CN110474415A - The energy storage device of a kind of combining super capacitor device and commutative battery pack and the electric vehicle driven with it - Google Patents
The energy storage device of a kind of combining super capacitor device and commutative battery pack and the electric vehicle driven with it Download PDFInfo
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- CN110474415A CN110474415A CN201910918517.1A CN201910918517A CN110474415A CN 110474415 A CN110474415 A CN 110474415A CN 201910918517 A CN201910918517 A CN 201910918517A CN 110474415 A CN110474415 A CN 110474415A
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- battery pack
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- supercapacitor
- charging
- battery
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to energy storage/charging unit of a kind of combining super capacitor device and commutative battery pack and the electric vehicles driven with it.The device includes a supercapacitor and multiple tradable mobile battery packets, and each battery packages are in a butt-joint socket on electric vehicle；The battery pack can be easily popped out or be inserted into from socket.In this device, the motor in electric vehicle is directly by battery Packet driven, but passes through the controllable in parallel come for motor of battery pack and supercapacitor.These interior battery packs are not only able to charge as common electric vehicle using charging pile, additionally it is possible to which taking-up carries out charge independence outside vehicle；Different types of charge power supply, including domestic power supply, direct current RAPID CHARGING POWER SUPPLY or photo-voltaic power supply can be used in user.In concrete operations, these tradable battery packs become the energy carrier of electric vehicle；Extended through technology, can easily carry out short distance and long-distance driving using electric vehicle of the invention.
Description
Technical field
This application involves vehicle technology fields, provide energy storage/charging unit of electric energy more particularly to for electric vehicle, packet
Include reusable battery pack, supercapacitor, and the electric vehicle using the device.
Background technique
In recent years, the emphasis that electric vehicle becomes many countries supports industry.This is because electric vehicle has many good qualities, including
Energy-saving and environmental protection, economy etc..But, the electric vehicle used now has the shortcomings that one very big, is exactly that charging is inconvenient.Firstly,
The time that electric vehicle charging at present needs is generally long, from a hour to twenties hours.Secondly, charging pile is not general
And it is surely found different whenever necessary；Even if having found may also will wait in line.Third is difficult to use electric vehicle and carries out
Long-distance travel.The cruising ability of most electric vehicle only has about 300 kilometers or so, must just look for charging more than this distance
Stake is charged.These problems are all that the current vehicle technology that develops must solve the problems, such as.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, we before proposed a kind of technical solution of multi-functional charging/energy-storage system herein
(CN109204057A), energy is provided for the motor in electric vehicle as energy carrier using multiple portable independent battery packets
Amount.Such benefit is, firstly, the charging time of electric vehicle can shorten very much, and charging and electric vehicle due to battery
Running can separate carry out, the longer use that will not influence electric vehicle of the charging time of battery.Secondly as electric vehicle without
It needs to charge close to charging pile, the process of charging can become much more convenient.Finally, due to which the charging of electric vehicle can be by handing over
Battery pack is changed to complete, also available solution the problem of long-distance driving.
But, above-mentioned technical proposal has technical problem to be solved there are some.Firstly, above scheme is using multiple portable
Formula independent battery packet is as its energy carrier.In specific implementation, single portable independent battery packet is followed successively by motor,
(such as after battery pack B1 is finished, then with battery pack B2, and so on).Since the discharge current of single battery packet is smaller, with list
A battery pack carrys out the underpower of drive motor to fully meet needs of the electric vehicle in starting and acceleration.Secondly,
In some cases, such as electric vehicle is when going up a slope, it may be necessary to which multiple battery packs are simultaneously motor.Moreover, when electricity
In motion, the case where according to traffic, it needs unexpected acceleration and deceleration to motor-car frequently.Therefore the electric current pole that motor needs
It is unstable.If battery pack is allowed directly to be motor, this unstable discharge mode can damage the service life of battery.
The purpose of the present invention seeks to solve the problem above-mentioned.The present invention provides a kind of combining super capacitor device and can hand over
The energy-storage system of battery pack is changed to drive electric vehicle.In such a system, the motor in electric vehicle is not driven by battery pack directly
It is dynamic, but by the controllable in parallel of battery pack and supercapacitor, it is motor.
In addition to this, extended using the technology of this programme, can also be set on existing basis using electric vehicle of the invention
Long-distance driving is carried out under the conditions of applying.
Summary of the invention
To solve the problems, such as that the charging of current electric vehicle is inconvenient, the present invention provide a kind of combining super capacitor device with it is commutative
The energy-storage system of battery pack and with its for driving electric vehicle.In such a system, the electric energy major storage in electric vehicle is multiple
In tradable mobile battery packet.But, the motor in electric vehicle is not directly by battery Packet driven, but passes through battery pack
With supercapacitor it is controllable it is in parallel be motor.In other words, drive the electric energy of electric vehicle directly from super capacitor
Device；When the voltage of capacitor reduces, battery pack is supercapacitor charging again.So, the discharge process of battery pack is just
It can become more steady, curent change degree is smaller.
These interior battery packs are not only able to charge as common electric vehicle using charging pile, additionally it is possible to take out
Charge independence is carried out outside vehicle；Different types of charge power supply, including domestic power supply, direct current quick charge electricity can be used in user
Source or photo-voltaic power supply.
Specifically, the present invention provides a kind of combining super capacitor device and commutative battery pack to provide electric energy for electric vehicle
Energy storage/charging unit, one or more moveable battery packs (1), the battery packs (1) are inserted in corresponding butt-joint socket
(2) in, the battery pack (1) by forming a tradable battery pack energy-storage system in parallel or series；The battery pack storage
It can system one supercapacitor (3) of connection；The supercapacitor (3) connect with the motor (4) of electric vehicle；
When the electric vehicle when driving, the battery pack energy-storage system be the supercapacitor power supply, the super electricity
Container is the motor, and when the electric vehicle brake, the motor is supercapacitor charging.
Preferably, sliding rail is installed, the battery pack (1) is provided with for from the docking in the butt-joint socket (2)
The handle (10) extracted or be inserted into socket (2), so that the battery pack can be from the docking without other tools
It extracts or is inserted into socket (2).
Preferably, the battery pack (1) is by capableing of the batteries of repeatedly charge and discharge, such as lithium battery, serial or parallel connection group
At, battery pack (1) weight is 2-30 kilograms, and volume is 1-30 liter, charging connector is installed on the battery pack (1), when
When the battery pack (1) removes from the butt-joint socket (2), it can use charging equipment and individually charge.
Preferably, the voltage of the supercapacitor (3) is 30-600V, capacitor 10-3000F.
Preferably, the supercapacitor (3) is connect by the first intelligent switch (S1) with the battery pack (1)；It is described
Supercapacitor is equipped with voltage sensor on (3), described when the voltage of the supercapacitor (3) is lower than predeterminated voltage
First intelligent switch is opened, and the battery pack (1) is supercapacitor charging, when the voltage of the supercapacitor (3)
When reaching predetermined voltage, first intelligent switch is closed.
Preferably, the inductor of voltage, electric current and temperature is installed in the battery pack (1)；The battery pack (1) is being filled
When electricity and electric discharge, if the temperature of the battery pack or electric current are excessively high, the battery pack will reduce charge or discharge automatically
Electric current.
To solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a kind of electric vehicle, including electric vehicle ontology, it further include above-mentioned knot
Supercapacitor and commutative battery pack are closed to provide energy storage/charging unit of electric energy for electric vehicle.
Preferably, the number of the moveable battery pack (1) and the butt-joint socket (2) is 1-8, and described pair patches
Seat (2) is mounted on front end or the tail end of electric vehicle.
Preferably, the electric vehicle is also equipped with other than being equipped with energy storage/charging unit as described in claim 1
One internal combustion engine (5) and generator connected to it (6)；The generator (6) can be by an intelligent switch (S3) even
It connects the supercapacitor (3) and charges for it.
Preferably, there are two types of selections for drive energy；It is super that driver, which can choose using the removable battery packet (1),
Grade capacitor (3) charges, or using the generator (6) is supercapacitor (3) charging, to drive the traveling of electric vehicle.
To solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a kind of moveable battery packs, which is characterized in that be suitable for combining
Supercapacitor and commutative battery pack are to provide energy storage/charging unit of electric energy for electric vehicle.
Preferably, the off-board recharging equipment of the battery pack is to aim at quickly to fill provided by the charging station of electric vehicle charging
Electric installation.
Preferably, the off-board recharging equipment of the battery pack is the charger using domestic power supply.
Preferably, the off-board recharging equipment of the battery pack is the charging unit for connecting photo-voltaic power supply.
Preferably, the battery pack can also be family by a voltage conversion device other than for electric vehicle power supply
Electrical appliance, electronic equipment and communication apparatus power supply.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the application has the following advantages:
Combining super capacitor device provided by the present application and commutative battery pack are to drive the device of electric vehicle and be equipped with this
The electric vehicle of device can solve the inconvenient problem of current electric vehicle charging；Moreover, device provided by the present invention can be same
When solve the several technical problems mentioned for background technology part, the instantaneous electric energy deliverability including (1) supercapacitor
It is eager to excel than battery pack, increases the instantaneous electric energy supply of driving electric vehicle, enhance the driveability of electric vehicle；(2) super capacitor
Device plays the role of buffering energy, increases the safety of electric vehicle when in use；(3) use supercapacitor to motor
Can make battery pack export outward the variation degree of electric current in varied situations it is more direct than battery pack to motor when it is small,
So that the electric discharge of battery pack is more stably and controllable, to increase the service life of battery.
Above-mentioned apparatus provided by the invention is used, electric vehicle can use the electricity stored in battery pack in short distance when driving
Electric vehicle can be driven, therefore can achieve the purpose that environmental protection and energy saving.It, can benefit using electric vehicle of the invention in long-distance running
It is motor with its petrol-electric generating set, to ensure that the convenience of long-distance running, and does not have to worry charging
Problem.Therefore, under the conditions of existing infrastructure, not only energy conservation and environmental protection but also side be can be realized simultaneously using electric vehicle of the invention
Just long-distance driving.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate more clearly of the embodiment of the present invention, attached drawing needed in the embodiment will be done simply below
Introduction.It should be evident that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the present application, for ordinary skill
For personnel, without creative efforts, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is combining super capacitor device a kind of in the embodiment of the present application and device of the commutative battery pack to drive electric vehicle
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a kind of connection schematic diagram of moveable battery pack and butt-joint socket in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 a is the Facad structure figure of tradable battery pack in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 b is the backside structure figure of tradable battery pack in the embodiment of the present application.
It is that moveable battery pack is filled that Fig. 4 a, which is by connecting a charger using domestic power supply using domestic power supply,
The schematic diagram of electricity.
Fig. 4 b is by connecting the schematic diagram that a photovoltaic power generation power supply is moveable battery pack charging.
Fig. 5 is provided outside vehicle using the charging station for aiming at electric vehicle charging by moveable battery pack provided by the present application
Quick charge device schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 illustrates for position of the energy-storage system of tradable battery pack a kind of in the embodiment of the present application in electric vehicle
Figure.
Fig. 7 is combining super capacitor device a kind of in the embodiment of the present application and device of the commutative battery pack to drive electric vehicle
Schematic diagram；The device is in addition to all parts for having Fig. 1 shown device, and there are also internal combustion engine, generator and its connection circuit and intelligence
It can switch.
Appended drawing reference is as follows: 1 moveable battery pack, 2 butt-joint sockets, 3 supercapacitors, 4 motor, 5 internal combustion engines, and 6
Generator；
7 plugs, 8 sockets, 9 charging interfaces, 10 handles, 11 mode switch, 12 electric-quantity display devices, 13 sliding rails, 14 use house
With the charger of power supply；
S1 controls the first intelligent switch that moveable battery pack charges to supercapacitor, and S2 controls supercapacitor pair
The intelligent switch of motor, the intelligent switch that charge to supercapacitor of S3 control generator, S4 control generator is to can
The intelligent switch of mobile battery pack charging.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description；Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without making creative work, obtained all other
Embodiment belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Core of the invention is to provide combining super capacitor device and commutative battery pack to drive device, the installation of electric vehicle
There are the electric vehicle and a kind of removable battery packet suitable for the device of the device.Use the device of the invention, so that it may
So that the charging of electric vehicle becomes flexibly convenient.Moreover, this electric vehicle not only has the advantages that energy conservation and environmental protection, it can also be existing
Under the conditions of some infrastructure, the convenience of long-distance driving can guarantee.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description
The present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 is a kind of combining super capacitor device provided in an embodiment of the present invention and commutative battery pack to drive electric vehicle
The schematic diagram of device.As shown in Figure 1, the construction of the device are as follows:
One or more moveable battery packs 1, in this embodiment, the quantity of the battery pack 1 is 2；
Butt-joint socket 2, each butt-joint socket are inserted into a moveable battery pack 1 in which can be convenient；The insertion docking
Multiple battery packs 1 of socket 2 can be connected by mode in parallel or in series to constitute tradable battery pack energy-storage system, needed
It is noted that the present embodiment is by taking the corresponding socket 2 of a battery pack 1 as an example, it is contemplated that corresponding two electricity of a socket 2
Pond packet 1, or there is socket 2 not correspond to the situations such as battery pack 1, specifically it is not limited here.
By butt-joint socket 2, moveable battery pack 1 is connect with supercapacitor 3, is charged for supercapacitor 3；This is filled
Electric process is controlled by the first intelligent switch S1, and the first intelligent switch S1 can be controlled by length of time that it is opened or closed
Moveable battery pack 1 to supercapacitor 3 transmit electricity number and speed；It is installed in the circuit of battery pack 1 and supercapacitor 3
There is the monitor of detecting voltage and temperature, detector meeting feedback information gives the first intelligent switch S1；
Supercapacitor 3 connect with engine 4 and powers for it；The power supply process is controlled by intelligent switch S2.When the electricity
In motion, driver is exactly to be reached by the control to intelligent switch S2 to the control of throttle to motor-car.
The running of device entirety:
The electric energy major storage of electric vehicle is in commutative battery pack energy-storage system.This system is by multiple moveable electricity
1 composition of pond packet.These can both be charged as common electric vehicle with charging pile mounted in interior battery pack 1, can also be very
It is easily taken out from butt-joint socket 2, takes out and carry out charge independence outside electric vehicle.Removable battery packet 1 after charging can be inserted
In butt-joint socket 2 in telegram in reply motor-car, in battery pack into and out process, without other tools.
In the present embodiment, the preferred attribute of supercapacitor is voltage 30-600V, capacitor 10-3000F.
In the present embodiment, the motor 4 in electric vehicle is directly driven by supercapacitor 3；The electric energy of supercapacitor 3
It is given and is supplemented by moveable battery pack 1.Therefore, moveable battery pack 1 is that electric vehicle provides electric energy indirectly.
Since battery pack 1 is to avoid to go out using when motor 4 in this way come drive motor 4 by supercapacitor 3
Influence of the fluctuation of existing powerful transient current to battery pack 1.When electric vehicle starting or suddenly accelerate when, motor 4
Powerful transient current is needed, battery pack 1 is difficult to provide such electric current needs.Moreover, this unexpected high-throughput electric current
Electric discharge is also unsafe for battery pack 1；It may make the temperature of battery pack 1 rise too quickly, also be unfavorable for battery pack
1 service life.Buffering of the supercapacitor 3 as drive motor 4 is used, so that it may battery pack 1 be avoided to provide by force
Big transient current ensure that the safety of system.Moreover, because supercapacitor 3 itself can be with repid discharge, it can also expire
Sufficient motor 4 is in powerful current needs whenever necessary.
When electric vehicle in motion, can be that supercapacitor 3 is powered by controlling the intelligent switch of each battery pack 1.
For example, if car in smooth-ride, the power consumption very little of motor 4, as long as using a battery pack 1 (such as B1) to super
Capacitor 3 charge just much of that.When car is in acceleration or upward slope, the power consumption of motor 4 is more, super in order to guarantee
The electric energy that capacitor 3 is lost can be quickly obtained supplement, can be charged simultaneously using multiple battery packs 1 to supercapacitor 3.
The charge mode of these different situations can be reached by the control to intelligent switch.
When electric vehicle is in brake, it is in turn supercapacitor that the kinetic energy of car can be converted to electric energy by motor 4
3 chargings.
The connection of removable battery packet in device:
The moveable battery pack 1 is made of multiple battery modules, and each battery module is by multiple high-energy densities
Battery core (such as efficient lithium battery) forms in parallel or series, can carry out charging and discharging many times.Moveable battery pack 1
On be provided with one or more charging interfaces, for being connect with different types of charge power supply；One of interface is removable
1 back side of battery pack, be designed as corresponding with butt-joint socket 2 connecting interface connection (see Fig. 2)；It is connected by this, battery pack 1
The transmission system in electric vehicle can be connected.
Butt-joint socket 2 can be a semi-enclosed cabinet, and as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, cabinet is internally provided with socket 7,
For connecting with the connecting interface 8 of moveable battery pack 1, the other end of socket is connect with intelligent switch for one end of socket.It can
Mobile independent battery packet 1 can be in the case where not needing other tools, it is easy to which ground insertion removes socket 2.Specific
In implementation, the type of socket and interface is not construed as limiting, as long as the two matches.
Embodiment two
On the basis of example 1, it the present invention provides a kind of tradable mobile battery packet, is mentioned suitable for the present invention
The combining super capacitor device of confession drives the device of electric vehicle with commutative battery pack；The moveable battery pack is by multiple
The lithium battery of high-energy is connected and/or is composed in parallel；In the present embodiment, the moveable battery pack weight is 10-
20kg, stored energy after charging are about 5-10kWh, voltage 180-360V, discharge current 1-120A, battery pack peace
Equipped with electric-quantity display device 12.The electric energy of the battery pack storage, it is sufficient to support an electric vehicle traveling about 50-100km.
The structure of moveable battery pack
The specific structure of moveable battery pack refers to Fig. 3.Due to this battery pack needs can be easily removed it is only outside vehicle
Vertical charging, therefore, weight cannot be too big, and must facilitate insertion into and take out.In the present embodiment, moveable battery pack
The size of about one attache case, weight are also that an ordinary people can lift.In order to facilitate disassembly, cabinet is built-in
There is a sliding rail, also has corresponding device in battery pack and equipped with a handle 10.By these devices, people can be very
Easily a moveable battery pack is removed and inserted into the cabinet of butt-joint socket 2, battery pack into and out
Process, without other tools.
Fig. 3 (a) is moveable the positive structure schematic of battery pack.It is used for as shown, it is preferred that front is provided with
Show the electric-quantity display device 12 of storage level.In example 1, moveable battery is surrounded by one or more charging interfaces, this
In embodiment, the quantity of charging interface is exactly two, and one of charging interface 9 is arranged in front, another is overleaf.Electricity
Pond, which is wrapped, is also equipped with a mode switch 11, for controlling the operating mode of battery pack: for example: off-state；Use common family
Use power source charges；Quick charge；For electric vehicle power supply.It should be noted that the specific structure of the mode switch in the present embodiment
Without limitation, it can be knob, be also possible to button.
Fig. 3 (b) is moveable the structure schematic diagram of battery pack.In the present embodiment, moveable battery pack
The back side of moveable battery pack is arranged in another socket 8, it not only has the function of charging interface, but also is that transmission of electricity connects
Mouthful.It can allow battery pack to be connected to the socket 7 of butt-joint socket 2 to transmit electricity for electric vehicle.The socket 8 is also that quick charge connects
Mouthful, when moveable battery pack is taken out in cabinet, it can use the charging interface 8 also to connect quickly filling for an outside
Electric installation, that is, the DC charging device of high current amount.
The charging method of moveable battery pack
Moveable battery pack provided by the invention can it is charged outside electric vehicle after, be inserted into and the present invention is installed mentions
In the electric vehicle of the device of confession.Due to being provided with one or more charging interfaces in moveable battery pack, it can make
It is charged with different types of charge power supply for it, comprising: charging pile, domestic power supply, photo-voltaic power supply and charging station quick charge dress
It sets.Battery pack 1 moveable in this way is just at a kind of carrier of energy；It is electricity that a variety of methods, which can be used, by this carrier
Motor-car charging.
It is that removable battery packet fills that Fig. 4 a, which is by connecting a charger 14 using domestic power supply using domestic power supply,
Electricity.Being connected to one by 1 positive charging interface 9 of moveable battery pack includes that alternating current turns the converter of direct current
Charger 14, so that it may charged using common standard household AC electrical power supply for the moveable battery pack 1.In this way for
There is no need to wait charging pile for electric vehicle to charge for general car owner.It only need to be one or more moveable batteries
Packet 1 takes out from car, takes home, office etc. has the place of domestic power supply to charge.
It is moveable battery pack charging that Fig. 4 b, which is using photovoltaic power generation power supply,.One charging of moveable battery pack 1
Interface 9 can connect a charge controller using photo-voltaic power supply, and charge controller is connected to photovoltaic power generation plate.Photovoltaic power generation
Plate converts light energy into electric energy, and is the charging of moveable battery pack 1 by charge controller.For needing in row from far-off regions
The vehicle sailed, refuels or charging is all inconvenient.These many remote places not in the coverage area of national grid,
But electric energy can be obtained using the method for photovoltaic power generation, such as loads onto solar panel on roof or exterior wall, these devices
Commonly referred to as distributed photovoltaic power generation is equipped.Moveable battery pack in the present embodiment can use these distributed photovoltaics hair
Power supply charges.These can be for the electricity equipped with apparatus of the present invention by the battery pack 1 after photovoltaic power generation power source charges
Motor-car provides energy.
Further, charging interface 9 and socket 8 can be not only used for charging to battery pack 1 using external power supply, can also be with
For using battery pack 1 to be powered the electric appliance other than electric vehicle.For example, utilizing photovoltaic electric using an electric pressure converter
Battery pack 1 after the charging of source can serve as an energy carrier and provide electric energy for other electronic equipments or household electrical appliance, such as
The utilization of computer, electromagnetic oven, communication apparatus etc., such this battery pack can be remote districts, and especially power grid is difficult to
The people in the region of covering provide more convenient.
As shown in figure 5, thering is quick charge device provided by charging station for the moveable battery in charging station
Packet 1 charges, and has quick charge butt-joint socket corresponding with moveable battery pack 1 in the quick charge device, constructs
It is identical as the socket 2 in electric vehicle.So these moveable battery packs 1 can easily be put into quick charge with to patching
Seat, by the socket 8 of its behind, connect with the DC charging power supply of charging station.Technical solution in this way, one removable
Battery pack can be fully charged in 10-30 minutes.The butt-joint socket 2 that battery pack 1 after charging can be inserted in electric vehicle is
The supercapacitor 3 of electric vehicle charges.
So in the present embodiment, three kinds of different power source charges can be used in this moveable battery pack: the first
It is to connect a charger 14 using normal domestic use power supply, reconnects the positive charging interface 9 of moveable battery pack and come for electricity
Chi Bao charging.Be for second using a kind of power supply of photovoltaic power generation, connect the positive charging interface 9 of moveable battery pack come for
Moveable battery pack charging.The third is to connect inserting for the moveable battery pack back side using special fast charge equipment
Mouth 8 charges.The first charging method benefit be it is simple and convenient, special power supply or equipment are not needed, in major part
The family of car owner can be carried out.Second of charging method can be adapted for outlying district and high energy saving environmental protection.The third
The benefit of charging method is efficient, quick.But it needs special equipment and special power supply, is merely able in special charging station
In just can be carried out.
Embodiment three
On the basis of the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a kind of electric vehicle, a kind of combining super is installed
Capacitor drives the device of electric vehicle with commutative battery pack.In the present embodiment, described device includes as shown in Figure 1
Its operating mode that each component part and above-described embodiment illustrate.
It is above-mentioned equipped with combining super capacitor device and commutative battery pack with drive electric vehicle device electric vehicle in addition to can
Outside being charged as conventional method using charging pile, moveable battery pack 1 can also be taken out from car, according to feelings
Condition neatly selects different power supplys to carry out charge independence outside vehicle for it.It thus can be in the case where lacking charging pile
Use electric vehicle.
As preferred embodiment, the quantity of butt-joint socket 2 is specially 1-8.Each butt-joint socket 2 can only accommodate one
A battery pack 1.In the embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, butt-joint socket is two.It is understood that the quantitative design of battery pack 1 is
1-8 are for the considerations of being actually needed, if quantity is arranged excessively, although for the energy of each moveable battery pack 1
Amount demand decreases, but will lead to frequent charge, and it is also more inconvenient to use.It, can be in conjunction with electricity in specific choice
The purposes of motor-car, self weight, the parametric synthesis such as type, energy density, weight of battery consider.
Moveable battery pack 1 is picked and placed from the butt-joint socket 2 in electric vehicle is inner in order to facilitate driver, butt-joint socket 2 can
Tail end or front end mounted in car, such driver can not need using any tool, can be very easily battery pack 1
It is taken out from butt-joint socket 2.Fig. 6 is moveable battery pack 1 a kind of in the embodiment of the present invention and its butt-joint socket 2 in electric vehicle
Interior position view.Rear end is placed in Fig. 6, corresponding position 1 is placed on front end corresponding position 2.For safety reasons, socket 2
There is a lid above, this lid can be locked.In addition, when car is not flame-out, lid cannot in order to avoid accident
It opens.When battery pack 1 to supercapacitor 3 charge when, it cannot take out from butt-joint socket 2.
In order to further illustrate the electric vehicle used in the present embodiment to solve the method for charging difficult problem and beneficial to effect
Fruit illustrates below with reference to a specific example.
Due to the moveable electricity in the combining super capacitor device and device of the commutative battery pack to drive electric vehicle
Pond packet 1 can easily take out from butt-joint socket 2, and driver, can be moveable battery pack 1 after driving to go home
It is taken off from vehicle, takes inner all night home and charge.When the next morning goes to work, then these battery packs 1 are reinstalled in vehicle
In butt-joint socket 2.It thus can solve the problem of usually charging.
In a specific embodiment, the power capacity (such as 6kWh) of each moveable battery pack 1 probably can be with
Vehicle is allowed to travel 55 kilometers.Inside the city most of car owner is provided to the needs of on and off duty and daily housework and drives, and only needs to go daily
Sail tens kilometers.For general car owner, he is as long as removing the moveable battery packs 1 of 1-2 come the satisfaction enough that charges just
Vehicle demand was used more than one day, so not needing to take a lot of trouble to go for charging pile to be lined up charging.
The quick charge provided in charging station also can be used other than being charged at night with domestic power supply in battery pack 1
Device charges for it.The benefit of this charging method is that the time of charging can be very short, such as 10-30 minutes；And it is more
A independent battery packet 1 can simultaneously charge independence, facilitate and save the time.The quick charge device of charging station refers to Fig. 5.Charging station
Inside it is provided with multiple quick charge devices, including butt-joint socket and direct current RAPID CHARGING POWER SUPPLY；They can provide battery pack 1
Quick charge service.Driver can take out the moveable battery pack 1 in electric vehicle butt-joint socket 2, take charging station,
The butt-joint socket being inserted into its quick charge device carries out quick charge.Then these charged battery packs 1 are reinstalled vehicle again
It is gone in interior butt-joint socket 2.Each butt-joint socket is independently carried out to the process of 1 quick charge of battery pack, therefore can be with
Rapidly charge simultaneously for many battery packs 1.
Example IV
On the basis of the above embodiments, supercapacitor and commutative battery pack are installed the present invention also provides a kind of
Energy mix electric vehicle.As shown in fig. 7, the electric vehicle except be equipped with a kind of combining super capacitor device described in embodiment one with
Except device of the commutative battery pack to drive electric vehicle, it is also equipped with internal combustion engine 5 and generator connected to it 6.Specifically
For, which also while being equipped with an internal combustion engine 5 and being connected thereto in addition to all parts equipped with Fig. 1 shown device
Generator 6；The generator 6 can be supercapacitor power supply by intelligent switch S3；Or by intelligent switch S4 be can
Mobile battery pack 1 is powered.
The chemical energy that internal combustion engine 5 is generated by combustion of fossil fuel can provide energy for generator 6, and generator 6 is this
A little chemical energy are converted into electric energy；Generator 6 connect with supercapacitor 3 and can charge for it, and the charging process is by intelligently opening
S3 control is closed, intelligent switch S3 can be filled by the length of time that it is opened or closed to control generator 6 to supercapacitor 3
Electricity number and speed；When the voltage detector in supercapacitor 3 informs that its charging of transmission system has been completed, intelligently open
Closing S3 can close, so that generator 6 stops transmitting electricity to supercapacitor 3.
Generator 6 also connect with moveable battery pack 1 and can charge for it, which is controlled by intelligent switch S4
System；When the voltage detector in battery pack 1 informs that its charging of transmission system has been completed, intelligent switch S4 can be closed, so that
Generator 6 stops transmitting electricity to battery pack 1.
Remaining main function mode and function mode described in embodiment one of device in the present embodiment are essentially identical.
Functionally, since embodiment adds internal combustion engines 5 and generator 6 so that its in the selection in energy source more
Flexibly, convenient.
In the present embodiment, drive electric vehicle the energy can there are many methods to supply: (1) as it is plug-in at present it is mixed can vehicle
(plug-in hybrid EV) is like that using the charging of moveable battery pack 1 that charging pile is in electric vehicle.The battery to have charged
Packet can be that motor 4 is powered indirectly by supercapacitor 3.(2) with it is existing it is plug-in it is mixed can Che Butong, moveable battery
Packet 1 can be removed outside vehicle and be plugged in；Battery pack 1 after charging is put back to again in electric vehicle
Motor 4 is powered indirectly.(3) carry out driven generator 6 using interior internal combustion engine 5, power for supercapacitor 3, super capacitor
Device 3 is powered again for motor 4.(4) 5 combustion of fossil fuels driven generator 6 of internal combustion engine, generator 6 are moveable battery pack 1
It charges；It is that motor 4 is powered indirectly that the battery pack to have charged passes through supercapacitor 3 again.
Above-mentioned power supply approach (1) and (2) only will use the electric energy in removable battery packet 1, the most energy conservation and environmental protection, be well suited for
The needs of short distance driving；Approach (3) and approach (4) use fossil fuel, compare not environmentally, but benefit be can be in long-distance driving
Shi Buyong worries the problem of endurance.
Although current oil and electricity hybrid vehicle can not have to the problem of worrying endurance, its base in long-distance driving
This power resources is burns gasoline, therefore energy conservation and environmental protection ability is very limited.Plug-in mixed energy vehicle energy local solution used at present
Certainly this problem.But, very inconvenient for this kind of mixed energy vehicle charging since the charging pile of current most cities is insufficient.This
What invention provided is equipped with combining super capacitor device with commutative battery pack to drive the energy mix of the device of electric vehicle electronic
Vehicle can supplement its deficiency.For electric vehicle of the invention using moveable battery pack 1 as energy carrier, this battery pack can
Individually to charge outside vehicle, it is not necessary to rely on charging pile.It is thus much more convenient.
So electric vehicle provided by the invention can meet the requirement in energy conservation and environmental protection and endurance simultaneously.Example below
How is the energy mix electric vehicle of the specifically clear device for being equipped with combining super capacitor device and tradable battery pack of son
It realizes energy conservation and environmental protection and guarantees the beneficial effect of endurance.
Example 1: short distance traveling only needs to be powered by moveable battery pack
For the driver of usually short distance driving, such as situation on and off duty, due in the electric vehicle in the present invention
Moveable battery pack 1 can easily take out from butt-joint socket 2, and driver, can be one after driving to go home
Or two moveable battery packs 1 are taken off from vehicle, in taking home, by connection one charger 14 using domestic power supply
It charges for 1 all night of removable battery packet.When the next morning goes to work, then these battery packs 1 reinstall in vehicle to patching
In seat 2.The problem of thus can solve electric vehicle charging.In fact, since battery pack 1 can be in off-board recharging, driver
It can charge in any place for having domestic power supply, such as office, hotel etc..In this way for general driving inside the city
The driving of short distance in other words, it is only necessary to using the electric energy in moveable battery pack 1, without employing internal combustion engine 5.That is,
Short distance driving only needs to power using above-mentioned method for electric vehicle, so that it may reach energy-saving and environment-friendly purpose, with a pure electricity
The energy conservation and environmental protection degree of motor-car is the same.
Example 2: a variety of methods can be used to power in long-distance driving
When needing long-distance travel, if there is charging pile that can charge on the way, driver also has time enough etc.
It is to be charged, then the electric energy driving of charging as common pure electric vehicle, can also be fully utilized.Certainly, due to the present invention
In electric vehicle in moveable battery pack 1 can easily be taken out from butt-joint socket 2, then charge, therefore
Driver is not necessarily intended to look for charging pile to charge, and more flexible can also be charged using other power supplys, for example, domestic power supply and
Photovoltaic power generation power supply.Meanwhile driver can also prepare one or more spare removable battery packets to have charged before upper road
1.When the power consumption of the removable battery packet 1 in electric vehicle is most, reserve battery packet 1 could alternatively be, increase endurance.Above-mentioned row
Vehicle only will use moveable battery pack 1 and be charged supercapacitor 3 come for electric vehicle by the connection of butt-joint socket 2
Power supply, therefore energy-saving and environment-friendly purpose can be reached, as the energy conservation and environmental protection degree of a pure electric vehicle.
If it is needing to travel very long distance, and the place of charging can not be found in centre, that is just needed using arriving
Internal combustion engine 5 provides energy.I.e. utilize 5 combustion of fossil fuels driven generator 6 of internal combustion engine, generator 6 be supercapacitor 3 into
Row charging, or 5 combustion of fossil fuels driven generator 6 of internal combustion engine is utilized, generator 6 is that moveable battery pack 1 charges.
Finally, 3 drive motor 4 of supercapacitor after charging provides electric energy for electric vehicle driving.At this moment the electric vehicle can have by force
Big endurance.
Therefore, electric vehicle provided in this embodiment can easily meet the driving needs of short distance, long-distance scene: work as progress
City short distance when driving can be with the just the same energy conservation and environmental protection of pure electric vehicle；And in long-distance driving, in addition to battery can be used
The electric energy of packet, and its endurance can be ensured as existing fuel-engined vehicle.
Feasibility
Using current battery technology, the power reservoir capacity of removable battery packet 1 designed by this patent can achieve
Requirement in scheme.Assuming that the weight for the tradable battery pack 1 that we design is 20 kilograms, the inside uses state-of-the-art at present
Lithium battery, (for example, using lithium battery of Panasonic model 21700).Its energy density can achieve 300Wh/kg.That
The energy storage capacity of each battery pack 1 is just up to 20x 0.30=6kWh.According to current technology, the energy of a light electric vehicle
Consumption can achieve every kilowatt hour and travel about ten kilometers.Therefore, in the electric vehicle of this patent design, each removable battery packet 1
Cruising ability can achieve 55 kilometers.
Present lithium battery is also among continuously improving.Later lithium battery energy density is certain to higher.Such as have
A little companies are developing solid state lithium battery, its energy density can achieve 495Wh/kg.When these batteries are commercialized popularization
After, the energy storage capacity for the removable battery packet 1 that we design can support an electric vehicle to run 90 kilometers.Therefore in future,
The weight of these tradable battery packs 1 can be more light than 20 kilograms designed at present, such as can reduce to 10 kilograms or so.
It is electronic to drive with commutative battery pack that combining super capacitor device is equipped with to one kind provided by the present invention above
The device of vehicle and the electric vehicle of the device is installed and energy mix electric vehicle is described in detail.Each reality in specification
It applies example to be described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, Ge Geshi
Applying same and similar part between example may refer to each other.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, In
Without departing from the principles of the invention, can be with several improvements and modifications are made to the present invention, these improvement and modification are also fallen
Enter in the protection scope of the claims in the present invention.
It should also be noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second and the like be used merely to by
One entity or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying these entities or operation
Between there are any actual relationship or orders.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant meaning
Covering non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment for including a series of elements not only includes that
A little elements, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or
The intrinsic element of equipment.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", is not arranged
Except there is also other identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of provide energy storage/charging unit of electric energy for electric vehicle characterized by comprising
One or more moveable battery packs (1), the battery pack (1) are inserted in corresponding butt-joint socket (2), the electricity
Chi Bao (1) by forming a tradable battery pack energy-storage system in parallel or series；The battery pack energy-storage system connection one
A supercapacitor (3)；The supercapacitor (3) connect with the motor (4) of electric vehicle；
When the electric vehicle when driving, the battery pack energy-storage system be the supercapacitor (3) power supply, the super capacitor
Device (3) is the motor (4) power supply, and when the electric vehicle brake, the motor (4) is the supercapacitor (3)
Charging.
2. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be equipped with sliding rail, the battery pack in the butt-joint socket (2)
(1) it is provided with the handle (10) for extracting or being inserted into out of the butt-joint socket (2), so that the battery pack (1) is not necessarily to
It can extract or be inserted into out of the butt-joint socket (2) by other tools.
3. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the battery pack (1) by be capable of repeatedly charge and discharge battery,
Such as lithium battery, it is connected in series or in parallel, battery pack (1) weight is 2 to 30 kilograms, and volume is 1 to 30 liter, the battery
Charging connector is installed on packet (1), when the battery pack (1) is removed from the butt-joint socket (2), can use charging equipment
Individually charge.
4. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the voltage of the supercapacitor (3) is 30 to 600 volts,
Capacitor is 10 to 3000 farads.
5. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the supercapacitor (3) passes through the first intelligent switch (S1)
It is connect with the battery pack (1)；Voltage sensor is installed on the supercapacitor (3), when the supercapacitor (3)
When voltage is lower than predeterminated voltage, first intelligent switch is opened, and the battery pack (1) is supercapacitor charging, when
When the voltage of the supercapacitor (3) reaches predetermined voltage, first intelligent switch is closed.
6. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be equipped with voltage, electric current and temperature in the battery pack (1)
Inductor；The battery pack (1) is when being charged and discharged, if the temperature of the battery pack or electric current are excessively high, the battery pack
The electric current of charge or discharge will be reduced automatically.
7. a kind of electric vehicle, which is characterized in that installation is just like device described in claim 1 to 6 any one.
8. electric vehicle as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the moveable battery pack (1) and the butt-joint socket
(2) number is 1 to 8, and the butt-joint socket (2) is mounted on front end or the tail end of electric vehicle.
9. electric vehicle as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that electric vehicle is in addition to being equipped with storage as described in claim 1
Outside energy/charging unit, the generator (6) that is also equipped with an internal combustion engine (5) and is connect with the internal combustion engine；The generator
(6) supercapacitor (3) is connected by intelligent switch (S3) and charged for it.
10. electric vehicle as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that there are two types of selections for the electric vehicle drive energy；Driver
Can choose using the removable battery packet (1) is supercapacitor (3) charging, or it is super for using the generator (6)
Grade capacitor (3) charges, to drive the traveling of electric vehicle.
11. a kind of moveable battery pack, which is characterized in that be suitable for device as claimed in claim 3.
12. battery pack as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the off-board recharging equipment of the battery pack is electronic to aim at
Quick charge device provided by the charging station of vehicle charging.
13. battery pack as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the off-board recharging equipment of the battery pack is to use household
The charger of power supply.
14. battery pack as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the off-board recharging equipment of the battery pack is connection photovoltaic
The charging unit of power supply.
15. battery pack as claimed in claim 14, which is characterized in that the battery pack is other than for electric vehicle power supply, also
It can be household electrical appliance, electronic equipment and communication apparatus power supply by a voltage conversion device.
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| CN201910918517.1A CN110474415A (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | The energy storage device of a kind of combining super capacitor device and commutative battery pack and the electric vehicle driven with it |
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| CN201910918517.1A CN110474415A (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | The energy storage device of a kind of combining super capacitor device and commutative battery pack and the electric vehicle driven with it |
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Application publication date: 20191119 |