CN1139577A - 巴尔赫霉素作为动物增产剂的用途以及增产剂组合物 - Google Patents
巴尔赫霉素作为动物增产剂的用途以及增产剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
巴尔赫霉素作为动物增产剂的用途以及增产剂组合物。巴尔赫霉素，适当地话与一种或多种巴尔赫霉素的衍生物结合，适合于增加单胃或多胃动物的产量。
Description
本发明涉及使用巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)来增加动物产量以及增产剂组合物。
巴尔赫霉素(Balhimycin)，一种具有结构式I的化合物，是一种众所周知的糖肽抗菌素(EP.0 468 504)。巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)的衍生物以及它们在农业中作为增产剂时的实用性也有专利公开(EP.0 521 408)。然而，就现有技术状态而言，巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)适宜于增加动物产量的显著的特性也是使人惊奇的。
因而，本发明涉及使用巴尔赫霉素(任选地组合一种或多种balhimycin的衍生物)来增加单胃或多胃动物的产量，以及用来增加单胃或多胃动物产量的组合物。该组合物中含巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)，任选地与一种或多种它的衍生物相结合。
巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)可根据以上提到的专利EP.0 468504(US.5,451,570)中所描述的由微生物放线菌SP.DSM.5908发酵的方法来制备。
如上所述，除巴尔赫霉素外，这些新型组合物还可以含一种或多种巴尔赫霉素的衍生物。这些巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)的衍生物尤其是指二甲基巴尔赫霉素，二甲基亮氨酰巴尔赫霉素，二萄糖巴尔赫霉素，脲基巴尔赫霉素，二甲基二葡糖巴尔赫霉素，甲基巴尔赫霉素，巴尔赫霉素R或巴尔赫霉素V，以及它们的水合物和/或药理上允许的盐。这些巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)的衍生物的制备和性质在EP.0 521 408中已经描述，这里特意引入以供参考。
这些新型组合物的活性物质由50～100％，优选为60～100％，尤其是70～100％的巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)组成。
这些新型组合物当用于经济上有用的雄性，雌性以及阉割的动物(比如家禽，小猪，肥猪，产仔猪，小牛，肥牛和奶牛)时特别有意义。这些组合物也适合于用来增加其它动物(比如兔，鱼)的产量。特别优选的情况是将这些新型组合物用于家禽，小猪和肥猪，尤其用于肉用仔鸡和长肥的火鸡。
本文中，产量增加应理解为尤其指饲料利用率的改进，生物体重的增加，奶产量或蛋产量的增加。
活性物质优选地按0.1～600毫克/每天每公斤体重的剂量施用给动物。可以用不同的方法来施用活性物质。
这些新型组合物在组成和施用形式方面都存在差别。
比如，根据本发明，可以用巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)和其衍生物的生理上允许的盐和酯或它们的结合物来代替巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)和(适当的话)巴尔赫霉素的衍生物，或与它们一起使用。
例如有可能可将活性物质加至完全饲料或辅助饲料中，或日常配给的一部分中，以纯物质或粗产品的形式(例如，在提取含活性物质的培养肉汤后)或以一种合适的制剂形式。饲料可以是固体或液体形式。另外，可将活性物质，活性物质结合物或活性物质制剂加至饮用水中。也有可能使用通常的辅助剂将一种活性物质或多种活性物质制成口服用的固体或液体药物制剂并且施用它/或它们，或将它/它们加至饲料中。也可以用植入物由肠胃外途径施用活性物质。
含巴尔赫霉素和(任选地)一种或多种巴尔赫霉素的衍生物的组合物的特别优选的形式可以通过以下获得：发酵一种合适的微生物(EP.0468 504)来制备巴尔赫霉素，并让巴尔赫霉素与培养肉汤中的不挥发性组分一起进一步处理。比如，通过将含巴尔赫霉素的培养肉汤喷雾干燥，将巴尔赫霉素与培养肉汤中不挥发组分一起离析出来。这样形成了一种产物，取决于微生物，该产物除含巴尔赫霉素之外，还可含一定量的巴尔赫霉素的衍生物。除此之外，相应产物中活性物质的含量可以有针对性地通过加入纯巴尔赫霉素或一种或多种巴尔赫霉素的衍生物来改变。
许多情况下一种优选的施用形式是将活性物质以浓缩物(预混合物)的形式加至饲料中。比如，这种浓缩物可通过将活性物质或活性物质结合物，粗产品或含活性物质的抽提物与一种生理上允许的固体或液体赋形剂混合而制得。
适宜的固体赋形剂的例子有谷类副产品，如粗麦粉，麦糠或脱油的稻糠，也可以是玉米粉，大豆面，高岭土或碳酸钙。可以用的液体赋形剂是生理盐溶液，水和生理上允许的有机溶剂。本文中可以使用适当的添加剂，比如乳化剂，分散剂，悬浮剂，润湿剂或胶凝剂。通常，浓缩物(预混合的)含0.1～20重量％，优选为0.5～15重量％的活性物质或组合物。根据使用目的，可以超出或该低于活性物质的浓度。
活性物质与饲料一起施用时，权宜的方法是将浓缩物与饲料均匀混合。适宜的饲料是那些常用的饲料，如不同的谷类，回收油后的废料(比如提取过油的大豆面)和其它高能和高蛋白物质，比如木薯淀粉和鱼粉，以及饲料混合物，辅助饲料和矿物质混合物。
通常，生长的最佳增长取决于饲料的组成(特别是蛋白质含量)和巴尔赫霉素和/或巴尔赫霉素的衍生物或其结合物的含量。一般是活性物质含量增加生长也增加。最佳剂量可以用少数量的预备试验，通过析因试验设计来确定。通常，饲料中活性物质的浓度为0.1～500毫克/公斤，优选为0.1～200毫克/公斤，尤其是0.1～100毫克/公斤。
活性物质也能以在饮用水或其它饮液(如奶替代物)中的溶液或悬浮液施用。
也可以将活性物质以其固体或液体药物制剂的形式经口服直接施用于动物，优选是在喂养时或喂养前或喂养后的较短时间里施用。采用这种方法施用时，药物制剂可以是比如片剂，胶囊，糊剂，颗粒组合物，粉末，丸剂，缓慢释放的丸剂，汁，浆，盐块(Leckstein)或如上所述的预混合的浓缩物。这种施用形式对于放牧性动物尤其有益。
对于采用片剂，胶囊剂，浆糊，boli，丸剂，颗粒，汁，浆之类的施用形式，可以使用与药物技术中已知的相同的辅助物质和添加剂，尤其是用来制备长期施用的连续释放活性物质的制剂的辅助物质。专门为反刍动物开发的后一种制剂尤其有益。比如活性物质可以与粉状稀释剂(如微晶纤维素，蔗糖或淀粉)混合，以填满胶囊空间。也可用通常的方法通过添加诸如纤维素，乳糖，氯化钠，淀粉，糊精，纤维素衍生物之类的物质来制备片剂。药物中常见的辅助物质(比如植物油，科利当(Kollidon)，纤维素衍生物之类)也可以用来制备液体制剂。比如巴尔赫霉素和/或其类似物的含水溶液或悬浮液中除了活性物质外也可以包含来自培养肉汤的粗提取物的辅助组分以及(例如)合适的缓冲剂。优选地，每个施用单位应含0.1～600毫克活性物质或活性物质混合物。
当以肠胃外途径施用活性物质或活性物质组合物时，取决于动物的种类，优选是使用一种用普通方法制备和使用的植入物，将所需用量的活性物质在几周或几月内连续释放。
为了提高效果，也可以与其它添加剂如抗生素或化学治疗剂相结合也是可能的。
本发明中使用的活性物质，优选是巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)，对产量具有积极的效果。除此之外，当提供的量与需求量相符时，通常与不存在活性物质或其组合物时所需饲量的相比，为获得相同的重量增加而需要较低的饲料量。
结果，可以观察到节约蛋白质和节约饲料的效果。通常，也由于动物的排泄物减少环境污染。
以下的实例和效用的阐述以及专利权利要求的内容是为了更详细地说明本发明。
实施例
用160只肉用仔鸡(80只雄鸡和80只雌鸡)进行现场巴尔赫霉素喂养试验。将小鸡分成5组：第一组：未经处理对照物第二组：巴尔赫霉素，15毫克/公斤饲料第三组：巴尔赫霉素，30毫克/公斤饲料第四组：巴尔赫霉素，45毫克/公斤饲料第五组：巴尔赫霉素，60毫克/公斤饲料
饲料具有以下组成(表1)。
表1：喂养小鸡的完全饲料
组成 ％
鱼粉 6.0
饲用酵母 2.0
大豆油 4.35
粗大豆粉 24.0
苜宿粉 1.0
玉米 44.615
麦 6.7
粗麦粉 8.5
饲用磷酸钙 1.4
饲用碳酸钙 0.96
家禽用痕量元素混合物 0.04
家禽盐 0.09
DL-蛋氨酸 0.07
Raiffeisen G1维生素预混合物 0.015
胆碱盐酸盐 0.26
每40只动物关在一个盒子中且按组分配提供饲料喂养35天。重量变化，饲料摄入量和饲料利用率情况见表2。表2：饲料中巴尔赫霉素(balhimycin)的浓度对小鸡生长和饲料利用率的影响
| 组 | 序号n | 生物重量开始 结尾g g | 增重g/天 | 饲料摄入量 利用率g/天 kg of FI/kg of LW* | ||
| A对照 | 152.00 | 41.3100.0 | 1482.0139.8100.0 | 41.17c3.95100.0 | 72.64.12100.0 | 1.760.03100.0 |
| B巴尔赫霉素15mg/公斤 | 151.00 | 40.096.9 | 1602.0130.5108.1 | 44.63b3.73108.4 | 72.50.7899.9 | 1.62***0.0292.0 |
| C巴尔赫霉素30mg/公斤 | 156.00 | 43.5105.3 | 1640.0125.4110.7 | 45.62a3.59110.8 | 75.31.33100.6 | 1.65**0.0493.8 |
| D巴尔赫霉素45mg/公斤 | 154.00 | 42.0101.7 | 1617.0134.7109.1 | 44.99ab3.85109.3 | 73.01.73100.6 | 1.62***0.0292.0 |
| E | 42.3 | 1600.0 | 44.50b | 73.1 | 1.64** | |
| 巴尔赫霉素60mg/公斤 | 156.00 | 102.4 | 141.1108.0 | 4.02108.1 | 2.29100.7 | 0.0393.2 |
不同的字母表示各组之间的显著性偏差(P＜0.05)饲料利用率：*** P＜0.001
** P＜0.005，与对照比较显著的*kg of FI/kg of LW＝饲料摄入的公斤数/生物增长的公斤数
Claims (9)
1、巴尔赫霉素，任选地与一种或多种巴尔赫霉素的衍生物结合，在增加单胃或多胃动物的产量方面的用途。
2、用来增加单胃或多胃动物的产量的组合物，该组合物包含巴尔赫霉素，任选地与一种或多种巴尔赫霉素的衍生物结合。
3、根据权利要求2中所要求的组合物，施用时每天每公斤体重使用0.1～600毫克的活性物质。
4、根据权利要求2～3中一项或多项所要求的组合物，将其与固体或液体完全饲料或辅助饲料一起或与饮用水一起施用。
5、根据权利要求2～4中一项或多项所要求的组合物，该组合物是一种固体或液体的浓缩物(预混合物)。
6、根据权利要求2～4中一项或多项所要求的组合物，该组合物是一种口服用的固体或液体的药物制剂，优选为片剂，胶囊，糊剂，粒剂，粉末，汁，浆，盐块，丸剂或缓释丸剂。
7、根据权利要求2所要求的组合物，该组合物是巴尔赫霉素和任选地一种或多种巴尔赫霉素的衍生物的供肠胃外施用的、经数月或数周连续释放的植入物。
8、根据权利要求2～4中一项或多项所要求的组合物，该组合物包含巴尔赫霉素以及由巴尔赫霉素发酵所产生的不挥发组分。
9、根据权利要求2～8中一项或多项所要求的组合物的制备方法，该方法包括将巴尔赫霉素，任选地与一种或多种巴尔赫霉素的衍生物结合，任选地与生理上允许的辅助物质一起，制成一种适宜施用的形式。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19523394A DE19523394A1 (de) | 1995-06-28 | 1995-06-28 | Verwendung von Balhimycin zur Leistungssteigerung bei Tieren sowie leistungssteigernde Mittel |
| DE19523394.8 | 1995-06-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1139577A true CN1139577A (zh) | 1997-01-08 |
Family
ID=7765395
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96108585A Pending CN1139577A (zh) | 1995-06-28 | 1996-06-26 | 巴尔赫霉素作为动物增产剂的用途以及增产剂组合物 |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5719121A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0750846A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH0977683A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR970000241A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1139577A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU5618496A (zh) |
| BG (1) | BG100673A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9602917A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2180079A1 (zh) |
| CO (1) | CO4750669A1 (zh) |
| CZ (1) | CZ188296A3 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE19523394A1 (zh) |
| HU (1) | HUP9601781A3 (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL118742A0 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX9602507A (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL314832A1 (zh) |
| SK (1) | SK84196A3 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA965455B (zh) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3928571A (en) * | 1972-12-15 | 1975-12-23 | Lilly Co Eli | Ruminant feed utilization improvement |
| US5451570A (en) * | 1990-07-27 | 1995-09-19 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Antibiotic, balhimycin, a process for its production and its use as pharmaceutical |
| IN171883B (zh) * | 1990-07-27 | 1993-01-30 | Hoechst India | |
| TW213468B (zh) * | 1991-06-29 | 1993-09-21 | Hoechst Ag | |
| DE4226102A1 (de) * | 1992-08-07 | 1994-02-10 | Hoechst Ag | Glycopeptid-Derivate, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
-
1995
- 1995-06-28 DE DE19523394A patent/DE19523394A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-05-10 CO CO96023606A patent/CO4750669A1/es unknown
- 1996-06-17 PL PL96314832A patent/PL314832A1/xx unknown
- 1996-06-24 EP EP96110137A patent/EP0750846A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-06-24 BG BG100673A patent/BG100673A/bg unknown
- 1996-06-26 SK SK841-96A patent/SK84196A3/sk unknown
- 1996-06-26 CZ CZ961882A patent/CZ188296A3/cs unknown
- 1996-06-26 AU AU56184/96A patent/AU5618496A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-06-26 CN CN96108585A patent/CN1139577A/zh active Pending
- 1996-06-26 IL IL11874296A patent/IL118742A0/xx unknown
- 1996-06-27 ZA ZA965455A patent/ZA965455B/xx unknown
- 1996-06-27 BR BR9602917A patent/BR9602917A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-06-27 CA CA002180079A patent/CA2180079A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-06-27 MX MX9602507A patent/MX9602507A/es unknown
- 1996-06-27 JP JP8167798A patent/JPH0977683A/ja active Pending
- 1996-06-27 HU HU9601781A patent/HUP9601781A3/hu unknown
- 1996-06-27 US US08/673,220 patent/US5719121A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-28 KR KR1019960026987A patent/KR970000241A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IL118742A0 (en) | 1996-10-16 |
| HUP9601781A3 (en) | 1998-03-02 |
| PL314832A1 (en) | 1997-01-06 |
| JPH0977683A (ja) | 1997-03-25 |
| AU5618496A (en) | 1997-01-09 |
| ZA965455B (en) | 1997-01-24 |
| CA2180079A1 (en) | 1996-12-29 |
| BR9602917A (pt) | 1998-04-22 |
| MX9602507A (es) | 1997-04-30 |
| DE19523394A1 (de) | 1997-01-09 |
| US5719121A (en) | 1998-02-17 |
| BG100673A (bg) | 1997-04-30 |
| EP0750846A1 (de) | 1997-01-02 |
| CZ188296A3 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
| HUP9601781A2 (en) | 1997-06-30 |
| CO4750669A1 (es) | 1999-03-31 |
| KR970000241A (ko) | 1997-01-21 |
| SK84196A3 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
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