CN113978305A - Self-service battery charging and replacing system of power-assisted standardized battery box - Google Patents
Self-service battery charging and replacing system of power-assisted standardized battery box Download PDFInfo
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- CN113978305A CN113978305A CN202111223839.8A CN202111223839A CN113978305A CN 113978305 A CN113978305 A CN 113978305A CN 202111223839 A CN202111223839 A CN 202111223839A CN 113978305 A CN113978305 A CN 113978305A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The self-service charging and replacing system of the power-assisted standard battery box comprises a self-service power replacing cabinet, a standard battery box, an automobile end battery box mounting seat, an automobile end voltage converting module and a charging pile; the standard battery box can be inserted into the self-service electricity-exchanging cabinet for automatic charging; the charging pile is connected through a charging gun to perform power supply and background management; the standard battery box can be inserted and installed on an automobile end battery box installation seat of the electric automobile after being fully charged, and the voltage is converted to the voltage current matched with the power battery pack in the electric automobile through the automobile end voltage conversion module for charging, so that the electric energy in the standard battery box is transferred to the power battery pack in the electric automobile, and the electric power is provided for driving. The problem of contradiction existing in different power battery characteristics is solved, the demand of powerful power and long life is satisfied, the problem that the specifications of the battery packs of different continuous models of different brands are different is solved, the battery replacement mode can be generally applied, and the battery replacement stations can be widely distributed and established.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of charging and replacing of electric automobiles, in particular to a self-service charging and replacing system of a power-assisted standard battery box.
Background
In order to protect the environment and improve the energy structure, new energy electric vehicles are widely popularized by the nation. The electric power of the electric automobile is supplemented with two modes of charging and battery replacement, wherein the battery replacement mode is generally compatible with the charging mode. The charging modes are divided into alternating current slow charging and direct current fast charging.
And the alternating current is slowly charged. The single-phase alternating current is supplied to the electric automobile through the alternating current charging pile, and the power battery pack in the electric automobile is charged by the vehicle-mounted charger. The alternating-current charging pile is low in manufacturing cost, low in power ratio, low in power supply requirement and easy to install, but is low in charging speed and long in waiting time, is not suitable for supplementing electric power midway and can only be suitable for parking and charging in a garage for a long time.
And D, fast direct current charging. Three-phase alternating current is converted into direct current by the direct current charging pile, and the direct current charging pile is connected to a power battery pack in the electric automobile for charging. The direct current fills electric pile power big, and the charging speed is fast, but the cost is high, and the power supply requires highly, and the installation is more difficult. Although the charging speed of the direct current quick charging is high, a certain time is still needed, which is far beyond the fuel filling time and the battery replacement time of the fuel vehicle, and the waiting time needed by half way power supplement is still unacceptable. In order to increase the charging power by increasing the charging speed, the requirements on the power supply and the charging equipment are high, and the large-current receiving capacity of the power battery pack needs to be considered, so that the service life of the battery pack is not influenced.
And replacing the battery pack. The battery pack which uses up electric power is replaced completely, the replacement is quick and convenient, and the waiting time is short. However, the whole battery pack of the electric vehicle needs to be replaced, so that the structure of the power battery pack is complicated, the cost and the weight of the electric vehicle are increased, and the cost performance of the electric vehicle is reduced. The power station replacing system is huge, the difficulty in building the power station is high, the power station is difficult to popularize in a large range, a plurality of electric vehicles need to run far to replace power, a large amount of power and time are additionally consumed, and the power replacing requirements of the electric vehicles are limited. The power battery pack of the electric automobile is not standardized, the battery packs of different brands and different models of the electric automobiles have different structures, so that the battery packs are difficult to uniformly replace, and the battery packs with various models need to be equipped, so that the battery replacement mode is difficult to popularize.
Mileage anxiety. The endurance is the most important index of the electric automobile, and the long-distance running is required, so that the condition that the endurance is insufficient and the charging cannot be carried out in time is always worried about. The power battery pack of the electric automobile has higher cost, so that the endurance capacity is met by improving the capacity of the battery pack, the cost is too high, the cost is not saved, the depreciation is too fast, the new technology of the battery is rapidly developed, and the cost performance is rapidly improved. The power battery with each characteristic has the advantages and the disadvantages, the energy type power battery can store more electric quantity and has longer endurance, such as a ternary lithium battery, but the power density is lower, the explosive force is poorer, the safety is poorer, and the service life is poorer. The power type power battery has the advantages of stronger explosive force, strong power and long service life, like a lithium titanate battery, but the energy density is lower, the endurance is poorer, and the price is higher. The high-capacity battery pack is adopted for endurance, and the energy type power battery is selected, so that the power, the safety and the service life are poor. For strong power and long life, capacity is sacrificed and endurance is reduced. And if the voyage is long, the cost is too high. Lithium iron phosphate batteries are relatively modest.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a self-service battery replacement cabinet, which adopts a unified standard battery box which can be replaced with an electric automobile to be combined with a fixed power battery in the electric automobile, combines power batteries with different characteristics to make up for the deficiencies, and solves the contradiction problem existing in the characteristics of different power batteries. The fixed power battery in the electric automobile adopts a power type power battery, so that the requirements of strong power and long service life can be met. The replaceable battery box adopts a unified standard structure, so that the problem that the specifications of the battery packs of different brands of the electric automobiles with models which are not stopped are different is solved, the battery replacement mode can be generally applied, and the battery replacement stations can be widely distributed and established. The standardized replaceable battery compartment may be operated as a rental mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the self-service charging and replacing system of the power-assisted standard battery box comprises a self-service power replacing cabinet, a standard battery box, an automobile end battery box mounting seat, an automobile end voltage converting module and a charging pile; the standard battery box can be inserted into the self-service power exchange cabinet for automatic charging; the charging pile is connected through a charging gun to perform power supply and background management; the standard battery box can be inserted into a vehicle end battery box mounting seat of the electric vehicle after being fully charged, and the voltage is converted to the voltage current matched with the power battery pack in the electric vehicle through the vehicle end voltage conversion module for charging, so that the electric energy in the standard battery box is transferred to the power battery pack in the electric vehicle, and the electric power is provided for driving.
The self-service battery replacing cabinet comprises a cabinet, and a battery box mounting seat, a charging module, a main control circuit board, an operation display screen and a charging gun socket which are arranged on the cabinet; the battery box mounting seat is used for mounting a standard battery box, the standard battery box is connected with a charging module, and the charging gun socket is connected with a charging pile to obtain power supply and then charge the standard battery box by the charging module; the main control circuit board controls all parts of the self-service battery replacing cabinet to work, the operation display screen is used for displaying relevant information of a charging state, and required battery replacing actions are carried out through touch screen operation; the rack adopts waterproof design, installs in filling electric pile next door.
The battery box mounting seat comprises a mounting cavity, a guide rail, an electromagnetic bolt lock, a circuit connecting seat and a spring; the circuit connecting seat is arranged at the rear end of the mounting cavity and is used for being electrically connected with the standard battery box; the guide rails are arranged on two sides of the bottom plate of the installation cavity and used for enabling the standard battery box to slide on the guide rails; the electromagnetic latch lock and the spring are arranged at the rear end of the installation cavity, wherein during charging, the electromagnetic latch lock locks the latch hole inserted into the standard battery box, after charging is finished, the electromagnetic latch lock is unlocked through operating the battery replacing program, and the standard battery box is ejected out by the spring.
The charging module is provided with a multi-path line connecting wire harness, an alternating current power supply input wire speed and a communication connecting wire harness; the multi-path line connecting wire harness is connected to the circuit connecting seats of the battery box mounting seats to charge the standard battery boxes in turn; the alternating current power supply input line is quickly connected to a charging gun socket and supplies power to the charging module through a charging gun of the charging pile; the communication connection wiring harness is connected with the main control circuit board for communication.
The standard battery box comprises a box body, a battery circuit connecting seat, a BMS battery management circuit, a large-current relay, a fuse and a battery module; the battery module is arranged in the case body, and each battery unit of the battery module is connected to the BMS battery management circuit so as to monitor and protect each battery unit; the main current path of the battery module is connected to the battery circuit connection socket through the large current relay and the fuse to be connected to an external circuit.
The automobile end voltage conversion module is provided with a line connection wire harness and a main current wire harness, the line connection wire harness is connected to a circuit connecting seat of an automobile end battery box mounting seat, and the main current wire harness is connected to a power battery pack of the electric automobile; the inserted standard battery box is connected with a line connecting wire harness through a circuit connecting seat, and after the standard battery box is connected to the automobile terminal voltage conversion module, a standard connection communication protocol is sent out, after the communication is correct, the heavy current relay is closed, the main current path of the battery module is switched on, and the voltage of the battery module is converted to the voltage matched with the power battery pack of the electric automobile for charging.
The invention also comprises a power-assisted mechanical arm which is used for transferring the standard battery box to the electric automobile; the power-assisted mechanical arm comprises a lifting rotating stand column, a horizontal telescopic rod, a lifting driving mechanism and a hook, wherein the horizontal telescopic rod is arranged on the upper portion of the lifting rotating stand column, the hook is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic rod and used for hooking a hanging hole of a standard battery box, and the lifting driving mechanism is used for lifting the lifting rotating stand column.
The charging pile adopts an alternating current charging pile.
The self-service type power exchange cabinet and the electric automobile adopt the standard battery box which is unified in standard and easy to replace by self, the size and the weight are relatively small, self-service replacement is convenient, the problem that a power exchange system is huge, a power battery pack is not unified in standard, and the problem that the power battery pack is too complex, heavy and not easy to replace is solved, and popularization and promotion are facilitated. Small-size portable standard battery box, the design of power capacity can make ordinary electric automobile travel 40 ~ 80 kilometers, satisfies the demand of most people one day. If the journey is long, the relay mode of replacing the standard battery box for multiple times can be adopted to meet the requirement of endurance, the problem of mileage anxiety of the electric automobile is solved without the need of a large-capacity power battery pack, the capacity can be properly sacrificed, and the power battery pack with better safety, long service life and high power density is selected.
The standard battery box adopts a battery module with lower voltage, and the voltage of the standard battery box is converted to the voltage current matched with the power battery pack of the electric automobile to charge by applying a voltage conversion mode, so that the power energy of the standard battery box is transferred to the power battery pack of the electric automobile, and the problem of unified standard of replacing the power battery pack is solved. The standard battery box can be used for charging while driving on the electric automobile, so that the charging waiting time is saved, the problem that the charging pile needs to be charged in waiting time is solved, and charging or battery replacement can be freely selected.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can reduce the waiting time for supplementing electric power, so that the electric automobile is more easily accepted by people, and the popularization is facilitated. Secondly, the battery replacement mode is standardized, the battery replacement device is suitable for electric automobiles with various specifications, and a standardized battery box is adopted, so that the battery replacement device has universal adaptability and is easier to use. And after a voltage conversion mode is adopted, the battery modules with various specifications can be used, the battery modules in the echelon can be fully utilized, and the lithium battery resources are utilized more highly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a self-service battery changing cabinet;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a battery box mounting seat;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a power assisted mechanical arm;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a standard battery box configuration;
FIG. 6 is a rear view of a standard battery box configuration;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an automotive end battery box mounting base;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an automobile terminal voltage conversion module;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the charging of the power battery pack after the vehicle terminal voltage conversion module is combined with the vehicle terminal battery box mounting seat;
FIG. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of an automotive terminal voltage conversion module;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging module of the self-service electricity-exchanging cabinet;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the combination of the charging module with a plurality of battery line mounting seats, a main control circuit board and a charging gun socket;
FIG. 13 is a schematic circuit diagram of a charging module;
fig. 14 is a schematic circuit diagram of the main control circuit board.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention mainly comprises a self-service power exchange cabinet 1, a standard battery box 2, an automobile end battery box mounting seat 3, an automobile end voltage conversion module 4 and a charging pile 5 or other power supply facilities. Wherein, self-service electricity changing cabinet 1, standard battery box 2 are the core part, and a plurality of standard battery boxes 2 can insert and install and carry out automatic charging in self-service electricity changing cabinet 1 the inside, fill electric pile 5 and connect through the rifle that charges and carry out power supply and background management. The standard battery box 2 fully charged in the self-service power exchange cabinet 1 can be inserted into an electric automobile, the voltage is converted into voltage current matched with a power battery pack in the electric automobile through the automobile terminal voltage conversion module 4 for charging, the power energy in the standard battery box 2 is transferred to the power battery pack in the electric automobile, and meanwhile, the power is provided for driving. And the standard battery box 2 after the power is released is replaced by the self-service power exchange cabinet 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the self-service power-exchanging cabinet 1 mainly comprises a plurality of battery box installation seats 6, a power-assisted mechanical arm (or mechanical arm) 7, a charging module 8, a main control circuit board 9, an operation display screen 10, a charging gun socket 11 and a cabinet 12. Be equipped with a plurality of battery box mount pad 6 and can insert a plurality of standard battery boxes 2 of installation, be connected to the module 8 that charges, the rifle socket that charges 11 is connected with the stake of charging 5 (adopt the alternating-current charging stake) and is got the power supply after and charge module 8 charges standard battery box 2. The power-assisted mechanical arm 7 can easily transfer the taken standard battery box 2 into the electric automobile, so that the self-service battery replacement operation is not laborious. The main control circuit board 9 controls all parts of the self-service power exchange cabinet to work, the operation display screen 10 displays various information such as charging states, and the required power exchange action is carried out through touch screen operation. The cabinet 12 adopts an outdoor rainproof design and can be arranged beside an outdoor charging pile.
As shown in fig. 3, the battery box mounting seat 6 is used for inserting and mounting a standard battery box 2, and mainly comprises a guide rail 13, an electromagnetic latch lock 14, a circuit connecting seat 15 and a spring 16. The guide rails 13 are arranged on two sides of the bottom plate of the installation cavity, and the guide rails 13 can enable the standard battery box 2 to be smoothly inserted and pulled out, so that the weight of the standard battery box can be borne and fixed; the electromagnetic latch lock 14 and the spring 16 are arranged at the rear end of the installation cavity, and the electromagnetic latch lock 14 can lock a latch hole inserted into the standard battery box 2, and can be automatically locked after being inserted in place and cannot be pulled out. After the locking can be released by operating the battery replacement program, the spring 16 can automatically pop the standard battery box 2 out of a certain position, and the standard battery box can be easily pulled out; the circuit connection socket 15 is electrically connected to a circuit connection socket inserted into the standard battery box 2, and is connected to a battery module line and a battery management system line inside the standard battery box 2.
As shown in fig. 4, the assisting mechanical arm 7 mainly includes a lifting rotating column 17, a horizontal telescopic rod 18, a lifting driving mechanism 19, a hook 20 and a crank 21. The lifting rotary upright post 17 is used for supporting and can lift and rotate, the horizontal telescopic rod 18 is arranged on the upper portion of the lifting rotary upright post 17, the hook is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic rod 20 and used for hooking a hanging hole of a standard battery box, and the lifting driving mechanism 19 is used for lifting the lifting rotary upright post 17. Wherein, horizontal telescopic rod 18 cooperates with rotatory stand 17 of lift to change the transport of standard battery box 2 between trading the battery cabinet and electric automobile. The lifting driving mechanism 19 is driven by a motor, the height of the telescopic rod 18 can be changed, the hand crank 21 can be manually controlled when the motor loses power, and the standard battery box 2 is lifted to a proper height and installed in the electric automobile. The hook 20 can hook 4 hanging holes of the standard battery box 2 for carrying, and the vehicle owner can easily and freely change the battery. As an option, a robotic arm may be selected for this more convenient and intelligent scenario.
As shown in the front and rear views of fig. 5 and 6, the standard battery box 2 is mainly composed of a box body 22, a circuit connection socket 23, a BMS battery management circuit 24, a large current relay 25, a fuse 26, a battery module 27, a panel 28, a fixing screw 29, a latch hole 30, and a hanging hole 31. The battery modules 27 are securely mounted inside the cabinet 22, one or both being installed as needed. Each cell within the battery module 27 is connected to the BMS battery management circuit 24 to monitor and protect each battery cell. The main current path of the battery module 27 is connected to the circuit connecting socket 23 through the large current relay 25 and the fuse 26, and is connected to an external circuit. The BMS battery management circuit 24 is equipped with a standard protocol, and the large current relay 25 is closed to connect the main current path only if the external circuit meets the requirements of the standard protocol after connection. The large-current relay 25 is turned off in any abnormal situation. In order to prevent the failure of the high-current relay 25, the fuse 26 connected at the same time can be quickly fused to cut off the current and prevent the situation from expanding when the current is too large or short-circuited. The hanging hole 31 allows the hook 20 of the assist robot 7 to hang the standard battery box 2 for transportation. In order to meet the requirement that most of people can replace the battery box by themselves under the condition that no power-assisted mechanical arm exists, the total weight of the battery box is designed to be about 50 kilograms, and ordinary people can lift up to replace the battery box.
As shown in fig. 7, the car end battery box mounting base 3 has substantially the same structure and function as the battery box mounting base of the power distribution cabinet, a fixing lug 33 capable of being fixedly mounted on the electric car is added at a position of 4 corners, and a screw hole on the fixing lug can be firmly locked and mounted in the electric car. Screw hole fixing strips 32 capable of fixing the panel of the standard battery box 2 are arranged on two sides of the battery box, and screws can be locked for fixing after the standard battery box 2 is inserted and installed.
As shown in fig. 8, the terminal voltage converting module 4 of the vehicle is provided with a circuit connecting socket for connecting a line connecting harness 35 to the terminal battery box mounting socket 3 of the vehicle, and a main current harness 34 for connecting to a power battery pack of the electric vehicle. The automobile end voltage conversion module 4 and the automobile end battery box mounting seat 3 are installed in a combined mode as shown in fig. 9, the inserted standard battery box 2 is connected with a circuit connecting wire harness 35 through a circuit connecting seat 23 and is connected to the automobile end voltage conversion module 4, then a standard connection communication protocol is sent out, after the communication is correct, a large current relay 25 is closed, a main current circuit of the battery module is connected, the voltage of the battery module is converted to the voltage matched with a power battery pack of an electric automobile to be charged, and the electric power of the standard battery box 2 is transmitted to the power battery pack inside the electric automobile to achieve electric power energy transfer.
Fig. 10 shows the circuit principle of the terminal voltage converting module 4 for the vehicle: and a voltage conversion driving chip U1 is arranged, a driving power tube Q1 controls main current passing through a power inductor, and the electric energy of the battery module 27 in the standard battery box 2 is converted into voltage current suitable for a power battery pack in the electric automobile for electric power transmission. The voltage of the battery module 27 is sampled by the R1R2 in real time and fed back to the voltage conversion driving chip U1, so that the voltage conversion is stopped in time after the electric power of the battery module 27 is released, the over-discharge is avoided, and the use safety of the battery module 27 is protected. And the R3R4 samples the converted voltage in real time and feeds the voltage back to the voltage conversion driving chip U1, so that the converted voltage is suitable for charging the power battery pack. And R5 samples the converted charging current, feeds the sampling back to the voltage conversion driving chip U1, and controls the charging current to be kept at a proper set value. R9 samples the output current of the battery module and feeds the output current back to the voltage conversion driving chip U1, so that the output current of the battery module 27 is controlled not to be too large and the battery module 27 is not damaged. R11 samples the conduction current of the power tube, feeds the conduction current back to the voltage conversion driving chip U1, and controls the maximum conduction current within a safe range. The MCU chip U2 is provided and can be connected to the communication line of the line connection harness 35 to perform handshake communication with the BMS battery management circuit 24 of the standard battery box 2 to exchange data. The voltage conversion driving chip U1 can be connected to control the converted voltage and current. The voltage and current converted by the circuit are connected to the power battery pack of the electric automobile through the interfaces DC + and DC-through the connecting main current linear speed 34 for power energy transfer.
As shown in fig. 11, the charging module 8 inside the self-service electricity-exchanging cabinet 1 is similar to the external structure of the voltage converting module 4 at the end of the vehicle shown in fig. 8, and the main difference is that a plurality of circuit connecting harnesses 36 are provided, which can be connected to the circuit connecting seats of the plurality of battery box mounting seats 6 to alternately charge the standard battery boxes 2 inside the plurality of battery mounting seats 6. And an alternating current power supply input linear speed 38 is arranged, is connected to the charging gun socket 11, and supplies power to the charging module 8 through the charging gun of the alternating current charging pile. A communication connection wire harness 37 is provided, and the main control circuit board 9 which can be connected is used for communication, and the composition structure is shown in fig. 12.
As shown in fig. 13, which is a schematic circuit diagram of a charging module 8 inside the self-service power exchange cabinet 1, the self-service power exchange cabinet is provided with a high-power AC-DC power conversion circuit module, interfaces AC _ L and AC _ N are connected to a main current linear speed and then to a charging gun socket 11, an alternating current power supply is connected through a charging gun of a charging pile, and the high-power AC-DC power conversion circuit module converts the alternating current power supplied by the charging pile into a stable direct current voltage. The voltage conversion driving chip U1 is arranged to amplify and drive the power tube Q1 through the Q2, control the current flowing through the power inductor L1, generate the voltage current suitable for charging the battery module 27, and charge the battery module 27 through the circuit connecting seat on the battery box mounting seat. The R1 samples the input current and sends the input current to the U1 for detection, and the charging power is controlled. R2 samples the charging current and sends the charging current to U1 for detection, and the stability of the current is controlled. R3R4 samples the input voltage to ensure a safe voltage range for the converter circuit to operate. R5R6 samples the output voltage to make the converted voltage suitable for battery module charging. Interfaces J1, J2 and J3. are arranged; multiple wiring connection harnesses 36 may be connected to multiple battery box mounts, with charging of each standard battery box 2 controlled by Q3, Q4, Q5.. An MCU chip U2 is arranged to drive Q6, Q7 and Q8.. control Q3, Q4 and Q5.. switching charging current; the communication interfaces CK1/DA1/CS1, CK2/DA2/CS2, CK3/DA3/CS3. The communication interface is arranged, a communication connecting wire harness 37 can be connected, and the main circuit board 9 is connected to control the charging of the standard battery box 2.
As shown in fig. 14, the circuit principle of the main control circuit board 9 inside the self-service power exchange cabinet 1 is provided with an MCU chip U1, and the charging module can be subjected to data acquisition and charging control through the charging module communication interface. The electromagnetic latch lock is controlled by the R1Q1 to perform the battery replacement operation, and the power-assisted lifting motor is controlled by the R2Q2 to convey the standard battery box 2 to the power-assisted mechanical arm 7. And an LCD display screen communication interface is arranged to control the LCD to operate and display the display screen. The Bluetooth module is arranged to communicate with the Bluetooth module matched with the charging pile mainboard, and the charging pile is connected to a network background of the charging pile to perform charging and battery replacement management. The WIFI module is arranged and can be connected with a wireless network. And a USB interface is arranged, so that the internal data of the MCU can be managed. The control signal interface of the charging gun socket 11 is arranged, so that the insertion of the charging gun can be detected, and a connection signal and a guide signal are controlled. The auxiliary power supply module is arranged to supply stable working voltage to the whole machine.
The operation display screen 10 provides a man-machine interaction interface for replacing the standard battery box.
The rifle socket 11 that charges can connect the rifle that charges of filling electric pile and supply power for charging module 8, charges to installing the standard battery box 2 of 6 the inside of battery box mount pad.
The cabinet 12 is provided with a rainproof shell and a fixed base, and can be arranged outdoors to resist wind, rain and rain; all parts necessary for the battery replacing cabinet can be installed in the internal structure; a plurality of battery box mounting seat interfaces are arranged, and a plurality of standard battery boxes 2 can be mounted; the base is arranged and can be fixedly installed on the ground.
The case body 22 of the standard battery case 2 adopts a standardized industrial case design, and can be fixedly provided with battery modules of various specifications; the box body panel 28 is provided with a fixing screw 29, and after the box body panel is inserted into the battery box mounting seat 6, the fixing screw 29 can be locked for fixing; an electromagnetic lock hole 30 is formed in one side of the inner side of the box body, and the electromagnetic lock pin can be inserted and locked by the electromagnetic latch lock and cannot be pulled out after the electromagnetic lock pin is inserted into the battery box mounting seat.
The BMS battery management circuit 24 of the standard battery box 2 is connected to each unit node of the battery module, monitors and protects each battery unit, monitors the current voltage and the temperature of the battery in real time, prevents overcharge, overdischarge and overheating of each battery unit, and ensures the safety of the battery module in use.
The circuit connection holder 23 of the standard battery box 2 is connected to the battery management circuit BMS and the battery module to allow the battery module to be connected to an external circuit for charging and discharging.
The high current relay 25 of the standard battery box 2 is controlled by the battery management circuit BMS to protect and control the connection of the battery module to the external circuit, and the relay is closed to connect the battery module to the external circuit in a current manner only when all the external circuits are in communication with each other properly. If abnormal conditions occur, the relay immediately disconnects the battery module, and accidents are prevented.
When a short circuit occurs or the current exceeds a safety range and the large-current relay fails and cannot be disconnected, the large-current fuse 26 of the standard battery box 2 is immediately fused, so that the expansion of accidents is prevented.
The battery modules 27 of the standard battery box 2 are designed in a unified standard, and the capacity is controlled according to the maximum weight of the standard battery box, generally within the range of 40-50 kg. At present, the energy density of the power lithium battery can reach 180 watt-hours per kilogram, 9000 watt-hours can be realized by 50 kilograms of battery modules, namely the capacity of 9-degree electricity, the electric automobile can continue to run for 50-90 kilometers, and the requirement of one day can be basically met. For the long distance running, the distance of 50-90 kilometers can generally pass through two or three service areas, and the battery box can be stopped and replaced by the standard battery box 2 for relay endurance. In order to be compatible with the echelon battery module, the voltage of the module is designed to be close to the voltage of most echelon batteries, so that the charging module and the automobile end boosting module can be designed to be simpler and have higher efficiency. In order to use more flexibly, the battery module is divided into two parts, and only one battery module can be mounted, so that the requirement of light weight is met.
The using method of the invention is as follows:
1. as shown in fig. 1, the self-service electricity-changing cabinet 1 is installed beside the charging pile 5, or beside other power supply facilities. One or more standard battery boxes 2 are inserted into one of the battery mounting seats 6 of the self-service electricity-exchanging cabinet 1, and the fixing screws 29 are locked.
2. Insert supporting bluetooth receiving element and fill on the mainboard communication interface of electric pile 5 the inside, carry out the bluetooth through the operation of operation display screen 10 and the last button of main control circuit board 9 and pair, make self-service electricity changing cabinet 1 can carry out wireless communication with filling electric pile 5, be connected to and fill electric pile backstage or other backstage and manage and trade the electric system.
3. Exchange the rifle that charges and insert the rifle socket 11 that charges, according to predetermined procedure setting, charge in turn a plurality of standard battery boxes 2 automatically, until whole saturation of charging, send the charged state to the backstage in real time simultaneously, the electric automobile user can look over the state at cell-phone APP or little letter applet.
4. The automobile end voltage conversion module 4 and the automobile end battery box mounting base 3 are fixed together, the linear speed is well connected, then the automobile end voltage conversion module and the automobile end battery box mounting base are mounted and fixed to a proper reliable position of the electric automobile together, and the fixing lug 33 is locked to a stressed position inside the electric automobile through screws. The main current wire harness 34 of the automobile terminal voltage conversion module 4 is connected and installed on the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power battery pack, and particularly, the LED indicating lamp is always on to indicate that the circuit is normal when the positive electrode and the negative electrode need to be noticed.
5. The fully charged standard battery box 2 in the self-service power exchange cabinet 1 is taken out, the standard battery box 2 is carried into the automobile end battery box mounting seat 3 of the electric automobile through the power-assisted mechanical arm 7, and the fixing screw 29 is locked. After the automobile terminal voltage conversion module 4 communicates correctly through the circuit connecting seat 23, the large-current relay 25 in the standard battery box 2 is closed, the battery module 27 in the standard battery box supplies power to the automobile terminal voltage conversion module 4, voltage conversion starts to work to generate voltage and current suitable for charging an electric automobile power battery, the indicating lamp gives out a flicker indication, and the power energy of the battery module 27 starts to be continuously transmitted. After the electric quantity of the battery module 27 is released, the voltage conversion is automatically stopped, so that excessive discharge is avoided, the LED indicator lamp quickly flickers to prompt that the standard battery box 2 needs to be replaced by the nearby self-service battery replacing cabinet 1. Through the backstage network that fills electric pile, can know near 1 the inside standard battery box 2's of self-service electricity changing cabinet electric power state at any time, find electric power saturation's standard battery box 2 and change.
5. Put outside standard battery box 2, change 1 the inside back of self-service electricity changing cabinet, can the automatic start charge, also can adjust the charge time according to the electric power in service behavior on every side, avoid the power consumption peak, make full use of low ebb electricity.
The self-service power exchange cabinet and the electric automobile adopt the standard battery box which is unified and standard and easy to replace by self, the size and the weight are relatively small, the self-service replacement is convenient in the light weight, the problem that a power exchange system is huge is solved, and the popularization and the promotion are convenient. Small-size portable standard battery box, the design of power capacity can make ordinary electric automobile travel 40 ~ 80 kilometers (the later stage can be adjusted according to market demand and battery energy density), satisfies the demand of most people one day. For the requirement of long stroke, a relay mode of replacing a standard battery box for multiple times can be adopted to meet the requirement of continuation of the journey, a large-capacity power battery pack is not required to be equipped, the problem of mileage anxiety of the electric automobile is solved, and a power type power battery with small capacity can be adopted in the electric automobile to meet the requirement of strong power. The standardized replaceable battery box adopts an energy type power battery, can store more electric power, meets the requirement of long endurance, and solves infinite endurance through a mode of continuously changing the electric power.
In this embodiment, a battery module with a relatively low voltage is installed inside the standard battery box, and the voltage of the standard battery box is converted to a voltage current matched with the power battery pack of the electric vehicle for charging by adopting a voltage conversion mode outside the standard battery box. The standard battery box installed on the electric automobile can transfer electric energy to a power battery pack of the electric automobile while driving, and the problem of charging waiting time is solved. The battery module in the standard battery box can be a new battery module with unified standard, and can also be a battery module with echelon. Since voltage conversion is externally adopted, a battery module having a wide voltage range can be selected, and a wide variety of battery modules can be accommodated.
Claims (9)
1. Helping hand formula standardized battery box is filled by oneself and is traded electric system, its characterized in that: the system comprises a self-service power exchange cabinet, a standard battery box, an automobile end battery box mounting seat, an automobile end voltage conversion module and a charging pile; the standard battery box can be inserted into the self-service power exchange cabinet for automatic charging; the charging pile is connected through a charging gun to perform power supply and background management; the standard battery box can be inserted into a vehicle end battery box mounting seat of the electric vehicle after being fully charged, and the voltage is converted to the voltage current matched with the power battery pack in the electric vehicle through the vehicle end voltage conversion module for charging, so that the electric energy in the standard battery box is transferred to the power battery pack in the electric vehicle, and the electric power is provided for driving.
2. The self-service battery charging and replacing system of the power-assisted standardized battery box as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the self-service battery replacing cabinet comprises a cabinet, and a battery box mounting seat, a charging module, a main control circuit board, an operation display screen and a charging gun socket which are arranged on the cabinet; the battery box mounting seat is used for mounting a standard battery box, the standard battery box is connected with a charging module, and the charging gun socket is connected with a charging pile to obtain power supply and then charge the standard battery box by the charging module; the self-service battery replacing cabinet comprises a main control circuit board, an operation display screen and a touch screen, wherein the main control circuit board controls all parts of the self-service battery replacing cabinet to work, the operation display screen is used for displaying relevant information of a charging state, and required battery replacing actions are carried out through touch screen operation.
3. The self-service battery charging and replacing system of the power-assisted standardized battery box as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the rack adopts waterproof design, installs in filling electric pile next door.
4. The self-service battery charging and replacing system of the power-assisted standardized battery box as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the battery box mounting seat comprises a mounting cavity, a guide rail, an electromagnetic bolt lock, a circuit connecting seat and a spring; the circuit connecting seat is arranged at the rear end of the mounting cavity and is used for being electrically connected with the standard battery box; the guide rails are arranged on two sides of the bottom plate of the installation cavity and used for enabling the standard battery box to slide on the guide rails; the electromagnetic latch lock and the spring are arranged at the rear end of the installation cavity, wherein during charging, the electromagnetic latch lock locks the latch hole inserted into the standard battery box, after charging is finished, the electromagnetic latch lock is unlocked through operating the battery replacing program, and the standard battery box is ejected out by the spring.
5. The self-service battery charging and replacing system of the power-assisted standardized battery box as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the charging module is provided with a multi-path line connecting wire harness, an alternating current power supply input wire speed and a communication connecting wire harness; the multi-path line connecting wire harness is connected to the circuit connecting seats of the battery box mounting seats to charge the standard battery boxes in turn; the alternating current power supply input line is quickly connected to a charging gun socket and supplies power to the charging module through a charging gun of the charging pile; the communication connection wiring harness is connected with the main control circuit board for communication.
6. The self-service battery charging and replacing system of the power-assisted standardized battery box as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the standard battery box comprises a box body, a battery circuit connecting seat, a BMS battery management circuit, a large-current relay, a fuse and a battery module; the battery module is arranged in the case body, and each battery unit of the battery module is connected to the BMS battery management circuit so as to monitor and protect each battery unit; the main current path of the battery module is connected to the battery circuit connection socket through the large current relay and the fuse to be connected to an external circuit.
7. The self-service battery charging and replacing system of the power-assisted standardized battery box as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the automobile end voltage conversion module is provided with a line connection wire harness and a main current wire harness, the line connection wire harness is connected to a circuit connecting seat of an automobile end battery box mounting seat, and the main current wire harness is connected to a power battery pack of the electric automobile; the inserted standard battery box is connected with a line connecting wire harness through a circuit connecting seat, and after the standard battery box is connected to the automobile terminal voltage conversion module, a standard connection communication protocol is sent out, after the communication is correct, the heavy current relay is closed, the main current path of the battery module is switched on, and the voltage of the battery module is converted to the voltage matched with the power battery pack of the electric automobile for charging.
8. The self-service battery charging and replacing system of the power-assisted standardized battery box as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electric automobile is characterized by also comprising a power-assisted mechanical arm used for transferring the standard battery box to the electric automobile; the power-assisted mechanical arm comprises a lifting rotating stand column, a horizontal telescopic rod, a lifting driving mechanism and a hook, wherein the horizontal telescopic rod is arranged on the upper portion of the lifting rotating stand column, the hook is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic rod and used for hooking a hanging hole of a standard battery box, and the lifting driving mechanism is used for lifting the lifting rotating stand column.
9. The self-service battery charging and replacing system of the power-assisted standardized battery box as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the charging pile adopts an alternating current charging pile.
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| CN202111223839.8A CN113978305B (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Power-assisted standardized battery box self-service charging and replacing system |
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| CN202111223839.8A CN113978305B (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Power-assisted standardized battery box self-service charging and replacing system |
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