the like is investigated by a five-point investigation method.
5. In 2019, at the beginning of 7 months, 2-year nymphs of Addoes corium elegans are placed in paper cups according to the density of 6 heads/cup, a liner paperboard is placed in the paper cups, and holes are punched on the paper cups after the paper cups are covered to facilitate ventilation and breathing.
6. After packaging, transporting the paper cups to a field for pre-throwing the strawberries in the morning, putting 5 cups per mu in ten o' clock, scattering the paper cups in strawberries clusters, opening the cup covers when releasing, and slightly forming an oblique angle between the paper cups and the ground. After the release, the density of the pests is investigated, the overall reduction rate of the density of the lepidoptera pests in 15 days is 93.7%, and compared with a blank control, the prevention and control rate reaches 79.6%.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preventing and treating lepidoptera pests of tsaoko amomum fruits by utilizing natural enemies is characterized in that the natural enemies adopt harlequin bugs.
2. The method of controlling a lepidopteran pest of a tsaoko fruit using a natural enemy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the harlequin fleahopper used for control release was a 2-year-old nymph.
3. The method for controlling a lepidopteran pest of a tsaoko fruit using natural enemies as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps of putting the torpedo harris twice every year, wherein the proper period of putting the torpedo harris in the first time is from 4 to 5 in the last ten days of the month, and the proper period of putting the torpedo harris in the second time is from 6 to 7 in the last ten days of the month.
4. The method of controlling a lepidopteran pest of a tsaoko fruit using a natural enemy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the release time of the harris baccarum is ten o 'clock before the morning and five o' clock after the evening on cloudy days or sunny days.
5. The method of controlling a lepidopteran pest of a tsaoko fruit using a natural enemy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the delivery density of the fleahopper harsii is 30-100 heads/mu.
6. The method of controlling a lepidopteran pest of a tsaoko fruit using a natural enemy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the release method of the fleahopper harsii is a scattered point release method, and scattered points are randomly distributed in the field.
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| CN202111536927.3A CN114051871A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Method for preventing and treating lepidoptera pests of tsaoko amomum fruits by using natural enemies |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115152704A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-10-11 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | Natural enemy release method, application of natural enemy release method in pest control and corn field pest control method |
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| CN115152704A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-10-11 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | Natural enemy release method, application of natural enemy release method in pest control and corn field pest control method |
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