CN114031550A - 一种紫精配位化合物晶体作为光致变色材料的应用 - Google Patents
一种紫精配位化合物晶体作为光致变色材料的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种紫精配位化合物晶体作为光致变色材料的应用,该紫精配位化合物晶体的结构式如式(I)所示:
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新型紫精变色晶体材料的应用,具体涉及基于紫精配体和电子给体分子间的电子转移合成的配位化合物在光致变色和防紫外线防蓝光材料中的应用。
背景技术
近些年来,把化学信息贮存在分子中,从而在分子水平上进行检测,转换为可分析检测的信号越来越引起了研究的兴趣。化学信息类的分析传感材料可以通过颜色的变化、荧光特性、光敏性以及导电性等特性对分析物质进行检测和识别。基于实际情况和我们面临要解决的问题,阳离子配位聚合物材料和二维三维的金属有机框架材料进入了我们的视线,这类材料大体都具有一定尺寸的孔道,是通过金属中心和有机连接配体连接所形成的,同时具有阳离子的位点。由于这类材料特殊的以及新颖的结构特点、以及其在检测过程中的可逆性和可循环利用的优异能力,被越来越多的研究者所合成并进行研究。阳离子配位聚合物作为一种具有传感和检测方面性能优异的材料,可以通过荧光检测或者材料的颜色变化对存储在化合物内部的分析物进行识别和检测,这种能力主要是基于有机配体提供的功能性单元所起到的作用。近些年来,基于一些具有变色性质的有机配体,如哌嗪类,二芳基乙烯类以及紫精阳离子类,所合成的配位聚合物或者金属有机框架材料在光、电和热化学方面的应用已经越来越多。有机配体在配合物性质方面具有真正意义的影响,尤其是作为功能性单元或者位点的引入,这对合成的化合物的功能性以及潜在应用性是具有决定性的,所以有机配体的溶解性、稳定性以及本身的功能性研究者关注的重点。
作为一种令人感兴趣的而且在氧化还原过程中起到作用的有机配体,紫精类阳离子有机配体(V2+,1,1-二取代-4,4-联吡啶)具有可逆的变色性能、缺电子的特性和氧化还原性质。紫精阳离子V2+得到电子给体提供的电子形成紫精阳离子自由基并伴随着肉眼可见的颜色变化。因此对于紫精阳离子配体而言,一个比较令人感兴趣的特性就是源于电子给体和受体之间电子转移过程所形成的变色过程。由于电子转移过程是紫精类化合物的变色的诱导因素,所以影响电子转移的因素已经被深入的探讨,例如化合物结构的空间堆积类型、电子给体和受体距离长短以及相互之间的方向、分子间或者分子内氢键的作用力以及紫精单元对光电热酸碱度的感应能力等。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种紫精配位化合物晶体作为光致变色材料的应用,该化合物可响应紫外光和蓝光,可以作为防紫外线和/或防蓝光材料。
为了实现上述目的,本发明包括如下技术方案:
一种紫精配位化合物晶体作为光致变色材料的应用,该紫精配位化合物晶体的结构式如式(I)所示:
如上所述的应用,其特征在于,所述晶体的晶体学参数如下:分子量为674.61,属于三斜晶系,空间群为P-1,晶胞参数: α(°)=72.060(3),β(°)=77.983(3),γ(°)=81.530(3),Z=1。
如上所述的应用,其特征在于,所述光致变色响应波长范围为200~500nm。
如上的应用,其特征在于,所述紫精配位化合物晶体作为防紫外线和/或防蓝光材料。
另一方面,本发明提供一种防紫外线和/或防蓝光材料,该材料由如式(I)所示紫精配位化合物晶体和光学树脂材料组成。
本发明使用的1,1-二(3-氰基苯基)-4,4-联吡啶二氯(bcnbpy·2Cl)优选采用以下方法制备:
将摩尔比为1∶(2~3)的4,4’-联吡啶和3-氯甲基苯甲酸加入到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,在N2气的保护条件下,在110~130℃的温度条件下加热回流6~10后,然后冷却至室温过滤得到黄色沉淀,并用热DMF溶液洗涤三次,然后用乙醇洗涤三次,在60~80℃的条件下真空干燥10~15h;用体积比1∶(1~2)的甲醇和去离子水溶液重结晶后得到纯度较高的bcnbpy·2Cl紫精化合物。
本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)本发明的多功能紫精配位化合物晶体具备光致变色的性能,在极低浓度下可以感应不同的光源,如紫外光和蓝光,变色速度快。
(2)本发明的多功能紫精配位化合物晶体可以吸收、反射蓝光和紫外线,可以作为防蓝光、紫外线的光学材料。
附图说明
图1为实施例1制备的化合物的不对称结构单元图。
图2为实施例1制备的化合物的堆积图。
图3为实施例1制备的化合物的电子转移图。
图4为实施例1制备的化合物的PXRD图。
图5为实施例1制备的化合物的紫外固体漫反射图。
图6为实施例1制备的化合物的光致变色照片。
具体实施方式
为了使得本发明的目标、技术方案以及优势更加清楚,我们将对本发明的技术方案和测试进行较为详细的描述。显而易见,所描述的实施例仅是本发明中的一部分,而并非所有实施例。
实施例1紫精配位化合物晶体(一)
1.制备紫精化合物1,1-二(3-氰基苯基)-4,4-联吡啶二氯(1,1′-bis(3-cyanobenzyl)-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium chloride,简写为bcnbpy·2Cl)
将4,4’-联吡啶(1.56g,10mmol)和3-氯甲基苯甲氰(3.79g,25mmol)加入到盛有25mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的50mL圆底烧瓶中,在氮气的保护条件下,在110℃的温度条件下加热回流4-8h后,然后冷却至25℃过滤得到黄白色沉淀,并用热DMF溶液洗涤三次,然后用乙醇洗涤三次,在75℃的条件下真空干燥12h。用体积比1∶1的甲醇和去离子水溶液重结晶后得到纯度较高的Bcnbpy·2Cl紫精化合物。氢谱和碳谱核磁数据如下:1H-NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ=5.96(s,4H),7.61(t,J=18Hz,2H),7.75(d,J=6Hz,2H),7.82(d,J=6Hz,4H),8.51(d,J=6Hz,4H),9.11(d,J=6Hz,4H);13C-NMR(600MHz,D2O):δ=63.1,112.5,118.2,127.4,130.5,132.9,133.5,134.0,145.8,190.5.
2.制备紫精配位化合物晶体[(BTC)(bcnbpy)2Cl]·2H2O
将均苯四甲酸(50.8mg,0.2mmol)和bcnbpy·2Cl(45.9mg,0.1mmol)溶于2ml去离子水和4ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶液中,并通过搅拌溶解。将溶解后的溶液置于20ml的聚四氟乙烯内衬中,通过溶剂热的方法进行合成,90℃恒温4d后,冷却至室温,用去离子水洗涤然后得到橙黄色块状晶体,即为紫精配位化合物晶体,产率为73%。
3.晶体检测
(1)X射线单晶衍射
对于步骤2获得的产物,在Gemini R Ultra diffractometer衍射仪上,用Oxford衍射法,在296K条件下,并且使用多重扫描技术(multi-scan)进行吸收校正,以石墨单色器的Mo-Kα射线为辐射源收集得到了晶体数据。它的晶体结构是利用SHELXTL-2014和Olex2程序进行晶体解析。对化合物中所有非氢原子的热参数进行了各向异性精修,并对紫精配体上的氢原子进行了位置固定。测得晶体学参数如下:分子量为674.61,属于三斜晶系,空间群为P-1,晶胞参数:α(°)=72.060(3),β(°)=77.983(3),γ(°)=81.530(3),Z=1。其晶体结构学数据如表1所示。
表1
Table 1 Crystal data and structure refinement for 1.
图1为化合物的不对称结构单元图,图2为化合物的电子转移图,可以确定化合物的结构式如下:
(2)紫外固体漫反射
图3为化合物的紫外固体漫反射图,该测试结果表明,化合物对紫外光和蓝光都有快速响应,通过光诱导电子转移生成了响应的紫精自由基,变色过程是电子转移的过程,化合物的结构几乎没有发生改变。
(3)粉末X射线衍射
图4为化合物的PXRD图,证明了化合物在蓝光和UV照射发生变色后的稳定性,从图中可以看出化合物在光照后的PXRD几乎没有变化,这说明了化合物的变色响应是通过自由基的生成改变了化合物的颜色,而不是光异构化和光分解的结果导致的。该结果支持这种化合物在光学材料方面具有潜在的应用前景。
(4)光控荧光图
图5为化合物的光控荧光图,说明无论是在紫外光还是蓝光诱导下,化合物的荧光强度随着照射时间增加,化合物颜色发生变化,荧光强度在下降,而且化合物可以快速发生光响应,在一秒钟内发生荧光变化,这种快速响应材料适合作为光控荧光材料进行应用。
实施例2紫精配位化合物晶体(二)
将均苯四甲酸(76.2mg,0.3mmol)和实施例1制备的bcnbpy·2Cl(45.9mg,0.1mmol)溶于4ml去离子水和4ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶液中,并通过搅拌溶解。将溶解后的溶液置于20ml的聚四氟乙烯内衬中,通过溶剂热的方法进行合成,100℃恒温5d后,冷却至室温,用去离子水洗涤然后得到橙黄色块状晶体,即为紫精配位化合物晶体,产率为75%。元素分析C36 H26 N4O10(%):理论值:C,64.09;H,3.85;N,8.30%。实验值:C,63.88;H,3.88;N,8.27%。
实施例3紫精配位化合物晶体(三)
将均苯四甲酸和实施例1制备的bcnbpy·2C1按照摩尔比3∶1溶于体积比为1∶1去离子水和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶液中,并通过搅拌溶解。将溶解后的溶液置于20ml的聚四氟乙烯内衬中,通过溶剂热的方法进行合成,100℃恒温5d后,冷却至室温,用去离子水洗涤然后得到橙黄色块状晶体,即为紫精配位化合物晶体,产率为75%。元素分析C36H26N4O10(%):理论值:C,64.09;H,3.85;N,8.30%。实验值:C,63.62;H,3.90;N,8.24%。
实验例1光致变色实验
将实施例1制备的紫精化合物用300W的氙灯作为照射光源,分别安装上紫外波段200-400nm和蓝光波段400-480nm的滤光片进行照射,波长分别覆盖为的紫外光和蓝光,辐射强度均为100Lux。
化合物变色前后的照片如图6所示,原始晶体为橙黄色,200-400nm紫外光照射晶体,5秒钟后变为中灰色,去除光源后120分钟颜色复原。用400-480nm蓝光照射晶体,5秒钟后变为驼色,去除光源后90分钟颜色复原,颜色恢复为原颜色后,再次用相应的光源照射还会再次变色,这说明化合物材料的变色具有可逆性。
Claims (5)
3.如权利要求1或2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述光致变色响应波长范围为200~500nm。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述紫精配位化合物晶体作为防紫外线和/或防蓝光材料。
5.一种防紫外线和/或防蓝光材料,其特征在于,该材料由如式(I)所示紫精配位化合物晶体和光学树脂材料组成。
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