CN114784476B - Multipath waveguide power synthesizer based on E-plane porous expansion coupling structure - Google Patents
Multipath waveguide power synthesizer based on E-plane porous expansion coupling structure Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multipath waveguide power synthesizer based on an E-plane porous expansion coupling structure, and belongs to the technical field of microwave elements. The waveguide power combiner consists of multiple parallel waveguides and a coupling structure between the waveguides. The multi-path parallel waveguides are arranged in parallel, wherein the main waveguide is centered, one side port of the main waveguide is an input port, each path of coupling waveguide is connected with a matched load with the port on the same side of the input port, the other rectangular waveguides are symmetrically arranged along the two sides of the main waveguide, and the ports on the other side of all the waveguides form a power distribution or power synthesis port. The waveguide power combiner has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing, good passband characteristics, reflection characteristics and transmission characteristics, and is suitable for the use of a power combining and amplifying structure. And the waveguide power device is subjected to secondary cascade connection to form a two-dimensional waveguide power synthesis network, so that the combining efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a multipath waveguide power synthesizer based on an E-plane porous expansion coupling structure, relates to the microwave technology, has the characteristics of simple structure, easy processing, good passband characteristic and expandability, is suitable for microwave components needing a power synthesis amplifying structure, and belongs to the technical field of basic electric elements.
Background
With the development of microwave technology, microwave technology has been widely used in navigation, radar, point-to-point communication systems, and many other fields, and thus high-power microwave and millimeter wave devices are required. The power synthesizer is an essential circuit device of high-power microwave and millimeter wave equipment, and obtains higher output power by coherently synthesizing the output of equipment such as a microwave power amplifier and the like. The waveguide power divider is used as a microwave component capable of distributing and synthesizing power and is commonly used for high-power microwave and millimeter wave equipment, the performance of the waveguide power divider is directly related to the maximum output power of the whole high-power microwave and millimeter wave equipment, and the power synthesis effect of the whole equipment is affected.
Among the numerous power splitting and combining modes, there are three combining modes for obtaining a larger output power: the first is that multistage amplification synthesis of power is performed through multistage cascaded power dividers, but when multistage cascading is performed through traditional waveguide power dividers to meet the power requirement of the requirement, the defects of longer structure, larger loss, higher processing cost and the like are generally caused; the second method is a method using a radial waveguide combiner, and all output ports are not isolated, so that the damage of any power amplifier can influence the working safety of the whole power synthesis network; and the third is a power synthesis method based on a T-shaped branch or Y-shaped branch waveguide power divider, and when a plurality of combining ports are realized, a plurality of stages of combiners are required to be cascaded, so that the structure is larger, the loss is increased, and the combining efficiency is reduced.
The invention aims to provide a multipath waveguide power synthesizer based on an E-plane porous expansion coupling structure, and multipath power synthesis is realized through a simple coupling structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology, and provides a multipath waveguide power combiner based on an E-plane porous expansion coupling structure, which is easy to process, is more suitable for a two-dimensional waveguide power combining network formed by cascading, and solves the technical problems of large structural size, large loss and low isolation of each output port of the traditional waveguide combiner.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purposes of the invention:
the multi-path waveguide power synthesizer based on the E-plane porous expansion coupling structure comprises multi-path parallel rectangular waveguides and a porous coupling structure among the waveguides. One rectangular waveguide is used as a main waveguide, the other rectangular waveguides parallel to the main waveguide are coupling waveguides, and the coupling waveguides are arranged in a mode of being symmetrical with respect to the central plane of the main waveguide. One side port of the main waveguide is an input port, a coupling waveguide port on the same side as the input port is connected with a wedge load, and the other side ports of all the waveguides are output ports. The rectangular waveguides are connected through a porous coupling structure, so that power distribution is performed.
The height (namely the distance between the waveguides) and the width of the aperture and the distance between the apertures are used as three optimization variables, and the width of the aperture and the distance between the apertures are adjusted to optimize the coupling effect and the working bandwidth of the coupling structure on the premise that the aperture height in each porous coupling structure is set to be the same as the width of the rectangular waveguide. Each porous coupling structure comprises an odd number (at least three) of apertures and all apertures are symmetrical about the main waveguide center. In the process of gradually expanding the coupling waveguide along the outer side of the main waveguide E, the width of the aperture in the porous coupling structure is gradually increased, and accordingly, the aperture pitch in the porous coupling structure is gradually decreased.
Further, each output port of the multipath waveguide power combiner based on the E-plane porous expansion coupling structure is added with a diaphragm for phase compensation.
And further, stacking at least two multipath waveguide power combiners based on the E-plane porous expansion coupling structure along the E-plane to form a two-dimensional waveguide power combining network, respectively connecting the output end of one-dimensional power combiner with the input end of each multipath waveguide power combiner stacked to form the two-dimensional waveguide power combining network, and connecting the output end of the one-dimensional power combiner with the input end of each multipath waveguide power combiner through a twisted waveguide.
The invention adopts the technical scheme and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The multipath waveguide power combiner of the invention forms a symmetrical structure with the main waveguide as the center only through direct coupling of a plurality of apertures among multipath parallel waveguides, and realizes waveguide power distribution of multipath port output.
(2) The multi-path waveguide power combiner can be expanded outwards through the same rectangular waveguide and coupling structure on the existing multi-path waveguide power combiner structure, so that expansion of power distribution ports is realized, and expandability is achieved.
(3) On the basis of realizing a plurality of power synthesis ports, the multipath waveguide power synthesizer can realize better broadband characteristics and port isolation by optimizing the coupling aperture width and the aperture spacing.
(4) The multipath waveguide power combiner has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in processing, good passband characteristics, reflection characteristics and transmission characteristics, and suitability for a power combining and amplifying structure.
(5) The multi-path waveguide power combiner realizes a larger-scale two-dimensional waveguide power combining network by multistage cascading, adopts the multi-path waveguide power combiner which forms 2N+1 power combining ports through N coupling waveguides as a basic unit of cascading, and forms two dimensions after cascadingThe waveguide power combining network has (2N+1) 2 The number of the composite paths is far larger than that of the existing two-branch waveguide power composite network based on the waveguide T-shaped or Y-shaped branches, the number of the cascade stages required when the two-dimensional waveguide power composite network with the same number of the composite paths is realized is smaller, the composite path efficiency is greatly improved, and the high isolation degree exists between any two output ports, so that the two-branch waveguide power composite network is suitable for a high-power amplifier.
Drawings
Fig. 1 (a) and fig. 1 (b) are schematic structural diagrams and E-plane structural diagrams of a multi-path waveguide power combiner based on an E-plane porous expansion coupling structure.
Fig. 2 is a split structure diagram of a multi-path waveguide power combiner based on an E-plane porous extended coupling structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3, 4 and 5 are S-parameter graphs of the multi-channel waveguide power combiner of the present invention at 9-11GHz based on an E-plane porous extended coupling structure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel waveguide power combiner of the present invention based on an E-plane porous extended coupling structure with phase compensation by adding a diaphragm.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage cascade structure of the multi-channel waveguide power combiner based on an E-plane porous expansion coupling structure of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate: 1. main path waveguide 2, first coupling waveguide 3, second coupling waveguide 4, wedge load 5, ring flange 6, apron, 7, twist waveguide.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the multi-path waveguide power combiner based on the E-plane porous expansion coupling structure consists of multi-path parallel rectangular waveguides and porous coupling structures among the rectangular waveguides. One rectangular waveguide at the center is used as a main waveguide, the other multi-path rectangular waveguides are coupling waveguides, the long sides of the coupling waveguides are parallel to the long sides of the main waveguide, and the multi-path coupling waveguides are symmetrically arranged about the central plane of the main waveguide. The rectangular waveguides are connected through a plurality of coupling apertures to distribute power. In this embodiment, adjacent rectangular waveguides are connected through five coupling apertures, wherein the widths of the five apertures between the main waveguide 1 and the first coupling waveguide 2 are b1, b2, b1, respectively, seen from the input port1 to the output port, and are symmetrically arranged along the center of the waveguide, and the aperture pitches are L1, L2, and L1. The second coupling waveguide 3 and the first coupling waveguide 2 which are expanded outwards are also connected through five coupling apertures, the total width of the coupling structure is kept unchanged, the aperture widths are expanded to b3, b4 and b3, and the apertures are symmetrically distributed along the center of the waveguide.
When the multi-channel waveguide power combiner based on the E-plane porous expansion coupling structure shown in fig. 1 and 2 is used as a power divider, energy is input into the power divider through a port on one side of the main waveguide 1, other waveguide ports on the same side are connected with wedge loads 4 for input power matching, the energy is distributed to a port on the other side of each coupling waveguide to be output after passing through the porous coupling structure on the E-plane, and different power distribution requirements can be realized by optimizing structural parameters of the multi-channel waveguide power combiner in fig. 1. In this embodiment, a port1 of the main waveguide is used as an input port, and a port2 of the main waveguide, a port3 and a port4 of the first coupling waveguide, and a port5 and a port6 of the second coupling waveguide are used as output ports, so as to realize a power divider with power divided into five equal parts. The ports are connected with the outside through a flange 5, and a cover plate 6 is arranged on the E surface of the whole multipath waveguide power combiner to form a closed transmission structure.
In the embodiment, a multichannel waveguide power divider with the working frequency band of 9.5-10.5GHz is designed, and the power is divided into five equal parts. The dimensions of the waveguide are 22.86mm by 10.16mm, port length ls=22 mm, coupling aperture spacing l1=7.02 mm, l2=4.90 mm, coupling aperture width b1=2.78 mm, b2=3.56 mm, b3=3.88 mm, b4=6.02 mm, the individual coupling apertures being symmetrically distributed along the midline and the in-line aperture arrangement being also symmetrical along the midline, as illustrated by the labels in fig. 1.
The S-parameter curves of the waveguide power divider are shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, and the parameter performances of the port3 and the port5 are the same as those of the port4 and the port6 due to the symmetrical structure of the power divider, so they are omitted in the figures. Wherein, the reflection coefficient of each port is below-20 dB in the working frequency band as shown in figure 3. Fig. 4 shows the coupling degree between the input port and each output port, and the frequency sensitivity at 5 output ports is ±0.5dB or less. Fig. 5 shows the isolation between the output ports, with greater isolation between the output ports, below-20 dB in the operating band. In conclusion, the waveguide power divider has good passband characteristics, reflection characteristics and transmission characteristics in an operating frequency band, and is suitable for a power synthesis amplifying structure.
In this embodiment, there is a phase difference between the output signals of the respective output ports due to the path difference from the input port to the respective output ports. For this purpose, phase matching can be achieved by a phase compensation structure being connected downstream or by adding a diaphragm to part of the channels in front of the output port. As shown in fig. 6, more diaphragms are added to the output port of the main waveguide, so that the phase path of the main waveguide is prolonged greatly; fewer diaphragms are added to the output ports of the first coupling waveguide, so that the phase paths of the diaphragms are prolonged slightly, and the phase of the output signals of each output port is consistent with the phase of the output signals of the output ports of the second coupling waveguide, so that phase compensation is realized.
As shown in FIG. 7, the multi-path waveguide power combiner based on the E-plane porous expansion coupling structure can realize a large-scale multi-path waveguide power combining network through multistage cascade connection. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage cascade structure of a waveguide power combiner according to the present invention, in this embodiment, 5 waveguide power combiners are stacked into a two-dimensional waveguide power combining network having 25 output ports, and are fed with power by a one-dimensional 5-way power combiner, after the five output ports, the five output ports are respectively connected to input ports of the same 5-way power combiner, and the multistage waveguide power splitters are connected through a twisted waveguide 7 to meet space requirements. The power division structure of the 25-path output waveguide formed by the two-stage cascade connection is shown in figure 7.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications should also be considered as the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The multi-path waveguide power synthesizer based on the E-plane porous expansion coupling structure is characterized by comprising a main path waveguide, coupling waveguides and porous coupling structures thereof, wherein the coupling waveguides are expanded outwards along the main path waveguide E in a mode of being symmetrical about the center of the main path waveguide to form 2N+1 waveguide parallel coupling structures, N is the number of the coupling waveguides distributed on one side of the main path waveguide, the porous coupling structures are symmetrical about the center of the main path waveguide, each porous coupling structure comprises at least m apertures which are symmetrical about the center of the porous coupling structure, m is more than or equal to 3, porous coupling structures are connected between every two adjacent waveguides, the length of the aperture in each porous coupling structure is the same as the width of any waveguide, the width of the aperture in the same porous coupling structure is increased along the outwards along the main path waveguide E along the coupling waveguide E, the distance between the apertures in the same porous coupling structure is reduced along the outwards along the main path waveguide E, one side port of the main path waveguide is an input port, all coupling waveguide ports on the same side of the input port are inserted with a wedge load, and the other side port of all waveguides is an output port.
2. The multi-channel waveguide power combiner based on the E-plane porous expansion coupling structure of claim 1, wherein each output port is attached with a diaphragm for phase compensation.
3. A two-dimensional waveguide power combining network formed by stacking N multi-path waveguide power combiners based on E-plane porous expansion coupling structures as claimed in claim 1 on E-plane with (2n+1) 2 And the input ports of the multi-path waveguide power combiner based on the E-plane porous expansion coupling structure form the input ports of the two-dimensional waveguide power combining network.
4. A two-dimensional waveguide power combining network according to claim 3, characterized in that the input port of the two-dimensional waveguide power combining network is connected to the output of a one-dimensional multi-way waveguide power combiner by means of twisted waveguides.
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699652A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2010-04-28 | 华南理工大学 | Symmetrical coupling wave-guided wave power synthesis amplifier |
| CN101958451A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-01-26 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Waveguide type integrated multipath power divider |
| CN106299554A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 电子科技大学 | Wideband rectangular waveguide TEn, 0 mode exciter |
| CN106921015A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-04 | 重庆邮电大学 | The road power splitter of branch line electric bridge Terahertz four |
| CN206388835U (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-08-08 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | 16 road waveguide power dividers of E faces guide directional coupler and the application coupler |
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- 2022-03-22 CN CN202210285445.3A patent/CN114784476B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699652A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2010-04-28 | 华南理工大学 | Symmetrical coupling wave-guided wave power synthesis amplifier |
| CN101958451A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-01-26 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Waveguide type integrated multipath power divider |
| CN106299554A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 电子科技大学 | Wideband rectangular waveguide TEn, 0 mode exciter |
| CN206388835U (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-08-08 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | 16 road waveguide power dividers of E faces guide directional coupler and the application coupler |
| CN106921015A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-04 | 重庆邮电大学 | The road power splitter of branch line electric bridge Terahertz four |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 高功率1分32路功率分配网络的设计;门满洲;李相强;张健穹;刘庆想;;电子元件与材料(07);第45-49页 * |
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