CN113991300B - Double-layer transmission array antenna based on Yelu scattering cross and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Double-layer transmission array antenna based on Yelu scattering cross and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113991300B CN113991300B CN202111621919.9A CN202111621919A CN113991300B CN 113991300 B CN113991300 B CN 113991300B CN 202111621919 A CN202111621919 A CN 202111621919A CN 113991300 B CN113991300 B CN 113991300B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
Abstract
The invention provides a double-layer transmission array antenna based on a Yelu scattering cross and an implementation method thereof, wherein the double-layer transmission array antenna comprises a feed source and a transmission array formed by a substrate and two metal layers arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate; the two metal layers have the same structure, and each metal layer comprises a plurality of periodically arranged Yelu cooling cross units; the base plate and the yerroad cooling cross units which are correspondingly arranged up and down and have the same structure form a transmission array unit of the transmission array; the yale spreading cold cross unit comprises cross metal branches formed by four main branches, a first branch perpendicular to the main branches is formed on each main branch, metalized through holes used for connecting the cross metal branches on the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate are formed in each main branch, and the yale spreading cold cross unit is of a rotational symmetric structure. The double-layer transmission array antenna has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high gain and high aperture efficiency, and can meet the high-performance communication requirement in a millimeter wave frequency band.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an antenna technology in a wireless communication system, in particular to a double-layer transmission array antenna based on a Yelu cold cross and an implementation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the spectrum resources of the traditional low frequency have become very crowded, and the current fifth generation communication technology (5G) and the next generation communication technology are evolving towards higher frequency and larger bandwidth. However, as the frequency increases, the transmission attenuation of signals in the atmosphere also increases significantly, so that a high gain requirement is imposed on the front-end antenna of the radio frequency in order to realize long-distance directional radiation in the millimeter wave frequency band. The currently common high-gain antenna forms mainly include a reflective array antenna, a transmissive array antenna and a lens antenna. The basic principles of the three types of antennas are similar, and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feed source are regulated and controlled by introducing a device (a reflection array, a transmission array and a lens) in the radiation direction of the feed source antenna, so that a plane wave with consistent phase is obtained, and the high-gain performance is realized. For the reflective array antenna, because the feed antenna and the final outgoing wave are on the same side, there is a shielding effect, and the incident wave and the outgoing wave are aliased, the design is relatively difficult, and the application is limited. While transmissive array antennas and lens antennas do not suffer from the inherent drawbacks described above, lens antennas are generally difficult to planarize and do not have as high a gain as transmissive array antennas.
The transmission array antenna combines the advantages of the traditional lens antenna and the microstrip array antenna, and the phase-shifting surface based on the planar structure eliminates the inconvenience caused by the curved surface design of the lens antenna, and has a simple structure and is convenient to install. Meanwhile, compared with the complex processing mode of the traditional spherical and cylindrical lens, the transmission array can be realized by adopting a PCB (printed Circuit Board) processing technology, and has lower processing cost and lower antenna weight. The transmission array antenna is essentially a lens antenna, is an antenna form combining geometric optics theory and array comprehensive theory, and has the working principle that spherical waves radiated by a feed source antenna are subjected to phase control through a phase shifting unit and are converted into plane waves, so that high-gain pencil beams are obtained. The transmission array antenna is generally composed of a transmission array and a feed source, wherein the feed source is a broadband high-efficiency horn antenna, the transmission array is composed of a certain number of transmission units, and the transmission units mainly have a multi-layer frequency selection surface type and a receiving-reradiating type. The multilayer frequency selective surface type consists of a multilayer dielectric substrate and a multilayer metal structure, wherein the distance between every two layers is about a quarter wavelength, the multilayer frequency selective surface type is a periodic sub-wavelength structure, and phase compensation is realized by adjusting the physical size of a transmission unit. The receiving-reradiating transmission unit also consists of a multilayer dielectric substrate and is usually loaded with a diode or a varactor, and the phase regulation of the transmission unit is realized by regulating the lumped elements, so that the polarization and directional diagram of the antenna can be reconstructed.
However, the existing multilayer frequency selective surface type transmission unit consists of multilayer dielectric substrates, and has the problem of large dielectric loss, which finally causes the transmission array antenna to have low efficiency; also, the multi-layer PCB increases the processing cost and the profile height of the transmissive matrix. For the receiving-reradiating type transmission unit, the unit is also composed of a plurality of dielectric substrates, and the structure of the unit is complex; the transmissive array antenna also has the disadvantage of low efficiency due to the insertion loss and high Q value introduced by the lumped element. In addition, the large number of lumped elements also results in expensive processing.
Through the summary analysis of the prior art, the currently mainstream transmission array antenna has the defects of high processing cost and low efficiency. In addition, the existing millimeter wave transmission array antenna also has the problems of high profile and low aperture efficiency, and is difficult to well meet the high-quality communication requirement of a millimeter wave frequency band on a high-gain application scene.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention at least partially solves the above problems of the prior art, and provides a dual-layer transmissive array antenna based on a yersinia scattering cross and a method for implementing the same.
The invention discloses a double-layer transmission array antenna based on a Yelu spreading cold cross, which comprises a transmission array and a feed source, wherein the transmission array comprises a dielectric substrate and two metal layers arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the two metal layers have the same structure, and each metal layer comprises a plurality of periodically arranged Yelu cooling cross units;
the dielectric substrate and the two Jersey scattering cold cross units which are oppositely arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and have the same structure form a transmission array unit of the transmission array;
the yale scattering cross unit comprises cross metal branches formed by four main branches, a first branch perpendicular to the main branches is formed on each main branch, a metalized through hole used for connecting two opposite cross metal branches on the upper surface and the lower surface of the medium substrate is formed in each main branch, and the yale scattering cross unit is of a rotational symmetric structure.
Preferably a plurality ofThe first-type Y road cold spreading cross units are periodically arranged and have variable first size parameters, and the first size parameters are the lengths d from the first branches to a section of main branches at the end part of the main branches1。
Preferably, the length d1With variations to provide phase compensation over the range of 225 and 360.
Preferably, the plurality of yersinia cooling cross units include a second type of yersinia cooling cross unit, and the four ends of the cross-shaped metal branches of the second type of yersinia cooling cross unit are respectively provided with a second branch perpendicular to the corresponding main branch.
Preferably, the second type of periodically arranged jerusalem cooling cross units have a second variable size parameter, which is the length d of the second branch2。
Preferably, the length d2With variations to provide phase compensation in the range of 0-225 deg..
Preferably, the metalized through hole is arranged at the intersection of the first branch and the main branch, and the diameter of the metalized through hole is equal to the width of the first branch.
Preferably, the first and second branches are both w in width1Width w of main branch0=2w1。
The invention also provides a method for realizing the transmission array antenna, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging two metal layers with the same structure on the upper surface and the lower surface of a dielectric substrate to form a transmission array, wherein the metal layers are constructed to be formed by a plurality of periodically arranged Yelu cold cross units, and the dielectric substrate and the two Yelu cold cross units which are oppositely arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and have the same structure form one transmission array unit of the transmission array;
s2, arranging the Yelu spreading cold cross unit into a cross-shaped metal branch knot comprising four main branch knots, and arranging a first branch knot perpendicular to each main branch knot on each main branch knot;
and S3, arranging a metalized through hole for connecting two opposite cross-shaped metal branches on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate on each main branch, and setting the Y-road cooling cross unit into a rotational symmetric structure.
Preferably, two types of Yelu cold cross units are provided, the first type of Yelu cold cross unit having a first size parameter varying from the first branch to the length d of a section of the main branch at the end of the main branch1(ii) a The four tail ends of the cross-shaped metal branch of the second type of Yelu cold cross unit are respectively provided with a second branch perpendicular to the corresponding main branch, the second type of Yelu cold cross unit has a second size parameter which is changed, and the second size parameter is the length d of the second branch2。
The significant advancement of the present invention is at least reflected in:
the double-layer transmission array antenna has the advantages of high gain, high aperture efficiency, simple structure and the like, can realize long-distance directional communication based on the high gain of the antenna, and can better meet the requirement of a millimeter wave frequency band on the communication distance; based on the higher aperture efficiency of the antenna, the communication quality of the antenna can be effectively improved; the structure of the antenna is simple, at least, the realization of the double-layer transmission array antenna is realized only by arranging one layer of dielectric substrate and two layers of metal, and the antenna has the advantages of low profile, easy assembly, low processing cost and the like, and has stronger practical application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first type of Yelu-cooled cross cell in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second type of Yelu-cooled cross cell according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows the transmission loss and phase versus dimension d for a Yellowser cross cell of the first type1A varying response profile;
FIG. 4 shows the transmission loss and phase versus dimension d for a second type of Yellowser cross cell2A varying response profile;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement relationship between the transmission array and the feed antenna in the present application;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a transmissive array according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the phase compensation distribution of each transmissive array unit in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a return loss diagram of a dual-layer transmissive array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a directional diagram of a dual layer transmissive array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a graph of peak gain and aperture efficiency for a dual layer transmissive array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
1-transmission array, 11-dielectric substrate, 12-main branch, 13-first branch, 14-metalized through hole, 15-second branch and 2-feed source antenna.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-10, the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:
with reference to fig. 1, 5 and 6, the present embodiment provides a two-layer transmission array antenna based on a yersinia scattering cross, which includes a transmission array 1 and a feed antenna 2, where the transmission array includes a dielectric substrate 11 and two metal layers disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate 11; the structure arrangement of the two metal layers is completely the same, and each metal layer comprises a plurality of periodically arranged Yelu cooling cross units; optionally, the feed source antenna adopts a horn-shaped feed source antenna;
the dielectric substrate 11 and two Jersey scattering cold cross units which are arranged oppositely on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 11 and have the same structure form a transmission array unit of the transmission array;
the yale scattering cold cross unit comprises cross metal branches formed by four main branches 12, a first branch 13 perpendicular to the main branches 12 is formed on each main branch 12, a metalized through hole 14 used for connecting two opposite cross metal branches on the upper surface and the lower surface of the medium substrate 11 is formed in each main branch 12, and the whole body of each yale scattering cold cross unit is of a rotational symmetric structure.
As shown in fig. 5, it can be understood that the transmission array 1 of the present embodiment is generally disposed in the radiation direction of the feed antenna 2, and is used for performing phase control on the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feed antenna 2, so that the electromagnetic waves finally coming out of the transmission array 1 have the same phase, thereby realizing that spherical waves radiated by the feed antenna 2 are converted into plane waves, and realizing high gain. Specifically, the phase adjustment and control of the dual-layer transmissive array antenna of this embodiment is realized by the phase compensation effect of the transmissive array units, that is, each transmissive array unit is used to realize the phase compensation of a certain phase difference. Generally, the focal point of the transmission array antenna is arranged at the center right below the transmission array 1, the phase center of the aperture plane of the feed antenna 2 is located at the focal point, and the distance from the feed antenna 2 to the transmission array 1 is called as the focal length. By means of the ferman principle in the optical theory, the phase difference from the focus to each transmission array unit can be calculated, and the phase compensation effect corresponding to the phase difference is achieved through the transmission array units, so that the electromagnetic waves coming out of each transmission array unit have the same phase. Furthermore, the size parameters of each Yelu cooling cross unit can be correspondingly designed according to the phase compensation value to be realized by each transmission array unit, so that the regulation and control of the phase position can be realized.
It should be further noted that the transmission array in the dual-layer transmission array antenna of this embodiment only includes one dielectric substrate and two metal layers with the same structure, and compared with the existing transmission array formed by multiple dielectric substrates, the transmission array antenna greatly reduces the dielectric loss and improves the efficiency of the transmission array antenna. Meanwhile, the single-layer dielectric substrate is arranged, so that the double-layer transmission array antenna has a lower section height, and the processing cost is obviously reduced.
It should be further noted that, in the dual-layer transmissive array antenna of this embodiment, two opposite cross metal branches on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate are connected through the metalized through hole, so that the coupling coefficient of the transmissive array unit can be better improved, and the transmission loss can be significantly reduced.
In conclusion, the double-layer transmission array antenna of the embodiment has the advantages of low cost, high gain and high aperture efficiency, and can better meet the high-quality communication requirement of the millimeter wave frequency band on a high-gain application scene.
In order to obtain better effects of improving the coupling coefficient of the transmissive array unit and significantly reducing the transmission loss, in some embodiments, it is proposed that the metalized through hole is arranged at the intersection of the first branch and the main branch, and the diameter of the metalized through hole is set to be equal to or close to the width of the first branch.
As a preferred embodiment, the plurality of yersinia cooling cross units include a first type of yersinia cooling cross unit, and the first type of yersinia cooling cross units arranged periodically have a variable first size parameter, where the first size parameter is a length d of a section of the main branch from the first branch to an end of the main branch1. It will be appreciated that the first type of yersinia cooling cross cells have different set lengths d1Different phase compensation values can be provided, so that a plurality of periodically arranged first-type Y-shaped sprinkling cross units can form distribution of different phase compensation. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, each main branch may be viewed as being formed from a length d0And a first main branch segment of length d1Is formed by the second main branch segment of (a). For convenience of description, an edge of the first branch section near the end of the main branch section is defined as an outer side edge, and in each main branch section, the first main branch section is a part from the center of the cross-shaped metal branch section to the outer side edge of the corresponding first branch section, and the second main branch section is a part from the outer side edge of the corresponding first branch section to the end of the main branch section. It should be noted that, in the plurality of first type yersinia cooling cross units arranged periodically, the length d of the first main branch segment in each first type yersinia cooling cross unit may be set0The length d of the second main branch segment is fixedly and variably set according to the phase compensation value to be realized1Thereby, desired phase regulation can be obtained.
It should be further noted that, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the length d of a section of the main branch section (second main branch section) from the first branch section to the end of the main branch section is adjusted1Different phase compensation is realized, and based on the arrangement of the first branch, the miniaturization design of the overall size of the yarrow cooling cross unit can be effectively realized. Specifically, the current path is increased by the arrangement of the first branch, and compared with a mode without the first branch, the mode of the embodiment of the present application can be used for a shorter length d1The same phase compensation is realized, so that the corresponding phase compensation requirement can be met, and meanwhile, the length d can be maximally shortened1The size of the structure effectively realizes the miniaturization design.
Preferably, the length d1The length d of the plurality of Yelu-cooling cross units arranged in a certain range, namely, in a periodic manner1Varying within this range, phase compensation in the range of 225 and 360 DEG, i.e. with the length d, can be provided on the basis of this setting range1Different phase compensation values within the range may be provided. Preferably, the length d1The setting range of (A) is 0.5 mm-0.85 mm. Referring to FIG. 3, the length d of a Yersinia chilling cross cell is shown1Set in the range of 0.5 mm-0.85 mm, the transmission loss and the transmission phase of the yarrow cooling cross unit of the present embodiment follow the dimension d1Varying response profiles. It can be seen that d is based on1The variation range can provide 225-360 DEG phase compensation (transmission phase), and the phase of the compensation is dependent on the length d1The change of the optical fiber has continuity and consistency, and the transmission loss is less than 2 dB.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the plurality of yersinia cooling cross units includes a second type of yersinia cooling cross unit, and the second type of yersinia cooling cross unit is different from the first type of yersinia cooling cross unit in that d of the second type of yersinia cooling cross unit1The fixing is unchanged, and the four tail ends of the cross-shaped metal branch are respectively provided with a second branch 15 which is vertical to the corresponding main branch. It will be appreciated that the above-described,the second stub is arranged to provide a certain amount of phase compensation independently.
Preferably, the second type of periodically arranged jerusalem cooling cross units have a second variable size parameter, which is the length d of the second branch2. Thus, the length d in a plurality of the second type of jeannel cooled cross cells can be2The settings are different to obtain the desired phase compensation and realize the phase regulation of different values. Further preferred, the length d in the periodically arranged second type of yersinia cooling cross cells2Is provided within a range to provide phase compensation within the range of 0-225 deg.. I.e. with length d2Different phase compensation values within the range may be provided. Preferably, the length d2The setting range of (A) is 0.6mm-2.85 mm. Referring to FIG. 4, the length d of a Yersinia chilling cross cell is shown2Set in the range of 0.6mm-2.85 mm, the transmission loss and the transmission phase of the yarrow cooling cross unit of the present embodiment follow the dimension d2Varying response profiles. It can be seen that the length d is defined2Set in the range of 0.6mm-2.85 mm, phase compensation (transmission phase) of 0-225 deg. can be correspondingly provided, and the phase of compensation is along the length d2The change of the optical fiber has continuity and consistency, and the transmission loss is less than 1.6 dB.
It is understood that relying on one type of yersinia cooling cross cell alone to achieve phase compensation is difficult to achieve a large phase compensation range and is not conducive to miniaturized design of the antenna. Therefore, referring to fig. 6, it is preferable that two types of yersinia cooling cross cells are simultaneously provided among a plurality of yersinia cooling cross cells arranged periodically, thereby forming phase modulation of two degrees of freedom. Further, phase compensation in the range of 0-225 ° can be provided by a second type of yersinia cooling cross unit, while maintaining continuity of phase compensation with changes in structure dimensions. Y in a second type of Y-road cooling cross unit1Fixed at 0.85mm, and d of the second type of Yelu cooling cross unit is determined according to the phase compensation value of the position2Gradually changes from 0.6mm to 2.85 mm; when a certain one isWhen the position needs to realize the phase compensation exceeding 225 degrees, a first type of Y-shaped scattering cross unit is arranged at the position to realize the phase compensation within the range of 225 degrees and 360 degrees (135 degrees in total), and the d of the first type of Y-shaped scattering cross unit1Gradually changing between 0.5mm and 0.85 mm. Therefore, through setting up two kinds of jean cold cross unit, can realize covering 360 phase compensation, and phase compensation reduces from 0 to 360 time jean cold cross unit's size gradually, can be better satisfy the design requirement to transmission array unit, and then make the double-deck transmission antenna of this application can satisfy the high performance communication demand at the millimeter wave frequency channel.
To achieve a better size-matching design, in some embodiments, the first and second branches are each w in width1Width w of main branch0=2w1。
In order to further verify the effectiveness of the double-layer transmission array antenna provided by the embodiment of the application, the antenna based on the embodiment of the application is tested, and the specific setting parameters and the test results are as follows:
the dielectric substrate is a Rogers 5880 substrate (the relative dielectric constant is 2.2, the loss tangent is 0.0009) with the thickness of 2mm, two metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate are formed in a printing mode, the arrangement structure of each metal layer is shown in figure 6, and in a plurality of periodically arranged Yelu-spray-cooling cross units, the widths of four main branches forming the cross-shaped metal branches are all w0=0.6 mm, the length of the first main branch segment in each main branch segment is fixed as d0=1.15 mm, the width of the first branch is w1=0.3 mm and length d3=1.55 mm, the radius of the metallized through-hole is r =0.15 mm. Length d in a Yellowski cross cell of the first type1The variation range is 0.5 mm-0.85 mm; length d in a second type of Yersinia cooling cross cell1Fixed at 0.85mm and the width of the second branch is w1=0.3 mm, the length of the second branch in the second type of yersinia cooling cross unit is d2The variation range is 0.6mm-2.85 mm. A transmission array of 20x20 transmission array units is designed on the medium substrate, each transmission array unit has a side lengthp =4.3mm square, the overall size of the dielectric substrate is 86 mm x 86 mm x 2mm, the feed source antenna adopts a conical horn, the aperture surface of the conical horn is placed at the focus right below the transmission array, the focal length is 105 mm, the arrangement mode of the transmission array antenna is shown in fig. 5, and the phase compensation distribution of each transmission array unit is shown in fig. 7.
FIG. 8 is a simulated return loss of the antenna at ANSYS HFSS (S11), which is seen to be less than-10 dB in the 28-34 GHz range. Fig. 9 shows the simulated gain of the E-plane and H-plane of the antenna at 31 GHz, up to 28 dBi, as a typical pencil beam with E-plane and H-plane 3dB beamwidths of 6.44 ° and 6 °, respectively, and side lobe levels less than-19 dB. Fig. 10 is a plot of the peak gain and aperture efficiency of the antenna as a function of frequency, and it can be seen that the aperture efficiency of the antenna is as high as 62% at a center frequency of 31 GHz.
The invention also provides a method for realizing the transmission array antenna, which comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging two metal layers with the same structure on the upper surface and the lower surface of a dielectric substrate to form a transmission array, constructing the metal layers to be formed by a plurality of periodically arranged Yelu cold cross units, and forming one transmission array unit of the transmission array by the dielectric substrate and the two Yelu cold cross units which are oppositely arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and have the same structure;
s2, arranging the Yelu spreading cold cross unit to comprise a cross-shaped metal branch formed by four main branches, and arranging a first branch perpendicular to the main branches on each main branch;
and S3, arranging a metalized through hole for connecting two opposite cross-shaped metal branches on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate on each main branch, and setting the Y-road cooling cross unit into a rotational symmetric structure.
Preferably, two types of Yelu cold cross units are provided, the first type of Yelu cold cross unit having a first size parameter varying from the first branch to the length d of a section of the main branch at the end of the main branch1(ii) a Four tail ends of the cross-shaped metal branch of the second type of yeres cooling cross unit are respectively provided with a corresponding mainA second branch with vertical branches, a second type of Yelu cooling cross unit with a second size parameter which is changed and is the length d of the second branch2。
It can be understood that, referring to fig. 5, the focal point of the transmission array antenna is set at the center right below the transmission array 1, the phase center of the aperture plane of the feed antenna 2 is located at the focal point, and the distance from the feed antenna 2 to the transmission array 1 is called the focal length. By means of the ferman principle in the optical theory, the phase difference from the focus to each transmission array unit can be calculated, and the phase compensation effect corresponding to the phase difference is achieved through the transmission array units, so that the electromagnetic waves coming out of each transmission array unit have the same phase. Furthermore, the type of the yersinia cooling cross unit can be correspondingly set according to the phase compensation value to be realized by each transmission array unit, and the length d in the yersinia cooling cross unit is determined1And d2。
Preferably, the length d is set2Set within a range to provide phase compensation in the range of 0-225 °; i.e. the length d of a plurality of second type of yeres arranged periodically2In this range, the setting is varied with the length d2May correspondingly provide different phase compensation in the range of 0-225 deg.. Preferably, the length d of the periodically arranged secondary Yersinia chilling Cross units2The setting is gradually changed between 0.6mm and 2.85 mm. Further, the length d is adjusted1Set in a certain range to provide phase compensation in the range of 225 and 360 degrees; i.e. the length d of a plurality of first type of yeres arranged periodically1In this range, the setting is changed according to the length d1Can correspondingly provide different phase compensation within 225 and 360 degrees. Preferably, the length d of the periodically arranged first type of yersinia cooling cross cells1The setting is gradually changed between 0.5mm and 0.85 mm. Thus, by providing two types of yersinia cooling cross units, phase modulation covering 360 ° can be achieved.
Preferably, the metalized through hole is arranged at the intersection of the first branch and the main branch, and the diameter of the metalized through hole is equal to the width of the first branch.
In the description of the embodiments of the invention, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that "-" and "-" denote ranges of two numerical values, and the ranges include endpoints. For example, "A-B" means a range greater than or equal to A and less than or equal to B. "A to B" means a range of not less than A and not more than B.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the term "and/or" herein is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The double-layer transmission array antenna based on the Yelu spreading cold cross is characterized by comprising a transmission array and a feed source, wherein the transmission array comprises a dielectric substrate and two metal layers arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the two metal layers have the same structure, and each metal layer comprises a plurality of periodically arranged Yelu cooling cross units;
the dielectric substrate and the two Jersey scattering cold cross units which are oppositely arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and have the same structure form a transmission array unit of the transmission array;
the yale spreading cold cross unit comprises cross-shaped metal branches formed by four main branches, a first branch perpendicular to the main branches is formed on each main branch, a metalized through hole used for connecting two opposite cross-shaped metal branches on the upper surface and the lower surface of the medium substrate is formed in each main branch, and the yale spreading cold cross unit is of a rotational symmetric structure;
the plurality of Yelu cold spreading cross units comprise first kind of Yelu cold spreading cross units, the first kind of Yelu cold spreading cross units which are periodically arranged have changed first size parameters, and the first size parameters are the lengths d from the first branch knots to a section of main branch knots at the end parts of the main branch knots1；
The plurality of Yelu cold spreading cross units comprise second Yelu cold spreading cross units, and the four tail ends of the cross metal branches of the second Yelu cold spreading cross units are provided with second branches vertical to the corresponding main branches;
the second type of periodically arranged yarrow cooling cross units have a second variable size parameter, which is the length d of the second branch2。
2. The dual-layer transmissive array antenna based on a yarrow cold cross of claim 1, wherein length d1With variations to provide phase compensation over the range of 225 and 360.
3. The dual-layer transmissive array antenna based on a yarrow cold cross of claim 1, wherein length d2With variations to provide phase compensation in the range of 0-225 deg..
4. The yersinia cold cross-based dual-layer transmissive array antenna of claim 1, wherein said metallized through-holes are disposed at the intersection of said first stub and said main stub, and wherein the diameter of said metallized through-holes is equal to the width of said first stub.
5. The dual-layer transmissive array antenna based on the yarrow cold cross of claim 1, wherein the first and second branches are each W wide1Width W of main branch0=2W1。
6. A method for implementing a transmissive array antenna, comprising the steps of:
s1, arranging two metal layers with the same structure on the upper surface and the lower surface of a dielectric substrate to form a transmission array, wherein the metal layers are constructed to be formed by a plurality of periodically arranged Yelu cold cross units, and the dielectric substrate and the two Yelu cold cross units which are oppositely arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and have the same structure form one transmission array unit of the transmission array;
s2, arranging the Yelu spreading cold cross unit into a cross metal branch knot comprising four main branches, and arranging a first branch knot vertical to the main branch knot on each main branch knot;
s3, arranging a metalized through hole for connecting two opposite cross-shaped metal branches on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate on each main branch, and arranging the Y-road cold spreading cross unit into a rotational symmetric structure;
two types of jeans cooling cross units are arranged, the jeans cooling cross unit of the first type has a variable first size parameter, and the first size parameter is the length d of a section of the main branch from the first branch to the end part of the main branch1(ii) a The four tail ends of the cross-shaped metal branch of the second type of Yelu cold cross unit are respectively provided with a second branch perpendicular to the corresponding main branch, the second type of Yelu cold cross unit has a second size parameter which is changed, and the second size parameter is the length d of the second branch2。
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