CN114045228A - Microbial water quality regulator and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Microbial water quality regulator and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114045228A CN114045228A CN202111136718.XA CN202111136718A CN114045228A CN 114045228 A CN114045228 A CN 114045228A CN 202111136718 A CN202111136718 A CN 202111136718A CN 114045228 A CN114045228 A CN 114045228A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 241000190950 Rhodopseudomonas palustris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 241001453382 Nitrosomonadales Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000235646 Cyberlindnera jadinii Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000194031 Enterococcus faecium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000199866 Lactobacillus casei Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013958 Lactobacillus casei Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000186840 Lactobacillus fermentum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940017800 lactobacillus casei Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940012969 lactobacillus fermentum Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020183 skimmed milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 41
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 18
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 14
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 6
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108700029181 Bacteria lipase activator Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CNFDGXZLMLFIJV-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Mn+2] CNFDGXZLMLFIJV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RWVGQQGBQSJDQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-[[4-[(e)-[4-(4-ethoxyanilino)phenyl]-[4-[ethyl-[(3-sulfonatophenyl)methyl]azaniumylidene]-2-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]methyl]-n-ethyl-3-methylanilino]methyl]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(OCC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C(=C2C(=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C)C=2C(=CC(=CC=2)N(CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C)C=C1 RWVGQQGBQSJDQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000009108 Chlorella vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007089 Chlorella vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003938 response to stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
- C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/341—Consortia of bacteria
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/04—Preserving or maintaining viable microorganisms
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/18—Baker's yeast; Brewer's yeast
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a microbial water quality regulator and a preparation method and application thereof. The microbial water quality regulator comprises a water-fertilizing period probiotic, a growing period probiotic and a later-stage culture probiotic; the probiotic agent in the water-fertilizing period comprises, by mass, 10-40% of lactic acid bacteria, 10-50% of chlorella and 10-50% of yeast; the probiotic preparation in the growth period comprises, by mass, 10-40% of lactic acid bacteria, 10-40% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 10-40% of saccharomycetes and 10-40% of bacillus subtilis; the probiotic agent at the later stage of cultivation comprises, by mass, 10-40% of lactic acid bacteria, 10-40% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 10-40% of bacillus subtilis and 10-40% of nitrobacteria. The probiotics preparation is suitable for the early stage, the middle stage and the later stage of aquaculture respectively by adjusting different types of the probiotics. Corresponding probiotics are added in different aquaculture periods, water body requirements in different aquaculture periods are guaranteed respectively, high-quality living environments are provided for aquatic animals, and product quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a microbial water quality regulator and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The whole process of aquaculture production can not leave water, and the quality of the survival medium of water directly determines whether the aquaculture can be profitable. The good water body comprises four keywords of fat, alive, tender and cool. "fertilizer" means that the quantity of phytoplankton and animal in the water is enough to provide natural bait for young cultured animals; the living is that the ecological system in the water body is complete, three roles of producers, consumers and decomposers normally play roles, plants such as algae in the water body can normally carry out photosynthesis, and the ecological system is normal; tender refers to that the phytoplankton and the fungi in the water body are in a growth period, the cell state is good, and the aging degree is low; "clear" means that the water is not turbid and the suspended matter and other impurities are less. The good water body can promote the aquatic animals to fully absorb and convert the feed, improve the quality safety of the aquatic products and increase the aquaculture benefit. Therefore, the water quality regulation has important function and significance.
The water quality regulator mainly comprises a chemical preparation and a microbial preparation. Chemical agents are mainly chemical or inorganic raw materials, pollutants such as nitrite and the like in a water body are removed by the chemical agents through chemical or physical reactions, the using effect is not continuous, an ecological organic circulation system is difficult to form, various chemicals are added into the water body, a moment effect can be seen possibly from indexes, but the violent chemical and physical reactions can also generate unpredictable stress response on aquatic animals inevitably, the scientific production of aquaculture is not facilitated, and compared with a microbial water quality regulator, the ecological system can be better established, the high-efficiency prevention and the high-yield can be realized, and the situations of various water quality deterioration can be effectively prevented, so that the stable production and the high yield are realized. However, different microorganisms are mutually influenced and restricted, the microorganisms are also easily influenced by water temperature and pH, and the existing microorganism water quality regulator on the market has the problems of poor effect and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a water quality regulator of microorganisms, a preparation method and applications thereof. The microbial water quality regulator comprises three probiotics, and is respectively suitable for the water-fertilizing period, the growing period and the later period of aquaculture by adjusting different types of the probiotics. Corresponding probiotics are added in different aquaculture periods, and the water body requirements in different aquaculture periods are respectively ensured. Simultaneously, the probiotic bacteria act on the mutual synergistic effect of different types of probiotics in the same aquaculture period, the water quality of aquaculture water is adjusted, the survival rate of aquatic animals is improved, and the aquaculture benefit is increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a microbial water quality regulator, which comprises a water-fertilizing phase probiotic, a growing phase probiotic and a later-stage culture probiotic; the probiotic agent in the water-fertilizing period comprises, by mass, 10-40% of lactic acid bacteria, 10-50% of chlorella and 10-50% of yeast; the probiotic preparation in the growth period comprises, by mass, 10-40% of lactic acid bacteria, 10-40% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 10-40% of saccharomycetes and 10-40% of bacillus subtilis; the probiotic agent at the later stage of cultivation comprises, by mass, 10-40% of lactic acid bacteria, 10-40% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 10-40% of bacillus subtilis and 10-40% of nitrobacteria.
Preferably, the probiotics in the water fertilizing period comprise 30% of lactic acid bacteria, 40% of chlorella and 30% of yeast in percentage by mass; the probiotic preparation in the growth period comprises 20% of lactic acid bacteria, 20% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 30% of yeast and 30% of bacillus subtilis by mass percentage; the probiotic agent at the later stage of cultivation comprises 20% of lactic acid bacteria, 30% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 30% of bacillus subtilis and 20% of nitrifying bacteria agent in percentage by mass.
Further, the lactic acid bacteria include lactobacillus fermentum, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei, and streptococcus faecium.
Further, the yeast comprises saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis.
Further, the nitrifying bacteria include ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria.
Further, the lactobacillus comprises 50-70% of lactobacillus fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the rhodopseudomonas palustris is composed of 50-70% of rhodopseudomonas palustris fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the chlorella is composed of 50-70% of chlorella fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the yeast comprises 50-70% of yeast fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the bacillus subtilis consists of 50-70% of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the nitrifying bacteria comprise 50-70% of nitrifying bacteria fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass.
Further, the freeze-drying protective agent comprises 50-80% of skimmed milk powder, 2-20% of lactose and 10-30% of glycerol by mass percentage.
Preferably, the lyoprotectant consists of 75% of skimmed milk powder, 5% of lactose and 20% of glycerol in percentage by mass.
Further, the preparation method of the lactobacillus fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
a1: culturing lactobacillus fermentum, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei and streptococcus faecium in a slant solid culture medium at 28-30 ℃ for 36 hours to obtain a primary pure culture, then inoculating the primary pure culture into a 500mL triangular flask filled with a liquid culture medium to perform liquid oscillation culture for 24 hours to obtain a secondary pure culture, and finally inoculating the secondary pure culture into a 1.8L mechanical stirring fermentation tank to culture for 24 hours to obtain lactobacillus fermentation liquor, wherein the bacterial count of the lactobacillus fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 7log CFU/g; wherein the liquid culture medium is a wort culture medium, and the solid culture medium is a wort culture medium added with agar;
further, the culture method of the rhodopseudomonas palustris fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
b1: preparing a culture medium: weighing 3.5g of sodium acetate, 1.0g of ammonia chloride, 1.2g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1g of magnesium chloride, 0.1g of calcium chloride, 0.4g of yeast extract and 0.8g of peptone, and fixing the volume to 1 liter by using distilled water; adjusting pH to 7.0, and autoclaving at 121 deg.C for 20 min;
b2: culturing rhodopseudomonas palustris in a test tube filled with a prepared culture medium for 96-144 hours at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ under illumination to obtain a first-level pure culture, then placing the first-level pure culture in a 500mL triangular flask for constant-temperature shaking culture for 60-72 hours to obtain a second-level pure culture, and finally inoculating the second-level pure culture into a 1.8L plastic bottle for static culture at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ under illumination to obtain rhodopseudomonas palustris fermentation liquor, wherein the bacterial count is more than or equal to 7 logCFU/g.
Further, the culture method of the chlorella fermentation liquid comprises the following steps:
c1: preparing a culture medium: weighing 0.16g of sodium nitrate, 0.02g of monopotassium phosphate, 0.05g of magnesium sulfate, 0.04g of urea, 0.02g of calcium chloride, 0.02g of sodium bicarbonate, 1.00g of sodium chloride, 4.00mg of ferroferric citrate, 0.08mg of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 2.86mg of boric acid, 1.81mg of manganese chloride tetrahydrate and 0.21mg of sodium molybdate dihydrate; using seawater to fix the volume to 1 liter; adjusting pH to 7.0, and autoclaving at 121 deg.C for 20 min;
c2: culturing chlorella in a test tube filled with a culture medium at 23-24 ℃ for 96-144 hours by illumination to obtain a primary pure culture, then performing constant-temperature shaking culture in a 500mL triangular flask for 60-72 hours to obtain a secondary pure culture, then inoculating the secondary pure culture into a 1.8L plastic bottle, and performing illumination static culture at 23-24 ℃ to obtain chlorella fermentation liquor, wherein the algae number is more than or equal to 7 logCFU/g.
Further, the culture method of the yeast fermentation liquid comprises the following steps:
d1: preparing a liquid culture medium: weighing 5g of yeast extract, 10g of peptone and 20g of glucose, fixing the volume to 1L by using distilled water, adjusting the pH value to 6.4, and carrying out autoclaving at 118 ℃ for 20 minutes; preparing a solid culture medium: adding 10g of agar on the basis of a liquid culture medium;
d2: the method comprises the steps of conducting slant solid culture on saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ to obtain a first-level pure culture, then inoculating the first-level pure culture into a 500mL triangular flask filled with a liquid culture medium to conduct constant-temperature shaking culture to obtain a second-level pure culture, and finally inoculating the second-level pure culture into a 1.8L mechanical stirring fermentation tank to conduct culture for 24 hours to obtain saccharomycete fermentation liquor, wherein the bacterial count of the saccharomycete fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 8 logCFU/g.
Further, the culture method of the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
e1: preparing a culture medium: weighing 10.0g of peptone, 5.0g of yeast extract, 10.0g of sodium chloride and 10.0g of glucose, fixing the volume to 1 liter by using distilled water, adjusting the pH value to 7.0, and carrying out damp-heat high-pressure sterilization at 118 ℃ for 18 minutes; preparing a solid culture medium: adding 10g of agar on the basis of a liquid culture medium;
e2: the method comprises the steps of performing slant solid culture on bacillus subtilis at 28-30 ℃ to obtain a first-level pure culture, then inoculating the first-level pure culture into a 500mL triangular flask filled with a liquid culture medium to perform constant-temperature shaking culture to obtain a second-level pure culture, and finally inoculating the second-level pure culture into a 1.8L mechanical stirring fermentation tank to perform culture for 24 hours to obtain bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, wherein the bacterial count of the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 8 logCFU/g.
Further, the culture method of the nitrifying bacteria fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
f1: preparing an ammonia oxidizing bacteria culture medium: weighing 0.5g of ammonium sulfate, 0.3g of sodium chloride, 0.03g of ferrous sulfate, 1.0g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05g of magnesium sulfate, 7.5g of calcium chloride and distilled water to a constant volume of 1 liter; adjusting pH to 7.0, and autoclaving at 121 deg.C for 20 min;
f2: preparing a nitrous acid oxidizing bacteria culture medium: weighing 1.0g of sodium nitrite, 0.03g of magnesium sulfate, 0.01g of manganese sulfate, 0.75g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1.0g of sodium carbonate, 0.25g of disodium hydrogen phosphate and distilled water to a constant volume of 1 liter; adjusting pH to 7.0, and autoclaving at 121 deg.C for 20 min;
f3: respectively carrying out constant-temperature shaking culture for 144 hours at the temperature of 28 ℃ and under the condition of 160 r/min to respectively obtain ammonia oxidizing bacteria fermentation liquor and nitrite oxidizing bacteria fermentation liquor, and mixing the ammonia oxidizing bacteria fermentation liquor and the nitrite oxidizing bacteria fermentation liquor to obtain the nitrobacteria fermentation liquor with the total bacteria number of more than or equal to 8 logCFU/g.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a microbial water quality regulator, which comprises the steps of mixing lactic acid bacteria, chlorella and saccharomycetes in proportion to obtain a probiotic agent in a water-rich period; mixing lactobacillus, rhodopseudomonas palustris, saccharomycetes and bacillus subtilis according to a proportion to obtain a probiotic agent in a growth period; and mixing the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis and the nitrobacteria according to the proportion to obtain the probiotic agent in the later period of cultivation.
In the process of aquaculture, probiotics in a water-rich period are used in the early stage of aquaculture, probiotics in a growing period are used in the middle stage of aquaculture, and probiotics in the later stage of aquaculture are used.
Furthermore, the probiotics in the water-fertilizing period, the probiotics in the growing period and the probiotics in the later period of cultivation are added into water containing 0.2-2% of salt and 2-10% of brown sugar in percentage by mass for activation for 2-6 hours before use.
Preferably, the probiotics in the water-fertilizing period, the probiotics in the growing period and the probiotics in the later cultivation period are added into water containing 1% of salt and 4% of brown sugar in percentage by mass and activated for 4 hours before use.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the microbial water quality regulator comprehensively uses various probiotics (algae), improves culture media and growth conditions of lactic acid bacteria, rhodopseudomonas palustris, chlorella vulgaris, saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis and nitrobacteria, formulates different culture and proliferation schemes, can enable each type of microorganism to be used after being put into a higher concentration, improves the titer, and ensures the quality and the benefit.
The microbial water quality regulator comprises three probiotics, and is suitable for the early stage, the middle stage and the later stage of aquaculture respectively by adjusting different types of the probiotics. Corresponding probiotics are added in different aquaculture periods, water body requirements in different aquaculture periods are guaranteed respectively, high-quality living environments are provided for aquatic animals, and product quality is improved. Simultaneously, the probiotic bacteria act on the mutual synergistic action among different types of probiotics in the same aquaculture period to adjust the water quality of the aquaculture water body, establish a good ecological system in the aquaculture water body, improve the survival rate of aquatic animals and increase the aquaculture benefit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A microbial water quality regulator comprises a water-fertilizing period probiotic agent, a growing period probiotic agent and a later-stage culture probiotic agent; the probiotics in the water fertilizing period comprise 30% of lactic acid bacteria, 40% of chlorella and 30% of yeast in percentage by mass; the probiotic preparation in the growth period comprises 20% of lactic acid bacteria, 20% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 30% of yeast and 30% of bacillus subtilis by mass percentage; the probiotics in the later culture period comprise 20% of lactic acid bacteria, 30% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 30% of bacillus subtilis and 20% of nitrobacteria in percentage by mass.
The lactobacillus consists of 60% of lactobacillus fermentation liquor, 20% of shell powder and 20% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the rhodopseudomonas palustris is composed of 60% of rhodopseudomonas palustris fermentation liquor, 20% of shell powder and 20% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the chlorella is composed of 60% of chlorella fermentation liquor, 20% of shell powder and 20% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the yeast consists of 60% of yeast fermentation liquor, 20% of shell powder and 20% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the bacillus subtilis consists of 60% of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 20% of shell powder and 20% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the nitrobacteria comprise 60% of nitrobacteria fermentation liquor, 20% of shell powder and 20% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass.
The freeze-drying protective agent consists of 75% of skimmed milk powder, 5% of lactose and 20% of glycerol in percentage by mass.
The preparation method of the lactobacillus fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
a1: culturing lactobacillus fermentum, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei and streptococcus faecium in a slant solid culture medium at 28-30 ℃ for 36 hours to obtain a primary pure culture, then inoculating the primary pure culture into a 500mL triangular flask liquid culture medium to perform liquid oscillation culture for 24 hours to obtain a secondary pure culture, and finally inoculating the secondary pure culture into a 1.8L mechanical stirring fermentation tank to perform culture for 24 hours to obtain lactobacillus fermentation liquor, wherein the bacterial count of the lactobacillus fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 7 logCFU/g; wherein the liquid culture medium is wort culture medium, and the solid culture medium is wort culture medium plus agar.
The culture method of the rhodopseudomonas palustris fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
b1: preparing a culture medium: weighing 3.5g of sodium acetate, 1.0g of ammonia chloride, 1.2g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1g of magnesium chloride, 0.1g of calcium chloride, 0.4g of yeast extract and 0.8g of peptone, and fixing the volume to 1 liter by using distilled water; adjusting pH to 7.0, and autoclaving at 121 deg.C for 20 min;
b2: culturing rhodopseudomonas palustris in a test tube filled with a prepared culture medium for 96-144 hours at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ under illumination to obtain a first-level pure culture, then placing the first-level pure culture in a 500mL triangular flask for constant-temperature shaking culture for 60-72 hours to obtain a second-level pure culture, and finally inoculating the second-level pure culture into a 1.8L plastic bottle for static culture at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ under illumination to obtain rhodopseudomonas palustris fermentation liquor, wherein the bacterial count is more than or equal to 7 logCFU/g.
The culture method of the chlorella fermentation liquid comprises the following steps:
c1: preparing a culture medium: weighing 0.16g of sodium nitrate, 0.02g of monopotassium phosphate, 0.05g of magnesium sulfate, 0.04g of urea, 0.02g of calcium chloride, 0.02g of sodium bicarbonate, 1.00g of sodium chloride, 4.00mg of ferroferric citrate, 0.08mg of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 2.86mg of boric acid, 1.81mg of manganese chloride tetrahydrate and 0.21mg of sodium molybdate dihydrate; using seawater to fix the volume to 1 liter; adjusting pH to 7.0, and autoclaving at 121 deg.C for 20 min;
c2: culturing chlorella in a test tube filled with a culture medium at 23-24 ℃ for 96-144 hours by illumination to obtain a primary pure culture, then performing constant-temperature shaking culture in a 500mL triangular flask for 60-72 hours to obtain a secondary pure culture, then inoculating the secondary pure culture into a 1.8L plastic bottle, and performing illumination static culture at 23-24 ℃ to obtain chlorella fermentation liquor, wherein the algae number is more than or equal to 7 logCFU/g.
The culture method of the yeast fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
d1: preparing a liquid culture medium: weighing 5g of yeast extract, 10g of peptone and 20g of glucose, fixing the volume to 1L by using distilled water, adjusting the pH value to 6.4, and carrying out autoclaving at 118 ℃ for 20 minutes; preparing a solid culture medium: adding 10g of agar on the basis of a liquid culture medium;
d2: the method comprises the steps of conducting slant solid culture on saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ to obtain a first-level pure culture, then inoculating the first-level pure culture into a 500mL triangular flask filled with a liquid culture medium to conduct constant-temperature shaking culture to obtain a second-level pure culture, and finally inoculating the second-level pure culture into a 1.8L mechanical stirring fermentation tank to conduct culture for 24 hours to obtain saccharomycete fermentation liquor, wherein the bacterial count of the saccharomycete fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 8 logCFU/g.
The culture method of the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
e1: preparing a culture medium: weighing 10.0g of peptone, 5.0g of yeast extract, 10.0g of sodium chloride and 10.0g of glucose, fixing the volume to 1 liter by using distilled water, adjusting the pH value to 7.0, and carrying out damp-heat high-pressure sterilization at 118 ℃ for 18 minutes; preparing a solid culture medium: adding 10g of agar on the basis of a liquid culture medium;
e2: the method comprises the steps of performing slant solid culture on bacillus subtilis at 28-30 ℃ to obtain a first-level pure culture, then inoculating the first-level pure culture into a 500mL triangular flask filled with a liquid culture medium to perform constant-temperature shaking culture to obtain a second-level pure culture, and finally inoculating the second-level pure culture into a 1.8L mechanical stirring fermentation tank to perform culture for 24 hours to obtain bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, wherein the bacterial count of the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 8 logCFU/g.
The culture method of the nitrobacteria fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
f1: preparing an ammonia oxidizing bacteria culture medium: weighing 0.5g of ammonium sulfate, 0.3g of sodium chloride, 0.03g of ferrous sulfate, 1.0g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05g of magnesium sulfate, 7.5g of calcium chloride and distilled water to a constant volume of 1 liter; adjusting pH to 7.0, and autoclaving at 121 deg.C for 20 min;
f2: preparing a nitrous acid oxidizing bacteria culture medium: weighing 1.0g of sodium nitrite, 0.03g of magnesium sulfate, 0.01g of manganese sulfate, 0.75g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1.0g of sodium carbonate and 0.25g of disodium hydrogen phosphate, and adding distilled water to a constant volume of 1 liter; adjusting pH to 7.0, and autoclaving at 121 deg.C for 20 min;
f3: respectively carrying out constant-temperature shaking culture for 144 hours at the temperature of 28 ℃ and under the condition of 160 r/min to respectively obtain ammonia oxidizing bacteria fermentation liquor and nitrite oxidizing bacteria fermentation liquor, and mixing the ammonia oxidizing bacteria fermentation liquor and the nitrite oxidizing bacteria fermentation liquor to obtain the nitrobacteria fermentation liquor with the total bacteria number of more than or equal to 8 logCFU/g.
Example 2
A microbial water quality regulator comprises a water-fertilizing period probiotic agent, a growing period probiotic agent and a later-stage culture probiotic agent; the probiotic agent in the water-rich period comprises 20% of lactic acid bacteria, 40% of chlorella and 40% of yeast in percentage by mass; the probiotic preparation in the growth period comprises 30% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 25% of yeast and 35% of bacillus subtilis by mass percentage; the probiotics in the later culture period comprise 20% of lactic acid bacteria, 26% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 31% of bacillus subtilis and 23% of nitrobacteria in percentage by mass.
The preparation method of lactic acid bacteria, chlorella, yeast, rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis and nitrobacteria is the same as that in example 1.
Example 3
A microbial water quality regulator comprises a water-fertilizing period probiotic agent, a growing period probiotic agent and a later-stage culture probiotic agent; the probiotics in the water fertilizing period comprise 18% of lactic acid bacteria, 46% of chlorella and 36% of yeast in percentage by mass; the probiotic preparation in the growth phase comprises 28% of lactic acid bacteria, 12% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 24% of yeast and 36% of bacillus subtilis by mass percentage; the probiotics in the later culture period comprise 21% of lactic acid bacteria, 25% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 32% of bacillus subtilis and 22% of nitrobacteria in percentage by mass.
The preparation method of lactic acid bacteria, chlorella, yeast, rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis and nitrobacteria is the same as that in example 1.
Comparative example 1
A commercial microecological preparation for aquaculture comprises Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis.
Comparative example 2
A microbial water quality regulator comprises a water-fertilizing period probiotic agent, a growing period probiotic agent and a later-stage culture probiotic agent; the probiotics in the water fertilizing period comprise 35% of lactic acid bacteria and 65% of yeast in percentage by mass; the probiotic preparation in the growth phase comprises 28% of lactic acid bacteria, 12% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 24% of yeast and 36% of bacillus subtilis by mass percentage; the probiotics in the later culture period comprise 30% of lactic acid bacteria, 30% of rhodopseudomonas palustris and 40% of bacillus subtilis in percentage by mass.
The preparation method of lactic acid bacteria, yeast, rhodopseudomonas palustris and bacillus subtilis is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 3
A microbial water quality regulator comprises a water-fertilizing period probiotic agent, a growing period probiotic agent and a later-stage culture probiotic agent; the probiotics in the water fertilizing period comprise 30% of lactic acid bacteria, 10% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 25% of yeast and 35% of bacillus subtilis in percentage by mass; the probiotic preparation in the growth period comprises 20% of lactic acid bacteria, 40% of chlorella and 40% of yeast in percentage by mass; the probiotics in the later culture period comprise 20% of lactic acid bacteria, 26% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 31% of bacillus subtilis and 23% of nitrobacteria in percentage by mass.
The preparation method of lactic acid bacteria, yeast, rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis, chlorella and nitrobacteria is the same as that in example 1.
Comparative example 4
A microbial water quality regulator comprises a water-fertilizing period probiotic agent, a growing period probiotic agent and a later-stage culture probiotic agent; the probiotic agent in the water fertilizing period comprises 21% of lactic acid bacteria, 25% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 32% of bacillus subtilis and 22% of nitrobacteria in percentage by mass; the probiotic preparation in the growth period comprises 18% of lactic acid bacteria, 46% of chlorella and 36% of yeast in percentage by mass; the probiotics in the later culture period comprise 28% of lactic acid bacteria, 12% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 24% of yeast and 36% of bacillus subtilis in percentage by mass.
The preparation method of lactic acid bacteria, yeast, rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis, chlorella and nitrobacteria is the same as that in example 1.
Detecting data
Selecting 43 ponds of 2 mu, dividing the ponds into 7 groups of culture comparison test groups, setting 6 parallel tests in each group of culture tests, and setting a group of blank control groups, wherein the blank control groups are not added with the microorganism water quality regulator in the whole process. The microorganism water quality regulators of the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-4 are respectively added in the culture process of 7 groups of culture comparison test groups, wherein the water-fertilizing phase probiotics, the growing phase probiotics and the later culture phase probiotics are respectively added in the early stage, the middle stage and the later stage of culture, the comparative example 1 is a commercial product, the culture period is not distinguished, and therefore the same microorganism water quality regulator of the comparative example 1 is added in the whole culture process.
The culture method comprises the following steps: the same water source is used in each pond, the water amount in the pond is the same, 6 million shrimp fries are cultured in 4 months, and the shrimps are collected in 7 months. Daily at 9: 30 and 18: 00 microbial water quality regulator is put in, the total feeding amount in the early stage of cultivation is 6-8% per day, and the total feeding amount in the middle stage of cultivation and the later stage of cultivation is 3-4% per day. The microorganism water quality regulator of each example and each comparative example has the same input mode, input time and input amount in the culture process.
According to the invention, the early-stage culture, the middle-stage culture and the later-stage culture are divided according to the individual quantity of the shrimps. Wherein the early stage of the culture is from the breeding of the shrimp seedlings to the growth of the shrimps to 1000-1300 heads per kilogram; the middle culture period is from the early culture period to 150-180 kg of shrimps growing; the later culture stage is from the middle culture stage to the end of culture. For the culture process of other aquatic species, the early stage, the middle stage and the later stage of the culture can be divided according to the conventional distinguishing method in the field.
The pond water quality and transparency were tested separately, and the test results are shown in tables 1 to 4. Table 1 shows data of the change of the water quality index with respect to the raw water body at the middle stage of cultivation; table 2 shows data of the change of the water quality index with respect to the raw water body at the later stage of cultivation; table 3 shows transparency detection data of the water body at the early stage of cultivation; and table 4 shows the transparency detection data of the culture water body in the later culture period. The average of 6 replicates per set of breeding trials is shown in tables 1-2.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
Weighing how many shrimps are 1 jin after 7 months, then obtaining the average weight of one prawn, weighing the total weight of the shrimps, and calculating the total tail number of the alive shrimps by dividing the total weight of the shrimps by the average weight of the shrimps:
survival (%) × (total mantissa of surviving shrimps/initial mantissa) × 100%.
Disease incidence (%) — area of onset/area of measure.
The survival rates and disease incidence rates for the different breeding test groups are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, regardless of the water quality change in the middle stage of cultivation or the water quality change in the later stage of cultivation, compared with the comparative example, the microbial water quality regulator of the embodiment of the invention can keep stable water quality after different probiotics are added in different cultivation stages, is beneficial to good intestinal micro-ecology of aquatic animals, and inhibits the propagation of pathogenic microorganisms in water. As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, after the probiotics in the water-rich period is added into the water body in the early stage of cultivation, the water quality is tender, the growth of the young prawns is fast, and in the early stage of cultivation, the transparency of the embodiments 1 to 3 is lower than the ratio, which indicates that after the microbial water quality regulator of the embodiments of the invention is added, the biomass in the water body is higher, more bait is eaten by aquatic animals, and the growth of the prawns is facilitated. In the later stage of cultivation, the transparency of the comparative example is obviously lower, and the chemical index is correspondingly higher, which shows that pathogenic bacteria and blue-green algae in the water body are bred, so that the health of aquatic animals is easily influenced. After the microbial water quality regulator in the embodiment 1-3 is used, the water body transparency in the later period of cultivation is higher. Therefore, the microbial water quality regulator provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively solve the pollution problem of aquaculture. As can be seen from Table 5, the weight of the prawns using the microbial water quality regulator of the embodiments 1-3 of the invention is increased significantly, the feed conversion rate is high, and the yield of the prawns is relatively increased by more than 10% compared with the yield of the prawns of the comparative example.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A microbial water quality regulator is characterized by comprising a probiotic agent in a water-fertilizing period, a probiotic agent in a growing period and a probiotic agent in a later breeding period; the probiotic agent in the water-fertilizing period comprises, by mass, 10-40% of lactic acid bacteria, 10-50% of chlorella and 10-50% of yeast; the probiotic preparation in the growth period comprises, by mass, 10-40% of lactic acid bacteria, 10-40% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 10-40% of saccharomycetes and 10-40% of bacillus subtilis; the probiotic agent at the later stage of cultivation comprises, by mass, 10-40% of lactic acid bacteria, 10-40% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 10-40% of bacillus subtilis and 10-40% of nitrobacteria.
2. The microbial water quality regulator according to claim 1, wherein the probiotics in the water fertilizing period comprise 30% of lactic acid bacteria, 40% of chlorella and 30% of yeast in percentage by mass; the probiotic preparation in the growth period comprises 20% of lactic acid bacteria, 20% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 30% of yeast and 30% of bacillus subtilis by mass percentage; the probiotics in the later culture period comprise 20% of lactic acid bacteria, 30% of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 30% of bacillus subtilis and 20% of nitrobacteria in percentage by mass.
3. The microbial water quality conditioner of claim 1, wherein said lactic acid bacteria comprise lactobacillus fermentum, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei, and streptococcus faecium.
4. The microbial water quality conditioner of claim 1, wherein said yeast comprises saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida utilis.
5. The microbial water quality conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the nitrifying bacteria include ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria.
6. The microbial water quality regulator according to claim 1, wherein the lactobacillus consists of 50-70% of lactobacillus fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the rhodopseudomonas palustris is composed of 50-70% of rhodopseudomonas palustris fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the chlorella is composed of 50-70% of chlorella fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the yeast comprises 50-70% of yeast fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the bacillus subtilis consists of 50-70% of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass; the nitrifying bacteria comprise 50-70% of nitrifying bacteria fermentation liquor, 20-40% of shell powder and 10-30% of freeze-drying protective agent in percentage by mass.
7. The microbial water quality regulator according to claim 1, wherein the freeze-drying protective agent consists of 50-80% of skimmed milk powder, 2-20% of lactose and 10-30% of glycerol in percentage by mass.
8. A method for preparing a microbial water quality regulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein lactic acid bacteria, chlorella and yeast are mixed in proportion to obtain a probiotic agent in a water-rich period; mixing lactobacillus, rhodopseudomonas palustris, saccharomycetes and bacillus subtilis according to a proportion to obtain a probiotic agent in a growth period; and mixing the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis and the nitrobacteria according to the proportion to obtain the probiotic agent in the later period of cultivation.
9. The application method of the microbial water quality regulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the aquaculture process, a water-rich phase probiotic is used in the early stage of aquaculture, a growth phase probiotic is used in the middle stage of aquaculture, and a late phase probiotic is used in the late stage of aquaculture.
10. The application method of the microbial water quality regulator as claimed in claim 9, wherein the probiotics in the water-fertilizing period, the probiotics in the growing period and the probiotics in the later period of cultivation are added into water containing 0.2-2% of salt and 2-10% of brown sugar by mass percent for activation for 2-6 hours before use.
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| CN107779417A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-09 | 蒋爱国 | A kind of microorganism water activating agent used for aquiculture |
| WO2018133411A1 (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-26 | 广州市广深环保科技有限公司 | Multifunctional and efficient sewage microorganism activated bacterial agent and use thereof |
| CN109179666A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-11 | 浦江县酉泽水产科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of freshwater crayfish cultivation nutrition water adjusting agent |
| CN110372105A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-10-25 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | A kind of complex micro organism fungicide and preparation method thereof for improveing aquaculture system |
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| CN102649936A (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2012-08-29 | 武汉合缘绿色生物工程有限公司 | Compound microorganism fungicide for improving water quality of culturing water body and preparation method |
| CN107779417A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-09 | 蒋爱国 | A kind of microorganism water activating agent used for aquiculture |
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