CN113994855A

CN113994855A - Application of high-permeability spongy soil in plant maintenance

Info

Publication number: CN113994855A
Application number: CN202111068968.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱丹; 刘智超; 吴凌壹; 刘建; 周一航
Original assignee: Shenzhen Construction Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Construction Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-13
Filing date: 2021-09-13
Publication date: 2022-02-01
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-13
Also published as: CN113994855B

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of high-permeability spongy soil in plant maintenance, which comprises the following steps: wrapping the roots of the plants with soil balls, and wrapping the soil balls with permeable geotextiles to obtain the treated plants; planting the treated plant in high-permeability spongy soil for maintenance; the preparation method of the high-permeability spongy soil comprises the following steps: mixing engineering residue soil, plant fallen leaves and fiber materials, and stirring to obtain mixed soil; and granulating the mixed soil, and adding a curing agent solution in the granulation process to control the granular spongy soil with the particle size of 10-50 mm. According to the invention, the roots of the plants are wrapped with the soil balls, the soil balls are wrapped with a layer of permeable geotextile, and then the soil balls are planted in the high-permeability spongy soil for maintenance, so that the nutrition supply of the plants in a granular soil environment is increased. The soil particles can keep integrity for a longer time due to the adoption of the curing agent for spraying, so that the spongy soil can keep higher permeability integrally for a long time.

Description

Application of high-permeability spongy soil in plant maintenance

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste utilization, in particular to application of high-permeability spongy soil in plant maintenance.

Background

In China, the general engineering muck treatment method is mainly divided into 3 types, namely a natural air drying method, a filtering separation method and a chemical solidification method. Although the natural wind drying method does not need to be provided with equipment, the natural wind drying method occupies a large amount of places, has stronger dependence on weather, needs to reduce the moisture of the muck by means of sun drying, and can make the muck naturally dry in rainy days and cloudy seasons to spend more time. The filtration separation method is mainly used for separating partial moisture in the residue soil through the action of gravity and a filtration mode, so that the transportation is convenient, and the natural air drying period of the residue soil is shortened. However, the two methods can only be calculated as early-stage work of engineering muck treatment, and can not reflect the processes of reduction, harmlessness and recycling of muck. The chemical curing method is relatively practical, and the curing treatment is carried out by adopting additives, wherein the additives mainly comprise cement, lime additives and high-molecular additives. The scheme for adding cement and lime mainly uses an excavator to stir and mix the additive and the muck, so that the water in the soil reacts with the additive, and the water content of the soil is reduced. The method needs several hours of reaction time, has high treatment efficiency, adopts the temporary placement of the residue soil pit, and occupies less space. The processed soil has high strength, and the residue soil can be used for producing building bricks, ceramics and the like, thereby changing waste into valuable. The polymer additive needs to be mixed by a stirring device, and the residue soil loses fluidity by absorbing water in the residue soil and increasing the viscosity of the residue soil, so that the residue soil is improved to be in a state of easy transportation. Because the water content is not changed, the slump is large, and the cement mortar is not suitable for stacking, the cement mortar is often used together with cement and lime additives. Its advantages are high reaction speed, high effect on improving the dregs in high water content in soil-out stage, and high effect on improving the quality of soil. Even if various engineering muck treatment methods exist, the amount of muck in the development and construction projects of large and medium-sized cities in China already accounts for 15-20% of the total amount of urban garbage emission, and most of the engineering muck is not subjected to harmless treatment and resource utilization. This results in the phenomenon of consuming and abandoning the disposal engineering muck, causes comparatively obvious ecological environmental protection problem, mainly embodies in the following aspect: 1) the transportation is difficult in the disposal process, roads are left, and the environment is polluted; 2) the waste of a large amount of resources such as stones, sand, clay and the like in the muck is caused; 3) a large amount of land resources are occupied by arranging a digestion site; 4) may damage the city appearance and deteriorate the city environment.

The transformation of the engineering muck into the spongy soil can improve the recycling efficiency. Generally, the permeability of the spongy soil is not large, and the fermentation action of related enzymes is required to be matched to prevent soil hardening and maintain the permeability of the spongy soil. Nutrient leaching phenomena can also occur in a growth medium taking humus soil as an organic matter, and particularly before plants enter a growth stabilization period, a plurality of research teams find that the leaching problem of total phosphorus and heavy metals exists. For the conversion of the engineering muck into the sponge soil, other methods may need to be selected. Some students granulate the sponginess soil base, so that the permeability of the soil body is increased, but the integrity of the soil particles is difficult to maintain, the permeability of the soil body is greatly reduced due to the loosening of the granular soil along with the passage of time, and the soil body is easy to harden without the assistance of related enzymes. Secondly, the nutrient supply of the plants in the granular soil environment is affected, and the nutrients in the granular soil are difficult to flow out and absorbed by the roots of the plants.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the application of the high-permeability spongy soil in plant maintenance, and aims to solve the problem that the nutrition supply of plants in the granular soil environment is influenced in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the application of high-permeability spongy soil in plant maintenance is characterized in that the application method comprises the following steps:

wrapping the roots of the plants with soil balls, and wrapping the soil balls with permeable geotextiles to obtain the treated plants;

planting the treated plant in high-permeability spongy soil for maintenance;

the preparation method of the high-permeability spongy soil comprises the following steps:

mixing engineering residue soil, plant fallen leaves and fiber materials, and stirring to obtain mixed soil;

and (3) granulating the mixed soil, and adding a curing agent solution in the granulation process to control and obtain granular spongy soil (namely the high-permeability spongy soil) with the particle size of 10-50 mm.

Optionally, the soil ball is the mixed soil or humus soil.

Optionally, the particle size of the soil ball is 100-200 mm.

Optionally, the thickness of the permeable geotextile is 0.5-1.5 mm.

Optionally, the step of mixing the engineering muck, the fallen leaves of the plants and the fiber material and stirring to obtain the mixed soil specifically includes:

respectively and naturally airing the engineering residue soil and the fallen plant leaves after the sand screening treatment for 3-5 days;

crushing the aired engineering muck and the aired plant leaves respectively to obtain engineering muck powder and plant fallen leaf powder;

placing the fiber material in water for foaming treatment to obtain a foamed fiber material;

and mixing the engineering muck powder and the plant fallen leaf powder with the soaked fiber material, and stirring to obtain the mixed soil.

Optionally, the fibrous material is coconut coir or bamboo fiber.

Optionally, when the fiber material is coconut coir, the coconut coir is a coconut coir brick;

or when the fiber material is bamboo fiber, the bamboo fiber is bamboo powder.

Optionally, in the step of mixing the engineering dregs, the fallen plant leaves and the fiber material, the engineering dregs, the fallen plant leaves and the fiber material are mixed according to the following ratio: according to the volume percentage, the engineering residue soil accounts for 50-80% of the total volume, the plant fallen leaves account for 10-25% of the total volume, and the fiber material accounts for 10-25% of the total volume.

Optionally, the curing agent solution is prepared by dissolving a curing agent in a solvent, and the curing agent is carboxymethyl cellulose.

Optionally, the step of performing granulation treatment on the mixed soil and adding a curing agent solution in the granulation treatment process specifically includes:

preparing a curing agent into a curing agent solution with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.3%;

and granulating the mixed soil, and adding the curing agent solution in a spraying mode in the granulating process.

Has the advantages that: according to the invention, the roots of the plants are wrapped with the soil balls, the soil balls are wrapped with a layer of permeable geotextile, and then the soil balls are planted in the high-permeability spongy soil for maintenance, so that the contact area between the roots of the plants and the soil is increased, and more sufficient nutrients are provided for the more important initial growth stage of the plants. In addition, a curing agent is added during the granulation process, which is mainly aimed at maintaining the cohesiveness and stability of the soil particles. Compared with the soil granules granulated by spraying distilled water, the soil granules can keep integrity for a longer time by spraying a curing agent (such as carboxymethyl cellulose) solution, so that the spongy soil can keep the permeability equivalent to that of the initial state on the whole for a long time. In addition, the method has the advantages of easily available raw materials and low cost. Meanwhile, the recycling of wastes is realized, and the development of circular economy is promoted.

Detailed Description

The invention provides application of high-permeability spongy soil in plant maintenance, and the invention is further described in detail below in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The embodiment of the invention provides application of high-permeability spongy soil in plant maintenance, wherein the application method comprises the following steps:

planting the treated plant in high-permeability spongy soil for maintenance;

s1, mixing the engineering muck, the plant fallen leaves and the fiber material, and stirring to obtain mixed soil;

and S2, granulating the mixed soil, and adding a curing agent solution in the granulating process to control the granular spongy soil with the particle size of 10-50 mm.

In the embodiment, the roots of the plants are wrapped by the soil balls, the soil balls are wrapped by a layer of permeable geotextile, and then the soil balls are planted in the high-permeability spongy soil for maintenance, so that the contact area between the roots of the plants and the soil is increased, and sufficient nutrients are provided for the more important initial growth stage of the plants. The permeable geotextile can prevent the soil balls from collapsing, and meanwhile, the growth of plant roots and stems is avoided and the plants are detected outwards.

In the embodiment, the curing agent is odorless, tasteless and nontoxic, is easily dissolved in cold water or hot water, can form a neutral or slightly alkaline transparent solution with a certain viscosity when added into mixed soil, is stable to light and heat, and does not have an obvious inhibiting effect on the growth of plants. The curing agent can be a biological curing agent which can be but is not limited to carboxymethyl cellulose, and the curing agent used can be used as the curing agent applied in the embodiment, and has the advantages of no odor, no toxicity, photo-thermal stability, suitability for plant growth in solution and certain viscosity.

In this example, the curing agent solution added during the granulation process had a suitable viscosity to enhance the cohesiveness and stability of the soil particles. Compared with the soil granules granulated in a pure distilled water environment, the soil granules can keep integrity for a longer time due to the spraying of a curing agent (such as carboxymethyl cellulose), so that the spongy soil can keep the permeability equivalent to that of the initial state for a long time on the whole. In addition, the method has the advantages of easily available raw materials and low cost. Meanwhile, the recycling of wastes is realized, and the development of circular economy is promoted.

In the embodiment, the spongy soil is granular, the particle size of the spongy soil is 10-50 mm, and the spongy soil with the particle size range has the following technical effects: 1) the integrity is good, the hand naturally falls to the ground without being broken, and the hand is not deformed when being lightly pinched; 2) compared with the non-granulated soil, the 10-50 mm granular soil pile can maintain good high-porosity conditions for the spongy soil; 3) the granulation time is proper, and the time consumed by forming the granular soil of 10-50 mm after the mixed soil starts to be granulated is shorter than the time consumed by forming the granular soil after the mixed soil starts to be granulated in a spraying environment.

In one embodiment, the soil ball is the mixed soil or humus soil. Wherein the mixed soil is the mixed soil prepared in the step S1. After the mixed soil is granulated, the root of the plant is exposed to the pores of the soil particles and is not in contact with the soil, and the flowing of the nutrients is limited, so that the soil wrapped by the root of the plant is humus soil or the mixed soil before granulation, so that sufficient nutrients can be supplied to the plant in the early stage, and an environmental foundation is provided for collecting the nutrients around the root of the plant in the later stage.

In one embodiment, the soil ball has a particle size of 100 to 200 mm. Namely, the wrapped soil balls are spherical, the particle size of the soil balls is 100-200 mm, and the excellent permeability of the whole spongy soil is ensured.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the water-permeable geotextile is 0.5-1.5 mm.

In step S1, in one embodiment, the engineering dregs are powder of engineering dregs, the fallen leaves are powder of fallen leaves, and the fiber material is fiber material soaked in water.

In one embodiment, step S1 specifically includes:

In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps of: and (3) naturally drying the crushed engineering muck until the water content is lower than 5 percent in percentage by mass. Namely, after the aired engineering muck is crushed, the crushed engineering muck is naturally air-dried until the moisture content is lower than 5%, and the engineering muck powder is obtained. Specifically, a soil moisture content tester can be adopted to measure the moisture content of the broken engineering muck to be lower than 5%.

In one embodiment, the fibrous material is coconut coir or bamboo fiber, and the like.

In one embodiment, when the fibrous material is coconut coir, the coconut coir is a coconut coir brick. Further, the volume ratio of the components is 1: and 4-5, placing the coconut husk brick in distilled water for foaming treatment. The soaked coconut husk nutrient soil does not bleed, is soft and can be planted.

In one embodiment, when the fiber material is bamboo fiber, the bamboo fiber is bamboo powder.

In one embodiment, in the step of mixing the engineering muck, the fallen plant leaves and the fibrous material, the engineering muck, the fallen plant leaves and the fibrous material are mixed in the following ratio: according to the volume percentage, the engineering residue soil accounts for 50-80% of the total volume, the plant fallen leaves account for 10-25% of the total volume, and the fiber material accounts for 10-25% of the total volume. Wherein the total volume refers to the sum of the volumes of the engineering muck, the plant fallen leaves and the fiber material. By adopting the proportion in the range, parameters such as pH, salt content, organic matters and the like of the spongy soil can meet the requirements of relevant specifications.

In step S2, in one embodiment, the curing agent solution is prepared by dissolving a curing agent in a solvent (such as water), and the curing agent is carboxymethyl cellulose.

In one embodiment, the curing agent solution is added to the mixed soil in a spray form, so that the curing agent solution is more fully contacted with the mixed soil, and the integrity of soil particles is higher.

In one embodiment, the step of performing granulation treatment on the mixed soil and adding the curing agent solution in the granulation treatment process specifically includes:

preparing the curing agent into a curing agent solution with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.3%;

(1) 3L of mixed soil (the amount used in each granulation) is filled into a 10L standard barrel, the 3L of mixed soil is poured into a granulator, and a curing agent solution is filled into an atomizer with the working efficiency of 3000 mL/h;

(2) and starting the granulator, controlling the total granulation time to be 50-65 min, and adding a curing agent solution in the granulation treatment process to control the granular sponge soil with the particle size of 10-50 mm.

In one embodiment, the step of performing granulation treatment on the mixed soil and adding the curing agent solution in the granulation treatment process specifically includes: the granulator is wetted by purified water before granulation, 3L of mixed soil is poured into the granulator, the granulator containing the mixed soil and a 3000mL/h atomizer containing a curing agent solution are simultaneously started, the atomizer is closed after granulation is carried out for 40min, and the granulator is continuously operated for 20 min. The spraying form makes the curing agent solution contact with the mixed soil more fully, the integrity of the formed soil particles is good, the soil particles naturally fall to the ground in hands and are not broken, and the soil particles are not deformed when being lightly kneaded. The amounts of the mixed soil and the curing agent may be adjusted as necessary.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The application of high-permeability spongy soil in plant maintenance is characterized in that the application method comprises the following steps:

planting the treated plant in high-permeability spongy soil for maintenance;

and granulating the mixed soil, and adding a curing agent solution in the granulation process to control the granular spongy soil with the particle size of 10-50 mm.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the soil balls are the said compost or humus soil.

3. The use according to claim 1, wherein the soil balls have a particle size of 100 to 200 mm.

4. The use according to claim 1, wherein the permeable geotextile has a thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

5. The application of claim 1, wherein the step of mixing the engineering waste soil, the plant fallen leaves and the fiber material and stirring to obtain the mixed soil specifically comprises the following steps:

6. Use according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the fibrous material is coconut coir or bamboo fibre.

7. The use according to claim 6, wherein, when the fibrous material is coconut coir, the coconut coir is a coconut coir brick;

or when the fiber material is bamboo fiber, the bamboo fiber is bamboo powder.

8. The use according to claim 1, wherein in the step of mixing the engineering muck, the fallen leaves of the plants and the fibrous material, the engineering muck, the fallen leaves of the plants and the fibrous material are mixed according to the following proportions: according to the volume percentage, the engineering residue soil accounts for 50-80% of the total volume, the plant fallen leaves account for 10-25% of the total volume, and the fiber material accounts for 10-25% of the total volume.

9. The use of claim 1, wherein the curing agent solution is prepared by dissolving a curing agent in a solvent, and the curing agent is carboxymethyl cellulose.

10. The application of claim 1, wherein the step of granulating the mixed soil and adding the curing agent solution in the granulating process comprises: