CN113953513A - Preparation method and system of nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method and system of nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113953513A CN113953513A CN202111197833.8A CN202111197833A CN113953513A CN 113953513 A CN113953513 A CN 113953513A CN 202111197833 A CN202111197833 A CN 202111197833A CN 113953513 A CN113953513 A CN 113953513A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- composite material
- silicon carbide
- nano silicon
- reaction cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 189
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009704 powder extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 53
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000883966 Astrophytum capricorne Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000014364 Trapa natans Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material, which comprises an ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder, an ultrasonic disperser, a lifting and overturning clamping mechanism, a mixing reaction cylinder, a magnetic stirrer, a drying box, an industrial planetary ball mill, a gradient powder press, a vacuum furnace and a high-temperature furnace which are sequentially connected, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder is used for containing nano silicon carbide powder to be treated, the ultrasonic disperser is used for ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon carbide, the mixing reaction cylinder is used for mixing a suspension containing a silicon carbide reinforcement and a 2014A1 alloy suspension, the suspension containing the silicon carbide reinforcement in the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder is added into the mixing reaction cylinder through the lifting and overturning clamping mechanism, the magnetic stirrer is used for stirring liquid in the mixing reaction cylinder, the drying box is used for drying primarily mixed powder, and the industrial planetary ball mill is used for grinding composite material powder, the gradient powder press is used for extrusion forming of the nano silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder. The close combination of the SiC and the 2014A1 matrix is realized, and the elastic modulus, yield and tensile strength of the aluminum matrix are greatly improved without remarkably sacrificing the plasticity of the composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy composite materials, in particular to a method and a system for preparing a nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material.
Background
The silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite has the advantages of low density, high specific modulus, high specific strength, low expansion, high heat conductivity, good wear resistance, high damping, low cost and the like, and has wide application prospect in military and civil fields such as national defense, transportation, electronics and the like. The micron SiCp/Al composite material has the defects of high strength, obvious plasticity reduction and unsatisfactory high-temperature mechanical property, and becomes a bottleneck problem restricting the development of the composite material. In recent years, the problem that nano SiC is adopted as a reinforcement can be solved gradually, however, nano SiC particles have higher specific surface energy and are easy to agglomerate, so that the nano SiC particles are difficult to uniformly disperse in an aluminum matrix; the interface bonding between the nano SiC and the aluminum matrix is poor, and the reinforcing effect of the nano ceramic reinforcement is weakened.
In most cases, the uniform distribution of components is sought to ensure that each region of the material has the same performance, and the homogeneous aluminum-based composite material has many advantages, such as low density, high strength, wear resistance, good electrical and thermal conductivity and the like, and has been widely applied in many fields, such as aviation, aerospace, transportation and the like. However, in some specific environments, different parts of the material are often required to meet different performance requirements such as high temperature resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, for example, brake parts of high-speed trains, automobiles, marine ships and the like in transportation only have high requirements on wear resistance or corrosion resistance by a surface friction layer, and toughness and thermal conductivity of the metal need to be maintained below the surface layer. The functionally graded material can well solve the problems. However, most of the additive phases adopted in the existing gradient composite materials are generally in the micron-scale field, and the progress of preparing the functionally gradient aluminum-based composite material by adding the nano ceramic particles is rarely reported.
In addition, the production of the nano-sized particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is still in a starting stage, and the existing production line of the nano-sized particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material has low automation degree, low capacity and low production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material comprises the following steps:
step one, solvent-assisted dispersion:
1) weighing nano silicon carbide powder with corresponding mass according to a preset volume, pouring the nano silicon carbide powder into an ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder filled with absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 60min, meanwhile, placing 2014A1 alloy powder with corresponding mass into a mixed reaction cylinder filled with absolute ethyl alcohol, and performing electromagnetic stirring on 2014A1 alloy suspension through magnetic stirring; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
M2＝M-M1
wherein, M, M1And M2Respectively representing the total weight of the powder, the mass of the nano silicon carbide powder and the mass of the 2014A1 alloy powder rho1And ρ2The density of the nano silicon carbide powder and the density of the 2014A1 alloy powder, V1And V2Respectively the volume of the nano silicon carbide powder and the volume of the 2014A1 alloy powder;
2) adding the suspension containing the silicon carbide reinforcement in the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder into a mixed reaction cylinder containing 2014A1 alloy suspension under magnetic stirring, continuously stirring for 30min by a magnetic stirrer after the addition is finished, and standing and settling;
3) after the solution is clarified, pouring out partial clear liquid, and drying in a drying oven at 70 ℃ to obtain primarily mixed powder;
step two, mechanical ball milling:
placing the composite material powder into an industrial planetary ball mill for mechanical ball milling, and adding 1.0 wt% of stearic acid in the process;
step three, powder metallurgy through a gradient powder press:
respectively preparing the nano silicon carbide with the volume V according to the method of the step one and the step two1aAnd V1bThe nanometer silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder is prepared by paving a layer of V on the bottom layer of a forming cavity through a primary powder feeding hopper1aCold pressing the SiC/2014A1 composite material powder at 140MPa for 2min by using an upper pressure head, removing the upper pressure head, and paving a second layer V into the forming cavity by using a secondary powder hopper1bAnd (3) keeping the pressure of the SiC/2014A1 composite material powder for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely put in and subjected to cold pressing to form a blank.
Preferably, the layered blank is transferred to a vacuum furnace to be heated to 520 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 50min, then hot-pressing sintering is carried out for 10min under the pressure of 140MPa, and the temperature is naturally reduced.
Preferably, the cooled gradient composite material is subjected to cold water quenching in a high-temperature furnace after temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃, the solid solution temperature is 502 ℃, the treatment time is 2 h.
Preferably, the nano silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder with the nano silicon carbide volume of 1% and 3% is prepared according to the first step and the second step, respectively, a layer of 1 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder is paved on the bottom layer of the die, a pressure head is used for cold pressing for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa, the pressure head is removed, a second layer of 3 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder is paved, and the pressure is maintained for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely placed and cold pressed into a blank.
Preferably, the nano silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder with the nano silicon carbide volume of 3% and 5% is prepared according to the first step and the second step, respectively, a layer of 3 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder is paved on the bottom layer of the die, a pressure head is used for cold pressing for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa, the pressure head is removed, a second layer of 5 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder is paved, and the pressure is maintained for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely placed and cold pressed into a blank.
Preferably, the nano silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder with the nano silicon carbide volume of 5% and 7% is prepared according to the first step and the second step, respectively, a layer of 5 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder is paved on the bottom layer of the die, a pressure head is used for cold pressing for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa, the pressure head is removed, a second layer of 7 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder is paved, and the pressure is maintained for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely placed and cold pressed into a blank.
The invention also relates to a preparation system of the nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material, which is applied to the preparation method of the nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material, and the preparation system comprises: consecutive ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder, ultrasonic dispersion appearance, lift upset fixture, mixed reaction cylinder, magnetic stirrers, stoving case, industry planet ball mill, gradient powder press, vacuum furnace and high temperature furnace, ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder is used for holding pending nanometer carborundum powder, ultrasonic dispersion appearance is used for ultrasonic dispersion nanometer carborundum, mixed reaction cylinder is used for mixing the turbid liquid that contains the carborundum reinforcement and 2014A1 alloy turbid liquid, lift upset fixture is used for the centre gripping ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder to add the turbid liquid that contains the carborundum reinforcement in it to mixed reaction cylinder, magnetic stirrers is used for stirring mixed reaction cylinder internal liquid, the stoving case is used for drying the powder of preliminary mixing, industry planet ball mill is used for grinding the composite powder, gradient powder press is used for nanometer carborundum/2014 Al composite powder extrusion molding, the vacuum furnace is used for sintering the blank, and the high-temperature furnace is used for carrying out aging treatment on the blank.
Preferably, the lifting, overturning and clamping mechanism comprises a base, a portal frame installed on the base, a lifting mechanism installed on the portal frame, an overturning mechanism installed on the lifting mechanism and a clamping jaw mechanism installed on the overturning mechanism.
Preferably, the portal frame comprises two upright columns and a beam for connecting the two upright columns, wherein one upright column is fixedly provided with a rack; the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting seat and a lifting motor seat fixedly arranged on the lifting seat, the lifting motor seat is provided with a lifting motor, the output end of the lifting motor is connected with a gear, and the gear is meshed with the rack; the portal frame still includes the guide post that extends to the crossbeam from the base up end, elevating system is still including installing guide block on the lift seat, seted up on the guide block with guide post assorted through-hole.
Preferably, the lifting seat is in an E shape in plan view and comprises a body part, and a first extension part, a second extension part and a third extension part which are integrally formed, wherein the lifting motor seat is fixedly installed at the outer side of the first extension part, the rack is located between the first extension part and the second extension part, and the output end of the lifting motor penetrates through the first extension part and is connected with the gear; the two guide posts and the two guide blocks are arranged, and the two guide blocks are respectively arranged on the second extension part and the third extension part; the clamping jaw mechanism comprises a pair of moving plates and a pair of clamping jaws, the moving plates are arranged at two ends of the overturning seat respectively and driven by electric telescopic rods located in the overturning seat, and the clamping jaws are arranged on the moving plates respectively.
Preferably, the stoving case includes the box, and the front end upper side of box is provided with control panel, and the front end of box just is located the control panel downside and installs the chamber door, and the inside slidable mounting of box has the board of placing, place the board and be used for supporting mixed reaction section of thick bamboo, and front end fixed mounting has the handle, one side fixed surface of chamber door installs fire-retardant layer.
Preferably, industry planet ball mill includes frame and fixed mounting at the inside positioning gear of frame, the top of frame is provided with rotatable master, the bottom central point of master puts fixed mounting of department has the master axle, just the positioning gear cover is established master axle periphery, the top of master is provided with four relative master pivoted mill jar trays, the bottom fixed mounting who grinds jar tray has the jar axle of grinding, the epaxial fixed mounting of jar has driven gear, driven gear with rotationally be provided with middle planet wheel between the positioning gear, and middle planet wheel is connected with driven gear, positioning gear transmission respectively, master hub connection power supply.
The industrial planetary ball mill further comprises a housing fixedly installed on the upper end face of the stand, the top end outer surface of the stand comprises a working area, a motor box is fixedly installed on one side of the working area, a flip cover is arranged above the working area and hinged with the housing, the main disc is arranged at the top end of the working area, a driven duplex belt pulley is fixedly installed at the bottom of the main disc shaft through a key connection, a pair of grinding tank baffles are fixedly arranged on the grinding tank tray, a ball milling tank is arranged inside the grinding tank baffles, a pressing block installation beam is arranged between the pair of grinding tank baffles, a pressing block capable of moving up and down relative to the pressing block installation beam is arranged on the pressing block installation beam, a motor is fixedly installed inside the motor box, a driving duplex belt pulley is arranged at the output end of the motor, and the driving duplex belt pulley is in transmission connection with the driven duplex belt pulley through a belt, and supporting legs are fixedly arranged at the corners of the bottom end of the machine base.
Preferably, the positioning gear comprises a cylinder, a driving gear integrally formed at the upper end of the cylinder and a mounting disc integrally formed at the lower end of the cylinder, and the mounting disc is fixedly mounted on the bottom end face of the base through a fastener; the main shaft top-down of dish is including the fixed disk, positioning gear cooperation section and the band pulley cooperation section that connect gradually, the fixed disk passes through fastener fixed mounting on the main dish, positioning gear cooperation section is installed through the deep groove ball bearing of taking the shield on two sides relatively rotatoryly in the positioning gear, band pulley cooperation section passes through the key-type connection and driven pair belt pulley fixed connection, driven pair belt pulley bottom still is provided with the clamping ring.
Preferably, the grinding tank shaft is rotatably connected with the main disc through a bearing, an intermediate planetary gear is arranged between the driven gear and the driving gear, the intermediate planetary gear is fixedly mounted on an intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft is rotatably mounted on the main disc, the driving gear is meshed with the intermediate planetary gear, and the intermediate planetary gear is meshed with the driven gear.
Preferably, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the grinding tank baffle plate in the vertical direction, the pressing block mounting beam comprises a body and cantilevers integrally arranged at two ends of the body, a limiting protrusion and wedge-shaped rubber blocks are arranged at the end part of each cantilever, and the wedge-shaped rubber blocks are located on the inner side of the limiting protrusion and are arranged at intervals; the body threaded connection has the screw rod, screw rod lower extreme fixed mounting the briquetting, the screw rod upper end is provided with adjusts goat's horn nut and locks goat's horn nut.
Preferably, the gradient powder press comprises a die base and an upper press head, wherein a forming cavity is formed in the upper end face of the die base, a bottom plate capable of sliding relative to the forming cavity is arranged on the bottom surface of the forming cavity, a blank lifting oil cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate, and a hydraulic rod of the blank lifting oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom plate; the gradient powder press further comprises a primary powder feeding hopper and a secondary powder feeding hopper which are matched with the forming cavity in size, the primary powder feeding hopper and the secondary powder feeding hopper are slidably arranged on the upper end face of the die seat, the sliding directions of the primary powder feeding hopper and the secondary powder feeding hopper are crossed and vertical to the forming cavity, and the blank conveying mechanism is arranged in the sliding direction of the primary powder feeding hopper.
Preferably, the upper pressure head is arranged above the forming cavity, and a primary powder cavity is arranged in the primary powder feeding hopper and is communicated with the quantitative powder feeding pipe I; a secondary powder cavity is arranged in the secondary powder feeding hopper and is communicated with the quantitative powder feeding pipe II; the primary powder feeding hopper is connected with the primary feeding oil cylinder, and the secondary powder feeding hopper is connected with the secondary feeding oil cylinder.
Preferably, the control process of the gradient powder press is as follows:
A) starting a primary feeding oil cylinder, moving a primary powder feeding hopper to the upper part of a forming cavity, and paving a first layer of composite material powder on the bottom layer of the forming cavity;
B) moving the primary powder feeding hopper to the original position, quantitatively feeding materials into the primary powder cavity by a quantitative powder feeding pipe, and pressing an upper pressure head downwards;
C) after the first layer of composite material powder is extruded and formed, the upper pressure head is retracted;
D) starting a secondary feeding oil cylinder, moving a secondary powder feeding hopper to the upper part of a forming cavity, and paving a second layer of composite material powder into the forming cavity;
E) moving the secondary powder feeding hopper to the original position, quantitatively feeding materials into the secondary powder cavity by the quantitative powder feeding pipe, and pressing an upper pressure head downwards;
F) after the second layer of composite material powder is extruded and formed, the upper pressure head is withdrawn;
G) starting the blank lifting oil cylinder, and ejecting the layered blank out of the forming cavity by the bottom plate;
H) and (C) repeating the steps A-G, wherein in the step A, the primary feeding oil cylinder is started, the primary powder feeding hopper is moved to the upper part of the forming cavity, in the process that the primary powder feeding hopper moves to the upper part of the forming cavity, the primary powder feeding hopper pushes the layered blank to the blank conveying mechanism, and the blank lifting oil cylinder drives the bottom plate to descend.
After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a new method of solvent-assisted mechanical ball milling to improve the distribution uniformity of nano SiC ceramic particles in a 2014A1 matrix, obtain a clean and well-combined interface, and obviously inhibit brittle phase Al through lower preparation temperature and shorter heating time (sintering temperature 520 ℃ and heat preservation for 50min)4C3The close combination of the SiC and the 2014A1 matrix is realized, and the elastic modulus, yield and tensile strength of the aluminum matrix are greatly improved without remarkably sacrificing the plasticity of the composite material. A two-layer gradient composite with an outer layer of 3 vol.% SiC/2014a1 composite and an inner layer of 1 vol.% SiC/2014a1 alloy is a preferred structural design that combines good properties of wear and corrosion resistance.
The lifting overturning clamping mechanism is arranged, the lifting mechanism descends to enable the stirring shaft of the ultrasonic disperser to be separated from the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder, the interference between the stirring shaft and the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder during overturning is avoided, then, under the action of the overturning mechanism, turbid liquid containing silicon carbide reinforcement in the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder is added into the mixing reaction cylinder, and the clamping jaw mechanism is used for always clamping the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder under the action of the electric telescopic rod, so that the mechanical degree is high, and the capacity can be improved.
The output end of the motor drives the main disc shaft to rotate relative to the positioning gear through belt transmission, the main disc shaft further drives the main disc to rotate relative to the machine base, and the ball milling pot on the milling pot tray revolves accordingly; the positioning gear is fixed in the machine base and does not move relatively, namely the driving gear does not rotate, the main disc rotates to drive the intermediate shaft to revolve, and under the meshing action of the intermediate planetary gear and the driving gear, the intermediate shaft rotates to further drive the grinding pot shaft to rotate, and finally the grinding pot on the grinding pot tray is driven to rotate. The ball milling tank on the milling tank tray performs revolution and rotation, so that the primarily mixed powder is ground more fully; through setting up jackshaft and middle planet wheel, can effectively increase the size of jar tray of grinding to improve the volume of once grinding, be favorable to improving the productivity.
Through being provided with spacing arch and wedge rubber piece at cantilever tip, spacing arch and wedge rubber piece mutually support for briquetting installation roof beam passes through mounting hole detachably and installs between a pair of jar baffles, and the installation is firm, makes the ball mill can be according to the mounted position of operating condition adjustment briquetting installation roof beam, and is comparatively nimble.
The method comprises the steps that a gradient powder press is arranged, a primary feeding oil cylinder is started, a primary powder feeding hopper is moved to the position above a forming cavity, and a first layer of composite material powder is laid on the bottom layer of the forming cavity; moving the primary powder feeding hopper to the original position, quantitatively feeding materials into the primary powder cavity by a quantitative powder feeding pipe, and pressing an upper pressure head downwards; after the first layer of composite material powder is extruded and formed, the upper pressure head is retracted; starting a secondary feeding oil cylinder, moving a secondary powder feeding hopper to the upper part of a forming cavity, and paving a second layer of composite material powder into the forming cavity; moving the secondary powder feeding hopper to the original position, quantitatively feeding materials into the secondary powder cavity by the quantitative powder feeding pipe, and pressing an upper pressure head downwards; after the second layer of composite material powder is extruded and formed, the upper pressure head is withdrawn; starting the blank lifting oil cylinder, and ejecting the layered blank out of the forming cavity by the bottom plate; and starting the primary feeding oil cylinder again, moving the primary powder feeding hopper to the upper part of the forming cavity, and in the process that the primary powder feeding hopper moves to the upper part of the forming cavity, the primary powder feeding hopper pushes the layered blank to the blank conveying mechanism, and the blank lifting oil cylinder drives the bottom plate to descend. Can efficiently prepare the nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material, saves energy and has high production efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system for preparing a silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural view of a lifting and turning clamping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a gantry of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the construction of the elevating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a driving diagram of the elevating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural view of the turnover mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a view of the jaw mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an overall view of the drying box according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an overall structure view of an industrial planetary ball mill according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a transmission diagram of an output shaft of a motor of the industrial planetary ball mill of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the installation of the positioning gear of the industrial planetary ball mill of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a view showing the construction of the main hub of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is an exploded view of the main disc shaft drive system of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the grinding cup spindle drive system of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a view angle two structural view of the grinding cup shaft transmission system of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a ball milling jar installation of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a view showing an installation structure of a compact installation beam according to the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic top view of a gradient powder press according to the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 18 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 18 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the operation of the gradient powder press of the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a flow chart of the preparation of the nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a system for preparing a silicon carbide nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material includes an ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1, an ultrasonic disperser 2, a lifting and overturning clamping mechanism 3, a mixing reaction cylinder 4, a magnetic stirrer 5, a drying oven 6, an industrial planetary ball mill 7, a gradient powder press 8, a vacuum furnace 9 and a high temperature furnace 10, which are connected in sequence, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1 is used for containing nano silicon carbide powder to be treated, the ultrasonic disperser 2 is used for ultrasonically dispersing nano silicon carbide, the mixing reaction cylinder 4 is used for mixing a suspension containing silicon carbide reinforcement and a 2014a1 alloy suspension, the lifting and overturning clamping mechanism 3 is used for clamping the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1 and adding the suspension containing silicon carbide reinforcement into the mixing reaction cylinder 4, the magnetic stirrer 5 is used for stirring liquid in the mixing reaction cylinder 4, drying box 6 is used for drying the powder of preliminary mixing, industry planet ball mill 7 is used for grinding the combined material powder, gradient powder press 8 is used for nanometer carborundum/2014 Al combined material powder extrusion forming blank, vacuum furnace 9 is used for sintering the blank, high temperature furnace 10 is used for carrying out ageing treatment to the blank.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 to 7, the lifting and overturning clamping mechanism 3 includes a base 31, a gantry 32 installed on the base 31, a lifting mechanism 33 installed on the gantry 32, an overturning mechanism 34 installed on the lifting mechanism 33, and a clamping jaw mechanism 35 installed on the overturning mechanism 34; the portal frame 32 comprises two upright columns 321 and a beam 322 connecting the two upright columns 321, wherein one upright column 321 is fixedly provided with a rack 323; the lifting mechanism 33 comprises a lifting seat 331 and a lifting motor seat 332 fixedly installed on the lifting seat 331, the lifting motor seat 332 is provided with a lifting motor 333, the output end of the lifting motor 333 is connected with a gear 334, and the gear 334 is meshed with the rack 323.
Further, the gantry 32 further includes a guide post 324 extending from the upper end surface of the base 31 to the cross beam 322, the lifting mechanism 33 further includes a guide block 335 mounted on the lifting base 331, and a through hole 3351 matched with the guide post 324 is formed in the guide block 335.
Further, the lifting base 331 is in an "E" shape in plan view, and includes a body portion 3311, and a first extension portion 3312, a second extension portion 3313, and a third extension portion 3314 which are integrally formed, wherein the lifting motor base 332 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the first extension portion 3312, the rack 323 is located between the first extension portion 3312 and the second extension portion 3313, and an output end of the lifting motor 333 penetrates through the first extension portion 3312 and is connected to the gear 334.
Further, two guide posts 324 and two guide blocks 335 are provided, and the two guide blocks 335 are respectively mounted on the second extension portion 3313 and the third extension portion 3314.
Further, the turnover mechanism 34 includes a turnover seat 341, a turnover plate 342, a turnover motor seat 343, a bearing seat 344 and a turnover motor 345, the turnover motor seat 343 and the bearing seat 344 are both installed on the lifting seat 331, the turnover motor 345 is installed on the turnover motor seat 343, a bearing is arranged inside the bearing seat 344, an output shaft of the turnover motor 345 sequentially penetrates through the lifting seat 331 and the bearing seat 344, the end of the output shaft is fixedly installed with the turnover plate 342, and the turnover seat 341 is fixedly installed on the turnover plate 342.
Further, the flip motor base 343 is installed between the second extension 3313 and the third extension 3314.
Further, the clamping jaw mechanism 35 includes a pair of moving plates 352 and a pair of clamping jaws 351, the pair of moving plates 352 are respectively disposed at two ends of the turning base 341 and are driven by electric telescopic rods located inside the turning base 341, and the pair of clamping jaws 351 are respectively mounted on the pair of moving plates 352.
The use principle of the lifting and overturning clamping mechanism 3 is as follows:
after the nano silicon carbide powder is subjected to ultrasonic dispersion, the lifting motor 333 is started, and the lifting seat 331, the turnover mechanism 34 and the clamping jaw mechanism 35 are driven to integrally descend under the meshing action of the gear 334 and the rack 323, so that the stirring shaft of the ultrasonic disperser 2 is separated from the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1; starting a turnover motor 345, driving a turnover seat 341 and a clamping jaw mechanism 35 to turn over through a turnover disc 342, and adding the suspension containing the silicon carbide reinforcement in the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1 into the mixing reaction cylinder 4; the clamping jaw mechanism 35 always clamps the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1 under the action of the electric telescopic rod. The ultrasonic dispersion reaction device is provided with the lifting and overturning clamping mechanism 3, the stirring shaft of the ultrasonic dispersion instrument 2 is separated from the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1 through descending of the lifting mechanism, interference between the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1 and the stirring shaft during overturning is avoided, then suspension containing silicon carbide reinforcement in the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1 is added into the mixing reaction cylinder 4 under the action of the overturning mechanism, the clamping jaw mechanism 35 is used for always clamping the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1 under the action of the electric telescopic rod, the mechanization degree is high, and the productivity can be improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 8, the drying box 6 includes a box body 61, a control panel 62 is disposed on the upper side of the front end of the box body 61, a box door 63 is disposed on the front end of the box body 61 and located below the control panel 62, a placing plate 64 is slidably mounted inside the box body 61, the placing plate 64 is used for supporting the mixing reaction cylinder 4, a handle 65 is fixedly mounted on the front end, and a flame retardant layer 66 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one side of the box door 63.
Further, as shown in fig. 9 to 17, the industrial planetary ball mill 7 includes a base 71 and a housing 72 fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the base 71, the top end outer surface of the base 71 includes a working area 711, one side of the working area 711 is fixedly mounted with a motor box 73, a flip 74 is disposed above the working area 711, the flip 74 is hinged to the housing 72, the top end of the working area 711 is provided with a rotatable main plate 75, a main plate shaft 76 is fixedly mounted at the bottom center position of the main plate 75, a driven duplex belt pulley 77 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the main plate shaft 76 through a key connection, four milling tank trays 78 capable of rotating relative to the main plate 75 are disposed at the top end of the main plate 75, a pair of milling tank baffles 79 are fixedly disposed on the milling tank trays 78, a ball milling tank (not shown) is disposed inside the milling tank baffles 79, a pressing block mounting beam 710 is disposed between the pair of milling tank baffles 79, be provided with briquetting 712 that can reciprocate relatively briquetting installation roof beam 710 on the briquetting installation roof beam 710, the inside fixed mounting of motor case 73 has the motor, and the output of motor is provided with initiative pair belt pulley 713, and initiative pair belt pulley 713 passes through the belt and is connected with driven pair belt pulley 77 transmission, and the bottom edge fixed mounting of frame 71 has supporting leg 714, the bottom fixed mounting of milling jar tray 78 has milling jar axle 715, just main disc axle 76 transmission connection milling jar axle 715.
Further, the supporting legs 714 are provided with four, the supporting legs 714 are provided with corners of the bottom end of the base 71, the size and the specification and the size of the supporting legs 714 are the same, the weight of the equipment can be uniformly dispersed, and the contact friction force between the equipment and the ground when the equipment is used is improved.
Further, the industrial planetary ball mill 7 further comprises a positioning gear 716 fixedly mounted inside the base 71, wherein the positioning gear 716 comprises a cylinder 717, a driving gear 718 integrally formed at the upper end of the cylinder 717, and a mounting disc 719 integrally formed at the lower end of the cylinder 717, and the mounting disc 719 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end face of the base 71 through a fastener 720; the main disc shaft 76 comprises a fixed disc 721, a positioning gear matching section 722 and a belt wheel matching section 723 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the fixed disc 721 is fixedly mounted on the main disc 75 through a fastener 724, the positioning gear matching section 722 is relatively rotatably mounted in the positioning gear 716 through a deep groove ball bearing 725 with dust covers on two sides, the belt wheel matching section 723 is fixedly connected with a driven duplex belt pulley 77 through key connection, and a pressing ring 726 is further arranged at the bottom of the driven duplex belt pulley 77. The output end of the motor drives the main disc shaft 76 to rotate relative to the positioning gear 716 through belt transmission, and the main disc shaft 76 further drives the main disc 75 to rotate relative to the machine base 71, so that the ball milling pots on the pot milling tray 78 revolve.
Further, the grinding tank shaft 715 is rotatably connected with the main disc 75 through a bearing, a driven gear 727 is fixedly mounted on the grinding tank shaft 715, an intermediate planetary gear 728 is arranged between the driven gear 727 and the driving gear 718, the intermediate planetary gear 728 is fixedly mounted on an intermediate shaft 729, the intermediate shaft 729 is rotatably mounted on the main disc 75, the driving gear 718 is engaged with the intermediate planetary gear 728, and the intermediate planetary gear 728 is engaged with the driven gear 727. The positioning gear 716 is fixed in the machine base 71 and does not move relatively, namely the driving gear 718 does not rotate, the main disc 75 rotates to drive the intermediate shaft 729 to revolve, and under the meshing action of the intermediate planet gear 728 and the driving gear 718, the intermediate shaft 729 rotates to drive the milling pot shaft 715 to rotate, and finally the milling pot on the milling pot tray 78 is driven to rotate. The ball milling pot on the milling pot tray 78 revolves and rotates, so that the primarily mixed powder is ground more fully; through setting up jackshaft 729 and middle planet wheel 728, can effectively increase the size of jar tray 78 that grinds to improve the volume of once grinding, be favorable to improving the productivity.
Further, a plurality of mounting holes 730 are arranged on the grinding can baffle 79 along the vertical direction, the number of the mounting holes 730 is three in the embodiment, the pressing block mounting beam 710 comprises a body 731 and cantilevers 732 integrally arranged at two ends of the body 731, a limiting protrusion 733 and a wedge-shaped rubber block 734 are arranged at the end part of each cantilever 732, and the wedge-shaped rubber blocks 734 are located on the inner side of the limiting protrusion 733 and are arranged at intervals. Through being provided with spacing arch 733 and wedge rubber block 734 at cantilever 732 tip, spacing arch 733 and wedge rubber block 734 mutually support for briquetting installation roof beam 710 passes through mounting hole 730 detachably and installs between a pair of jar of mill baffle 79, and the installation is firm, makes the ball mill can adjust the mounted position of briquetting installation roof beam 710 according to operating condition, and is comparatively nimble.
Further, body 731 threaded connection has a screw 735, screw 735 lower extreme fixed mounting briquetting 712, the screw 735 upper end is provided with regulation goat's horn nut 736 and locking goat's horn nut 737. Adjust goat's horn nut 736 through revolving and drive briquetting 712 and compress tightly the ball-milling jar, it is not hard up in the use to prevent through locking goat's horn nut 737.
Further, as shown in fig. 18 to 20, the gradient powder press 8 includes a die base 81 and an upper ram 82, a forming cavity 83 is formed on an upper end surface of the die base 81, the upper ram 82 is disposed above the forming cavity 83, a bottom plate 84 capable of sliding relative to the forming cavity 83 is disposed on a bottom surface of the forming cavity 83, a blank lifting cylinder 85 is disposed at a lower end of the bottom plate 84, and a hydraulic rod of the blank lifting cylinder 85 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 84; the gradient powder press 8 further comprises a primary powder hopper 86 and a secondary powder hopper 87 which are matched with the forming cavity 83 in size, the primary powder hopper 86 and the secondary powder hopper 87 are slidably arranged on the upper end face of the die seat 81, the sliding directions of the primary powder hopper 86 and the secondary powder hopper 87 are crossed and vertical at the forming cavity 83, and the blank conveying mechanism is arranged in the sliding direction of the primary powder hopper 86.
Further, a primary powder cavity 861 is arranged in the primary powder feeding hopper 86 and is communicated with the first quantitative powder feeding pipe 862; and a secondary powder cavity 871 is arranged in the secondary powder hopper 87 and is communicated with the second quantitative powder feeding pipe 872.
Further, the primary powder hopper 86 is connected with a primary feeding cylinder 863, and the secondary powder hopper 87 is connected with a secondary feeding cylinder 873.
The working steps of the gradient powder press 8 are as follows:
A) starting the primary feeding cylinder 863, moving the primary powder feeding hopper 86 to the upper part of the forming cavity 83, and paving a first layer of composite material powder on the bottom layer of the forming cavity 83, as shown in fig. 21 a;
B) moving the primary powder feeding hopper 86 to the original position, feeding the material into the primary powder cavity 861 by the quantitative powder feeding pipe I862 while pressing the upper pressing head 82 downwards, see fig. 21 b;
C) after the first layer of composite powder is extruded, the upper ram 82 is retracted, see FIG. 21 c;
D) starting the secondary feeding oil cylinder 873, moving the secondary powder feeding hopper 87 to the upper part of the forming cavity 83, and paving the second layer of composite material powder into the forming cavity 83, as shown in fig. 21 d;
E) moving the secondary powder hopper 87 to the original position, feeding the material into the secondary powder cavity 871 by the second quantitative powder feeding pipe 872, and pressing the upper pressure head 82 downwards at the same time, see fig. 21 e;
F) after the second layer of composite powder is extruded, the upper ram 82 is retracted, see FIG. 21 f;
G) starting the blank lifting cylinder 85 and the bottom plate 84 to eject the layered blank out of the forming cavity 83, see fig. 21 g;
H) repeating the above steps a-G, in the step a, starting the primary feeding cylinder 863, moving the primary powder hopper 86 to the upper side of the forming cavity 83, and in the process that the primary powder hopper 86 moves to the upper side of the forming cavity 83, the primary powder hopper 86 pushes the layered blank to the blank conveying mechanism, and the blank lifting cylinder 85 drives the bottom plate 84 to descend, see fig. 21a 1.
The gradient powder press 8 of the invention can efficiently prepare the nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material, saves energy and has high production efficiency.
As shown in fig. 22, the present invention further relates to a method for preparing a nano silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material, which is performed by using the system for preparing a nano silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material, and comprises the following steps:
step one, solvent-assisted dispersion:
1) weighing nano silicon carbide powder with corresponding mass according to a preset volume fraction, pouring the nano silicon carbide powder into an ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1 filled with absolute ethyl alcohol, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 60min, meanwhile, placing 2014A1 alloy powder with corresponding mass into a mixing reaction cylinder 4 filled with absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out electromagnetic stirring on 2014A1 alloy suspension through a magnetic stirrer 5; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
M2＝M-M1
wherein, M, M1And M2Respectively representing the total weight of the powder, the mass of the nano silicon carbide powder and the mass of the 2014A1 alloy powder rho1And ρ2The density of the nano silicon carbide powder and the density of the 2014A1 alloy powder, V1And V2Respectively the volume of the nano silicon carbide powder and the volume of the 2014A1 alloy powder;
2) then adding the suspension containing the silicon carbide reinforcement in the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder 1 into a mixed reaction cylinder 4 containing 2014A1 alloy suspension under magnetic stirring, continuously stirring for 30min through a magnetic stirrer 5 after the addition is finished, and standing and settling;
3) after the solution is clarified, pouring out partial clear liquid, and drying in a 70-DEG drying box 6 to obtain primarily mixed powder;
step two, mechanical ball milling:
placing the composite material powder in an industrial planetary ball mill 7 for mechanical ball milling, and adding 1.0 wt% of stearic acid in the process;
step three, powder metallurgy by a gradient powder press 8:
1) respectively preparing the volume fraction V of the nano silicon carbide according to the first step and the second step1aAnd V1bThe nanometer silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder is formed by paving a layer of V on the bottom layer of the forming cavity 83 through a primary powder feeding hopper 861aThe SiC/2014A1 composite powder is cold pressed for 2min at 140MPa pressure by an upper pressure head 82, the upper pressure head 82 is removed, and a second layer V is paved into the forming cavity 83 through a secondary powder hopper 871bKeeping the pressure of the SiC/2014A1 composite material powder for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely put in and cold-pressed into a blank,
wherein V is more than or equal to 01a＜V1b≤7％，V1b-V1a＝2；
2) Then transferring the layered blank into a vacuum furnace 9 to heat to 520 ℃, preserving heat for 50min, then carrying out hot-pressing sintering at 140MPa pressure for 10min, and naturally cooling;
3) and (3) carrying out cold water quenching on the cooled gradient composite material in a high-temperature furnace 10 at the temperature control precision of +/-1 ℃, the solid solution temperature of 502 ℃ and the treatment time of 2 h.
The following specific examples are given to illustrate the preparation of the present invention:
example 1:
step one, solvent-assisted dispersion:
1) weighing nano silicon carbide powder with corresponding mass according to a preset volume, pouring the nano silicon carbide powder into a container filled with absolute ethyl alcohol, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 60min, meanwhile, placing 2014A1 alloy powder with corresponding mass into the container filled with absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out electromagnetic stirring on 2014A1 alloy suspension;
2) then adding the suspension containing the silicon carbide reinforcement into a container containing 2014A1 alloy suspension under magnetic stirring, continuously carrying out magnetic stirring for 30min after the addition is finished, and standing and settling;
3) after the solution is clarified, pouring out partial clear liquid and drying to obtain preliminarily mixed powder;
step two, mechanical ball milling:
mechanically ball-milling the composite material powder, and adding 1.0 wt% of stearic acid in the process;
step three, powder metallurgy:
respectively preparing nano silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder with the nano silicon carbide volume of 1% and 3% according to the first step and the second step, paving a layer of 1 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder on the bottom layer of the die, cold-pressing for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa by using a pressure head, removing the pressure head, paving a second layer of 3 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder, and keeping the pressure for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until the two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely placed and cold-pressed into a blank.
Example 2:
the procedure was as in example 1;
the second step is the same as the example 1;
step three, powder metallurgy:
preparing nano silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder with the nano silicon carbide volume of 3% and 5% respectively according to the first step and the second step, paving a layer of 3 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder on the bottom layer of the die, cold-pressing for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa by using a pressure head, removing the pressure head, paving a second layer of 5 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder, and keeping the pressure for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until the two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely placed and cold-pressed into a blank.
Example 3:
the procedure was as in example 1;
the second step is the same as the example 1;
step three, powder metallurgy:
preparing nano silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder with the nano silicon carbide volume of 5% and 7% respectively according to the first step and the second step, paving a layer of 5 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder on the bottom layer of the die, cold-pressing for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa by using a pressure head, removing the pressure head, paving a second layer of 7 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder, and keeping the pressure for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until the two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely placed and cold-pressed into a blank.
The foregoing is illustrative of the best mode of the invention and details not described herein are within the common general knowledge of a person of ordinary skill in the art. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any equivalent modifications based on the technical teaching of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, solvent-assisted dispersion:
1) weighing nano silicon carbide powder with corresponding mass according to a preset volume, pouring the nano silicon carbide powder into an ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder filled with absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 60min, meanwhile, placing 2014A1 alloy powder with corresponding mass into a mixed reaction cylinder filled with absolute ethyl alcohol, and performing electromagnetic stirring on 2014A1 alloy suspension through magnetic stirring; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
M2＝M-M1
wherein, M, M1And M2Respectively representing the total weight of the powder, the mass of the nano silicon carbide powder and the mass of the 2014A1 alloy powder rho1And ρ2The density of the nano silicon carbide powder and the density of the 2014A1 alloy powder, V1And V2Respectively the volume of the nano silicon carbide powder and the volume of the 2014A1 alloy powder;
2) adding the suspension containing the silicon carbide reinforcement in the ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder into a mixed reaction cylinder containing 2014A1 alloy suspension under magnetic stirring, continuously stirring for 30min by a magnetic stirrer after the addition is finished, and standing and settling;
3) after the solution is clarified, pouring out partial clear liquid, and drying in a drying oven at 70 ℃ to obtain primarily mixed powder;
step two, mechanical ball milling:
placing the composite material powder into an industrial planetary ball mill for mechanical ball milling, and adding 1.0 wt% of stearic acid in the process;
step three, powder metallurgy through a gradient powder press:
respectively preparing the nano silicon carbide with the volume V according to the method of the step one and the step two1aAnd V1bThe nanometer silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder is prepared by paving a layer of V on the bottom layer of a forming cavity through a primary powder feeding hopper1aCold pressing the SiC/2014A1 composite material powder at 140MPa for 2min by using an upper pressure head, removing the upper pressure head, and paving a second layer V into the forming cavity by using a secondary powder hopper1bAnd (3) keeping the pressure of the SiC/2014A1 composite material powder for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely put in and subjected to cold pressing to form a blank.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material comprises: transferring the layered blank to a vacuum furnace, heating to 520 ℃, preserving heat for 50min, then hot-pressing and sintering at 140MPa for 10min, and naturally cooling.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material comprises: and (3) carrying out cold water quenching on the cooled gradient composite material in a high-temperature furnace, wherein the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃, the solid solution temperature is 502 ℃, the treatment time is 2h, and the solid solution is carried out.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material comprises: respectively preparing nano silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder with the nano silicon carbide volume of 1% and 3% according to the first step and the second step, paving a layer of 1 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder on the bottom layer of the die, cold-pressing for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa by using a pressure head, removing the pressure head, paving a second layer of 3 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder, and keeping the pressure for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until the two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely placed and cold-pressed into a blank.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material comprises: preparing nano silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder with the nano silicon carbide volume of 3% and 5% respectively according to the first step and the second step, paving a layer of 3 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder on the bottom layer of the die, cold-pressing for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa by using a pressure head, removing the pressure head, paving a second layer of 5 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder, and keeping the pressure for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until the two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely placed and cold-pressed into a blank.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material comprises: preparing nano silicon carbide/2014 Al composite material powder with the nano silicon carbide volume of 5% and 7% respectively according to the first step and the second step, paving a layer of 5 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder on the bottom layer of the die, cold-pressing for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa by using a pressure head, removing the pressure head, paving a second layer of 7 vol.% SiC/2014A1 composite material powder, and keeping the pressure for 2min under the pressure of 140MPa until the two layers of composite material powder with different SiC volume fractions are completely placed and cold-pressed into a blank.
7. A system for preparing a nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material is applied to the method for preparing the nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized in that: the preparation system comprises: consecutive ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder, ultrasonic dispersion appearance, lift upset fixture, mixed reaction cylinder, magnetic stirrers, stoving case, industry planet ball mill, gradient powder press, vacuum furnace and high temperature furnace, ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder is used for holding pending nanometer carborundum powder, ultrasonic dispersion appearance is used for ultrasonic dispersion nanometer carborundum, mixed reaction cylinder is used for mixing the turbid liquid that contains the carborundum reinforcement and 2014A1 alloy turbid liquid, lift upset fixture is used for the centre gripping ultrasonic dispersion reaction cylinder to add the turbid liquid that contains the carborundum reinforcement in it to mixed reaction cylinder, magnetic stirrers is used for stirring mixed reaction cylinder internal liquid, the stoving case is used for drying the powder of preliminary mixing, industry planet ball mill is used for grinding the composite powder, gradient powder press is used for nanometer carborundum/2014 Al composite powder extrusion molding, the vacuum furnace is used for sintering the blank, and the high-temperature furnace is used for carrying out aging treatment on the blank.
8. The system for preparing nano silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the lifting and overturning clamping mechanism comprises a base, a gantry mounted on the base, a lifting mechanism mounted on the gantry, an overturning mechanism mounted on the lifting mechanism, and a clamping jaw mechanism mounted on the overturning mechanism.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite comprises: industry planet ball mill includes frame and fixed mounting at the inside positioning gear of frame, the top of frame is provided with rotatable master, the bottom central point of master puts fixed mounting of department has the master axle, just the positioning gear cover is established master axle periphery, the top of master is provided with four relative master pivoted mill jar trays, the bottom fixed mounting who grinds jar tray has the mill jar axle, the epaxial fixed mounting of mill jar has driven gear, driven gear with rotatably be provided with middle planet wheel between the positioning gear, and middle planet wheel is connected with driven gear, positioning gear transmission respectively, master hub connection power supply.
10. The system of claim 7, wherein the silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced aluminum matrix gradient composite comprises: the gradient powder press comprises a die seat and an upper press head, wherein a forming cavity is formed in the upper end face of the die seat, a bottom plate capable of sliding relative to the forming cavity is arranged on the bottom surface of the forming cavity, a blank lifting oil cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate, and a hydraulic rod of the blank lifting oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom plate; the gradient powder press further comprises a primary powder feeding hopper and a secondary powder feeding hopper which are matched with the forming cavity in size, the primary powder feeding hopper and the secondary powder feeding hopper are slidably arranged on the upper end face of the die seat, the sliding directions of the primary powder feeding hopper and the secondary powder feeding hopper are crossed and vertical to the forming cavity, and the blank conveying mechanism is arranged in the sliding direction of the primary powder feeding hopper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111197833.8A CN113953513A (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-10-14 | Preparation method and system of nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111197833.8A CN113953513A (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-10-14 | Preparation method and system of nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113953513A true CN113953513A (en) | 2022-01-21 |
Family
ID=79464405
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111197833.8A Pending CN113953513A (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-10-14 | Preparation method and system of nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113953513A (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102618740A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material and its preparation method |
| WO2014158052A1 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-02 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт физики прочности и материаловедения Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук (ИФПМ СО РАН) | Method for producing ceramic gradient material |
| CN105945291A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-09-21 | 山东大学 | Bicrystal gradient hard alloy cutter material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106216687A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-14 | 山东大学 | A kind of gradient tungsten carbide-base micro-nano complex cutter material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107385256A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof |
| CN107805728A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-03-16 | 武汉酷睿科技有限公司 | A kind of functionally gradient aluminum matrix composite with multi-level gradient-structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN108746637A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-06 | 中南大学 | Aluminium silicon/aluminium silicon carbide gradient composites and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-10-14 CN CN202111197833.8A patent/CN113953513A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102618740A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material and its preparation method |
| WO2014158052A1 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-02 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт физики прочности и материаловедения Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук (ИФПМ СО РАН) | Method for producing ceramic gradient material |
| CN105945291A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-09-21 | 山东大学 | Bicrystal gradient hard alloy cutter material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106216687A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-14 | 山东大学 | A kind of gradient tungsten carbide-base micro-nano complex cutter material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107385256A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof |
| CN107805728A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-03-16 | 武汉酷睿科技有限公司 | A kind of functionally gradient aluminum matrix composite with multi-level gradient-structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN108746637A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-06 | 中南大学 | Aluminium silicon/aluminium silicon carbide gradient composites and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 戴遐明 等: "《超微陶瓷粉体实用化处理技术》", 30 September 2009, 国防工业出版社 * |
| 王治国: "纳米SiC增强铝基复合材料的粉末冶金法制备及其力学性能", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库（博士） 工程科技I辑》 * |
| 郑水林 等: "《超细粉碎工程》", 30 September 2006, 中国建材工业出版社 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106312057B (en) | Powder metallurgy preparation method of nano-particle reinforced superfine crystal metal matrix composite material | |
| CN108085524B (en) | A kind of preparation method of graphene reinforced aluminum matrix composites | |
| CN103572087B (en) | The preparation method of boron carbide particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites | |
| CN103773997B (en) | A kind of aviation instrument grade Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC and preparation method thereof | |
| US9714198B2 (en) | Method for preparing titanium nitride-titanium diboride-cubic boron nitride composite material | |
| CN105132742A (en) | Graphene reinforced titanium-based composite and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109439968B (en) | Preparation method of graphene reinforced aluminum matrix composite | |
| CN112760040B (en) | Magnetic polishing solution suitable for die-casting aluminum alloy material | |
| CN101444802B (en) | A method of producing particle reinforced aluminum-base compound material continuously by using extrusion-upsetting and device thereof | |
| CN103276324A (en) | Preparation method of reinforced 6061aluminum matrix composite material | |
| CN106582448A (en) | Method of preparing polycrystalline diamond microspheres by hydro-thermal synthesis of carbon spheres | |
| CN101215406A (en) | Preparation method of resin-base nano composite material | |
| CN113953513A (en) | Preparation method and system of nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material | |
| CN111676405B (en) | Diamond composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109913706A (en) | A kind of hot pressing for aluminum silicon carbide composite material method | |
| CN102925757A (en) | Method for preparing Al-Fe alloy by virtue of nanometre powder | |
| CN202539571U (en) | Powder packing device for powder metallurgy | |
| CN115383129B (en) | Preparation method of in-situ synthesized intermetallic compound reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material and composite material | |
| CN104357702B (en) | One prepares nanometer Al 2o 3the device and method of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material semi solid slurry | |
| CN117164359A (en) | Method for preparing carbon graphite material by in-situ densification | |
| CN113798495B (en) | High-entropy alloy sintering molding process with equivalent conversion of double elements | |
| CN206082354U (en) | Coating dispersion machine | |
| CN212399109U (en) | Spare part grinding device is used in production of sediment stuff pump | |
| CN104689925A (en) | Multistage classifier and classification method of superfine diamond micro-powder particles | |
| CN108480644A (en) | A kind of full-automatic production equipment special and production method of powder metallurgical helical gear |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220121 |