CN114011869A - Heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method and soil excavation device - Google Patents
Heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method and soil excavation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114011869A CN114011869A CN202111211354.7A CN202111211354A CN114011869A CN 114011869 A CN114011869 A CN 114011869A CN 202111211354 A CN202111211354 A CN 202111211354A CN 114011869 A CN114011869 A CN 114011869A
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B1/00—Hand tools
- A01B1/06—Hoes; Hand cultivators
- A01B1/14—Hoes; Hand cultivators with teeth only
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil pollution remediation, in particular to a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method and an excavating device, which have important effects on improving soil and improving plant quality through deep ploughing and mixing of soil, improve the structure of the soil, enhance the air permeability, water retention and fertilizer retention of the soil and create good conditions for the growth of plants; the contaminated soil is mixed with soil heavy metal remediation agents such as cement, silicate, fly ash and the like according to a certain proportion to form a solid mixture with low permeability and high strength; so as to play a role in solidifying heavy metals; the soil solidified by the soil heavy metal restoration agent has strong impermeability, freeze thawing resistance, compressive resistance and self-restoration property, and the adoption of the soil digging device is beneficial to a user to quickly and conveniently dig and deeply turn the polluted soil in a soil area to be restored; can meet the requirements of users and has high practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil pollution remediation, in particular to a heavy metal polluted soil remediation method and a soil excavating device.
Background
The soil is a complex biological geochemical substance on the surface of the earth, is a dynamic ecosystem formed by the comprehensive action of factors such as climate, terrain, biology, time, mother substance, human activities and the like, and has the greatest characteristic of providing the fertility required by plant growth. As an important component of the earth ecosystem, soil is not only interconnected and restricted with the atmosphere, water, and organisms, but also closely related to the production life of human beings, and plays an important role in maintaining ecological balance and protecting the environment. In recent years, with the development of social economy, people pursue economic benefits one by one, improper industrial and agricultural production activities are carried out, so that the heavy metal content in soil exceeds the standard, the problem of soil environmental pollution is increasingly serious, the quality of agricultural products required by people is not high, and the harm is caused to the health of human bodies. The heavy metal elements causing soil pollution mainly comprise Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, As, Zn, Cu, Ni and other elements. The characteristics of heavy metal pollution of soil, such as latency, concealment, long degradation time, serious pollution consequences, difficult restoration, wide pollution area and the like, are similar to those of water pollution and atmospheric pollution.
According to related reports, 2000 kilohm 2 cultivated land in China is polluted by heavy metals such as cadmium and lead, grain yield reduction caused by heavy metal pollution in the country reaches 10 hundred million tons per year, and economic loss caused by heavy metal pollution reaches more than 200 hundred million yuan. The phenomenon of soil pollution is so serious that troubles are caused to the sustainable development of human society and economy, and the adoption of high-efficiency scientific remediation technology to treat the soil polluted by heavy metal becomes a hotspot of people in all circles of the current society. The remediation of the heavy metal pollution of the soil refers to the elimination or fixation of the heavy metal from the soil body by physical, chemical or biological methods and the like so as to reduce the effectiveness of the heavy metal and further reduce the risk of harm to the environment and the health of human bodies. Therefore, starting from the source of heavy metal pollution of soil, successful experiences and methods for soil remediation at home and abroad and the current research and technical progress are briefly described, and the direction for soil remediation to be developed in the future is provided according to the advantages and disadvantages of the methods, so as to provide an economic, scientific and efficient reference method for soil remediation and sustainable development in China.
Compared with water and air pollution, soil pollution is more concealed, lagged and irreversible, so that the situation that the steps are accelerated along with ecological civilization construction, the soil pollution is prevented and controlled, and the soil remediation is accelerated becomes great trend. How to effectively treat the heavy metal pollution of the soil has important significance on the safety of agricultural products and the healthy development of human beings; therefore, research and improvement on the remediation of the heavy metal contaminated soil are necessary; in order to solve the above problems, the present invention is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method to solve at least one of the above defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil, comprising:
s1, enclosing the soil to be restored by a fence to form a soil area to be restored, chiseling the polluted soil of the soil area to be restored into loose soil by a soil digging device, deeply ploughing and mixing the loose soil, and adding fertilizers to make up nutrients reduced by deep ploughing;
s2, adding a proper amount of pollution-free clean soil to the surface layer of the polluted soil in the S1, and uniformly mixing the pollution-free clean soil and the surface layer of the polluted soil; s3, mixing the soil heavy metal remediation agent with the polluted soil in the S2 according to a certain proportion to form mixture soil with low permeability; wherein the repairing agent is prepared by mixing cement, silicate and fly ash;
and S4, adding a passivating agent to quickly and uniformly spread the soil in the S3, and purifying the pollutants by utilizing the self-cleaning capacity of the soil.
The invention further improves that the cement, the fly ash and the fly ash comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 10-35% of cement, 15-30% of fly ash and 10-30% of silicate.
The invention further improves that the passivating agent is prepared by mixing silicate and lime components, wherein the weight percentages of the silicate and lime components are as follows: 10-35% of silicate and 5-25% of lime. Can obviously improve the passivation effect on heavy metals in the soil and is beneficial to the restoration and improvement of the soil quality of the soil.
In a further improvement of the present invention, in S2, the contaminated soil and the clean soil without contamination are placed in a stirring device and stirred to be fully mixed.
According to a further improvement of the invention, the stirring time of the stirring device is 2-5 minutes.
The invention further improves the method for reducing the heavy metal pollutants in the polluted soil by the absorption of the zoon.
In a further improvement of the invention, the herd is earthworms which reduce the heavy metal content in the soil through two ways of diffusion and ingestion and have an enrichment effect on the heavy metals. The method has the advantages of thorough removal of pollutants, good effect and difficult generation of secondary pollution.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an earth-moving apparatus for the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method, comprising: a body;
the body comprises a connecting arm, an excavating structure arranged at one end of the connecting arm and connected with the connecting arm, and a handle part arranged at the other end of the connecting arm;
the soil digging structure comprises an L-shaped plate body and a plurality of strip-shaped rod bodies fixed on the plate body; the plate body is used for wrapping a first plate and a second plate vertically connected with the first plate into a whole;
the top of the first plate is vertically fixed with the connecting arm, and the bottom of the first plate is vertically fixed with each rod body; wherein, this second plate is located one side of the body of rod.
In a further improvement of the present invention, the connecting arm is telescopically connected to the handle portion;
the handle part is provided with a connecting column and a handle integrated with the connecting column, and the connecting column is sleeved on the connecting arm and is in sliding connection with the connecting arm;
the positioning structure comprises a connecting column and a connecting arm, wherein one side of the connecting column is provided with a plurality of positioning holes which are uniformly and vertically arranged at intervals, one side of the connecting arm is provided with a limiting hole corresponding to the positioning holes, and the limiting hole is fixedly connected with the positioning holes of the connecting column through a fastener.
According to the further improvement of the invention, the surface of the first plate is provided with a plurality of raised anti-slip blocks which are uniformly distributed; the connecting arm and the handle are both sleeved with anti-skidding sleeves.
According to the further improvement of the invention, a waterproof film fixing adhesive back adhesive is arranged on the soil pollution remediation body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the method for restoring the heavy metal contaminated soil plays an important role in improving the soil and improving the plant quality through deep ploughing and mixing of the soil, can improve the structure of the soil, enhances the air permeability, the water retention and the fertilizer retention of the soil, and creates good conditions for the growth of plants; and can promote the growth of root systems; the contaminated soil is mixed with soil heavy metal remediation agents such as cement, silicate, fly ash and the like according to a certain proportion to form a solid mixture with low permeability and high strength; so as to play a role in solidifying heavy metals; the soil solidified by the soil heavy metal restoration agent has stronger impermeability, freeze thawing resistance, compressive resistance and self-restoration property, has good complexing and solidifying effects on heavy metal ions, is not easy to seep out, is uniformly dispersed with the soil, and has good integral solidification effect.
By adopting the soil excavating device, a user can conveniently and quickly excavate the polluted soil in the soil area to be restored and deeply turn the polluted soil, and the soil excavating device has the characteristics of simple and reasonable structure and convenient use; can meet the requirements of users and has high practical value.
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments in the following description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an overall structure of an excavating device according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a body; 11. a connecting arm; 12. excavating a soil structure; 121. a plate body; 122. a first plate; 123. a second plate; 124. a rod body; 13. a handle portion; 131. connecting columns; 132. a handle; 133. positioning holes; 134. a limiting hole; 135. a fastener; 136. anti-skid blocks; 137. an anti-slip sleeve.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in more detail below with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and the examples are illustrative and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For process parameters or conditions not specifically mentioned, it can be carried out with reference to conventional techniques.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the technical solution adopted by the present embodiment is as follows: a heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method, the method comprising: s1, enclosing the soil to be restored by a fence to form a soil area to be restored, chiseling the polluted soil of the soil area to be restored into loose soil by a soil digging device, deeply ploughing and mixing the loose soil, and adding fertilizers to make up nutrients reduced by deep ploughing; thereby reducing the content of the pollutants on the surface layer of the soil, being beneficial to the roots of the plants to absorb oxygen and carrying out respiration, and the released energy can be used for the roots to absorb inorganic salt in the soil, thereby being beneficial to the growth of the plants.
The soil deep ploughing mixing has important effects of improving soil and improving plant quality, can improve soil structure, enhances soil air permeability, water retention and fertilizer retention, and creates good conditions for plant growth.
In addition, the soil is improved after the soil is deeply ploughed and mixed, so that the root system can grow well, and the growth of the plant roots of the overground part is further promoted; and the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests and weeds is reduced.
S2, adding a proper amount of pollution-free clean soil to the surface layer of the polluted soil in the S1, and uniformly mixing the pollution-free clean soil and the surface layer of the polluted soil; in S2, placing the polluted soil and the pollution-free clean soil into a stirring device for stirring, so that the polluted soil and the pollution-free clean soil are fully mixed; the stirring time of the stirring device is 2-5 minutes. Therefore, the time is saved, the efficiency of workers is improved, and the stirring and mixing are more sufficient. It should be noted that the stirring device may be a commercially available soil stirring device, and the specific stirring operation principle is well known to those skilled in the art, and is not described herein again.
S3, mixing the soil heavy metal remediation agent with the polluted soil in the S2 according to a certain proportion to form mixture soil with low permeability; wherein the repairing agent is prepared by mixing cement, silicate and fly ash; the cement, the fly ash and the fly ash comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 10-35% of cement, 15-30% of fly ash and 10-30% of silicate. The contaminated soil is mixed with soil heavy metal remediation agents such as cement, silicate, fly ash and the like according to a certain proportion to form a solid mixture with low permeability and high strength; so as to play a role in solidifying heavy metals; the soil solidified by the soil heavy metal restoration agent has stronger impermeability, freeze thawing resistance, compressive resistance and self-restoration property, has good complexing and solidifying effects on heavy metal ions, is not easy to seep out, is uniformly dispersed with the soil, and has good integral solidification effect.
S4, adding a passivator to enable the passivator to be rapidly and uniformly diffused on the soil in the S3, and purifying pollutants by using the self-cleaning capacity of the soil; the passivating agent is prepared by mixing silicate and lime components, wherein the silicate and lime components comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 10-35% of silicate and 5-25% of lime. The soil heavy metal pollution degree can be effectively reduced, the soil structure is improved, and the soil fertility is improved through the passivator; can obviously improve the passivation effect on heavy metals in the soil and is beneficial to the restoration and improvement of the soil quality of the soil.
Reducing heavy metal pollutants in the polluted soil through the absorption of the zoon; the fauna is earthworms, reduces the content of heavy metals in soil through two ways of diffusion and ingestion, has an enrichment effect on the heavy metals, and thus has a good effect on removing pollutants.
The excavating device comprises a body 1; the body 1 comprises a connecting arm 11, an excavating structure 12 arranged at one end of the connecting arm 11 and connected with the connecting arm, and a handle part 13 arranged at the other end of the connecting arm 11; the excavating structure 12 includes an L-shaped plate body 121 and a plurality of bar-shaped rods 124 fixed on the plate body 121; specifically, the side surface of the plate body 121 is L-shaped; the plate body 121 is wrapped by a first plate 122 and a second plate 123 vertically connected with the first plate 122 into a whole; the top of the first plate 122 is vertically fixed with the connecting arm 11, and the bottom of the first plate 122 is vertically fixed with each rod 124; wherein, the second plate 123 is located at one side of the rod 124; the rods 124 are all arranged on the plate 121 at intervals, and the ends of the rods 124 have spikes for penetrating into soil.
Specifically, the soil excavating structure 12 facilitates a user to quickly excavate and deeply dig the contaminated soil in the soil area to be restored, when the soil excavating structure is used, the rod body 124 of the soil excavating structure 12 is inserted into the contaminated soil in the soil area to be restored, so that the soil is in a loose state, and meanwhile, the loosened soil is deeply excavated through the second plate 123; and first plate 122 can act as the running-board and use to be convenient for the user to insert the depths of polluting soil with body of rod 124, and then, have bellied a plurality of evenly distributed's non slipping spur 136 on the surface of first plate 122, thereby prevent the user's the foot condition of skidding, simultaneously, through the non slipping cover 137 that establishes respectively on linking arm 11 and the handle 132, can prevent that the user from the condition that the hand skidded appearing in the in-process of operation, and improved and gripped and felt, thereby promoted the practicality.
The connecting arm 11 is telescopically connected with the handle part 13; the connecting arm 11 is a hollow connecting arm 11, the handle part 13 is provided with a connecting column 131 and a handle 132 integrated with the connecting column 131, and the connecting column 131 is sleeved on the connecting arm 11 and is in sliding connection with the connecting arm; wherein, one side of the connecting column 131 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 133 which are uniformly and vertically arranged at intervals, one side of the connecting arm 11 is provided with a limiting hole 134 corresponding to the positioning holes 133, and the limiting hole 134 is fixedly connected with the positioning holes 133 of the connecting column 131 through a fastener 135; however, the user can adjust the excavator device to a proper length according to the requirement so as to improve the use comfort and the applicability; in use, after the handle portion 13 is adjusted to a suitable length by pulling the handle portion 13 and sliding the handle portion 13 relative to the connecting arm 11, the limiting hole 134 of the connecting arm 11 and the limiting hole 134 of the handle portion 13 are fixed by the fastener 135, and the fixing manner may be a threaded connection manner.
By adopting the soil excavating device, a user can conveniently and quickly excavate the polluted soil in the soil area to be restored and deeply turn the polluted soil, and the operation and the use of the user are convenient; can meet the requirements of users and has high practical value.
In addition, in some embodiments, the contaminated soil can be sealed into a solidified body with a complete structure and a low permeability coefficient or a chemically inactive form by mixing the contaminated soil with a soil heavy metal remediation agent and a stabilizer, so that the toxicity, the solubility and the mobility of pollutants in the environment can be reduced.
However, after the solidifying/stabilizing agent is added into the polluted soil, the existing form of the heavy metal in the soil is changed through the actions of adsorption, precipitation or coprecipitation, ion exchange and the like, the dissolving mobility, leaching toxicity and bioavailability of the heavy metal in the soil environment are reduced, and the harm to animals and plants caused by rainwater leaching or percolation is reduced.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The detachable installation mode has various modes, for example, a mode of matching with a buckle through plugging, for example, a mode of connecting through a bolt, and the like.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention are clearly and completely described above in connection with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, so that the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention can be fully understood. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, all the coupling/connection relationships mentioned herein do not mean that the components are directly connected, but mean that a better coupling structure can be formed by adding or reducing coupling accessories according to specific implementation conditions.
The above embodiments are described in detail for the purpose of further illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and the skilled engineer can make insubstantial modifications and variations of the present invention based on the above disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil, comprising:
s1, enclosing the soil to be restored by a fence to form a soil area to be restored, chiseling the polluted soil of the soil area to be restored into loose soil by a soil digging device, deeply ploughing and mixing the loose soil, and adding fertilizers to make up nutrients reduced by deep ploughing;
s2, adding a proper amount of pollution-free clean soil to the surface layer of the polluted soil in the S1, and uniformly mixing the pollution-free clean soil and the surface layer of the polluted soil;
s3, mixing the soil heavy metal remediation agent with the polluted soil in the S2 according to a certain proportion to form mixture soil with low permeability; wherein the repairing agent is prepared by mixing cement, silicate and fly ash;
and S4, adding a passivating agent to quickly and uniformly spread the soil in the S3, and purifying the pollutants by utilizing the self-cleaning capacity of the soil.
2. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 1, wherein: the cement, the fly ash and the fly ash comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 10-35% of cement, 15-30% of fly ash and 10-30% of silicate.
3. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 1, wherein: the passivating agent is prepared by mixing silicate and lime components, wherein the silicate and lime components comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 10-35% of silicate and 5-25% of lime.
4. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 1, wherein: in S2, the contaminated soil and the clean soil are stirred in a stirring apparatus to mix them thoroughly.
5. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 4, wherein: the stirring time of the stirring device is 2-5 minutes.
6. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 1, wherein: reducing heavy metal pollutants in the polluted soil through the absorption of the zoon.
7. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in claim 6, wherein: the herd of animals is earthworms, which can reduce the content of heavy metals in soil through two ways of diffusion and ingestion and has an enrichment effect on the heavy metals.
8. An earth-moving apparatus for use in the method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil as recited in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: a body;
the body comprises a connecting arm, an excavating structure arranged at one end of the connecting arm and connected with the connecting arm, and a handle part arranged at the other end of the connecting arm;
the soil digging structure comprises an L-shaped plate body and a plurality of strip-shaped rod bodies fixed on the plate body; the plate body is used for wrapping a first plate and a second plate vertically connected with the first plate into a whole;
the top of the first plate is vertically fixed with the connecting arm, and the bottom of the first plate is vertically fixed with each rod body; wherein, this second plate is located one side of the body of rod.
9. An earthmoving apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: the connecting arm is telescopically connected with the handle part;
the handle part is provided with a connecting column and a handle integrated with the connecting column, and the connecting column is sleeved on the connecting arm and is in sliding connection with the connecting arm;
the positioning structure comprises a connecting column and a connecting arm, wherein one side of the connecting column is provided with a plurality of positioning holes which are uniformly and vertically arranged at intervals, one side of the connecting arm is provided with a limiting hole corresponding to the positioning holes, and the limiting hole is fixedly connected with the positioning holes of the connecting column through a fastener.
10. An earthmoving apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that: the surface of the first plate is provided with a plurality of raised anti-skidding blocks which are uniformly distributed; the connecting arm and the handle are both sleeved with anti-skidding sleeves.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111211354.7A CN114011869A (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method and soil excavation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN114574210A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-03 | 杨万成 | Curing agent for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil |
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