CN114039184A - Multipath radial power synthesis amplifier - Google Patents
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- CN114039184A CN114039184A CN202111246461.3A CN202111246461A CN114039184A CN 114039184 A CN114039184 A CN 114039184A CN 202111246461 A CN202111246461 A CN 202111246461A CN 114039184 A CN114039184 A CN 114039184A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-path radial power synthesis amplifier which comprises a power distribution unit, a multi-path power amplifier unit, a multi-path signal isolation unit and a power synthesis unit, wherein the power distribution unit is of a symmetrical structure and comprises rectangular waveguide ports, a branch structure, a cylindrical waveguide and a plurality of radial rectangular waveguide ports, the power distribution unit is respectively connected with one end of each path of the power amplifier unit through each radial rectangular waveguide port, and the other end of each path of the power amplifier unit is respectively connected to the signal synthesis unit through one path of signal isolation unit. The invention divides the input signal into multiple paths of signals with consistent amplitude and phase through the power distribution unit; the power distribution with high efficiency, low loss and high power capacity is realized through the circular waveguide, and the high-order mode is effectively inhibited; the signal isolation unit is arranged to realize good port matching, and the return loss and signal crosstalk are inhibited, so that the multi-path high-efficiency power synthesis is more stable and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to a multi-path radial power synthesis amplifier.
Background
The traditional high-power satellite communication power Amplifier adopts a space Traveling wave tube power Amplifier (TWTA), but the nonlinear characteristic of the Traveling wave tube power Amplifier can cause a multi-carrier signal to generate an intermodulation component, so that intermodulation distortion and adjacent channel interference are caused, and the performance of a communication system is influenced; meanwhile, the power amplifier of the traveling wave tube has the defects of short mean time to failure (about 3 ten thousand hours), poor working reliability and stability and the like. With the development of microwave semiconductor transistor technology, a Solid State Power Amplifier (SSPA) has been widely used in the field of satellite communication due to its advantages of stable and reliable performance, convenient maintenance, low energy consumption, and the like, and the current Power Amplifier is solidified.
Due to the shortage of satellite orbit and spectrum resources and the increasing high throughput demand of people, satellite communication is developing towards high frequency band, large bandwidth and high capacity. At present, China accelerates the launching and deployment of Ka-band high-flux satellites, and meanwhile, in the deployment of earth-orbiting satellite networking, an earth station adopts a Q/V frequency band with a higher frequency band, which puts higher requirements on the frequency and the power of a power amplifier of a satellite communication system. The current domestic Ka frequency band solid state device saturation power output is about 10W, and the power requirement (100W-1000W) of an earth station in a satellite communication system can not be met. There is a need to implement a high power solid state power amplifier by combining the power of multiple solid state devices. The core of the research on the power distribution and synthesis technology is to adopt which network topology to achieve higher power output and higher synthesis efficiency.
The power divider/combiner originated from the classic wilkinson power divider proposed by wilkinson in the sixties of the last century. Wilkinson power dividers are widely used due to their superior performance and extend to many different forms, but are only suitable for power synthesis of small signals. Although the power distribution/synthesis device of the magic T structure is suitable for microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands, the structure adopts binary tree type power distribution/synthesis, and the loss during multi-path power synthesis has multi-level superposition, so that the synthesis efficiency is sharply reduced; in addition, the reliability of the magic T structure product is reduced due to excessive heat dissipation when the multiple power is synthesized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-path radial power combining amplifier capable of realizing a power combining amplifier with high efficiency, low loss, and high power capacity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a multi-path radial power synthesis amplifier comprises a power distribution unit, a multi-path power amplifier unit, a multi-path signal isolation unit and a power synthesis unit, wherein the power distribution unit is of a symmetrical structure and comprises a rectangular waveguide port, a branch structure, a cylindrical waveguide and a plurality of radial rectangular waveguide ports, a first circular waveguide is arranged on the bottom surface of one end of the cylindrical waveguide, a first radial rectangular waveguide is formed by the rectangular waveguide which extends inwards from the rectangular waveguide port through the branch structure, each path of rectangular waveguide in the first radial rectangular waveguide is uniformly arranged around the first circular waveguide, a second circular waveguide is arranged on the other bottom surface of the cylindrical waveguide, second radial rectangular waveguides are uniformly arranged around the second circular waveguide, and one end, far away from the second circular waveguide, of each path of rectangular waveguide in the second radial rectangular waveguide is the radial rectangular waveguide port, the number of the radial rectangular waveguide ports is equal to the number of the paths of the power amplifier units, the number of the paths of the power amplifier units is equal to the number of the paths of the signal isolation units, the power distribution unit is respectively connected with one end of each path of the power amplifier units through each radial rectangular waveguide port, and the other end of each path of the power amplifier units is respectively connected to the signal synthesis unit through one path of the signal isolation units.
Further, each of the first radial rectangular waveguides is radially and symmetrically arranged with the axis of the cylindrical waveguide as an axis, and each of the second radial rectangular waveguides is radially and symmetrically arranged with the axis of the cylindrical waveguide as an axis.
Further, the branch structure is disposed on a waveguide E-plane of the power distribution unit.
Further, the branching structure includes Y-branches, and the branching structure includes a first Y-branch, a second Y-branch, a third Y-branch, a fourth Y-branch, a fifth Y-branch, a sixth Y-branch, and a seventh Y-branch.
Further, the power distribution unit further comprises an impedance transformation structure, and the impedance transformation structure comprises a first waveguide elbow, a second waveguide elbow, a third waveguide elbow, a fourth waveguide elbow, a fifth waveguide elbow and a sixth waveguide elbow.
Further, a rectangular waveguide extending inward from the rectangular waveguide port is divided into a first rectangular waveguide and a second rectangular waveguide by the first Y-branch, the first rectangular waveguide is divided into a third rectangular waveguide and a fourth rectangular waveguide by the first waveguide elbow and the second Y-branch in turn, the second rectangular waveguide is divided into a fifth rectangular waveguide and a sixth rectangular waveguide by the second waveguide elbow and the third Y-branch in turn, the third rectangular waveguide is divided into a seventh rectangular waveguide and an eighth rectangular waveguide by the third waveguide elbow and the fourth Y-branch in turn, the fourth rectangular waveguide is divided into a ninth rectangular waveguide and a tenth rectangular waveguide by the fourth waveguide elbow and the fifth Y-branch in turn, the fifth rectangular waveguide is divided into an eleventh rectangular waveguide and a twelfth rectangular waveguide by the fifth waveguide elbow and the sixth Y-branch in turn, the sixth rectangular waveguide is sequentially divided into a thirteenth rectangular waveguide and a fourteenth rectangular waveguide by the sixth waveguide elbow and a seventh Y-branch, and the seventh rectangular waveguide, the eighth rectangular waveguide, the ninth rectangular waveguide, the tenth rectangular waveguide, the eleventh rectangular waveguide, the twelfth rectangular waveguide, the thirteenth rectangular waveguide and the fourteenth rectangular waveguide constitute the first radial rectangular waveguide.
Further, the transmission mode of the circular waveguide is TE01A mode of transmission of the second radial rectangular waveguide is TE10And (5) molding.
Furthermore, the signal isolation unit adopts a rectangular waveguide B-shaped flange.
Further, the power distribution unit and the power combining unit have the same structure.
Further, a radial rectangular waveguide port of the power combining unit is an input end of a signal, and a rectangular waveguide port of the power combining unit is an output end of the signal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the multi-path radial power synthesis amplifier, the input signals are divided into the signals with the same amplitude and phase by the power distribution unit with the symmetrical structure, power distribution with high efficiency, low loss and high power capacity is realized by the circular waveguide, and high-order modes are effectively inhibited; the signal isolation unit is arranged at the output end of each path of power amplifier unit, so that the signal reflection of the radial rectangular waveguide port of the power synthesis unit is effectively inhibited, and the return loss of the radial rectangular waveguide port and the signal crosstalk between the radial rectangular waveguide ports are solved; the signal isolation unit enables the power amplification units to be mutually independent, when a certain power amplifier unit is damaged, the other power amplifier units can still work normally, the output power of the power synthesis amplifier is only reduced according to a certain proportion, and the stability and the reliability of the multi-path radial power synthesis amplifier are improved; meanwhile, the signal isolation unit also realizes good port matching, so that the multi-path high-efficiency power synthesis is more stable and reliable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution unit of a multi-path radial power combining amplifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of a multi-path radial power combining amplifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal isolation unit of a multi-path radial power combining amplifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a return loss simulation of a multi-path radial power combining amplifier applied to a Ka frequency band according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating amplitude balance simulation of a radial rectangular waveguide port of a multi-path radial power combining amplifier applied to a Ka frequency band;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of simulation of phase errors of radial rectangular waveguide ports of a multi-path radial power combining amplifier applied to a Ka frequency band.
101, a rectangular waveguide port; 102. a cylindrical waveguide; 103. a radial rectangular waveguide port; 104. a first Y-branch; 105. a second Y-branch; 106. a third Y-branch; 107. a fourth Y-branch; 108. a fifth Y-branch; 109. a sixth Y-branch; 110. a seventh Y-branch; 111. a first waveguide bend; 112. a second waveguide bend; 113. a third waveguide elbow; 114. a fourth waveguide elbow; 115. a fifth waveguide bend; 116. a sixth waveguide bend.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a multi-path radial power combining amplifier, including a power distribution unit, a multi-path power amplifier unit, a multi-path signal isolation unit and a power combining unit, where the power distribution unit includes a rectangular waveguide port 101, a branch structure, a cylindrical waveguide 102 and a plurality of radial rectangular waveguide ports 103, a bottom surface of one end of the cylindrical waveguide 102 is a first circular waveguide, a rectangular waveguide extending inward from the rectangular waveguide port forms a first radial rectangular waveguide through the branch structure, each of the first radial rectangular waveguides is uniformly arranged around the first circular waveguide, another bottom surface of the cylindrical waveguide is a second circular waveguide, second radial rectangular waveguides are uniformly arranged around the second circular waveguide, and an end of each of the second radial rectangular waveguides, away from the second circular waveguide, is the radial rectangular waveguide port 103, the number of the radial rectangular waveguide ports 103 is equal to the number of the paths of the power amplifier units, the number of the paths of the power amplifier units is equal to the number of the paths of the signal isolation units, the power distribution unit is respectively connected with one end of each path of the power amplifier units through each radial rectangular waveguide port 103, and the other end of each path of the power amplifier units is respectively connected to the signal synthesis unit through one path of the signal isolation unit.
The power distribution unit and the power synthesis unit have the same structure, and the power distribution unit has a symmetrical structure and is used for dividing input signals into multiple paths of signals with equal amplitude and the same phase. In the millimeter wave frequency band, the insertion loss of the power distribution unit is small, and the higher-order mode can be suppressed.
Specifically, the input end of the power distribution unit is a rectangular waveguide port 101 and an inwardly extended standard rectangular waveguide, and the transmission mode of the rectangular waveguide in the power distribution unit is TE10And (5) molding.
The branch structure is arranged on the waveguide E surface of the power distribution unit and is used for dividing the waveguide into two paths. In an embodiment of the present invention, the branch structure is a Y-branch, and the branch structure includes a first Y-branch 104, a second Y-branch 105, a third Y-branch 106, a fourth Y-branch 107, a fifth Y-branch 108, a sixth Y-branch 109, and a seventh Y-branch 110.
The two bottom surfaces of the cylindrical waveguide 102 are respectively a first circular waveguide and a second circular waveguide, and the transmission mode in the first circular waveguide and the second circular waveguide is TE01And (5) molding. The first circular waveguide is provided with a section of short-circuited circular waveguide which is a circular waveguide stepped short-circuit surface. Circular waveguide TE01The mold has low-loss transmission characteristics, so that the transmission loss of signals in the power distribution unit and the power synthesis unit is low, the power synthesis efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, a higher-order mode can be effectively restrained. In the embodiment of the invention, the power combining efficiency of the multipath radial power combining amplifier adopting the power distribution unit and the power combining unit is more than 80%. It will be appreciated that the power capacity of the waveguide is higher than conventional integrated transmission lines, andand circular waveguide TE01The die has extremely high power capacity, so that the power capacity of the multipath radial power combining amplifier in the embodiment of the invention is further increased.
In the embodiment of the present invention, each of the first radial rectangular waveguides is radially and symmetrically arranged with the axis of the cylindrical waveguide 102 as an axis, and each of the second radial rectangular waveguides is radially and symmetrically arranged with the axis of the cylindrical waveguide 102 as an axis. The transmission mode of the first radial rectangular waveguide and the second radial rectangular waveguide is TE10And (5) molding.
As an optional implementation, the power distribution unit further includes an impedance transformation structure, and the impedance transformation structure includes a first waveguide bend 111, a second waveguide bend 112, a third waveguide bend 113, a fourth waveguide bend 114, a fifth waveguide bend 115, and a sixth waveguide bend 116.
The impedance transformation structure is used for bending the standard rectangular waveguide and continuously keeping the standard rectangular waveguide after the bending part, and the impedance transformation structure performs impedance transformation in a stepped impedance transformation mode.
As an alternative embodiment, the rectangular waveguide extending inward from the rectangular waveguide port 101 is divided into a first rectangular waveguide and a second rectangular waveguide by the first Y-branch 104, the first rectangular waveguide is divided into a third rectangular waveguide and a fourth rectangular waveguide by the first waveguide bend 111 and the second Y-branch 105 in sequence, the second rectangular waveguide is divided into a fifth rectangular waveguide and a sixth rectangular waveguide by the second waveguide bend 112 and the third Y-branch 106 in sequence, the third rectangular waveguide is divided into a seventh rectangular waveguide and an eighth rectangular waveguide by the third waveguide bend 113 and the fourth Y-branch 107 in sequence, the fourth rectangular waveguide is divided into a ninth rectangular waveguide and a tenth rectangular waveguide by the fourth waveguide bend 114 and the fifth Y-branch 108 in sequence, and the fifth rectangular waveguide 115 is divided into an eleventh rectangular waveguide and an eighth rectangular waveguide by the fifth waveguide bend 109 and the sixth Y-branch 110 in sequence A twelfth rectangular waveguide, the sixth rectangular waveguide is sequentially divided into a thirteenth rectangular waveguide and a fourteenth rectangular waveguide through the sixth waveguide elbow 116 and the seventh Y-branch 110, and the seventh rectangular waveguide, the eighth rectangular waveguide, the ninth rectangular waveguide, the tenth rectangular waveguide, the eleventh rectangular waveguide, the twelfth rectangular waveguide, the thirteenth rectangular waveguide and the fourteenth rectangular waveguide constitute the first radial rectangular waveguide
In an embodiment of the present invention, the rectangular waveguide is divided into eight paths of rectangular waveguides (first radial rectangular waveguide) which are radially symmetric about the axis of the cylindrical waveguide 102 through three branches, one end of the second radial rectangular waveguide and one end of the first radial rectangular waveguide extend toward the axis of the cylindrical waveguide 102 and are connected to the second circular waveguide and the first circular waveguide respectively at the waveguide wall of the cylindrical waveguide 102, the waveguide wall is shared by the wide sides of the adjacent rectangular waveguides at the connection, the other end extends radially and symmetrically to the periphery to form multiple paths of radial rectangular waveguide branches, and the rectangular waveguides in each path have the same size and are uniformly and radially distributed, so that the input signals are divided into equal-amplitude and equal-phase signals and are input to the power amplifier unit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, if the number of the rectangular waveguide paths of the second radial rectangular waveguide is N, the width of each rectangular waveguide path is b, and the radius of the second circular waveguide is r, then N × b ≈ 2 pi r.
Referring to fig. 2, each radial rectangular waveguide port 103 is connected to a power amplifier unit for amplifying each signal distributed by the power distribution unit. The output end of the power amplifier unit is connected with one end of the signal isolation unit, and the other end of the signal isolation unit is connected with the radial rectangular waveguide port of the power synthesis unit.
Referring to fig. 3, as an alternative embodiment, the signal isolation unit uses a rectangular waveguide B-type flange, such as BJ 320.
Wherein, the signal isolation unit allows the forward direction signal to pass through and blocks the reverse direction signal. The insertion loss of the signals passing through the signal isolation unit in the forward direction is less than 0.2dB, the reverse blocking degree is greater than 20dB, and the signal reflection of a radial rectangular waveguide port of the power synthesis unit is effectively inhibited.
The round waveguide has the disadvantages of poor return loss (not less than-6 dB) of the ports of the radial rectangular waveguide and poor mutual isolation (not less than-8 dB) of the ports of the radial rectangular waveguide, and the signal isolation unit is used for solving the return loss of the ports of the radial rectangular waveguide and the signal crosstalk between the ports of the radial rectangular waveguide and avoiding generating self-excitation. Meanwhile, the signal isolation units are connected, so that the power amplification units in each path are mutually independent, when one power amplifier unit is damaged, the other power amplifier units can still normally work, the output power of the power synthesis amplifier is only reduced according to a certain proportion, and the stability and the reliability of the multi-path radial power synthesis amplifier are improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the power combining unit is formed by connecting another power distribution unit to the output end of the signal isolation unit in an inverted manner, i.e. the radial rectangular waveguide port of the power combining unit is the input end of the signal, and the rectangular waveguide port of the power combining unit is the output end of the signal.
In one embodiment of the invention, the input waveguide is a standard BJ320 waveguide with the size of A being 3.556mm and B being 7.112mm, the width dimension B of the 18-way tapered second radial rectangular waveguide is fixed at 7.112mm, and the width dimension a of the narrow side is tapered from 2.3mm to 3.556 mm. The radius r of the second circular waveguide is 7.4mm, and the stepped short-circuit surface h of the circular waveguide is 2.8 mm.
The simulation results of the radial power synthesis amplifier are shown in fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, in the frequency range of 26.5GHz-32.5GHz, the return loss of the total port is lower than-18.5 dB, the amplitude imbalance of the 18 branches is less than 0.4dB, the insertion loss is less than 0.25dB, the phase relationship from each rectangular waveguide branch port to the radial rectangular waveguide port is almost the same, and the phase error is less than 1 degree.
Total input power P of power combining unitinIs the sum of the output power of each power amplifier unit, the total input power PinIs composed of
The output power is the total output power P after synthesisoutThe synthesis efficiency is as follows:
wherein, when the total output power is 250W, the output power of each power amplifier unit (the total input power P of the power combining unit)in) As shown in the following table:
thus, the synthesis efficiency
In the embodiment of the invention, by increasing the radius r of the second circular waveguide and reducing the width b of each path of rectangular waveguide of the second radial rectangular waveguide, more paths of second radial rectangular waveguides can be realized, so that more paths of radial power combining amplifiers are realized.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-path radial power synthesis amplifier is characterized by comprising a power distribution unit, a multi-path power amplifier unit, a multi-path signal isolation unit and a power synthesis unit, wherein the power distribution unit is of a symmetrical structure and comprises rectangular waveguide ports, a branch structure, a cylindrical waveguide and a plurality of radial rectangular waveguide ports, the bottom surface of one end of the cylindrical waveguide is a first circular waveguide, the rectangular waveguide extending inwards from the rectangular waveguide ports forms a first radial rectangular waveguide through the branch structure, each path of rectangular waveguide in the first radial rectangular waveguide is uniformly arranged around the first circular waveguide, the other bottom surface of the cylindrical waveguide is a second circular waveguide, second radial rectangular waveguides are uniformly arranged around the second circular waveguide, and one end, far away from the second circular waveguide, of each path of rectangular waveguide in the second radial rectangular waveguide is the radial rectangular waveguide port, the number of the radial rectangular waveguide ports is equal to that of the power amplifier units, the number of the power amplifier units is equal to that of the signal isolation units, the power distribution unit is respectively connected with one end of each path of the power amplifier units through each radial rectangular waveguide port, and the other end of each path of the power amplifier units is respectively connected to the signal synthesis unit through one path of the signal isolation units.
2. The multi-path radial power combining amplifier according to claim 1, wherein each of the first radial rectangular waveguides is radially and symmetrically arranged around the axis of the cylindrical waveguide, and each of the second radial rectangular waveguides is radially and symmetrically arranged around the axis of the cylindrical waveguide.
3. The multi-path radial power combining amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the branch structure is disposed at a waveguide E-plane of the power splitting unit.
4. The multi-path radial power combining amplifier of claim 3, wherein the branch structure is a Y-branch, and the branch structure comprises a first Y-branch, a second Y-branch, a third Y-branch, a fourth Y-branch, a fifth Y-branch, a sixth Y-branch, and a seventh Y-branch.
5. The multi-path radial power combining amplifier of claim 4, wherein the power distribution unit further comprises an impedance transformation structure, the impedance transformation structure comprising a first waveguide bend, a second waveguide bend, a third waveguide bend, a fourth waveguide bend, a fifth waveguide bend, and a sixth waveguide bend.
6. The multi-path radial power combining amplifier of claim 5, wherein the rectangular waveguide extending inward from the rectangular waveguide port is divided into a first rectangular waveguide and a second rectangular waveguide by the first Y-branch, the first rectangular waveguide is divided into a third rectangular waveguide and a fourth rectangular waveguide by the first waveguide bend and the second Y-branch in sequence, the second rectangular waveguide is divided into a fifth rectangular waveguide and a sixth rectangular waveguide by the second waveguide bend and the third Y-branch in sequence, the third rectangular waveguide is divided into a seventh rectangular waveguide and an eighth rectangular waveguide by the third waveguide bend and the fourth Y-branch in sequence, the fourth rectangular waveguide is divided into a ninth rectangular waveguide and a tenth rectangular waveguide by the fourth waveguide bend and the fifth Y-branch in sequence, and the fifth rectangular waveguide is divided into an eleventh rectangular waveguide and a tenth rectangular waveguide by the fifth waveguide bend and the sixth Y-branch in sequence The sixth rectangular waveguide is divided into a thirteenth rectangular waveguide and a fourteenth rectangular waveguide sequentially through the sixth waveguide elbow and a seventh Y-branch, and the seventh rectangular waveguide, the eighth rectangular waveguide, the ninth rectangular waveguide, the tenth rectangular waveguide, the eleventh rectangular waveguide, the twelfth rectangular waveguide, the thirteenth rectangular waveguide and the fourteenth rectangular waveguide constitute the first radial rectangular waveguide.
7. The multi-path radial power combining amplifier of claim 1, wherein the transmission mode of the first circular waveguide and the second circular waveguide is TE01A mode of transmission of the second radial rectangular waveguide is TE10And (5) molding.
8. The multi-path radial power combining amplifier of claim 1, wherein the signal isolation unit is a rectangular waveguide B-type flange.
9. The multi-path radial power combining amplifier as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the power splitting unit and the power combining unit are identical in structure.
10. The multi-path radial power combining amplifier of claim 9, wherein the radial rectangular waveguide port of the power combining unit is an input end of a signal, and the rectangular waveguide port of the power combining unit is an output end of the signal.
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Application publication date: 20220211 |