CN110759483A - Biological area that is detained in sponge city - Google Patents
Biological area that is detained in sponge city Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110759483A CN110759483A CN201911162998.4A CN201911162998A CN110759483A CN 110759483 A CN110759483 A CN 110759483A CN 201911162998 A CN201911162998 A CN 201911162998A CN 110759483 A CN110759483 A CN 110759483A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- layer
- filler
- vermiculite
- zeolite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
- E03F1/002—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water with disposal into the ground, e.g. via dry wells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sponge urban bioretention belt which is characterized in that: the soil-permeable gravel layer comprises a filler-improved soil layer, a sand filter layer, a geotechnical cloth layer and a gravel layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a water storage area is arranged above the filler-improved soil layer, a water permeable pipe is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer, the filler-improved soil layer is composed of locally-obtained soil and vermiculite or zeolite, and the mass percentage of the soil to the vermiculite or zeolite is 60% -70%: 30 to 40 percent. According to the biological detention zone for the sponge urban roads, the zeolite and vermiculite filler are used for improving soil to serve as the filler, the removal effect on pollutants is obvious, the biological detention zone has the effects of preventing soil hardening, improving the storage function of the biological detention zone, reducing the later maintenance cost, and being easy to obtain materials, and the biological detention zone has a great popularization and application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sponge urban bioretention belt, and belongs to the field of municipal facilities.
Background
The bioretention facility is used as a common technology for sponge type road construction, has remarkable ecological environment and social and economic benefits in the aspects of reducing non-point source pollution, relieving heat island effect, adjusting rainfall flood, conserving underground water, improving surrounding environment, increasing landscape ornamental value, protecting biological diversity, saving energy consumption and the like, has various structural forms, wide application, low construction cost, convenient operation and maintenance and good popularization prospect.
The biological retention system built beside the road mainly regulates and purifies runoff rainwater through a regulation and storage layer, a planting soil layer, a filler improved soil layer, a drainage layer and the like, and the purified rainwater permeates and replenishes underground water or is conveyed to a municipal system or a subsequent treatment facility through a perforated collecting pipe at the bottom of the system.
Present biological detention area is after operation a period, and soil is hardened easily to appear, leads to its infiltration rate variation, and the function that permeates water of retaining that can not be fine plays, and biological detention area reduces the throughput of rainwater, leads to road surface rainwater runoff even, and the later stage needs to be administered soil, and the maintenance cost is high.
Chongqing is one of 16 pilot cities constructed as a first sponge city, unique landscape features and landforms have the characteristics of a typical mountain city, and the characteristic of heavy rainstorm, early rain peak and rapid rain type is different from other plain cities. The existing bioretention system made with local soil in Chongqing is due to the slow penetration rate of soil (6.91X 10)-5m/s) or so, the processing load of a sudden rain flow cannot be satisfied. Especially, after the soil is used for a period of time, the soil is hardened, and the use requirement cannot be met.
Therefore, according to the rainfall characteristics and surface runoff pollution characteristics of the Chongqing, the research on the biological retention system is suitable for mountain cities such as the Chongqing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a biological retention belt for a sponge urban road, which improves the regulation and storage functions of the biological retention belt, prevents soil hardening, has an obvious rainwater pollutant removal effect and is suitable for treating torrential rainwater in mountain cities.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a biological area that is detained in sponge city which characterized in that: the soil-permeable gravel layer comprises a filler-improved soil layer, a sand filter layer, a geotechnical cloth layer and a gravel layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a water storage area is arranged above the filler-improved soil layer, a water permeable pipe is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer, the filler-improved soil layer is composed of locally-obtained soil and vermiculite or zeolite, and the mass percentage of the soil to the vermiculite or zeolite is 60% -70%: 30 to 40 percent.
The biological retention zone can effectively adsorb and convert pollutants in the rainwater runoff through biological, chemical and physical actions of plants, microorganisms, soil and fillers, so that the aims of controlling the rainwater flow and purifying the rainwater quality are fulfilled. The mechanism for purifying rainwater comprises: the filler has the functions of precipitation, adsorption, filtration, ion exchange, volatilization of pollutants, decomposition of microorganisms, phytoremediation and the like on the pollutants.
According to the invention, in the biological retention zone, soil and vermiculite or zeolite are mixed to prepare the filler improved soil layer, and the pollutant removal effect is improved by improving the composition and proportion of the filler improved soil layer.
Experiments show that by adopting the scheme of the invention, zeolite or vermiculite filler is mixed with soil to be used as filler of the bioretention zone, the removal effects of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, COD and SS are obviously improved, and the removal effects can respectively reach the following levels: 95.47%, 75.17%, 98.21%, 91.17% and 91.17%.
The permeability of the bioretention system is particularly important for the functioning thereof, and the permeability rate of the filler is one of the influencing factors of the permeability thereof. The filler of the invention, which is obtained by mixing soil and vermiculite or zeolite, has a penetration rate of 1.61X 10-4m/s, and the local soil penetration rate is only 6.91X 10-5m/s, the permeation rate is 2.3 times that of soil. After the permeation rate is improved, soil hardening is reduced, the oxygen content in soil gaps is increased, aerobic respiration of plant cells is promoted, the absorption of inorganic salts by plant roots is improved, and the growth of plants with bioretention is facilitated. Preventing soil hardening. At the same time, because of the high penetration rate, the coating has the capability of meeting the requirements of hurryThe rain water seepage requirement is suitable for mountain cities.
Because plants need to be planted on the surface of the biological retention system, and the growth of plant roots needs water, the water retention property of the system after the filler is added is very important, and if the water retention property of the improved soil is good, certain rainwater can be stored in the system, so that the growth of the plants is promoted. When the soil improved by the vermiculite or the zeolite is adopted, the water holding porosity and the field water holding capacity before and after a water inlet test are both higher, which shows that the vermiculite or the zeolite filler can systematically improve the water holding capacity of the soil after improving the soil, and provide moisture for the growth of plants. The improvement of water holding porosity and field water holding capacity, accessible natural detention, soil infiltration control surface runoff, postpone the flood peak moment, slow down pipe network pressure, reach the mesh that subdues the runoff, promote the regulation function in biological detention area simultaneously.
Preferably: the depth of the water storage area is 100-300 mm.
Preferably: the thickness of the filler-improved soil layer is 300-700 mm.
Preferably: the sand of the sand filtering layer has the grain diameter of 1-2mm and the thickness of 100-300 mm.
Preferably: the thickness of the gravel layer is 250-300mm, and the particle size of the gravel is 3-6 mm.
Preferably: the diameter of the water permeable pipe is 100-150 mm.
Preferably: the particle size of the vermiculite or the zeolite is 2-6 mm.
Has the advantages that: according to the biological detention zone for the sponge city road, the zeolite and vermiculite filler are used for improving soil to serve as the filler, the removal effect on pollutants is obvious, the biological detention zone has the effects of improving the permeation rate, preventing and treating soil hardening, improving the storage function of the biological detention zone, reducing the later maintenance cost, is easy to obtain materials, is suitable for being used in mountain cities, and has great popularization and application values.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
example 1, as shown in fig. 1, the biological retention zone of the sponge city is composed of a water storage area 1, a filler modified soil layer 2, a sand filter layer 3, a geotextile layer 4, a gravel layer 5 and a water permeable pipe 6. The filler improved soil layer 2, the sand filter layer 3, the geotechnical cloth layer 4 and the gravel layer 5 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The water storage area 1 is arranged above the filler improved soil layer 2, and the water permeable pipe 6 is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer 5 and is connected with the municipal rainwater pipeline.
The depth of the water storage area 1 is 100-300 mm. The filling material improved soil layer 2 is composed of soil which is obtained from local materials and vermiculite or zeolite, and the mass percentage of the soil and the vermiculite or zeolite is 60-70%: 30 to 40 percent. The particle size of the soil and vermiculite or zeolite is 2-6 mm. The thickness of the filler-improved soil layer is 300-700 mm.
The sand of the sand filtering layer 3 has the grain diameter of 1-2mm and the thickness of 100-300 mm.
The thickness of the gravel layer 5 is 250-300mm, and the particle size of the gravel is 3-6 mm.
The diameter of the water permeable pipe 6 is 100-150 mm.
Removal experiment of harmful substances to rainwater:
preparing 9 PVC soil columns, wherein the mass percent of soil and vermiculite in No. 1-3 soil columns is 60%: 40%, 70%: 30%, 65%: soil and zeolite 60% are respectively selected in No. 2, 4-6 PVC soil columns of 35% as filler for improving soil layers: 40%, 70%: 30%, 65%: 35% as filler improves soil layer 2. No. 7 is an upper soil layer, a lower vermiculite layer, a soil layer and vermiculite, wherein the mass percentages of the soil layer and the vermiculite are respectively 65%: 35 percent. The No. 8 soil column comprises a water storage area, a vermiculite packing layer, a sand filter layer, a geotechnical cloth layer, a gravel layer and a permeable pipe from top to bottom. The No. 9 soil column comprises a water storage area, a soil layer, a sand filter layer, a geotechnical cloth layer, a gravel layer and a permeable pipe from top to bottom.
As can be seen from the table above, the removal effect on ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, COD and SS is obvious compared with that of pure soil or pure filler, and is greatly improved compared with the mode of adopting upper soil and lower filler.
After the No. 1-7 and No. 9 soil columns are subjected to a water filling test for 20 times, the permeation rate of the No. 1-6 soil columns is changed from 1.61 multiplied by 10- 4The m/s is reduced to about 1.53 multiplied by 10-4And m/s or so. The water seepage rate of No. 7 soil column and No. 9 soil column is from 6.91 multiplied by 10-5m/s, down to 4.23X 10-5m/s. The water seepage rate of the soil is obviously reduced.
In the experimental process, the inventor also screens out the types of sand, fly ash, perlite, coal slag, volcanic rock, ceramsite, quartz sand and other fillers to improve the soil, and finally selects the technical scheme of the invention by comprehensively considering the water seepage rate, the removal rate of pollutants and the water-retaining property of the soil.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a biological area that is detained in sponge city which characterized in that: the soil-permeable gravel layer comprises a filler-improved soil layer, a sand filter layer, a geotechnical cloth layer and a gravel layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a water storage area is arranged above the filler-improved soil layer, a water permeable pipe is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer, the filler-improved soil layer is composed of locally-obtained soil and vermiculite or zeolite, and the mass percentage of the soil to the vermiculite or zeolite is 60% -70%: 30 to 40 percent.
2. The sponge municipal bioretention belt of claim 1, wherein: the depth of the water storage area is 100-300 mm.
3. The sponge municipal bioretention belt of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the filler-improved soil layer is 300-700 mm.
4. A sponge municipal bioretention belt according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein: the sand of the sand filtering layer has the grain diameter of 1-2mm and the thickness of 100-300 mm.
5. The sponge municipal bioretention belt of claim 4, wherein: the thickness of the gravel layer is 250-300mm, and the particle size of the gravel is 3-6 mm.
6. The sponge municipal bioretention belt of claim 5, wherein: the diameter of the water permeable pipe is 100-150 mm.
7. The sponge municipal bioretention belt of claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the vermiculite or the zeolite is 2-6 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911162998.4A CN110759483A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Biological area that is detained in sponge city |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911162998.4A CN110759483A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Biological area that is detained in sponge city |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110759483A true CN110759483A (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911162998.4A Pending CN110759483A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Biological area that is detained in sponge city |
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| CN (1) | CN110759483A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112499757A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-03-16 | 中机国际工程设计研究院有限责任公司 | Graded biofiltration medium, preparation method thereof and graded biofiltration system |
| CN113200651A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-03 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device and method |
| CN114112302A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 河南师范大学 | Biological retention device for simulating pavement runoff |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112499757A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-03-16 | 中机国际工程设计研究院有限责任公司 | Graded biofiltration medium, preparation method thereof and graded biofiltration system |
| CN113200651A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-03 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device and method |
| CN113200651B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-08-12 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device and method |
| CN114112302A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 河南师范大学 | Biological retention device for simulating pavement runoff |
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Application publication date: 20200207 |
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