CN113966417A

CN113966417A - Combing machine for spinning preparation threads

Info

Publication number: CN113966417A
Application number: CN202080027729.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢卡·索利亚尼; 吉罗拉莫·普兰迪尼
Original assignee: Marzoli SpA
Current assignee: Marzoli SpA
Priority date: 2019-04-11
Filing date: 2020-03-26
Publication date: 2022-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-26
Also published as: EP3953507A1; IT201900005608A1; WO2020208454A1; JP7423650B2; EP3953507B1; CN113966417B; JP2022527046A

Abstract

A combing machine (1) for a spinning preparation line comprises a plurality of combing heads (2) and a drafting device (600) for each combing head, downstream of a nip and upstream of a deviation device, suitable for drafting a combed web.

Description

Combing machine for spinning preparation threads

Technical Field

The subject of the invention is a combing machine for cotton fibre spinning preparation threads.

In a spinning preparation line, after an initial step of opening and cleaning the fibres, a carding operation is performed by a carding machine, after which the fibres form a sliver.

The card sliver coming out of the carding machine is usually subjected to a first drafting in a drafting machine, in which several slivers are combined.

A predefined number of slivers, typically 24, 28 or 32, enters the lap-forming machine to make the lap treated in the combing machine, so as to obtain combed slivers in which the fibres are highly parallel and clean.

Background

The basic operations of combing, which in the more recently constructed conventional machine follow each other at a speed of 500 and 550 strokes per minute, are:

intermittent feeding of the coarse sliver;

combing the head of the incoming cotton bundle (tuft) by rotating combing with the nip closed;

the head of the cotton bundle is superposed and joined to the sliver previously combed in the previous cycle, suitably retracted by the separation cylinder during its reverse rotation;

combing the tail of the cotton bundle by the straight comb of the clamping part under the condition that the clamping part is opened;

the combed cotton bundle is advanced by the separation cylinder during forward rotation of the separation cylinder.

However, the separation cylinder has an alternating rotary motion.

In order to overcome the drawbacks due to the alternating rotary motion of the separation cylinder, solutions have been developed in which the separation cylinder has a unidirectional rotary motion. One solution is shown in document EP-A1-1553219.

Additional solutions are shown in the name of the applicant in the international applications PCT/IB2019/050158 and PCT/IB 2019/051946.

Object of the Invention

The object of the present invention is to create a combing machine, in particular provided with a separation cylinder with continuous rotary motion (at constant or variable but unidirectional speed), which is able to ensure a satisfactory level of combed sliver quality.

This object is achieved by a combing machine made according to claim 1. The dependent claims describe further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

Drawings

The characteristics and advantages of the combing machine according to the invention will emerge from the description given below, by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a combing machine according to the invention, comprising a plurality of combing heads;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a combing head according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The combing machine 1 according to the invention comprises a fixed frame and a plurality of combing heads 2, aligned along a transverse axis X.

In each combing head 2, the sliver being processed advances in the longitudinal direction Y.

Downstream of each combing head 2, a funnel 4 is positioned, whereby the combed sliver is compressed into a web N.

The webs coming from each combing head 2 are deflected by suitable deflecting means 6 and are placed alongside one another on a pallet so as to travel along a common advancing direction, which is generally parallel to the transverse direction X.

Each combing head 2 comprises a grip provided with a lower jaw, an upper jaw and a straight comb normally on the lower jaw.

Further, the nip includes a feed cylinder supported by the lower jaw, the feed cylinder being operable to rotate intermittently.

The combing head further includes at least one pair of separation cylinders downstream of the nip.

For example, preferably immediately downstream of and facing the nip is a pair 20' of superposed separation cylinders 20a ', 20b ', preferably in pressure contact, provided with a continuous rotary motion (at a constant or variable but irreversible speed) to drag the sliver segment coming out of the nip, tearing off the sliver mass and bringing it downstream.

Preferably, the lower separation cylinder 20b ' is motorized or operated in a rotary manner by kinematic connection with another motorized cylinder, while the upper separation cylinder 20a ', preferably provided with a rubber coating, is in pressure contact with the lower separation cylinder 20b ' and is driven in rotation thereby.

According to one embodiment, downstream of the pair 20' of separation cylinders 20a ', 20b ' is placed a pair of auxiliary cylinders 20 comprising: an upper auxiliary cylinder 20a, which is motorized or operated in a rotating manner, preferably through a kinematic connection with another motorized cylinder; and a lower auxiliary cylinder 20b which is normally in pressure contact with the upper auxiliary cylinder 20a and is preferably driven in a rotary manner thereby.

The

auxiliary cylinders

20a, 20b, having a peripheral speed Vs, have a continuous rotary motion (at a constant or variable but irreversible speed), such as to drag along the sliver segment supplied by the

separation cylinders

20a, 20b, the cotton bundles torn off from the sliver and bringing them from upstream to downstream.

According to a preferred embodiment, the combing head comprises an auxiliary device 300 comprising said

auxiliary cylinders

20a, 20b and respective

auxiliary belts

304a, 304b running along respective closed paths, for example defined by

auxiliary deflectors

306a, 306b, 308a, 308b such as cylinders, rollers, angular elements, etc.

Furthermore, the combing head comprises a main device 26, which is provided immediately downstream of the

auxiliary cylinders

20a, 20b or immediately downstream of the separation cylinders 20a ', 20b', for example with a rotating movable main surface 28, against which the cotton flocks coming out of the

auxiliary cylinders

20a, 20b impact, in particular with an impact area 29 of said main surface 28.

The auxiliary device 300 is suitable for transferring the cotton mass S ' torn off by the separating cylinders 20a ', 20b ' to said main device 26.

The main surface 28 is provided with a main velocity Va, in particular in the impact area 29.

For example, the main device 26 comprises a main cylinder 30 provided with a continuous rotary motion in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction (at a constant or variable but unidirectional speed), with a lateral surface 30' constituting the main surface 28 of the main device 26.

The side surface 30', i.e. the main surface 28, is air impermeable. In other words, no suction holes or gaps are provided on said surface, or if present, as in the case of breathable fabrics, they are not connected to an air suction device.

The main cylinder 30 generally has a diameter larger than the diameter of the

main separation cylinders

20a, 20b and a peripheral velocity Vm corresponding to the angular velocity Wm.

The peripheral velocity Vm of the main cylinder 30 is smaller than the peripheral velocity Vs of the

auxiliary cylinders

20a, 20 b.

The combing head also comprises a conveyor device 40 on which the cotton bundles of the sliver web are carried, leaving the main surface 28 of the main device 26 or the lateral surface 30' of said main cylinder 30; the cotton bale is transported into a transfer area 42 of the transfer apparatus 40.

Preferably, the transfer device 40 engages the main surface 28 of the main device 26; for example, the conveying device 40 is tangent to the side surface 30' of the main cylinder 30 along a joining line L.

Preferably, the transfer device 40 is flat in the vicinity of the junction line L.

Furthermore, said conveying area 42 of the conveying device 40 is preferably flat.

An imaginary lower plane P4, having defined a center, which passes through the axis of rotation of the lower auxiliary cylinder 20b and of the main cylinder 30, said central lower plane P4 intersecting the side surfaces of the lower auxiliary cylinder 20b and of the main cylinder 30, defining a lower channel 32 through which the cotton wool pack detached from the main surface 28, i.e. from the side surfaces 30', passes to be conveyed onto the conveyor device 40.

A central imaginary upper plane P5 is likewise defined, which passes through the axes of rotation of the upper auxiliary cylinder 20a and of the main cylinder 30; the central upper plane P5 intersects the side surfaces of the upper auxiliary cylinder 20a and the main cylinder 30 to define the upper channel 34.

The lower channel 32 is narrower than the upper channel 34, through which the cotton bale detached from the main surface 28, i.e. from the side surface 30', passes in order to be conveyed onto the conveyor 40.

In other words, the cotton bale that is separated from the main surface 28, i.e. from the side surface 30', to be conveyed onto the conveyor device 40 passes through the narrower of the two channels (called outlet channels) created by the lower auxiliary cylinder 20b and the upper auxiliary cylinder 20a with respect to the main surface 28, i.e. the side surface 30', of the main device 26.

The conveying area 42 is positioned facing the lower channel 32, for example upstream of the junction line L, with reference to the direction of the primary speed Va or to the direction of the peripheral speed Vm of the upper primary cylinder 30 on said junction line L.

Furthermore, the conveyor device 40 is preferably mobile, i.e. provided with a support speed Vs predefined in the conveying area 42.

For example, the combing head is provided with a movable pad 50 which moves along a closed path, preferably outside the main cylinder 30, and which, for at least one section, constitutes said conveying device 40.

The speed of the pad 50 in the transport area 42 corresponds to the support speed Vs and matches the direction of the primary speed Va or the direction of the peripheral speed of the primary cylinder 30 on the joining line L.

For example, on the bond line L, the pad 50 is tangent to the major surface 28 or side surface 30' of the major cylinder 30.

Preferably, the pad 50 is wound around at least one deflection cylinder in order to follow its closed path.

The operation of the above-described combing head is described in detail in international application PCT/IB2019/051946, the teachings of which are expressly incorporated herein.

The combing head according to the invention also comprises a drafting device 600 positioned downstream of the nip, but upstream of the deviation means 6 of each combing head 2, in particular upstream of its funnel 4.

In particular, the drafting device 600 is located downstream of the main device 26, or downstream of the main cylinder 30, and is fed by the conveying device 40.

The drafting device 600 comprises a first pair 602 of drafting cylinders 602a, 602b, wherein the first lower drafting cylinder 602b is preferably motorized, while the first upper drafting cylinder 602a is engaged under pressure with the first lower drafting cylinder 602b and is therefore driven in rotation.

The drafting device 600 further comprises an upper drafting belt 604a which engages with the first upper drafting cylinder 602a and a deflecting element, such as a roller 606.

The drafting device 600 further comprises a lower drafting belt 604b which engages with the first lower drafting cylinder 602b and an additional deflecting element such as a baffle 608.

According to a preferred embodiment, the lower drafting belt 604b coincides with the pad 50 of the conveying device 40.

Preferably, the baffle 608 has a T-shaped cross section and a sliding portion 610 having a preferably arcuate sliding surface 612 on which the lower draft belt 604b slides.

Further, preferably, the roller 606 is arranged at said sliding surface 612.

The lower 604b and upper 604a draft belts are in contact with each other for the contact sections 614 of their respective paths.

An imaginary plane C passing through the rotational axis of the first upper cylinder 602a and the rotational axis of the first lower cylinder 602b intersects the contact sections 614 of the two

belts

604a, 604b on the upstream clamping line P'.

Furthermore, preferably, downstream of said contact section 614, the upper drawing belt 604a is separated from the lower drawing belt 604b before the lower drawing belt 604b is deflected by the baffle 610. In other words, downstream of the contact section 614, the lower drafting belt 604 is supported by the sliding surface 612 to travel further forward before turning into the return section of the closed path.

The combed sliver leaving the first pair 602 of drafting cylinders 602a, 602b advances at a predefined upstream velocity V1.

The drafting device 600 further comprises a second pair 620 of drafting

cylinders

620a, 620b, arranged downstream of the first pair 602.

The second lower drafting cylinder 620b is preferably motorized, while the second upper drafting cylinder 620a is in pressure contact with the second lower drafting cylinder 620b and is thus driven in rotation.

An imaginary plane C "including the rotation axis of the second upper drafting cylinder 620a and the rotation axis of the second lower drafting cylinder 620b includes a downstream nip line P" along which the second upper drafting cylinder 620a and the second lower drafting cylinder 620b are in contact.

The second pair 620 of drafting

cylinders

620a, 620b has a peripheral speed V2, referred to as the downstream speed, which is greater than the downstream speed V1, so that the combed sliver engaged simultaneously between the first pair 602 of drafting cylinders 602a, 602b is subjected to drafting in the contact section 614 and between the drafting

cylinders

620a, 620b of the second pair 620.

According to a preferred embodiment, the load at which the

drafting belts

604a, 604b contact each other along the contact section 614 is adjustable.

For example, the load exerted by the upper draft belt 604a on the lower draft belt 604b can be adjusted by using springs with adjustable load, operating on the deflector or roller 606 or by using several interchangeable springs each with a predefined load.

Advantageously, downstream of the upstream nip line P', the combed sliver formed by the plurality of superposed cotton bundles is subjected to a controlled drafting, since it is kept under pressure between the upper and

lower belts

604a, 604 b.

Said

belts

604a, 604b thus represent an example of a more general pressure device suitable for pressing the sliver of the superimposed cotton bundle between the upstream and downstream nip lines P', P ".

According to an additional embodiment, the pressure means comprise a lower guide on which the sliver of the superimposed cotton bundle runs and an upper belt pressing the sliver onto this guide.

According to a preferred embodiment, the combing heads of the combing machine are moved off-axis by means of a circular combing shaft for the respective circular comb, an upper separating shaft and a lower separating shaft for the separating cylinder and likewise for the auxiliary cylinder.

According to another embodiment, the combing machine comprises electronic regulation means suitable for regulating the speed of the main surface 28 or the rotation speed of the main cylinder 30. Advantageously, by means of said speed control, the degree of overlap between the cotton bundles can be adjusted.

For the sake of clarity, the above description has been made with reference to a combing head provided with a separating cylinder with unidirectional rotary motion; however, according to a variant of the invention, the drafting device can also be used in the context of a conventional combing machine provided with a separating cylinder with an alternating rotary motion.

The above embodiments should not be considered exclusive; rather, features described with respect to one embodiment may be combined with one or more features described with respect to other embodiments, either together or separately.

The combing head according to the invention produces high-quality combed slivers, innovatively, since the latter are subjected to controlled drafting downstream of the main cylinder.

It is clear that a person skilled in the art, in order to satisfy contingent needs, may make modifications to the combing head described above, all of which are included within the scope of protection defined by the following claims.

Claims

1. Combing machine (1) for cotton fibre spinning preparation threads, comprising at least two combing heads (2), wherein each combing head comprises:

-a nip and a circular comb, suitable for combing a sliver of fibre;

-at least one pair of separation cylinders, downstream of the grip, provided with a unidirectional rotary motion;

-deflecting means, arranged downstream of said nip and of said separation cylinder, suitable for deflecting the web (N) in which the combing bars are compressed towards a common advancing transverse direction (X), along which the webs of the combing heads are placed side by side with each other;

-a drafting device (600), downstream of the nip and the separation cylinder and upstream of the deviation means, suitable for drafting the combed sliver.

2. Combing machine according to claim 1, wherein the drafting device is located upstream of a funnel (6) for compressing the sliver.

3. Combing machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drafting device (600) comprises a first pair (602) of drafting cylinders (602a, 602b) kept under pressure along an upstream nip line (P'), and a second pair (620) of drafting cylinders (620a, 620b) in pressure contact along a downstream pressure line (P ") downstream of the first pair (602).

4. Combing machine according to claim 3, wherein the peripheral speed of the second pair (620) of drafting cylinders (620a, 620b) is greater than the peripheral speed of the first pair (602) of drafting cylinders (602a, 602 b).

5. Combing machine according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the drafting device (600) comprises a pressure device suitable for squeezing the sliver of the superposed cotton bundle between the upstream clamping line (P ') and the downstream clamping line (P').

6. A combing machine according to claim 5, wherein the pressure device comprises:

-an upper drafting belt (604a) engaged with a first upper drafting cylinder (602a) and a deflecting element, such as a roller (606); and

-a lower drafting belt (604b) engaged with the first lower drafting cylinder (602b) and with a further deflecting element, such as a baffle (608);

wherein the belts (604a, 604b) travel along respective closed paths and contact each other along a contact section (614) downstream of the upstream clamping line (P').

7. Combing machine according to claim 6, wherein the apron (608) has a sliding surface (612) sliding to support a portion of the lower drafting belt (604b), the sliding surface (612) preferably being arched.

8. Combing machine according to claim 7, wherein the contact section (614) at least partially overlaps the sliding surface (612) of the flap (608).

9. Combing machine according to claim 8, wherein the contact section (614) only partially overlaps the sliding surface (612) of the flap (608).

10. Combing machine according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the rollers (606) are arranged along the sliding surface (612).

11. Combing machine according to one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the deflection or roller (606) operates with an adjustable load on the upper belt (604 a).

12. Combing machine according to claim 11, wherein the load can be adjusted by means of a spring operating on the deflector or roller (606).

13. A combing machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each combing head comprises:

-a pair (20') of separation cylinders (20a ', 20b ') in mutual contact, provided with a unidirectional rotary motion, suitable for tearing off the fiber cotton bundles successively from the sliver and conveying them downstream at a conveying speed;

-a main device (26) provided with a main surface (28) movable at a predefined speed lower than the conveying speed, said main surface (28) being configured so that the cotton bundles impact, in succession, impact areas (29) of said main surface (28) and are partially superposed, forming a sliver composed of partially superposed cotton bundles;

-a conveying device (40) which collects and moves the sliver consisting of partially superimposed cotton bundles;

-wherein the drafting device (600) is placed downstream of the conveying device (40) and is thus fed with the sliver consisting of partially superimposed cotton bundles.

14. Combing machine according to claim 13, wherein

-the transfer device (40) comprises a transferable pad (50); and

-said lower drafting belt (604b) coinciding with a pad (50) of said conveying device (40).

15. Combing machine according to claim 13 or 14, comprising an auxiliary device (300) arranged between said pair (20') of separation cylinders (20a ', 20b ') and said main device (26).

16. Combing machine according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the main device (26) comprises a main cylinder (30) provided with a continuous rotary motion of constant or variable speed, wherein a lateral surface (30') of the main cylinder (30) constitutes the main surface (28).

17. Combing machine according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the main surface (28) is air-impermeable.

18. Combing head for a combing machine for cotton spinning preparation threads, comprising:

-a drafting device (600) placed downstream of the conveying device (40) and fed thereby the sliver consisting of partially superimposed cotton bundles.

19. Combing machine according to claim 18, wherein

-the drafting device (600) comprises a first pair (602) of drafting cylinders (602a, 602b) maintained under pressure along an upstream nip line (P'), and a second pair (620) of drafting cylinders (620a, 620b) in pressure contact along a downstream pressure line (P ") downstream of the first pair (602), and wherein

-said drafting device (600) comprises pressure means suitable for pressing the sliver of the superimposed cotton bundle between said upstream clamping line (P ') and said downstream clamping line (P').