CN114050704A - Built-in permanent magnet variable voltage frequency converter based on magnetic field modulation principle and design method - Google Patents

Built-in permanent magnet variable voltage frequency converter based on magnetic field modulation principle and design method Download PDF

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CN114050704A
CN114050704A CN202111397762.6A CN202111397762A CN114050704A CN 114050704 A CN114050704 A CN 114050704A CN 202111397762 A CN202111397762 A CN 202111397762A CN 114050704 A CN114050704 A CN 114050704A
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stator winding
magnetic field
permanent magnet
inner stator
rotating
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CN114050704B (en
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王曙鸿
骆力州
寇可焓
段娜娜
张那明
张军
王锡凡
王秀丽
张寅捷
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K47/00—Dynamo-electric converters
    • H02K47/18—AC/AC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/04—Machines with one rotor and two stators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K47/00—Dynamo-electric converters
    • H02K47/18—AC/AC converters
    • H02K47/22—Single-armature frequency converters with or without phase-number conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a built-in permanent magnet variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle and a design method thereof, wherein the design method comprises the following steps: a rotary magnetic adjusting ring is additionally arranged between the inner stator core and the outer stator core, a built-in permanent magnet is arranged in the rotary magnetic adjusting ring, and a salient pole magnetic adjusting block is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring; the transformer and the design method can realize electric energy frequency conversion, and have the characteristics of high economy, high operation reliability and excellent performance.

Description

Built-in permanent magnet variable voltage frequency converter based on magnetic field modulation principle and design method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy and electric power engineering, and particularly relates to a built-in permanent magnet variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle and a design method thereof.
Background
The power grid is an important infrastructure related to national economy, and is an important platform for optimal configuration of power transmission carriers and energy resources. In recent years, particularly with the rapid development of clean energy and the popularization and application of power grid intelligent technology, a traditional power system rapidly presents new characteristics of high-proportion power electronics and high-proportion new energy power supply. Because the sequential energy and productivity of China are reversely distributed, and the energy production is far away from an electricity load center, in order to meet the ever-increasing electricity utilization requirement of the economic and social development, more urgent requirements are provided for strengthening the interconnection and flexible control of the power grid and improving the capability of the power grid for optimizing and configuring energy resources. The renewable energy power generating set is significantly different from a traditional synchronous generator and flexible alternating current and direct current power transmission and transformation and traditional power transmission and transformation, and needs the intervention of a frequency converter in the aspect of asynchronous interconnection among different frequency power grids, so that the dynamic behavior of a system is deeply changed, and the system stability (such as stable power angle, stable voltage and stable frequency) is significantly influenced.
At present, power grid frequency conversion is basically realized by using power electronic equipment, large-scale power electronic equipment is very expensive in manufacturing cost under the background of high-power application, a control circuit is required to be matched with a system for operation, and the system is complex and is easy to break down. The core technology is that a rotary transformer with three-phase windings is arranged on the sides of a stator and a rotor, and a direct current motor driving system ensures that an equivalent rotor magnetic field and a stator magnetic field are synchronous in a rotating space to adjust the phase difference of a rotor magnetic field and a stator magnetic field so as to change the direction and the size of active power transmitted by the variable frequency transformer. However, this device requires an additional dc motor to drive the rotor, and it is difficult to further improve the efficiency.
The high-power electromagnetic type electric energy conversion device has wide application space in China, but at present, the research on the aspect is less in China, a device with high economy, high operation reliability and excellent performance is not applied in the field of electric energy frequency conversion, and the technology is deeply researched and popularized and applied in due time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a built-in permanent magnet variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle and a design method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the design method of the built-in permanent magnet variable voltage frequency converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle comprises the following steps:
a rotary magnetic adjusting ring is additionally arranged between the inner stator core and the outer stator core, a built-in permanent magnet is arranged in the rotary magnetic adjusting ring, and a salient pole magnetic adjusting block is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring;
the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding with p pairs of poles is modulated into a rotating magnetic field with np pairs of poles by the rotating modulating magnetic ring, the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding corresponds to np pairs of poles of the outer stator winding, the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding and the modulated three-phase rotating magnetic field rotate at synchronous rotating speed, and the modulated rotating magnetic field induces n-frequency-doubled symmetrical three-phase alternating-current voltage in the outer stator winding.
The invention relates to a built-in permanent magnet variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle, which comprises an outer stator core, an outer stator winding, a rotary magnetic adjusting ring, an inner stator core and an inner stator winding, wherein the outer stator core is arranged on the outer stator winding;
the inner stator iron core, the rotary magnetic adjusting ring and the outer stator iron core are sequentially distributed from inside to outside, an inner stator winding is wound on the inner stator iron core, an outer stator winding is wound in the outer stator iron core, a salient pole magnetic adjusting block is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring, and a built-in permanent magnet is arranged in the rotary magnetic adjusting ring.
The number of the salient pole magnetic adjusting blocks is the sum of the number of pole pairs of the outer stator winding and the number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding.
The number of pole pairs of the built-in permanent magnet is the same as that of the inner stator winding.
Angular velocity ω of modulated three-phase rotating magnetic fieldwAngular velocity omega of rotary magnetic regulating ringsAnd the angular velocity omega of the rotating magnetic field generated by the inner stator windingnThe following relation is satisfied:
ωw＝ωn＝ωs。
the inner wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring is provided with a starting cage.
The outer stator winding is connected with a three-phase filter circuit.
The number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding is 2; the number of pole pairs of the outer stator winding is 6, the number of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks is 8, and the number of pole pairs of the built-in permanent magnet is 2.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a built-in permanent magnet variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle and a design method thereof, when in specific operation, a rotary magnetic modulation ring is additionally arranged between an inner stator iron core and an outer stator iron core, the rotary magnetic modulation ring is additionally arranged between the inner stator iron core and the outer stator iron core, a built-in permanent magnet is arranged in the rotary magnetic modulation ring, a salient pole magnetic modulation block is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary magnetic modulation ring, the rotary magnetomotive force generated by an inner stator winding with p opposite poles is modulated into a rotary magnetic field with np opposite poles by the rotary magnetic modulation ring, the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding and the modulated three-phase rotary magnetic field rotate at synchronous rotating speed, the modulated rotary magnetic field induces n-fold symmetric three-phase alternating current voltage in the outer stator winding to realize n-fold frequency conversion, and can completely separate from power electronic equipment to realize frequency and voltage conversion, the device only comprises parts such as an iron core, a winding, a permanent magnet and the like, and has the characteristics of high economy, high operation reliability and excellent performance. Finally, the invention can meet the requirements of frequency and voltage conversion in various application scenes, can meet the requirements of frequency conversion and energy conversion, simultaneously can give consideration to the characteristics, can not output reactive power to a power grid, and can not output harmonic waves to the power grid to pollute the power grid, thereby stably and reliably completing the task of frequency and voltage conversion.
Furthermore, the invention is provided with the starting cage, the self-starting of the rotary magnetic regulating ring can be realized by the aid of the starting cage, and then the synchronous speed is automatically transferred without the aid of a control circuit.
Further, a three-phase filter circuit is provided, which can filter out harmonic waves and reduce the waveform distortion rate of each phase voltage and line current, wherein the filter resistance is very small, and the reduction of the output voltage is hardly caused.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic design of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating operation of the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a graph of input and output voltage waveforms for an embodiment.
Wherein, 1 is an outer stator iron core, 2 is an outer stator winding, 3 is a salient pole magnetic adjusting block, 4 is a starting cage, 5 is an internal permanent magnet, 6 is an inner stator iron core, and 7 is an inner stator winding.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
There is shown in the drawings a schematic block diagram of a disclosed embodiment in accordance with the invention. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for designing a built-in permanent magnet voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle of the present invention includes the following steps:
in order to realize n times of frequency conversion, a rotary magnetic modulation ring is additionally arranged between an inner stator core 6 and an outer stator core 1, an internal permanent magnet 5 is arranged in the rotary magnetic modulation ring, and a salient pole magnetic modulation block 3 is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary magnetic modulation ring;
the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding 7 with p opposite poles is modulated into a rotating magnetic field with np opposite poles by the rotating modulating magnetic ring, the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding 7 corresponds to np opposite poles of the outer stator winding 2, the rotating magnetomotive force and the modulated three-phase rotating magnetic field rotate at synchronous rotating speed, and the modulated rotating magnetic field induces n-frequency-doubled symmetrical three-phase alternating-current voltage in the outer stator winding 2 and outputs the voltage.
When three-phase symmetrical current flows, the inner stator winding 7 generates rotating magnetomotive force, the number of pole pairs of the rotating magnetomotive force is related to the winding arrangement, and the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding 7 is distributed in space Fn(θ) is expressed as:
Figure BDA0003370630220000061
wherein i is the number of harmonics, FiAmplitude of the magnetomotive force being harmonic of corresponding order, pnIs the pole pair number, omega, of the inner stator winding 7nAngular velocity, theta, of the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding 70Is the angle of the initial position, theta is the spatial angle, and t is the time at that moment.
The distribution of the flux guide lambda (theta) of the rotary magnetic modulation ring in the space is represented as follows:
Figure BDA0003370630220000062
wherein j is the number of harmonics, Λ0Being a constant component in the flux-guide, ΛjThe amplitude of harmonic magnetomotive force with corresponding times, Z is the number of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks 3, omegasIn order to rotate the angular velocity of the magnetic modulation ring, theta is a space angle, and t is time at the moment.
The modulated magnetic flux is FnThe product of (θ) and Λ (θ); modulated rotating magnetic field pole pair number pw(i.e., the number of pole pairs of the outer stator winding 2), the number of pole pairs p of the rotary magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding 7nAnd the number Z of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks 3 satisfies the following relational expression:
pw+pn＝np+p＝(n+1)p＝Z
angular velocity ω of modulated three-phase rotating magnetic fieldw(i.e., the angular velocity of the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the induced current in the outer stator winding 2), the angular velocity ω of the rotating modulating ringsAnd the angular velocity omega of the rotating magnetic field generated by the inner stator winding 7nThe following relation is satisfied:
Figure BDA0003370630220000063
in order to realize the purpose, the number Z of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks 3 is (n +1) p, and the angular velocity omega of the rotary magnet adjusting ringsThe following relation is satisfied:
Figure BDA0003370630220000071
namely, it is
ωw＝ωn＝ωs
Further, in order to ensure that the angular speed of the rotary magnet adjusting ring meets the relation, p pairs of internal permanent magnets 5 are added on the rotary magnet adjusting ring, the number of pole pairs of the internal permanent magnets 5 is the same as that of the internal stator winding 7, and the rotary magnet adjusting ring keeps synchronous rotating speed in stable operation.
P pairs of surface-mounted permanent magnets 5 with the same pole number as that of the inner stator winding 7 are added on the rotary magnetic regulating ring, and the rotary magnetic regulating ring keeps synchronous rotating speed in stable operation.
Example one
Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment exemplifies 3 times frequency conversion, and the internal permanent magnet voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle includes an outer stator core 1, an outer stator winding 2, a rotation modulation magnetic ring, an inner stator core 6 and an inner stator winding 7;
the inner stator iron core 6, the rotary magnetic adjusting ring and the outer stator iron core 1 are sequentially distributed from inside to outside, an inner stator winding 7 is wound on the inner stator iron core 6, an outer stator winding 2 is wound in the outer stator iron core 1, a salient pole magnetic adjusting block 3 is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring, a built-in permanent magnet 5 is arranged in the rotary magnetic adjusting ring, and a starting cage 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring;
in the embodiment, the inner stator winding 7 is an input end, and the number of pole pairs is 2; the outer stator winding 2 is the output end, and the number of pole pairs is 6. The number of pole pairs satisfies 3 times, the number of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks 3 is 8, the number of the pole pairs of the built-in permanent magnet 5 is 2, the number of the pole pairs is the same as that of the pole pairs of the inner stator winding 7, the number relation of all parts satisfies the design principle, and the angular speed omega of the modulated three-phase rotating magnetic fieldwAngular velocity omega of rotary magnetic regulating ringsAnd the angular velocity omega of the rotating magnetic field generated by the inner stator winding 7nThe following relation is satisfied:
Figure BDA0003370630220000081
namely, it is
ωw＝ωn＝ωs
The embodiment can realize the conversion of the output end voltage frequency into the input end voltage frequency by 3 times, and the conversion of the voltage amplitude can be realized by changing the winding turns. Due to the fact that the starting cage 4 is installed, asynchronous self-starting can be achieved, then synchronous speed rotation is achieved, participation of any control circuit is not needed in the process from starting to stable operation, the device is simple in structure, high in stability and reliability in the operation process, and the device can adapt to severe working environments.
Fig. 3 is a circuit for operating the voltage converter. In the circuit, the voltage converter comprises an input end A, B, C three-phase winding and an output end A, B, C three-phase winding, and the three-phase windings of the input end and the output end are connected in a star shape. The three-phase winding of the input end is respectively connected with A, B, C three-phase alternating current voltage sources, and the common point of the three-phase alternating current voltage sources is grounded; the three-phase winding of the output end is connected with a filter resistor and then connected with a three-phase load resistor, a filter is connected in parallel on the load resistor, and the load resistor is connected to a common point of the ground.
The frequency of the three-phase alternating voltage source can be converted into n times by the voltage converter and then output to the load from the output end, for the first embodiment, the conversion of 3 times can be realized, the times of the frequency conversion can be changed by changing the number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding 7, the number of pole pairs of the outer stator winding 2 and the number of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks 3, and simultaneously the number of pole pairs of the built-in permanent magnet 5 is changed, so that synchronous rotation is realized.
The waveform distortion rate of the existing line voltage is small, but the phase voltage has certain waveform distortion, and the function of filtering phase voltage harmonic waves can be realized by matching a filter and a filter resistor in a circuit. The resistance of the selective filter resistor is far larger than the impedance of the filter branch circuit and far smaller than the resistance of the load resistor, so that the filtering effect is ensured and the amplitude of the output voltage is not reduced.
Fig. 4 shows input and output voltage waveforms of the voltage converter, which are topological structures of the input and output voltage waveforms of the voltage converter shown in fig. 2, as can be seen from fig. 4, the voltage frequency of the output line is 3 times of the input line voltage frequency, and the voltage converter realizes the function of 3 times frequency conversion and can change the amplitude of the voltage.
Finally, the invention adopts the rotary magnetic modulating ring to modulate the magnetic field, thereby realizing the function of frequency conversion, and the built-in permanent magnet 5 is arranged on the rotary magnetic modulating ring, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the rotary magnetic modulating ring. The frequency and voltage conversion can be realized without power electronic equipment, and the device only comprises components such as an iron core, a winding, a permanent magnet and the like, and has good economical efficiency. According to different frequency conversion and voltage conversion requirements, corresponding functions can be realized by changing the number of pole pairs and the number of turns of the inner stator winding 7, the number of pole pairs and the number of turns of the outer stator winding 2 and the number of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks 3, the self-starting function is realized, the participation of a control circuit is not needed, the system structure is simpler, the output power factor is high, the waveform distortion rate of output voltage and current is small, the pollution to a power grid cannot be caused, the working reliability is high, the operation is stable, and the power grid synchronous rectification control system can adapt to a severe working environment.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and after reading the present application, those skilled in the art will make various modifications or alterations of the present invention with reference to the above embodiments within the scope of the claims of the present patent application.

Claims (8)

1. A design method of a built-in permanent magnet variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a rotary magnetic adjusting ring is additionally arranged between the inner stator core (6) and the outer stator core (1), a built-in permanent magnet (5) is arranged in the rotary magnetic adjusting ring, and a salient pole magnetic adjusting block (3) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring;
the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding (7) with p pairs of poles is modulated into a rotating magnetic field with np pairs of poles by the rotating modulating magnetic ring, the rotating magnetomotive force corresponds to np pairs of poles of the outer stator winding (2), the rotating magnetomotive force generated by the inner stator winding (7) and the modulated three-phase rotating magnetic field rotate at synchronous rotating speed, and the modulated rotating magnetic field induces n-fold-frequency symmetrical three-phase alternating-current voltage in the outer stator winding (2).
2. A built-in permanent magnet variable voltage frequency converter based on a magnetic field modulation principle is characterized by comprising an outer stator iron core (1), an outer stator winding (2), a rotary modulation magnetic ring, an inner stator iron core (6) and an inner stator winding (7);
the inner stator iron core (6), the rotary magnetic adjusting ring and the outer stator iron core (1) are sequentially distributed from inside to outside, an inner stator winding (7) is wound on the inner stator iron core (6), an outer stator winding (2) is wound in the outer stator iron core (1), a salient pole magnetic adjusting block (3) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotary magnetic adjusting ring, and a built-in permanent magnet (5) is arranged in the rotary magnetic adjusting ring.
3. The interior permanent magnet voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number of the salient pole magnet adjusting blocks (3) is the sum of the number of pole pairs of the outer stator winding (2) and the number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding (7).
4. The interior permanent magnet voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle according to claim 2, wherein the number of pole pairs of the interior permanent magnet (5) is the same as the number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding (7).
5. The interior permanent magnet voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the angular velocity ω of the modulated three-phase rotating magnetic fieldwAngular velocity omega of rotary magnetic regulating ringsAnd the angular velocity omega of the rotating magnetic field generated by the inner stator winding (7)nThe following relation is satisfied:
ωw＝ωn＝ωs。
6. the interior permanent magnet voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inner wall of the rotating modulating ring is provided with a start cage (4).
7. The interior permanent magnet voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer stator winding (2) is connected with a three-phase filter circuit.
8. The interior permanent magnet voltage converter based on the magnetic field modulation principle according to claim 2, wherein the number of pole pairs of the inner stator winding (7) is 2; the number of pole pairs of the outer stator winding (2) is 6, the number of the salient pole magnetic adjusting blocks (3) is 8, and the number of pole pairs of the built-in permanent magnet (5) is 2.
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