CN114031475B - 一种溴单质促进极低剂量钯催化的水相Suzuki偶联反应方法 - Google Patents
一种溴单质促进极低剂量钯催化的水相Suzuki偶联反应方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114031475B CN114031475B CN202111594330.4A CN202111594330A CN114031475B CN 114031475 B CN114031475 B CN 114031475B CN 202111594330 A CN202111594330 A CN 202111594330A CN 114031475 B CN114031475 B CN 114031475B
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- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001543 aryl boronic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical group [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 aryl boric acid Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium methoxide Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LZWQNOHZMQIFBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropan-2-olate Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LZWQNOHZMQIFBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006161 Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006880 cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZBTMRBYMKUEVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 ZBTMRBYMKUEVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000005347 biaryls Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- BIWQNIMLAISTBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(B(O)O)C=C1 BIWQNIMLAISTBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYECURVXVYPVAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-bromophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 WYECURVXVYPVAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical class OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VRTWBAAJJOHBQU-KMWAZVGDSA-N ledipasvir Chemical compound COC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N([C@@H](C1)C=2NC(=CN=2)C=2C=C3C(F)(F)C4=CC(=CC=C4C3=CC=2)C=2C=C3NC(=NC3=CC=2)[C@H]2N([C@@H]3CC[C@H]2C3)C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)OC)C(C)C)CC21CC2 VRTWBAAJJOHBQU-KMWAZVGDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002461 ledipasvir Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CYPYTURSJDMMMP-WVCUSYJESA-N (1e,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].[Pd].C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 CYPYTURSJDMMMP-WVCUSYJESA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKSZBOKPHAQOMP-SVLSSHOZSA-N (1e,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 UKSZBOKPHAQOMP-SVLSSHOZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RULQUTYJXDLRFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC(B(O)O)=CC(OC)=C1OC RULQUTYJXDLRFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CAYQIZIAYYNFCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-chlorophenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 CAYQIZIAYYNFCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNJYZNVROSZZQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-tert-butylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(B(O)O)C=C1 MNJYZNVROSZZQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRPZMSUGPMYBCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-trimethylsilylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C1=CC=C(B(O)O)C=C1 NRPZMSUGPMYBCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLDWAJLZAAHOGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-3-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1 PLDWAJLZAAHOGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZFGOTFRPZRKDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 GZFGOTFRPZRKDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001361 allenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940035676 analgesics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000730 antalgic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002220 antihypertensive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127088 antihypertensive drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001502 aryl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001503 aryl iodides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010504 bond cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000080 chela (arthropods) Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NXQGGXCHGDYOHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L cyclopenta-1,4-dien-1-yl(diphenyl)phosphane;dichloropalladium;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].Cl[Pd]Cl.[CH-]1C=CC(P(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1.[CH-]1C=CC(P(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 NXQGGXCHGDYOHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YNHIGQDRGKUECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloropalladium;triphenylphosphanium Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl.C1=CC=CC=C1[PH+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1[PH+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YNHIGQDRGKUECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SYTBZMRGLBWNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N flurbiprofen Chemical compound FC1=CC(C(C(O)=O)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SYTBZMRGLBWNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002390 flurbiprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000010710 hepatitis C virus infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PBDBXAQKXCXZCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F PBDBXAQKXCXZCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VUYVXCJTTQJVKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);tricyclohexylphosphane;dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl.C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1.C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 VUYVXCJTTQJVKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L palladium(ii) acetylacetonate Chemical compound [Pd+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010651 palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006478 transmetalation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B37/00—Reactions without formation or introduction of functional groups containing hetero atoms, involving either the formation of a carbon-to-carbon bond between two carbon atoms not directly linked already or the disconnection of two directly linked carbon atoms
- C07B37/04—Substitution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/32—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero-atoms other than or in addition to oxygen or halogen
- C07C1/321—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero-atoms other than or in addition to oxygen or halogen the hetero-atom being a non-metal atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/11—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms
- C07C37/18—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms by condensation involving halogen atoms of halogenated compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/30—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by increasing the number of carbon atoms, e.g. by oligomerisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/0825—Preparations of compounds not comprising Si-Si or Si-cyano linkages
- C07F7/083—Syntheses without formation of a Si-C bond
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种溴单质促进极低剂量钯催化的水相Suzuki偶联反应方法,是以溴代芳烃和芳基硼酸为原料,纯水为溶剂,在碱、极低剂量催化剂存在下,添加溴单质即可以较高收率实现Suzuki偶联。本发明具有绿色安全、成本较低、操作简单、收率较高等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种溴单质促进极低剂量钯催化的水相Suzuki偶联反应方法,在溴单质的促进作用下溴代芳烃和芳基硼酸发生Suzuki偶联合成联苯类化合物,属于有机合成领域。
背景技术
联芳基化合物是一类重要的结构基序,在医药、农药、功能性材料中有着重要的应用。常见的含有联苯结构的药物有抗高血压药沙坦联苯、消炎镇痛药氟比洛芬、以及治疗丙型肝炎病毒感染的药物雷迪帕韦等。
1979年,铃木章报道了在钯的催化下,芳基或烯基硼酸或硼酸酯与氯、溴、碘代芳烃或烯烃发生交叉偶联反应,即著名的Suzuki偶联反应[1]。该反应凭借其温和的反应条件、良好的官能团耐受性以及优异的产率一直是构建联芳基化合物的最重要的手段。因此,钯催化的铃木偶联反应在天然产物合成、医药、农药等领域有着广泛的应用。
迄今为止,绝大多数的Suzuki偶联反应使用的是金属钯作为催化剂,然而,金属钯昂贵的价格以及较强的毒性阻碍了该偶联反应在许多场合的应用。为了替代价格昂贵的钯,目前已经报道了许多其他金属催化的Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应,如Ni、Fe、Co、Cu等[2]。然而,这些过渡金属的使用仍然容易造成金属残留毒性和对环境的污染。为了响应绿色化学的号召、减少有害物质的释放,近年来,安全、价廉的反应介质-水被开发用于替代传统的有机溶剂实现Suzuki偶联。然而,大多数以水为介质的Suzuki反应依赖于较高催化量的贵金属催化剂的使用或微波、纳米材料负载等操作[3]。
参考文献:
[1]Miyaura,N.&Suzuki,A.Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactionsof organoboron compounds.Chem.Rev.95,2457–2483(1995)
[2](a)Mastalir,M.,Stoger,B.,Pittenauer,E.,Allmaier,G.&Kirchner,K.Air-stable triazine-based Ni(ii)PNP pincer complexes as catalysts for the Suzuki–Miyauracross-coupling.Org.Lett.18,3186–3189(2016).(b)Shi,S.,Meng,G.&Szostak,M.Synthesis of biaryls through nickel-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling ofamides by carbon–nitrogen bond cleavage.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.55,6959–6963(2016).(c)Malapit,C.A.,Bour,J.R.,Brigham,C.E.&Sanford,M.S.Base-free nickel-catalyseddecarbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of acid fuorides.Nature 563,100–104(2018).(d)Tellis,J.C.,Primer,D.N.&Molander,G.A.Single-electrontransmetalation in organoboron cross-coupling by photoredox/nickel dualcatalysis.Science 345,433–436(2014).(e) Zhou,Y.,You,W.,Smith,K.B.&Brown,M.K.Copper-catalyzed cross coupling of boronic esters with aryl iodides andapplication to the carboboration of alkynes and allenes.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.53,3475–3479(2014).
(f)Asghar,S.,Tailor,S.B.,Elorriaga,D.&Bedford,R.B.Cobalt-catalyzedSuzuki biaryl coupling of aryl halides.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.56,16367–16370(2017).(g)Brien,H.M.O.Iron-catalysed substrate-directed Suzuki biaryl cross-coupling.Nat.Catal.1,429–437(2018).
[3](a)Handa,S.,Wang,Y.,Gallou,F.&Lipshutz,B.H.Sustainable Fe–ppmPdnanoparticle catalysis of Suzuki–Miyaura cross-couplings in water.Science349,1087–1091(2015).(b)Bai L,Wang J X,Microwave-promoted Palladium CatalyzedSuzuki Cross-coupling reaction in Water,Chin. Chem.Lett.15,286–287(2004).
发明内容
本发明针对现有合成方法的不足,提供了一种溴单质促进极低剂量钯催化的水相Suzuki 偶联反应方法,仅需使用极低剂量商业可得的钯源,即可以较高的收率实现偶联反应,极大地减少了金属残留毒性和催化剂成本,避免了有机溶剂的使用,具有绿色安全、稳定高效的优点。本方法具有绿色安全、稳定高效、操作简单、收率较高等优点。
本发明溴单质促进极低剂量钯催化的水相Suzuki偶联反应方法,以溴代芳烃和芳基硼酸为原料,以纯水为溶剂,在碱、极低剂量催化剂存在下添加溴单质即可以较高产率实现Suzuki 偶联,分离提纯后得到联苯化合物。
具体是将液溴在氩气保护条件下溶于溶剂中,在溴代芳烃、芳基硼酸、催化剂、碱的存在下进行反应,反应结束后分离提纯得到目标产物。
所述溴代芳烃的结构式为:
其中:R为Me、OMe、CN、Ac等。
所述芳基硼酸的结构式为:
其中:R′为Me、Si(Me)3、t-Bu、Cl等;
所述芳基硼酸的添加量为溴代芳烃的1-3倍当量。
所述催化剂为双三苯基磷二氯化钯、氯化钯、双(二亚苄基丙酮)钯、[1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯化钯、醋酸钯、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯、二(乙酰丙酮)钯、二氯二(三环己基膦)钯、四(三苯基膦)钯、三氟乙酸钯中的至少一种,催化剂的添加量为溴代芳烃的5ppm-500ppm倍当量。
所述碱为叔丁基醇钾、叔丁基醇锂、叔丁基醇钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、三乙胺、吡啶、甲醇锂、甲醇钠、碳酸铯、碳酸钾中的至少一种,添加量为溴代芳烃的1-4倍当量。
所述液溴的添加量为溴代芳烃的0.05-0.5倍当量。
本发明合成方法的反应温度为60-150℃,反应时间为6-12h;进一步优选反应温度为 110℃。
所述分离提纯是向反应液中加入水,用乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,最后利用旋蒸除去溶剂,通过柱层析分离纯化,即可得到目标产物。
柱层析分离纯化时的洗脱液为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=20:1~100:1,v/v。
本发明反应路线如下所示:
本发明的有益效果体现在:
1、本发明的合成方法绿色安全、成本较低、操作简单、易于后处理。
2、本发明的合成方法底物适用性广,产率比较高,副产物比较少,能兼容多种官能团。
具体实施方式
为进一步阐述本发明的特征和优点,下面结合具体的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行描述。但下列实施例仅为了进一步说明本发明,而不是限制本发明。
实施例1:
向装有磁力搅拌子25mL的高压氮保管中,加入原料4-溴苯乙酮(0.2mmol)、苯硼酸(0.3mmol)、碳酸钾(0.8mmol),在氩气保护下加入2.0mL纯水、液溴(0.01mmol)、醋酸钯(2×10-6mmol);将反应管固定于磁力搅拌器上,混合物110℃反应9h后,反应结束;向反应液中加入适量的乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,最后利用旋蒸除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离提纯得到目标产物(1c),收率98%。该化合物的核磁数据为:1H NMR(600MHz, CDCl3)δ8.04(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.71(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.61(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.48(t,J=7.6 Hz,2H),7.41(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),2.65(s,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ197.79,145.78, 139.84,135.82,128.96,128.91,128.23,127.27,127.23,26.68.
实施例2:
向装有磁力搅拌子25mL的高压氮保管中,加入原料3-甲氧基溴苯(0.2mmol)、4-甲基苯硼酸(0.3mmol)、碳酸钾(0.8mmol),在氩气保护下加入2.0mL纯水、液溴(0.02mmol)、醋酸钯(1×10-5mmol);将反应管固定于磁力搅拌器上,混合物110℃反应9h后,反应结束;向反应液中加入适量的乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,最后利用旋蒸除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离提纯得到目标产物(2c),收率79%。该化合物的核磁数据为:1H NMR(400MHz, CDCl3)δ7.37(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.21(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.11(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.05(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.00(s,1H),6.75(dd,J=8.0,2.1Hz,1H),3.71(s,3H),2.26(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz, CDCl3)δ160.07,142.80,138.33,137.27,129.80,129.56,127.12,119.60,112.84,112.48,55.32, 21.18.
实施例3:
向装有磁力搅拌子25mL的高压氮保管中,加入原料3-氰基溴苯(0.2mmol)、1-萘硼酸 (0.3mmol)、碳酸钾(0.8mmol),在氩气保护下加入2.0mL纯水、液溴(0.02mmol)、醋酸钯(1×10-5mmol);将反应管固定于磁力搅拌器上,混合物110℃反应9h后,反应结束;向反应液中加入适量的乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,最后利用旋蒸除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离提纯得到目标产物(3c),收率82%。该化合物的核磁数据为:1H NMR(400MHz, CDCl3)δ7.92(dd,J=11.3,4.7Hz,2H),7.80–7.78(m,1H),7.76–7.71(m,3H),7.60(dd,J=11.5,4.0Hz,1H),7.56–7.50(m,2H),7.47(ddd,J=8.3,6.8,1.5Hz,1H),7.38(dd,J=7.1,1.2Hz,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ142.14,137.76,134.58,133.88,133.57,131.21,131.01,129.27,128.78,128.63,127.24,126.75,126.25,125.44,125.22,118.90,112.69.
实施例4:
向装有磁力搅拌子25mL的高压氮保管中,加入原料对溴甲苯(0.2mmol)、4-三甲硅基苯硼酸(0.3mmol)、碳酸钾(0.8mmol),在氩气保护下加入2.0mL纯水、液溴(0.01mmol)、醋酸钯(4×10-6mmol);将反应管固定于磁力搅拌器上,混合物110℃反应9h后,反应结束;向反应液中加入适量的乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,最后利用旋蒸除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离提纯得到目标产物(4c),收率85%。该化合物的核磁数据为:1H NMR(600MHz, CDCl3)δ7.62(m,4H),7.53(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.27(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),2.41(s,3H),0.34(s, 9H).13CNMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ141.54,138.84,138.30,137.07,133.77,129.49,127.01,126.31,21.11,-1.05.
实施例5:
向装有磁力搅拌子25mL的高压氮保管中,加入原料4-溴苯乙酮(0.2mmol)、4-氯苯硼酸(0.3mmol)、碳酸钾(0.8mmol),在氩气保护下加入2.0mL纯水、液溴(0.02mmol)、醋酸钯(2×10-6mmol);将反应管固定于磁力搅拌器上,混合物110℃反应9h后,反应结束;向反应液中加入适量的乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,最后利用旋蒸除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离提纯得到目标产物(5c),收率95%。该化合物的核磁数据为:1H NMR(600 MHz,CDCl3)δ8.11–7.96(m,2H),7.68–7.61(m,2H),7.58–7.50(m,2H),7.47–7.39(m,2H), 2.63(s,3H).13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3).δ197.65,144.53,138.38,136.20,134.54,129.23,129.08,128.58,127.14,26.73.
实施例6:
向装有磁力搅拌子25mL的高压氮保管中,加入原料对溴苯酚(0.2mmol)、4-甲基苯硼酸(0.3mmol)、碳酸钾(0.8mmol),在氩气保护下加入2.0mL纯水、液溴(0.02mmol)、醋酸钯(1×10-5mmol);将反应管固定于磁力搅拌器上,混合物110℃反应9h后,反应结束;向反应液中加入适量的乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,最后利用旋蒸除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离提纯得到目标产物(6c),收率83%。该化合物的核磁数据为:1H NMR(500 MHz,CDCl3)δ2.36(s,3H),4.93(s,1H),6.61(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.87(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.22(d, J=8.0Hz,1H),7.43(dd,J=8.6,8.53Hz,2H),7.51(d,J=8.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz, CDCl3)δ21.1,115.7,126.4,128.1,129.5,133.7,136.5,137.5,155.4.
实施例7:
向装有磁力搅拌子25mL的高压氮保管中,加入原料对溴甲苯(0.2mmol)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯硼酸(0.3mmol)、碳酸钾(0.8mmol),在氩气保护下加入2.0mL纯水、液溴(0.02mmol)、醋酸钯(2×10-5mmol);将反应管固定于磁力搅拌器上,混合物110℃反应9h后,反应结束;向反应液中加入适量的乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,最后利用旋蒸除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离提纯得到目标产物(7c),收率89%。该化合物的核磁数据为:1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.45(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.24(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.76(s,2H),3.92(s,6H),3.89(s, 3H),2.39(s,3H).13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ153.43,138.50,137.43,137.20,137.11,129.45, 126.93,104.29,60.96,56.18,21.09.
实施例8:
向装有磁力搅拌子25mL的高压氮保管中,加入原料对溴甲苯(0.2mmol)、4-叔丁基苯硼酸(0.3mmol)、碳酸钾(0.8mmol),在氩气保护下加入2.0mL纯水、液溴(0.01mmol)、醋酸钯(1×10-5mmol);将反应管固定于磁力搅拌器上,混合物110℃反应9h后,反应结束;向反应液中加入适量的乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,最后利用旋蒸除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离提纯得到目标产物(8c),收率90%。该化合物的核磁数据为:1HNMR(400MHz, CDCl3)δ7.48(dt,J=14.9,8.4Hz,6H).,7.23(t,J=3.9Hz,2H),2.38(s,3H),1.36(s, 9H).13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ149.93,138.25,138.19,136.68,129.41,126.85,126.59,125.65,34.49,31.38,21.09。
Claims (4)
1.一种溴单质促进极低剂量钯催化的水相Suzuki偶联反应方法,其特征在于:
以溴代芳烃和芳基硼酸为原料,以纯水为溶剂,将液溴在氩气保护条件下溶于溶剂中,在溴代芳烃、芳基硼酸、催化剂、碱的存在下进行反应,反应温度为60-150℃,反应时间为6-12h,反应结束后分离提纯得到目标产物;
反应路线如下所示:
其中:R为Me、OMe、CN或Ac;R′为Me、Si(Me)3、t-Bu或Cl;
所述芳基硼酸的添加量为溴代芳烃的1-3倍当量;
所述催化剂为醋酸钯,催化剂的添加量为溴代芳烃的5ppm-500ppm倍当量;
所述液溴的添加量为溴代芳烃的0.05-0.5倍当量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
所述碱为叔丁基醇钾、叔丁基醇锂、叔丁基醇钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、三乙胺、吡啶、甲醇锂、甲醇钠、碳酸铯、碳酸钾中的至少一种,添加量为溴代芳烃的1-4倍当量。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
所述分离提纯是向反应液中加入水,用乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,最后利用旋蒸除去溶剂,通过柱层析分离纯化,即可得到目标产物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于:
柱层析分离纯化时的洗脱液为石油醚:乙酸乙酯=20:1~100:1,v/v。
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Br2促进的低负载钯催化的水相Suzuki偶联反应研究;刘赴粤;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》(第06期);1-139 * |
Iodine-Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Performed in Air;Jincheng Mao 等;《Adv. Synth. Catal.》;第351卷;第635页摘要以及第637页表1 * |
Nickel(0) powder catalysis in Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction;Chan Sik Cho 等;《Catalysis Communications》;第11卷;第191–195页 * |
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