CN113994853A - Wood fiber soilless spray seeding method for ecological restoration of high and steep slope - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of foreign soil spray seeding, in particular to an automatic spray seeding machine suitable for slope restoration, which comprises a spray seeding machine, a pumping mechanism, a stirring system, a spray seeding machine frame and a pipeline, wherein a feeding port is formed in the top end of the right side of the spray seeding machine frame; the invention can be used for adjusting the angle of the spray gun, so that the spray gun can be adjusted to different angles according to different terrains.

Description

Wood fiber soilless spray seeding method for ecological restoration of high and steep slope

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of foreign soil spray-seeding methods, in particular to a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Background

With the rapid development of economic society, the basic construction speed of China is accelerated, and a large number of bare slopes are formed by implementing construction projects such as traffic, water conservancy, mines, electric power and the like. The exposed slopes not only influence the ecological environment landscape, but also have geological disaster hidden dangers to influence the safety and stability of the main greening engineering. Therefore, slope greening is vigorously carried out in many places.

The spray seeding technology is adopted for slope greening, is a novel greening mode in China in recent years, greatly reduces labor cost, improves greening speed and accelerates slope greening in China.

Spray seeding is a novel technology suitable for greening rock-soil side slopes and soil-included stone side slopes with high weathering degree; it utilizes a special sprayer to spray organic base materials of grass seeds, water-retaining agent and the like onto the slope surface, and the organic base materials are tightly combined with the slope surface under the action of pressure to form a matrix layer for plant growth and development. The requirement of spray seeding on the thickness of soil is determined according to the specific situation of a side slope, and the thickness is usually 10-30 cm; grass seeds such as bermuda grass, tall fescue, amorpha fruticosa and the like are added during spraying, and an ideal greening effect is achieved in a short time.

The spray seeding technology mainly comprises external soil spray seeding, mixed spray seeding and hydraulic spray seeding, and the plant fiber is essential in the spray seeding technology.

The prior art all adopts the manual work to control the spray gun and carry out the operation of jettisoninging, nevertheless because of manual operation, requires highly to operating personnel endurance, because of operating personnel endurance is not enough at the in-process of jettisoninging, leads to operating personnel can't adjust the spray gun to suitable position and jettisonings, has influenced efficiency of construction and construction quality greatly.

In the prior art, a spray gun and a pipeline are fixed at one point, an operator holds the spray gun at a fixed place to operate, but sprays at the fixed place, so that the sprayed area is limited, a spray seeder needs to be frequently moved to spray, the construction cost is greatly increased, uneven spray seeding is easily caused, and the construction quality is seriously influenced.

The spray gun in the prior art is a rigid body, cannot adjust the length and is not easy to turn, so that an operator cannot conveniently perform construction operation, and the working efficiency is reduced.

The prior art adopts artifical spray-seeding, and operating personnel and spray gun become the coplanar, make it the operating personnel difficult topography of observing, and operating personnel physical power is limited, can't carry out reasonable regulation to the spray gun according to the topography, can't be timely make the judgement, influence the spray-seeding quality.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic spraying and seeding machine which can be adapted to various working environments, but the existing spraying gun cannot meet the requirements of the present invention, so the present invention provides a spraying gun with a changeable length, which is used in combination with the present invention; the invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme:

a wood fiber soilless spray seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope comprises the following steps:

s1: clearing the slope surface, namely clearing garbage, sundries, pumice and dangerous rocks of the slope surface to be constructed;

s2: the method is characterized in that a catch-up ditch is arranged at the top of the slope, so that the slope surface is prevented from being damaged due to scouring of the slope surface by ground catchment during rainfall; when the slope surface is cleaned, corners and edges of the slope surface are trimmed into arc shapes, so that the stability of the sprayed foreign soil is facilitated;

s3: laying a fixed net: the high-strength three-dimensional net is integrally laid on the slope surface from top to bottom, the net surface and the slope surface are kept parallel to the greatest extent, the upward extension of the slope is 30-40 cm, the downward extension of the slope is 20-30 cm, the net and the net are overlapped, and the overlapping length is 3-5 cm;

s4: reinforcing: anchoring bolts are adopted at the top of the slope, the bottom of the slope, the slope edge and the lap joint, and the slope surface is fixed with a high-strength three-dimensional net by adopting U-shaped steel bolts;

s5: preparing a matrix material: fully mixing and stirring the components in the spray seeding material according to the proportion to obtain a mixture;

s6: spray seeding: conveying the mixed wood fiber material to a spray seeding machine through a pumping system to perform spray seeding on the slope; the spray seeding machine comprises a spray seeding machine, a pumping mechanism, a stirring system, a spray seeding machine frame and a pipeline, wherein a feeding port is arranged at the top end of the right side of the spray seeding machine frame, the spray seeding machine is arranged at the top end of the left side of the spray seeding machine frame, the stirring system is arranged inside the right side of the frame, the spray seeding machine is communicated with the pumping mechanism through the pipeline, the spray seeding machine comprises a spray seeding frame gun, a main clamping device, an auxiliary clamping device, a main track, an auxiliary track, an operating space, an operating platform and an operating platform slide rail, the bottom end of the front side of the spray seeding frame gun is provided with the main clamping device, the bottom end of the rear side of the spray seeding frame gun is provided with the auxiliary clamping device, the main clamping device slides on the main track, the auxiliary clamping device slides on the auxiliary track, the operating platform slide rail is connected with an operating platform telescopic rod in a sliding manner, the top end of the operating platform telescopic rod is provided with the operating platform, and the operating platform is arranged in the operating space, the spray-seeding frame gun comprises an operating rod, a reinforcing ring, a rail, a hose, a movable pipe, a fixed pipe, an adjustable diameter clamping device, a flow guide pipe and a reinforced flow pipe, wherein the hose is arranged in the spray-seeding frame gun, the adjustable diameter clamping device is arranged around the hose, the operating rod is connected with the adjustable diameter clamping device, the hose is connected with the adjustable diameter clamping device through the flow guide pipe, the reinforced flow pipe is arranged at one end, away from a nozzle, of the hose, the outer side of the spray-seeding frame gun is composed of the fixed pipe and the movable pipe, the movable pipe is connected inside the fixed pipe in a sliding mode, the reinforcing ring is arranged on the outer side of the end portion of the fixed pipe, the surface of the reinforcing ring is provided with the rail, and the operating rod moves along the rail.

Preferably, the main clamping device and the auxiliary clamping device are identical in structure, the main clamping device comprises a clamp, a front and back moving box, a moving box telescopic rod, a left and right moving box and a moving pulley, the moving pulley is connected to the main rail in a sliding mode, the left and right moving box is arranged at the top end of the moving pulley, the moving box telescopic rod is arranged at the top end of the left and right moving box, the front and back moving box is arranged at the top end of the moving box telescopic rod, and the clamp is connected to the upper portion of the front and back moving box.

Preferably, the front and back moving box comprises a moving plate, a tooth groove, a sleeve, a toothed bar and a fixed rolling element, the front and back moving box is of a U-shaped structure, the fixed rolling element is fixed at the bottom of U-shaped grooves on two sides of the front and back moving box, the toothed bar is arranged between the fixed rolling elements on two sides, the sleeve is arranged in the middle of the surface of the toothed bar, the sleeve is fixedly connected with the moving plate, a mounting hole is formed in the moving plate, a clip telescopic rod is installed in the mounting hole, a clip is fixed at the top end of the clip telescopic rod, and the tooth groove is formed in the bottom end of the front and back moving box.

Preferably, the fixed rolling elements comprise fixed surfaces, rolling elements, power surfaces and power tooth grooves, the fixed surfaces are fixed on the inner wall of the front-back moving box, the power tooth grooves are formed in the middle of the fixed surfaces, tooth bar wheels matched with the power tooth grooves are arranged at two ends of each tooth bar and inserted into the power tooth grooves, a plurality of rolling elements are arranged on the outer sides of the power tooth grooves in the circumferential direction around the power tooth grooves, the rolling elements are located in the rolling surfaces, the fixed surfaces are arranged on the outer sides of the rolling surfaces, and the rolling surfaces are connected with the fixed surfaces through bearings.

Preferably, the bottom of the inside of the left and right moving box is provided with a fixed rolling element, the top of the surface of the left and right moving box is provided with a concave groove corresponding to the power tooth groove, and one end of the telescopic rod of the moving box is inserted into the tooth groove while the other end is inserted into the power tooth groove below the concave groove.

Preferably, the adjustable diameter clamping device comprises a gear ring, a gear and a movable baffle, the rear of the gear is connected with the motor, the gear moves along the gear ring, and a plurality of arc-shaped movable baffles are arranged on the inner side of the gear ring.

Preferably, a clamping track is arranged at the top end of the spray seeder platform and on one side far away from the port of the spray seeder.

Preferably, the mixing system divide into two agitating unit of lower part and an agitating unit on upper portion, two agitating unit with be provided with the secondary filter screen between the agitating unit, the outside of mixing system and the position that corresponds with the secondary filter screen are equipped with the scarfing cinder mouth, be provided with the stirring switching-over gear shifting reduction gear between two agitating unit and the power unit diesel engine, the inside bottom of mixing system is equipped with the sedimentation tank, the outside of mixing system and the position that corresponds with the sedimentation tank are equipped with the sedimentation tank side door.

Preferably, a primary filter screen is arranged above the feeding port and connected with a vibrating device, and the vibrating device is arranged at the top end of the frame of the spray seeder.

Preferably, the pumping mechanism comprises a gear shifting speed reducer, a diesel engine and an oil tank, and the gear shifting speed reducer is arranged between the two-shaft stirring device and the pumping mechanism.

Has the advantages that:

the invention can carry out automatic spray-seeding without being held by workers, thereby increasing the working efficiency, reducing the labor cost and improving the construction quality.

The spray gun can be moved to any position of the spray-seeding machine, and large-area spray-seeding operation can be carried out without moving the spray-seeding machine, so that wood fiber mixed liquor is uniformly sprayed and seeded in the current working environment, the construction quality is improved, the machine loss and the construction cost are reduced, and the working efficiency and the construction quality are improved.

The invention adopts mechanical clamping spray guns, and can adjust the spray guns to reasonable positions according to different terrains, so that the spray guns are suitable for the current working environment, and the working efficiency and the construction quality are improved.

The operating console is provided with the automatic spray-seeding mode switching button, and different spray-seeding modes can be adopted according to different working environments, so that the spray-seeding machine is suitable for the current working environment, and the working efficiency and the construction quality are improved.

The flexible pipe is arranged in the spray-seeding frame gun, the adjustable-diameter clamping devices are arranged on the periphery of the flexible pipe, the clamping diameter of each adjustable-diameter clamping device can be adjusted by controlling the upper operating rod, the flexible pipe is clamped and fixed by the adjustable-diameter clamping devices under normal conditions, when the spray gun needs to move, the clamping diameter of each adjustable-diameter clamping device can be changed by controlling the operating rod, the adjustable-diameter clamping devices loosen the flexible pipe, the spray-seeding frame gun can extend, the length of the spray-seeding frame gun is increased, the spray-seeding frame gun can freely move in the spray-seeding machine, when the spray-seeding frame gun reaches a specified position, an operator changes the clamping diameter of each adjustable-diameter clamping device through the operating rod, the adjustable-diameter clamping devices 17 clamp the flexible pipe, and the flexible pipe and the spray gun are fixed.

The spray gun is provided with the fixed pipe and the movable pipe, and the fixed pipe and the movable pipe are matched with the clamping device to realize the stability of the spray gun after being unfolded.

The invention is provided with the track for the spray gun to freely move on the spray-seeding machine, so that the wood fiber mixed solution can be uniformly sprayed and seeded in the current working environment, and the construction quality is improved.

The invention is provided with the track, the track can move up and down through the lifting structure at the bottom end, and can be used for adjusting the angle of the spray gun, so that the spray gun can adjust different angles according to different terrains, thereby being suitable for the current working environment and improving the working efficiency and the construction quality.

The spray gun clamping device is provided with the clamping rail, the clamping rail can move left and right to better clamp a spray gun, the clamping rail is used for clamping the unfolded spray gun, and the stability of the unfolded spray gun is improved to support the spray gun to freely change the length.

The clamping device can move in any direction from front to back, left to right, and is provided with the telescopic rod capable of adjusting the height of the clamped spray gun up and down, and the spray gun can be adjusted to a reasonable position according to different terrains, so that the spray gun is suitable for the current working environment, and the working efficiency and the construction quality are improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a first front view of a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a spray gun of a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 4 is a cross section of a spray gun of a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 6 is an expansion schematic view of a spray gun of the wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a clamping device of a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram I of a forward and backward moving box of a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a forward and backward moving box of the wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a left-right moving box of a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a fixed rolling element of a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 12 is a tooth bar schematic view of a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a diameter-adjustable clamping device of a wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope.

In the figure: 1. a spray seeder; 11. spraying and seeding a frame gun; 111. an operating lever; 112. a reinforcement ring; 113. a track; 114. a hose; 115. a movable tube; 116. a fixed tube; 117. an adjustable diameter clamping device; 1171. a ring gear; 1172. a gear; 1173. a movable baffle; 118. a flow guide pipe; 119. a reinforcing flow tube; 12. a primary clamping device; 121. a clip; 1211. the clamp is telescopic; 122. moving the box forward and backward; 1221. moving the plate; 12211. mounting holes; 1222. a tooth socket; 1223. a sleeve; 1224. a rack bar; 12241. a gear wheel; 1225. fixing the rolling body; 12251. a fixed surface; 12252. a rolling surface; 12253. a rolling body; 12254. a powered surface; 12255. a power tooth slot; 123. moving the box telescopic rod; 124. the box is moved left and right; 1241. a concave groove; 125. a movable pulley; 13. a secondary clamping device; 14. a main track; 15. a secondary track; 16. clamping the rail; 17. an operating space; 18. an operation table; 181. an operating table telescopic rod; 182. an operation table moving wheel; 19. a pipeline; 20. an operation table slide rail; 30. a pumping mechanism; 301. a gear shifting speed reducer; 302. a diesel engine; 303. an oil tank; 40. a stirring system; 401. primary filtering net; 402. a feeding port; 403. a vibrating device; 404. a shaft stirring device; 405. a slag removal port; 406. secondary filtering net; 407. a two-axis stirring device; 408. a sedimentation tank; 4081. a side door of the sedimentation tank; 409. a spray seeder frame.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those embodiments can be easily implemented by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, the invention relates to a wood fiber soilless spray seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope, wherein a spray seeding machine 1 comprises a spray seeding frame gun 11, a main clamping device 12, an auxiliary clamping device 13, a main rail 14, an auxiliary rail 15, a clamping rail 16, an operation space 17, an operation platform 18, a pipeline 19 and an operation platform slide rail 20;

as shown in fig. 1, the console 18 includes a console extension bar 181 and a console moving wheel 182;

as shown in fig. 1, the main clamping device 12 is used for clamping the front part of the spray-seeding frame gun 11, controlling the direction of the spray-seeding frame gun 11 spraying the wood fiber mixed liquid, and adjusting the included angle formed between the spray-seeding frame gun 11 and the plane of the spray-seeding machine 1;

as shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary clamping device 13 is used for clamping the middle part and the rear part of the spray-seeding frame gun 11 and fixing the spray-seeding frame gun 11, and the auxiliary main clamping device 12 is used for adjusting an included angle formed between the spray-seeding frame gun 11 and the plane of the spray-seeding machine 1;

as shown in fig. 1, the main clamping device 12 and the auxiliary clamping device 13 cooperate together to fix the spray-seeding frame gun 11 and adjust the included angle between the spray-seeding frame gun 11 and the plane of the spray-seeding machine 1;

as shown in fig. 1, the main rail 14 and the auxiliary rail 15 can move up and down through a lifting structure arranged at the bottom end, the main clamping device 12 moves on the main rail 14, the auxiliary clamping device 13 moves on the auxiliary rail 15, and the up and down movement of the main rail 14 and the auxiliary rail 15 can cooperate with the main clamping device 12 and the auxiliary clamping device 13 to jointly adjust an included angle formed between the spray-seeding frame gun 11 and the plane of the spray-seeding machine 1;

as shown in fig. 1, an operation table 18 is arranged in the operation space 17, an operation table telescopic rod 181 is arranged below the operation table 18, and the operation table telescopic rod 181 can change the relative height of the operation table 18, so that an operator can observe the current working environment conveniently;

as shown in fig. 1, an operation table moving wheel 182 is arranged below the operation table telescopic rod 181, and the operation table moving wheel 182 can move along the direction of the operation table slide rail 20, so that an operator can better observe the current working environment;

as shown in fig. 1, an automatic spray-seeding mode switching button is arranged on the operating platform 18, so that different spray-seeding modes can be adopted according to different working environments, and the spray-seeding machine is suitable for the current working environment;

as shown in fig. 1, the automatic spraying mode switching button includes a plain mode, a mountain mode, a hill mode, and a basin mode;

plain mode: the plain relief is not large, the terrain is relatively flat, low elevation angle spray seeding is adopted, the angle between a spray seeding frame gun 11 and a plane of a spray seeding machine 1 is gradually decreased in the spray seeding process, a spray seeding mode from far to near from right to left is adopted, a main rail 14 moves upwards in the spray seeding process, an auxiliary rail 15 is kept on the plane of the spray seeding machine 1, the relative height of a main clamping device 12 is slightly higher than that of an auxiliary clamping device 13, the angle between the spray seeding frame gun 11 and the plane of the spray seeding machine 1 is an inclined angle, the angle is not more than 15 degrees, the main clamping device 12 moves from the right end of the main rail 14 to the left end at the moment, the relative position between the main clamping device 12 and the auxiliary clamping device 13 is kept unchanged, the main rail 14 gradually descends in the moving process, the angle between the spray seeding frame gun 11 and the plane of the spray seeding machine 1 is gradually decreased, an operator needs to observe the state that wood fiber mixed liquor covers the earth surface of a working environment on an operation table 18, the working states of the main track 14, the main clamping device 12, the auxiliary clamping device 13 and the auxiliary track 15 can be manually controlled and adjusted, so that the current working state of the spray seeder meets the current working environment;

mountain land mode: the mountainous terrain fluctuation is not large, but the altitude is higher than plain, the medium elevation angle spraying is adopted, the angle between a spraying frame gun 11 and a plane of a spraying machine 1 is gradually reduced in the spraying process, a spraying mode from high to low from left to right is adopted, a main rail 14 moves upwards in the spraying process, an auxiliary rail 15 is kept on the plane of the spraying machine 1, the relative height of a main clamping device 12 is higher than that of an auxiliary clamping device 13, the angle between the spraying frame gun 11 and the plane of the spraying machine 1 is an inclined angle, the angle is not more than 30 degrees, the main clamping device 12 moves from the left end to the right end of the main rail 14 at the moment, the relative position between the main clamping device 12 and the auxiliary clamping device 13 is kept unchanged, the main rail 14 gradually descends in the moving process, the angle between the spraying frame gun 11 and the plane of the spraying machine 1 is gradually reduced, an operator needs to observe the state that wood fiber mixed liquor covers the ground surface of a working environment on an operation table 18, the working states of the main track 14, the main clamping device 12, the auxiliary clamping device 13 and the auxiliary track 15 can be manually controlled and adjusted, so that the current working state of the spray seeder meets the current working environment;

hill mode: the hilly terrain fluctuation is large, an elevation angle and flat angle mixed spray seeding mode is adopted, the angle of a spray seeding frame gun 11 and the plane of a spray seeding machine 1 fluctuates in the spray seeding process, a main track 14 and an auxiliary track 15 both move regularly during spray seeding, the main track 14 and the auxiliary track 15 are not in the same plane, and at the moment, an operator needs to observe the hilly terrain fluctuation condition on an operation table 18 and adjust the fluctuation frequency in real time, so that the spray seeding machine meets the current working environment;

basin mode: the basin topography is low in the middle and high around, a spray-seeding mode of a depression angle is adopted, the angle between a spray-seeding frame gun 11 and a plane of a spray-seeding machine 1 is gradually increased in the spray-seeding process, a spray-seeding mode from low to high from left to right is adopted, an auxiliary rail 15 moves upwards during spray-seeding, a main rail 14 is kept on the plane of the spray-seeding machine 1, the relative height of a main clamping device 12 is lower than that of an auxiliary clamping device 13, the angle between the spray-seeding frame gun 11 and the plane of the spray-seeding machine 1 is an inclined angle which is not more than 20 degrees, the main clamping device 12 moves from the left end to the right end of the main rail 14 at the moment, the relative position between the main clamping device 12 and the auxiliary clamping device 13 is kept unchanged, the auxiliary rail 15 gradually descends in the moving process, the angle between the spray-seeding frame gun 11 and the plane of the spray-seeding machine 1 is gradually increased, an operator needs to observe the state that wood fiber mixed liquor covers the earth surface of a working environment on an operation table 18, the working states of the main track 14, the main clamping device 12, the auxiliary clamping device 13 and the auxiliary track 15 can be manually controlled and adjusted, so that the current working state of the spray seeder meets the current working environment;

the working states of the main rail 14, the main clamping device 12 and the auxiliary clamping device 13 and the auxiliary rail 15 are adjusted, so that the spraying and seeding machine can meet the current working environment;

as shown in fig. 1, the pipeline 19 is fixedly connected with the spray-seeding frame gun 11 to ensure the stability of the pipeline in transporting the wood fiber mixed liquid;

as shown in fig. 1, the clamping rail 16 is used for clamping the expanded spray-seeding frame gun 11, and the clamping rail 16 can move left and right to better clamp the expanded spray gun;

as shown in fig. 1, the clamping rail 16 is used for maintaining the stability of the spread spray-seeding rack gun 11 in transporting wood fiber mixed liquid, and due to the clamping function of the clamping rail 16, the spread spray-seeding rack gun 11 can be freely moved to any position of the spray-seeding machine 1;

as shown in fig. 1, the length of the spray-seeding frame gun 11 can be adjusted to freely move to any position of the spray-seeding machine;

as shown in fig. 1, the spray-seeding frame gun 11, the main rail 14, the auxiliary rail 15, the main clamping device 12 and the auxiliary clamping device 13 cooperate to realize free movement to any position of the spray-seeding machine;

as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the spray-seeding rack gun 11 comprises an operating rod 111, a reinforcing ring 112, a rail 113, a hose 114, a movable pipe 115, a fixed pipe 116, an adjustable-diameter clamping device 117, a flow guide pipe 118 and a reinforcing flow pipe 119;

as shown in fig. 3, the reinforcing ring 112 is used to reinforce the connection stability between the fixed movable tube 115 and the fixed tube 116;

as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the operating rod 111 is used for controlling the adjustable diameter clamping device 117, and the clamping diameter of the adjustable diameter clamping device 117 can be changed by controlling the operating rod 111;

as shown in fig. 13, the adjustable diameter clamp 117 includes a ring gear 1171, a gear 1172, a flapper 1173;

as shown in fig. 13, the adjustable diameter clamp 117 may be used either electrically or manually;

as shown in fig. 13, a motor is connected to the rear of the gear 1172, when the motor is started, the gear 1172 moves along the gear ring 1171, and when the gear 1172 moves along the gear ring 1171, the shielding area of the movable baffle 1173 can be changed, so that the pipeline radius can be changed;

as shown in fig. 13, the gear 1172 is provided with an operating rod 111, and an operator can move the operating rod 111 to drive the gear 1172 to move along the gear ring 1171, so that the shielding area of the movable baffle 1173 can be changed;

as shown in fig. 3, the operating lever 111 moves along the rail 113. The clamping diameter of the adjustable diameter clamping device 117 can be changed by moving the operating lever 111;

as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the adjustable diameter clamping device 117 is used for clamping the hose 114;

as shown in fig. 6, the flexible tube 114 is extensible, and the flexible tube 114 is compressed under normal operating conditions;

as shown in fig. 3, the fixing tube 116 is used to ensure the stability of the spray-seeding rack gun 11;

as shown in fig. 3, the movable tube 115 is used for spreading the spray-seeding frame gun 11;

as shown in fig. 3, the fixing tube 116 and the reinforcing ring 112 cooperate to achieve stability of the spray-seeding frame gun during spraying;

as shown in fig. 3, the fixed tube 116 and the reinforcing ring 112 cooperate with the movable tube 115 to realize stable operation of the spray-seeding frame gun 11, and the movable tube 115 is slidably connected inside the fixed tube 116;

as shown in fig. 3 and 6, the operating rod 111 cooperates with the adjustable diameter clamping device 117 to realize the expandable spray-seeding frame gun 11;

as shown in fig. 3 and 6, the fixed tube 116, the reinforcing ring 112, the movable tube 115 and the flexible tube 114 cooperate, and the operating rod 111 and the adjustable diameter clamping device 117 cooperate to expand and stably operate the spray-seeding frame gun 11;

as shown in fig. 3 and 6, a hose 114 is arranged in the spray-seeding frame gun 11, a clamping device 117 with an adjustable diameter is arranged around the hose 114, the clamping diameter of the clamping device 117 with an adjustable diameter can be adjusted by controlling the upper operating rod 111 of the clamping device 117 with an adjustable diameter, under normal conditions, the hose 114 is clamped and fixed by the clamping device 117 with an adjustable diameter, when the spray gun needs to be moved, the clamping diameter of the clamping device 117 with an adjustable diameter can be changed by controlling the operating rod 111, so that the clamping device 117 with an adjustable diameter releases the hose 114, the spray-seeding frame gun 11 can be extended, the length of the spray-seeding frame gun 11 can be increased, the spray-seeding frame gun 11 can freely move in the spray-seeding machine 1, when the spray-seeding frame gun 11 reaches a designated position, an operator changes the clamping diameter of the clamping device 117 with an adjustable diameter through the operating rod 111, so that the clamping device 117 with an adjustable diameter clamps the hose 114, and the spray-seeding frame gun 11 can be fixed, the inner wall of the hose can be automatically expanded to solve the problem that the spray-seeding frame gun is blocked by wood fiber clusters, and meanwhile, the diameter-adjustable clamping device 117 can change the diameter of the hose 15 to realize real-time change of flow and lift, so that the spray-seeding machine is suitable for various working environments;

as shown in fig. 6, the operation rod 111 can control the spreading and clamping of the spray-seeding frame gun 11;

as shown in fig. 4, the flow guide tube 118 is used for connecting the hoses 114 and performing the flow guiding function;

as shown in fig. 4, the reinforced flow pipe 119 is used for pressurizing the wood fiber mixture so that the wood fiber mixture can be sprayed to a higher working environment;

as shown in fig. 3, the spray-seeding frame gun 11 is divided into an inner tube and an outer tube, the outer tube is used for keeping stable and fixed connection, the inner tube is used for transporting wood fiber mixed liquor, the outer tube is composed of a fixed tube 116, a movable tube 115 and a reinforcing ring 112, and the inner tube is composed of a hose 114;

as shown in fig. 7, the clamping device comprises a clamp 121, a front and back moving box 122, a moving box telescopic rod 123, a left and right moving box 124 and a moving pulley 125;

as shown in fig. 7, the clip 121 includes a clip expansion link 1211;

as shown in fig. 8, 9, 10, and 11, the forward and backward movement case 122 includes a moving plate 1221, a spline 1222, a sleeve 1223, a rack bar 1224, and a fixed rolling body 1225;

as shown in fig. 8, the moving plate 1221 includes a mounting hole 12211;

as shown in fig. 10, the right-left shift box 124 includes a concave groove 1241;

as shown in fig. 12, the rack 1224 includes a rack wheel 12241;

as shown in fig. 11, the fixed rolling element 1225 includes a fixed surface 12251, a rolling surface 12252, a rolling element 12253, a dynamic surface 12254, and a dynamic spline 12255;

as shown in fig. 7, a clamp expansion link 1211 is arranged below the clamp 121, and the clamp expansion link 1211 is used for adjusting the relative height of the clamp 121;

as shown in fig. 7, the clamp 121 and the clamp expansion link 1211 cooperate together to allow the spraying frame gun 11 to be more flexibly adjusted in angle and clamping point to be suitable for the current working environment;

as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a forward and backward moving box 122 is arranged below the clamp expansion link 1211, and a fixed rolling body 1225 is fixed on the inner wall of the forward and backward moving box 122;

as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a rack bar 1224 is inserted on the fixed rolling body 1225, and a sleeve 1223 is disposed on the rack bar 1224;

as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a moving plate 1221 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 1223, the moving plate 1221 is provided with a mounting hole 12211, the mounting hole 12211 is used for mounting a clip expansion link 1211, and the clip expansion link 1211 is connected to the clip 121;

as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the clip expansion link 1211 can move the clip 121 up and down;

as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the mounting hole 12211 is fixedly connected to the clip expansion link 1211;

as shown in fig. 9, the front-back moving box 122 is a U-shaped structure, and the inner left surface of the front-back moving box 122 and the inner right surface of the front-back moving box 122 together form a moving space, which enables the clip 121 to move freely in the front-back direction;

as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the movable space cooperates with the moving plate 1221, the sleeve 1223, the rack 1224 and the fixed rolling element 1225 to move the clamp 121 freely back and forth;

as shown in fig. 11, the fixing surface 12251 is fixed to the front-rear movement case inner wall;

as shown in fig. 11, the power tooth socket 12255 is connected with the rack bar 1224, the rack bar wheel 12241 is inserted into the power tooth socket 12255, when the power tooth socket 12255 rotates, the power surface 12254 rotates, when the power surface 12254 rotates, the rolling body 12253 rotates along the rolling surface 12252, and the rolling surface 12252 is connected with the fixed surface 12251 through a bearing, so that the rotation of the rack bar 1224 is realized;

as shown in fig. 8, two fixed rolling bodies 1225 are disposed in parallel on the inner wall of the front and rear traveling case, and the two fixed rolling bodies 1225 are connected by a rack bar 1224;

as shown in fig. 8, the rotation of the rack 1224 drives the clip expansion link 1211 on the moving plate 1221 to rotate back and forth, and the clip expansion link 1211 drives the clip 121 to move back and forth;

as shown in fig. 7, a moving box telescopic rod 123 is arranged below the front-back moving box 122, and the moving box telescopic rod 123 is used for adjusting the height of the front-back moving box 122 so as to adjust the angle of the spray-seeding rack gun 11;

as shown in fig. 7, a left-right moving box 124 is arranged below the moving box telescopic rod 123;

as shown in fig. 7, a movable pulley 125 is arranged below the left and right moving box 124;

as shown in fig. 7 and 10, a fixed rolling element 1225 is disposed at the bottom inside the left-right moving box 124, and a concave groove 1241 is disposed at a position corresponding to the power tooth slot 12255 at the top of the surface of the left-right moving box 124;

as shown in fig. 7, one end of the moving box expansion link 123 is inserted into a tooth slot 1222, and the other end is inserted into a power tooth slot 12255 of a fixed rolling element 1225 below the concave slot 1241;

as shown in fig. 7 and 10, the left and right moving box 124 and the moving box telescopic rod 123 cooperate with the fixed rolling body 1225 to realize the left and right rotation of the front and rear moving box 122;

example two

As shown in fig. 2, the spray seeding machine includes a spray seeding machine 1, a pumping mechanism 30, a gear-shifting reducer 301, a diesel engine 302, an oil tank 303, a stirring system 40, a primary filter screen 401, a feeding port 402, a vibrating device 403, a primary stirring device 404, a slag-removing port 405, a secondary filter screen 406, a secondary stirring device 407, a settling tank 408, a settling tank side door 4081, and a spray seeding machine frame 409;

as shown in fig. 2, the pumping mechanism 30 includes a gear shifting reducer 301, a diesel engine 302, and an oil tank 303, and the spray-seeding frame gun 11 is communicated with the pumping mechanism 30 through a pipeline 19;

as shown in fig. 2, the stirring system 40 includes a primary filter screen 401, a feeding port 402, a vibrating device 403, a primary stirring device 404, a slag removal port 405, a secondary filter screen 406, a secondary stirring device 407, a settling tank 408, a settling tank side door 4081, and a seed-spraying machine frame 409;

as shown in fig. 2, a feeding port 402 is installed at the right side of a frame 409 of a seed-spraying machine, a primary filter screen 401 is arranged above the feeding port 402, and a vibrating device 403 is arranged on the primary filter screen 401;

as shown in fig. 3, the stirring system 40 is arranged inside the right side of the frame 409 of the spraying seeder;

as shown in fig. 3, the stirring system 40 is divided into a lower two-axis stirring device 407 and an upper one-axis stirring device 404, a secondary filter screen 406 is disposed between the two-axis and one-axis stirring devices 404 in the stirring system 40, a slag removal port 405 is disposed on a side surface of the stirring system 40 corresponding to the secondary filter screen 406, settling ponds 408 are disposed on two sides of an inner lower portion of the stirring system 40, and settling pond side doors 4081 are disposed on side surfaces of the stirring system 40 corresponding to the settling ponds 408;

as shown in fig. 3, a shift reducer 301 is disposed between the two-shaft stirring device 407 and the pumping mechanism 30;

as shown in fig. 1, the worker shown in fig. 2 puts materials such as adhesive, water-retaining agent, nutrient fertilizer, compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, nutrient solution, grass seeds, wood fiber and the like into a feeding port 402, and after stirring and screening by a first-axis stirring device 404, a second-axis filtering net 406 and a second-axis stirring device 407, the prepared wood fiber mixed solution flows into a spray-seeding frame gun 11 from a pipeline 19, and the spray-seeding frame gun 11 sprays the prepared wood fiber mixed solution to the current working environment;

EXAMPLE III

A wood fiber soilless spray seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope comprises the following steps:

s1: clearing the slope surface, namely clearing garbage, sundries, pumice and dangerous rocks of the slope surface to be constructed;

s2: the method is characterized in that a catch-up ditch is arranged at the top of the slope, so that the slope surface is prevented from being damaged due to scouring of the slope surface by ground catchment during rainfall; when the slope surface is cleaned, corners and edges of the slope surface are trimmed into arc shapes, so that the stability of the sprayed foreign soil is facilitated;

s3: laying a fixed net: the high-strength three-dimensional net is integrally laid on the slope surface from top to bottom, the net surface and the slope surface are kept parallel to the greatest extent, the upward extension of the slope is 30-40 cm, the downward extension of the slope is 20-30 cm, the net and the net are overlapped, and the overlapping length is 3-5 cm;

s4: reinforcing: anchoring bolts are adopted at the top of the slope, the bottom of the slope, the slope edge and the lap joint, and the slope surface is fixed with a high-strength three-dimensional net by adopting U-shaped steel bolts;

s5: preparing a matrix material: fully mixing and stirring the components in the spray seeding material according to the proportion to obtain a mixture;

s6: spray seeding: and conveying the mixed wood fiber material to a spray seeding machine through a pumping system to spray seeding the slope.

Working principle of the invention

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the automatic spray seeding under various environments is realized by the main clamping device 12, the auxiliary clamping device 13, the spray seeding frame gun 11 and the operation table 18, for example, in plain areas, an operator opens the operation table 18 to click a plain mode, at this time, the operator puts materials such as adhesives, water-retaining agents, nutritional fertilizers, compound fertilizers, organic fertilizers, nutrient solutions, grass seeds, wood fibers and the like into the feeding port 402, and after stirring and screening by the first-shaft stirring device 404, the secondary filter screen 406 and the second-shaft stirring device 407, the prepared wood fiber mixed liquid flows into the spray seeding frame gun 11 from the pipeline 19, and the spray seeding frame gun 11 sprays the prepared wood fiber mixed liquid to the current working environment, and the working flows of other modes are the same as the above;

the invention can carry out automatic spray-seeding without being held by workers, thereby increasing the working efficiency, reducing the labor cost and improving the construction quality;

the spray gun can be moved to any position of the spray-seeding machine, large-area spray-seeding operation can be carried out without moving the spray-seeding machine, machine loss and construction cost are reduced, and working efficiency and construction quality are improved;

the spray gun can be moved to any position of the spray-seeding machine, so that wood fiber mixed liquid can be uniformly sprayed and seeded in the current working environment, and the construction quality is improved;

the spray gun is mechanically clamped, and the spray gun can be adjusted to a reasonable position according to different terrains, so that the spray gun is suitable for the current working environment, and the working efficiency and the construction quality are improved;

the operating console is provided with the automatic spray-seeding mode switching button, and different spray-seeding modes can be adopted according to different working environments, so that the spray-seeding machine is suitable for the current working environment, and the working efficiency and the construction quality are improved.

Claims (10)

1. A wood fiber soilless spray seeding method for ecological restoration of a high and steep slope is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: clearing the slope surface, namely clearing garbage, sundries, pumice and dangerous rocks of the slope surface to be constructed;

s2: the method is characterized in that a catch-up ditch is arranged at the top of the slope, so that the slope surface is prevented from being damaged due to scouring of the slope surface by ground catchment during rainfall; when the slope surface is cleaned, corners and edges of the slope surface are trimmed into arc shapes, so that the stability of the sprayed foreign soil is facilitated;

s3: laying a fixed net: the high-strength three-dimensional net is integrally laid on the slope surface from top to bottom, the net surface and the slope surface are kept parallel to the greatest extent, the upward extension of the slope is 30-40 cm, the downward extension of the slope is 20-30 cm, the net and the net are overlapped, and the overlapping length is 3-5 cm;

s4: reinforcing: anchoring bolts are adopted at the top of the slope, the bottom of the slope, the slope edge and the lap joint, and the slope surface is fixed with a high-strength three-dimensional net by adopting U-shaped steel bolts;

s5: preparing a matrix material: fully mixing and stirring the components in the spray seeding material according to the proportion to obtain a mixture;

s6: spray seeding: conveying the mixed wood fiber material to a spray seeding machine through a pumping system to perform spray seeding on the slope; the spray seeding machine comprises a spray seeding machine (1), a pumping mechanism (30), a stirring system (40), a spray seeding machine rack (409) and a pipeline (19), wherein a feeding port (402) is formed in the top end of the right side of the spray seeding machine rack (409), the spray seeding machine (1) is arranged on the top end of the left side of the spray seeding machine rack (409), the stirring system (40) is arranged inside the right side of the rack (200), the spray seeding machine (1) is communicated with the pumping mechanism (30) through the pipeline (19), the spray seeding machine (1) comprises a spray seeding frame gun (11), a main clamping device (12), an auxiliary clamping device (13), a main track (14), an auxiliary track (15), an operating space (17), an operating platform (18) and an operating platform slide rail (20), a main clamping device (12) is arranged at the bottom end of the front side of the spray seeding frame gun (11), and an auxiliary clamping device (13) is arranged at the bottom end of the rear side of the spray seeding frame gun (11), main clamping device (12) slides on main track (14), vice clamping device (13) slides on vice track (15), sliding connection has operation panel telescopic link (181) on operation panel slide rail (20), the top of operation panel telescopic link (181) is provided with operation panel (18), and operation panel (18) set up in operating space (17), spray-seeding frame rifle (11) is equipped with hose (114) including action bars (111), beaded finish (112), track (113), hose (114), movable tube (115), fixed tube (116), adjustable diameter clamping device (117), honeycomb duct (118), reinforced flow tube (119) in spray-seeding frame rifle (11), hose (114) are equipped with adjustable diameter clamping device (117) all around, action bars (111) are connected with adjustable diameter clamping device (117), connect through honeycomb duct (118) between hose (114), hose (114) keep away from the one end of spout and be provided with enhancement flow tube (119), the outside of frame rifle of spouting (11) comprises fixed pipe (116) and activity pipe (115), and activity pipe (115) sliding connection is in the inside of fixed pipe (116), and the tip outside of fixed pipe (116) is provided with beaded finish (112), and beaded finish (112) surface is provided with track (113), action bars (111) move along track (113).

2. The wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of high and steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the main clamping device (12) is the same as that of the auxiliary clamping device (13), the main clamping device (12) comprises a clamp (121), a front and back moving box (122), a moving box telescopic rod (123), a left and right moving box (124) and a moving pulley (125), the moving pulley (125) is connected to the main track (14) in a sliding mode, the left and right moving box (124) is arranged at the top end of the moving pulley (125), the moving box telescopic rod (123) is arranged at the top end of the left and right moving box (124), the front and back moving box (122) is arranged at the top end of the moving box telescopic rod (123), and the clamp (121) is arranged above the front and back moving box (122) for connection.

3. The wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of high and steep slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that: the front and back moving box (122) comprises a moving plate (1221), tooth grooves (1222), sleeves (1223), a toothed bar (1224) and fixed rolling bodies (1225), the front and back moving box (122) is of a U-shaped structure, the fixed rolling bodies (1225) are fixed to the bottoms of the U-shaped grooves on the two sides of the front and back moving box (122), the toothed bar (1224) is arranged between the fixed rolling bodies (1225) on the two sides, the sleeves (1223) are arranged in the middle of the surface of the toothed bar (1224), the moving plate (1221) is fixedly connected to the sleeves (1223), mounting holes (12211) are formed in the moving plate (1221), a clamp telescopic rod (1211) is installed in the mounting holes (12211), a clamp (121) is fixed to the top end of the clamp telescopic rod (1211), and the tooth grooves (1222) are arranged at the bottom end of the front and back moving box (122).

4. The wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of high and steep slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that: the fixed rolling body (1225) comprises a fixed surface (12251), a rolling surface (12252), a rolling body (12253), a power surface (12254) and power tooth grooves (12255), the fixed surface (12251) is fixed on the front-back moving box inner wall (1229), the power tooth grooves (12255) are formed in the middle of the fixed surface (12251), tooth bar wheels (12241) matched with the power tooth grooves (12255) are arranged at two ends of a tooth bar (1224), the tooth bar wheels (12241) are inserted into the power tooth grooves (12255), a plurality of rolling bodies (12253) are arranged on the outer side of the power tooth grooves (12255) in a circumferential mode around the power tooth grooves (12255), the rolling bodies (12253) are located in the rolling surface (12252), the fixed surface (12251) is arranged on the outer side of the rolling surface (12252), and the rolling surface (12252) is connected with the fixed surface (12251) through bearings.

5. The wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of high and steep slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that: the bottom in the left and right moving box (124) is provided with a fixed rolling body (1225), the top of the surface of the left and right moving box (124) is provided with a concave groove (1241) at a position corresponding to the power tooth groove (12255), one end of the moving box telescopic rod (123) is inserted into the tooth groove (1222), and the other end of the moving box telescopic rod is inserted into the power tooth groove (12255) below the concave groove (1241).

6. The wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of high and steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjustable diameter clamping device (117) comprises a gear ring (1171), a gear (1172) and a movable baffle (1173), the rear part of the gear (1172) is connected with a motor, the gear (1172) moves along the gear ring (1171), and a plurality of arc-shaped movable baffles (1173) are arranged on the inner side of the gear ring.

7. The wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of high and steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a clamping track (16) is arranged at the top end of the platform of the spray seeder (1) and at one side far away from the port of the spray seeder (1).

8. The wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of high and steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: mixing system (40) divide into two agitating unit (407) of lower part and an agitating unit (404) on upper portion, two agitating unit (407) with be provided with secondary filter screen (406) between an agitating unit (404), the outside of mixing system (40) and the position that corresponds with secondary filter screen (406) are equipped with clear cinder notch (405), be provided with stirring switching-over gear shifting reduction gear (210) between two agitating unit (206) and power unit diesel engine (209), the inside bottom of mixing system (40) is equipped with sedimentation tank (408), the outside of mixing system (40) and the position that corresponds with sedimentation tank (408) are equipped with sedimentation tank side door (4081).

9. The wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of high and steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: a primary filter screen (401) is arranged above the feeding port (402), the primary filter screen (401) is connected with a vibration device (403), and the vibration device (403) is arranged at the top end of the frame (409) of the spray seeding machine.

10. The wood fiber soilless spray-seeding method for ecological restoration of high and steep slopes according to claim 8, characterized in that: the pumping mechanism (30) comprises a gear shifting speed reducer (301), a diesel engine (302) and an oil tank (303), and the gear shifting speed reducer (301) is arranged between the two-shaft stirring device (407) and the pumping mechanism (30).

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