CN102383533A - Green roof for regulating and controlling aiming at storm rainfall on waterproof roof in city - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a green roof for regulating and controlling aiming at the defects of high radial flow and pollution load yield of a hard roof in a city during rainy days. The green roof consists of a vegetable layer, a plant layer, a filter layer, a drain layer and a waterproof layer, wherein the vegetable layer comprises plants with strong capability of resisting drought stress and controlling nitrogen and phosphorus and is extensively managed; the planting layer is formed by mixing fly ash, porcelain granules and sandy loam or loamy sand; the filter layer comprises geotextile and waste sponge; and the drain layer consists of light filler. The green roof has the following advantages that the planted plants have strong survivability and are simply managed; nutrient substances in the planting layer have low background content, so that the phenomenon that nutrient salts are separate out caused by a leaching action during rainy days is avoided; the filter layer not only has a favorable capability of intercepting the granules, but also has stronger capabilities of absorbing and storing water; the drain layer consists of a waste rod brick and tile sheet, porcelain granules or slag with a certain mechanical strength; the green roof has small density; and in addition, the water quality of a radial flow of the green roof is further ensured by using an adsorption performance of the green roof.

Description

A kind of Green Roof of regulating and control to city waterproof roofing heavy rain runoff yield

Technical field

The invention belongs to urban environment planning, environmental protection and green building technique field, be specifically related to the Green Roof technology.

Background technology

The urbanization paces of constantly accelerating have changed original soil rapidly and have utilized mode, and the waterproof underlying surface in city increases sharply, and management has brought huge challenge to Urban Storm Flood.On the one hand, the rainy day heavy rain washes away the city surface source pollution that causes has become one of important pollution source of Urban Water Environment; On the other hand, the low storm runoff rejection of waterproof underlying surface has been brought immense pressure to urban flood defence.The urban architecture roofing accounts for the 40%-50% of the waterproof underlying surface in city, control well the urban architecture roofing the rainy day runoff yield with produce dirty significant to the Urban Storm Flood management.Green Roof is emerging city surface source pollution control method, often is used as kind of Best Management Practices (Best Management Practices) and uses, and also is the important component part of low influence exploitation (Low Impact Development) technical system.Since the nineties; More domestic metropolis begin to accelerate to build Green Roof; Yet the purpose of popularization often biases toward its landscape value, energy-conservation value etc., and existing design specifications is also only explained aspects such as roof supporting capacity, plant selection, construction technologies; And the pollution control of having ignored Green Roof reduces discharging ability, makes Green Roof rainy day runoff often contain more pollutant.Therefore, need to seek more rational Green Roof construction process.

Disclosed patent documentation has been showed several kinds of construction processs that can improve Green Roof heavy rain rejection, generally is to realize through the mode of adding water-loss reducer or soft-filler.(patent No.: 200610019301.4) proposing with the organic matter is main component, adds controlled availability fertilizer and water-loss reducer and prepares the roof greening material in invention " a kind of roof greening matrix material and preparation method thereof "; Invention " roof greening system and greening method " (application number: 200910063086.1) with the building waste be the hybrid substrate of main material preparation as the plantation layer, be made into scrap fabric and filter the water conservation blanket as filtering the water conservation layer; Invention " a kind of roof greening method " (application number: 200810117261.6) proposed a kind of in light weight, roof greening matrix construction process that water retention is strong.

Also there is following deficiency in prior art aspect the peak regulation pollution control:

(1) pay attention to Green Roof storm runoff subdued the guarantee or the raising of usefulness, ignored runoff water quality:

The optimization of plantation layer often forms through adding organic matter, compost fertilizer or nutritive soil preparation, and this collocation mode inevitably faces because the defective that eluviation causes nutritive salt to be separated out.

(2) use of water-loss reducer or water-retaining resin has increased construction cost:

For guaranteeing that Green Roof also can have enough moisture to keep plant growing in the dry spell, do not adopt the mode of watering to keep the skin wet simultaneously, adding water-loss reducer is means commonly used at present, but this makes construction cost rise to some extent.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to the limitation of Green Roof conventional construction method and the demand of Urban Storm Flood regulation and control; A kind of Green Roof of regulating and control to city waterproof roofing heavy rain runoff yield is proposed; Improvement plantation layer medium optimized the plantation plant, with the remarkable Green Roof storm runoff water quality of improving; Especially the control to dissolubility pollutants such as nitrogen phosphorus is significantly improved, and this is built with very big impetus for the more science that promotes Green Roof.

Technical scheme of the present invention is following:

This Green Roof is made up of vegetable layer, plantation layer, filtration beds, drainage blanket and waterproofing course from top to bottom successively.

Said vegetable layer is made up of the plant that strong, the drought-resistant ability of coercing of survival ability is strong, nitrogen phosphorus control ability is strong, can supply to select plant that sengreens such as aloe, stonecrop, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf are arranged, and mixed planting.Plantation layer thickness 30-50mm is mixed by flyash, haydite (particle diameter 1mm), sandy loam or loamy sand, and each component volume ratio is respectively: flyash accounts for 30-40%, and sandy loam or loamy sand account for 40-50%, and haydite accounts for 10-30%.

Said filtration beds is made up of geotextiles and waste and old furniture sponge or industrial sponge, and sponge is down, and geotextiles is layered on.This filtration beds has replaced traditional sand filter blanket, and the loss of packing layer medium has been avoided in the use of geotextiles, and the use of waste and old sponge has guaranteed the hold back effect of Green Roof to storm runoff.

Said drainage blanket is made up of light filler, thickness 50mm, and packing material size 20-40mm, available light filler has discarded brick tile, haydite, the slag of certain mechanical strength etc. is arranged.

Said waterproofing course mixes waterproof agent by cement mortar to be made, and forms certain slope (1-2%), to prevent roof ponding.

Major advantage of the present invention is following:

1, select for use the plant life ability strong, low to the growth substrate requirement, need not apply fertilizer, management is simple, has avoided because the nutritive salt release that fertilising causes.

2, the plantation layer nutrition content of being selected for use be low, reduced separating out of dissolubility nutritive salt that eluviation causes; The porous media that adds has good pollutant retentivity, has greatly improved Green Roof storm runoff effluent quality, makes Green Roof really play the purpose that purifies rainwater.

3, constructed filtration beds has filtration and water holding dual-use function, has not only increased the Green Roof rainy day storm runoff amount of subduing, and the demand of non-rainy day plant growing to moisture is provided.

4, constructed Green Roof general thickness is low, and used packing density is little, has reduced the bearing load and the construction cost of floor.

5, the Green Roof system has good pollution control reduction of discharging double effects; Not only reduced the runoff generation; Delay the runoff generation time, helped the urban storm runoff and avoid the peak hour, and purified rainwater water quality; Greatly reduced the rainy day of the waterproof roofing in city and produced dirty load, ensured significant for Urban Storm Flood management and urban water-body water quality.

This Green Roof is to the improvement with runoff yield water quality of subduing of rainfall runoff, and with respect to the waterproof roofing in city, Green Roof rainfall runoff water quality is significantly increased, TSS, COD _Cr, TN, TP and NH ₃The play rainfall mean concentration (EMCs) of-N can reduce 60-90%, and the on average rate of subduing of storm runoff is brought up to 50-90%.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the Green Roof structural representation;

Among the figure: 1-vegetable layer 2-plantation layer

3-filtration beds, 4-drainage blanket

5-waterproofing course, 6-gutter.

The specific embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1, during embodiment of the present invention, arrange waterproofing course 5, drainage blanket 4, filtration beds 3, plantation layer 2 and vegetable layer 1 from the bottom up successively.At first former roof is cleaned out, after cement mortar and waterproof agent mixing, be put on and do waterproofing work on the roof, and make 2% the gradient, avoid rainwater stockpiling at roof; After waterproofing course is carried out, with particle diameter 30mm light filler discarded brick tile, haydite or there is the slag etc. of certain mechanical strength to be layered on the waterproofing course, laying depth 50mm, and pick out gutter 6; Install filtration beds then, earlier sponge is completed, on sponge, spread geotextiles again, in order to avoid plantation layer particle stops up sponge filtration beds thickness 40mm; The plantation layer medium that mixes in advance is layered on the geotextiles, and plantation layer medium each component volume ratio is: flyash accounts for 40%, and sandy loam or loamy sand account for 40%, and haydite (particle diameter 1mm) accounts for 20%, laying depth 50mm; Plant plant at last, like aloe, stonecrop, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf etc., planting density 1000-2500 strain/square metre, planting patterns is two or more plant mixed plantings.

Claims (5)

1. one kind is directed against the Green Roof that city waterproof roofing heavy rain runoff yield is regulated and control, and it is characterized in that: said Green Roof is made up of vegetable layer, plantation layer, filtration beds, drainage blanket and waterproofing course from top to bottom successively;

The plant of said vegetable layer is selected from sengreen;

Said plantation layer is mixed by flyash, haydite, sandy loam or loamy sand, and the each component volume ratio is: flyash accounts for 30-40%, and sandy loam or loamy sand account for 40-50%, and haydite accounts for 10-30%;

Said filtration beds is made up of geotextiles and waste and old furniture sponge or industrial sponge, and the shop sponge is spread geotextiles again on sponge earlier;

Said drainage blanket is made up of light filler, packing material size 20-40mm, and light filler is selected from discarded brick tile, haydite and slag;

Said waterproofing course mixes waterproof agent by cement mortar to be made, and forms the gradient of 1-2%.

2. Green Roof according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness 30-50mm of said plantation layer, the particle diameter 1mm of haydite.

3. Green Roof according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the plant of said vegetable layer is selected from stonecrop, aloe, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, mixed planting.

4. Green Roof according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said filtration beds thickness 20-40mm.

5. Green Roof according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said drainage blanket thickness 50mm.