CN113200651A - Three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device and method - Google Patents
Three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113200651A CN113200651A CN202110477370.4A CN202110477370A CN113200651A CN 113200651 A CN113200651 A CN 113200651A CN 202110477370 A CN202110477370 A CN 202110477370A CN 113200651 A CN113200651 A CN 113200651A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device and a method, wherein the three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device comprises a three-grid septic tank, an aeration unit, a precipitation unit, a water distributor and an in-situ soil medium reactor; the third grid of the three-grid septic tank comprises a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber, and the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber are respectively used as an aeration unit and a precipitation unit; the water outlet of the three-grid septic tank is connected with the in-situ soil medium reactor through a water distributor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental sanitation and sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device and method.
Background
The existing three-grid septic tank toilet has the defects that the toilet cannot be installed indoors far away from the septic tank, only a direct-falling type toilet stool can be used, and the use feeling is not as good as that of a water flushing type toilet stool, so that the toilet stool connected with the three-grid septic tank is always the water flushing type toilet stool in the actual rural toilet. Because the water consumption of the water flushing type toilet is large, the volume of sewage entering the septic tank is too large, the requirement of hydraulic retention time of anaerobic fermentation cannot be met, the hygienic index of effluent is difficult to guarantee, and the risk of disease infection exists; secondly, the concentration of the excrement and urine is too thin, the effluent in the third grid cannot be used as the agricultural fertilizer, and the effluent can only be directly discharged under the current situation, thus threatening the environment.
The sewage treatment is the conventional method for controlling the pollution of the effluent of the septic tank at present. The existing sewage treatment method is generally characterized in that sewage treatment equipment or facilities are connected behind a septic tank, the construction and operation costs are high, and the existing sewage treatment method is implemented without conditions in most rural areas.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a sewage treatment apparatus and method for a three-compartment septic tank toilet, which is intended to at least partially solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.
In order to achieve the above objects, as one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a toilet treatment apparatus for sewage of a three-compartment septic tank, comprising a three-compartment septic tank, an aeration unit, a sedimentation unit, a water distributor, and an in-situ soil medium reactor.
The third grid of the three-grid septic tank comprises a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber, and the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber are respectively used as an aeration unit and a precipitation unit; the water outlet of the three-grid septic tank is connected with the in-situ soil medium reactor through a water distributor.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the precipitation unit is provided with the overflowing through hole and the precipitation inclined plate.
According to the embodiment of the invention, an aeration system and biological fillers are arranged in the aeration unit.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the in-situ soil medium reactor sequentially comprises an unsaturated reaction layer, a first permeable layer, a saturated reaction layer and a second permeable layer from top to bottom.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the medium filler in the unsaturated reaction layer and the saturated reaction layer is one or more than two of soil, vermiculite, zeolite and biochar.
According to the embodiment of the invention, anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge is inoculated in the saturated reaction layer.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the medium filler in the unsaturated reaction layer is 20-50 cm.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the medium filler in the saturated reaction layer is 20-100 cm.
As a second aspect of the invention, the invention provides a three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
constructing a three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device in situ in the three-grid septic tank;
carrying out nitrosation reaction on the sewage through an aeration unit and a precipitation unit to remove organic matters and completing the precipitation process before water outlet;
the effluent of the three-grid septic tank is discharged into the in-situ soil medium reactor through a water distributor;
the sewage is subjected to anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction in the in-situ soil medium reactor, and the treated sewage is discharged through the elevation difference of the natural topography or is led out of the ground for discharge.
According to the embodiment of the invention, an unsaturated reaction layer, a first permeable layer, a saturated reaction layer and a second permeable layer are sequentially arranged in an in-situ soil medium reactor from top to bottom;
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the water permeation rate in an in situ media reactor is controlled by the selection of the media material of the first osmotic layer and the media packing of the second osmotic layer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the media packing of the first and second permeable layers is selected from the group consisting of soil and one or more of vermiculite, zeolite, biochar.
According to the technical scheme, the device and the method for treating the sewage in the three-grid septic tank toilet have one or part of the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to a three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device, wherein nitrosation reaction is carried out on ammonia nitrogen in sewage in an aeration unit, a solid-liquid precipitation process is completed through a precipitation unit, a water outlet of the precipitation unit is connected with an in-situ soil medium reactor through a water distributor, an efficient denitrification technology, namely anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction, is introduced by using the in-situ soil medium reactor, and the efficient denitrification and safe discharge of the sewage of the three-grid septic tank are realized by using the good interception effect of the in-situ soil medium reactor on anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria.
2. According to the three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device, the water seepage rate of the in-situ soil medium reactor is controlled through the selection of medium fillers of the first permeable layer and the second permeable layer between the unsaturated reaction layer and the saturated reaction layer and at the bottom of the saturated reaction layer in the in-situ soil medium reactor, so that the hydraulic retention time of sewage in the unsaturated reaction layer and the saturated reaction layer is controlled, and the sewage treatment effect of the in-situ soil medium reactor is optimized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows a three-chamber septic tank toilet sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a three-grid septic tank; 2. an aeration unit; 3. a precipitation unit; 4. a water distributor; 5. a soil media reactor; 6. an aeration system; 7. biological fillers; 8. an overcurrent through hole; 9. a sedimentation sloping plate; 10. an unsaturated reaction layer; 11. a first permeable layer; 12. a saturated reaction layer; 13. a second permeable layer.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
The invention provides a three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device and a method, and figure 1 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device comprises a three-grid septic tank 1, an aeration unit 2, a sedimentation unit 3, a water distributor 4 and an in-situ soil medium reactor 5.
The third grid of the three-grid septic tank 1 comprises a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber, and the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber are respectively used as an aeration unit 2 and a precipitation unit 3; the water outlet of the three-grid septic tank is connected with the in-situ soil medium reactor 5 through the water distributor 4.
According to the embodiment of the invention, nitrosation reaction of sewage is carried out in the aeration unit 2, the solid-liquid precipitation process is completed through the precipitation unit 3, the sewage in the precipitation unit 3 is discharged into the in-situ soil medium reactor 5 through the water distributor 4, the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction which is an efficient denitrification technology is introduced by utilizing the in-situ soil medium reactor 5, and the efficient denitrification and safe discharge of the sewage in the three-grid septic tank are realized by utilizing the good interception effect of the in-situ soil medium reactor 5 on anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the precipitation unit 3 is provided with the overflowing through hole 8 and the precipitation inclined plate 9. The beneficial bacteria partially suspended in the sewage in the precipitation unit 3 flow into the bottom of the precipitation unit 3 along the inclined precipitation plate, so that the beneficial bacteria stay in the precipitation unit 3 to the maximum extent.
According to the embodiment of the invention, an aeration system 6 and biological fillers 7 are arranged in the aeration unit 2. In the aeration unit 2, ammonia nitrogen in the sewage is subjected to nitrosation reaction by using oxygen introduced by the aeration system 6 under the action of ammonia oxidizing bacteria attached to the biological filler 7, and is converted into nitrite nitrogen.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the in-situ soil medium reactor sequentially comprises an unsaturated reaction layer 10, a first permeable layer 11, a saturated reaction layer 12 and a second permeable layer 13 from top to bottom.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the medium filler in the unsaturated reaction layer 10 and the saturated reaction layer 12 is one or more of soil, vermiculite, zeolite and biochar.
According to the embodiment of the invention, anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge is inoculated in the saturated reaction layer 12.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the medium filler in the unsaturated reaction layer 10 is 20-50 cm, for example, the thickness of the filler is 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50 cm.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the medium filler in the saturated reaction layer is 20-100 cm, for example, the thickness of the filler is as follows: 20cm, 40cm, 60cm, 80cm, 100 cm.
According to the embodiment of the invention, because the nitrite (namely nitrite nitrogen) in the sewage discharged into the in-situ soil medium reactor: the content ratio of ammonia nitrogen can not reach the ideal ratio of anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction (the ideal ratio is that the content ratio of nitrite to ammonia nitrogen is 1.32), organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the effluent of the precipitation unit 3 are further removed in the unsaturated reaction layer 10, and excessive ammonia nitrogen in the sewage is removed by utilizing the adsorption effect of soil, vermiculite, zeolite and the like in the medium filler on cations in the unsaturated reaction layer 10, so that the content ratio of nitrite in the sewage is as follows: the content ratio of ammonia nitrogen is as close as possible to the ideal ratio of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, so that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction is completed in the saturated reaction layer 12.
The invention also provides a three-grid septic tank sewage treatment method, wherein the sewage is subjected to nitrosation reaction through the aeration unit 2 and the precipitation unit 3 to remove organic matters, and then the precipitation process before water outlet is completed.
The effluent of the three-grid septic tank 1 is discharged into the in-situ soil medium reactor 5 through the water distributor 4.
The sewage is subjected to anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction in the in-situ soil medium reactor 5, and the treated sewage is discharged through the elevation difference of the natural topography or is led out of the ground for discharge.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the sewage is subjected to nitrosation reaction in the aeration unit 2 and most of organic matters are removed, the sedimentation process before water is discharged is completed in the sedimentation unit 3, the sewage flows into the sedimentation unit 3 from the aeration unit 2 through the overflowing through hole 8, and beneficial bacteria partially suspended in the sewage in the sedimentation unit 3 flow into the bottom of the sedimentation unit 3 along the sedimentation inclined plate, so that the beneficial bacteria can stay in the three-grid septic tank 1 (namely, in the sedimentation unit 3) to the maximum extent.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the water seepage rate of the sewage is regulated and controlled by regulating the components and the proportion of the medium fillers in the first permeable layer 11 and the second permeable layer 13, so that the hydraulic retention time of the sewage in the unsaturated reaction layer 10 and the saturated reaction layer 12, namely the time of the nitrosation reaction and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, is regulated and controlled.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the media fill material of first and second permeable layers 11, 12 is selected from the group consisting of soil and one or more of vermiculite, zeolite, biochar.
According to the embodiment of the invention, based on the characteristic that the porosity of the soil layer gradually decreases from top to bottom in the land resource environment of rural areas, in the embodiment of the invention, the medium filler in the first permeable layer 11 mainly takes soil as a main material, and a trace amount of vermiculite, zeolite or charcoal is added; the medium filler in the second permeable layer 13 is a mixed filler prepared by mixing soil and vermiculite, zeolite or biochar according to a mass ratio of 2-3: 1 (the ratio of the medium filler can be determined according to the soil condition of the implementation site), so that sewage slowly flows into the saturated reaction layer 12, and is discharged smoothly after the saturated reaction layer 12 reacts sufficiently.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the water distributor 4 is disposed at a position including, but not limited to, an upper part, a surface layer or a sub-surface layer of the in-situ soil medium reactor 5.
The invention will be further explained by taking sewage discharged from a rural septic tank as an example in conjunction with fig. 1.
In the embodiment, 5 people live in daily life, the sewage and wastewater discharge amount is 100 liters/day, wherein the COD concentration is 1500mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration is 280mg/L, and the total phosphorus concentration is 40 mg/L.
An aeration unit 2 and a sedimentation unit 3 are arranged in a third grid of the constructed three-grid septic tank, spherical polypropylene filler (with the diameter of 25mm) is filled in the aeration unit 2, the filling rate is 50%, an aeration system is arranged in the aeration unit 2 for aeration, and the aeration system 6 consists of an aeration sand head arranged at the bottom of the aeration unit and an external air blower. Ammonia nitrogen in the sewage is converted into nitrite nitrogen by oxygen introduced by an aeration system under the action of ammonia oxidizing bacteria, the sewage flows into the precipitation unit 3 through the overflowing through hole 8, and flows into the bottom of the precipitation unit 3 along the precipitation inclined plate 9 in the precipitation unit 3 to be precipitated.
An in-situ soil medium reactor 5 is arranged at a position 30cm away from a water outlet (namely the water outlet of the sedimentation unit 3) of the three-grid septic tank 1, the horizontal section of the in-situ soil medium reactor 5 is rectangular, the length is 1.2m, the width is 1m, the water outlet of the three-grid septic tank 1 is 0m, the in-situ soil medium reactor is excavated downwards to-1.2 m, a geomembrane with the transmittance of 0.1 m/day is paved on the bottom surface, a sampler for sampling water at the bottom of a saturated water layer is arranged in the middle of the geomembrane, the sampler is communicated to the ground by a stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 5mm, and then a second permeable layer 13 is filled on the geomembrane, wherein the medium filler in the second permeable layer 13 is a combined filler with the mass ratio of soil to zeolite of 2: 1, and the filler thickness is 10 cm. A combined filler with a soil-vermiculite mass ratio of 1: 1 is filled on second permeation layer 13, the filler thickness is 60cm, and as saturated reaction layer 12, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation strain for inoculation is diluted to 200L and poured uniformly on saturated reaction layer 12. And filling soil containing trace vermiculite on the saturated reaction layer 12 to form a first permeable layer 11, wherein the filling thickness is 10cm, filling soil containing trace biochar on the first permeable layer 11 to form an unsaturated reaction layer 10, and the filling thickness is 20 cm.
A water distributor 4 consisting of parallel perforated water distribution pipes is laid on the unsaturated reaction layer 10, the diameter of each water distribution pipe is 25mm, the pipe interval is 50mm, holes are perforated on two sides of each water distribution pipe, the aperture is 3 mm, the hole interval is 20mm, all the parallel water distribution pipes are connected to a main water inlet pipe with the diameter of 40mm, and the main water inlet pipe is connected with a septic tank water outlet pipe. The laying height of the main water inlet pipe can ensure that the effluent of the three-grid septic tank 1 can automatically flow into the original soil medium reactor 5.
And covering soil on the water distributor 4 and planting the lawn.
A plastic greenhouse is arranged above the in-situ soil medium reactor 5 for heat preservation in winter, and drainage ditches are arranged at the periphery of the greenhouse to prevent external water including rainwater from entering the in-situ soil medium reactor 5.
And (3) connecting a water outlet pipe of the three-grid septic tank 1 with a water inlet pipe of the in-situ soil medium reactor 5, starting the in-situ soil medium reactor 5, connecting the in-situ soil medium reactor to a stainless steel pipe for sampling by using a sampling pump at regular time, and collecting a water sample and performing water quality analysis.
From the 20 th day after the in-situ soil medium reactor 5 is started, the water quality of the collected water sample is as follows: COD is less than 25mg/L, total nitrogen is less than 20mg/L, and total phosphorus is less than 0.05 mg/L.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device is characterized by comprising a three-grid septic tank, an aeration unit, a precipitation unit, a water distributor and an in-situ soil medium reactor;
the third grid of the three-grid septic tank comprises a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber, and the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber are respectively used as the aeration unit and the sedimentation unit; and the water outlet of the three-grid septic tank is connected with the in-situ soil medium reactor through the water distributor.
2. The sewage treatment device of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the sedimentation unit is provided with an overflowing through hole and a sedimentation inclined plate.
3. The wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein an aeration system and a biological filler are arranged in the aeration unit.
4. The wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the in-situ soil medium reactor comprises an unsaturated reaction layer, a first permeable layer, a saturated reaction layer and a second permeable layer from top to bottom.
5. The sewage treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the medium filler in the unsaturated reaction layer and the saturated reaction layer comprises soil, vermiculite, zeolite and/or biochar.
6. The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge is inoculated into the saturated reaction layer.
7. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 4,
the thickness of the medium filler in the unsaturated reaction layer is 20-50 cm;
the thickness of the medium filler in the saturated reaction layer is 20-100 cm.
8. A three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing the sewage treatment plant of any one of claims 1 to 7 in a three-septic tank in situ;
the sewage is subjected to nitrosation reaction through the aeration unit and the precipitation unit to remove organic matters, and then the precipitation process before water outlet is completed;
the effluent of the three-grid septic tank is discharged into the in-situ soil medium reactor through the water distributor;
and carrying out anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction on the sewage in the in-situ soil medium reactor, and discharging the treated sewage through the elevation difference of the natural topography or leading the treated sewage out of the ground for discharging.
9. The sewage treatment method according to claim 8, wherein an unsaturated reaction layer, a first permeable layer, a saturated reaction layer and a second permeable layer are sequentially arranged in the in-situ soil medium reactor from top to bottom;
controlling the water permeation rate in the in situ media reactor by selecting the media material of the first permeable layer and the media packing of the second permeable layer.
10. The wastewater treatment method of claim 9, wherein the media packing of the first and second permeable layers is selected from one or more of soil and vermiculite, zeolite, biochar.
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| CN202110477370.4A CN113200651B (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Three-grid septic tank toilet sewage treatment device and method |
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| US8252182B1 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2012-08-28 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Subsurface upflow wetland system for nutrient and pathogen removal in wastewater treatment systems |
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