CN107385256A - A kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107385256A
CN107385256A CN201710623102.2A CN201710623102A CN107385256A CN 107385256 A CN107385256 A CN 107385256A CN 201710623102 A CN201710623102 A CN 201710623102A CN 107385256 A CN107385256 A CN 107385256A
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silicon carbide
nanometer silicon
matrix composites
aluminum matrix
preparation
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杨超
戴亚春
崔沛
骆志高
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • B22F1/0003
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0052Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
    • C22C32/0063Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on SiC
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B22F2009/042Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling using a particular milling fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B22F2009/043Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to Material Field, disclose a kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof, solve the problems, such as that nano silicon carbide granulate not can be uniformly dispersed in aluminum substrate, the composite is formed after carrying out solvent aid dispersion, mechanical ball mill, compressing, high temperature sintering and cooling by 7075 Al alloy powders, Neon SiC powder, wherein, the granularity of 7075 Al alloy powders is 30 μm 100 μm, weight/mass percentage composition is 95% 99%, the granularity of Neon SiC powder is 20nm 40nm, and weight/mass percentage composition is 1% 5%.The nano silicon carbide granulate of the present invention is dispersed in aluminum substrate, moreover, the tensile strength and hardness of composite have the raising of conspicuousness.

Description

A kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to Material Field, more particularly to a kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites and its preparation side Method.
Background technology
Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC have lightweight, high intensity, wear-resisting, thermal coefficient of expansion is low, good stability of the dimension, Corrosion-resistant, the advantages that high-temperature stability is good, it is the field such as Aero-Space, special equipment, precision instrument, communications and transportation lightweight hair The important support material of exhibition trend, it is the high-performance composite materials that countries in the world are competitively developed.Research shows, silicon-carbide particle The performance of Size on Composite has a major impact.When silicon-carbide particle size is in nanoscale, crystal grain refinement can be caused Mechanism and a large amount of Neon SiC powder dislocations form strengthening mechanism, improve the mechanical property of material, mechanical performance, bend Take intensity, tensile property.But because nano particle has very big specific surface area, easily reunite, material can be caused to be stretched When discontinuity, so as to have a strong impact on the intensity of composite.
The content of the invention
The purpose of patent of the present invention is that solving nano silicon carbide granulate can not be evenly distributed in aluminum substrate, preparation technology Complexity, the problem of cost is high, and a kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof are provided, its tension is strong Degree and hardness have the raising of conspicuousness compared to fine aluminium.
A kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites, the composite include 7075 aluminium alloys and nano silicon carbide Silicon, each component weight/mass percentage composition are 7075 aluminium alloy 95%-99%, nanometer silicon carbide 1%-5%.
A kind of preparation method of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites, comprises the following steps:
(1) Neon SiC powder is placed in absolute ethyl alcohol, carries out ultrasonic vibration and disperse 55min-65min, obtain scattered Liquid A;
(2) 7075 Al alloy powders are placed in absolute ethyl alcohol and carry out electromagnetic agitation, obtain dispersion liquid B;
(3) keep that the dispersion liquid A containing Neon SiC powder is added drop-wise to containing 7075 Al alloy powders under magnetic agitation In the dispersion liquid B at end, 30min-40min is then persistently stirred again, standing sedimentation, after powder to be composite sedimentation completely, pours out portion Liquid is distinguished after obtaining mixed-powder in baking oven overnight, then mixed-powder is placed in mechanical spheroidal graphite in ball mill;
(4) by the obtained mixed-powder of step (3) under 55MPa-65MPa pressure, it is compressing at room temperature, and 6-12min is kept under 55MPa-65MPa pressure;
(5) press-formed part that step (4) obtains is put into anaerobic high temperature sintering furnace, with 450-600 DEG C/h heating Speed is heated to 390 DEG C -400 DEG C, is incubated 1h-3h;Room temperature is naturally cooled to, obtains finished product.
In step (3), the totality of the gross mass and absolute ethyl alcohol of the Neon SiC powder and 7075 Al alloy powders Product usage ratio is 20g:500ml.
In step (3), the percent mass ratio of both the Neon SiC powder and 7075 Al alloy powders is respectively: 7075 Al alloy powder 95%-99%, Neon SiC powder 1%-5%.
7075 described Al alloy powder granularities are 30 μm -100 μm, and nanometer silicon carbide granularity is 20nm-40nm.
In step (1), the frequency for carrying out ultrasonic wave during ultrasonic vibration is 60KHZ.
In step (2), the power frequency for carrying out electromagnetic agitation is 7HZ, current strength 360A.
The ratio of grinding media to material of mechanical ball mill is set to 7 in step (3):1, rotational speed of ball-mill 200rpm, the time is set to 5h, adds As process control agent, during to prevent ball milling cold welding and viscous tank occur for 2.0wt% stearic acid.
In step (3), drying temperature is 80 DEG C -95 DEG C in the baking oven.
A kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared by the present invention, tensile strength are 210~274MPa, hardness For 60~82.6HV.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) Neon SiC powder of patent addition of the present invention causes grain refinement mechanism and a large amount of nanometer silicon carbides Powder dislocation forms strengthening mechanism, improves the mechanical property of material, mechanical performance, yield strength, tensile property.
(2) the nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites of patent of the present invention, to realize nano-particle in the material equal Even distribution, the method for mechanical ball mill is added by using solvent aid dispersion, made by the transient cavitation and sound wave of high-energy ultrasound For carrying out scattered nano ceramics reinforcement, actual measurement shows that nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites compare aluminium, and its tension is strong Degree and hardness have the raising of conspicuousness.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) 3% Neon SiC powder (granularity 30nm) is put into the beaker for filling 250ml absolute ethyl alcohols, carried out Ultrasonic vibration disperses 60min, and the wherein frequency of ultrasonic vibration is 60KHZ, while by 97%7075 Al alloy powders (granularity 65 μm) be put into the beaker for filling 250ml absolute ethyl alcohols and carry out electromagnetic agitation, it will then contain nanometer silicon carbide under magnetic stirring Solution be added drop-wise in 7075 Al alloy powder solution, then persistently stir 35min again, standing sedimentation, powder to be composite is complete After sedimentation, the powder that part clear liquid is mixed overnight in 90 DEG C of baking ovens is poured out, composite powder is being placed in ball mill Middle mechanical spheroidal graphite 5h, rotating speed are set to 200rpm, during add about 2.0wt% stearic acid;(2) gained mixture is existed It is 60MPa pressure, compressing at room temperature, and keep 8min under 60MPa pressure;(3) press-formed part is put into sintering furnace In, 395 DEG C are heated to 500 DEG C/h heating rate under oxygen barrier environment, is incubated 2h;Room temperature is naturally cooled to, obtains finished product.
Embodiment 2
(1) 5% Neon SiC powder (granularity 40nm) is put into the beaker for filling 250ml absolute ethyl alcohols, carried out Ultrasonic vibration disperses 65min, and the wherein frequency of ultrasonic vibration is 60KHZ, while by 95%7075 Al alloy powders (granularity 30 μm) be put into the beaker for filling 250ml absolute ethyl alcohols and carry out electromagnetic agitation, it will then contain nanometer silicon carbide under magnetic stirring Solution be added drop-wise in 7075 Al alloy powder solution, then persistently stir 40min again, standing sedimentation, powder to be composite is complete After sedimentation, the powder that part clear liquid is mixed overnight in 95 DEG C of baking ovens is poured out, composite powder is being placed in ball mill Middle mechanical spheroidal graphite 5h, rotating speed are set to 200rpm, during add about 2.0wt% stearic acid;(2) gained mixture is existed It is 65MPa pressure, compressing at room temperature, and keep 12min under 65MPa pressure;(3) press-formed part is put into sintering furnace In, 400 DEG C are heated to 600 DEG C/h heating rate under oxygen barrier environment, is incubated 3h;Room temperature is naturally cooled to, obtains finished product.
Embodiment 3
(1) 1% Neon SiC powder (granularity 20nm) is put into the beaker for filling 250ml absolute ethyl alcohols, carried out Ultrasonic vibration disperses 55min, and the wherein frequency of ultrasonic vibration is 60KHZ, while (granularity is by 99%7075 Al alloy powders 100 μm) it is put into the beaker for filling 250ml absolute ethyl alcohols and carries out electromagnetic agitation, it will then contain nano-sized carbon under magnetic stirring The solution of SiClx is added drop-wise in 7075 Al alloy powder solution, then persistently stirs 30min, standing sedimentation, powder to be composite again Completely after sedimentation, the powder that part clear liquid is mixed overnight in 80 DEG C of baking ovens is poured out, composite powder is being placed in ball Mechanical spheroidal graphite 5h, rotating speed are set to 200rpm in grinding machine, during add about 2.0wt% stearic acid;(2) gained mixture is existed It is 55MPa pressure, compressing at room temperature, and keep 6min under 55MPa pressure;(3) press-formed part is put into sintering furnace In, 390 DEG C are heated to 450 DEG C/h heating rate under oxygen barrier environment, is incubated 1h;Room temperature is naturally cooled to, obtains finished product.
Following table gives the performance change feelings of the materials'use different weight percentage composition Neon SiC powder of 3 implementation Condition.As can be seen from the table, as the increase of Neon SiC powder, its tensile strength and hardness also improve therewith.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that the composite includes 7075 aluminium alloys With nanometer silicon carbide, each component weight/mass percentage composition is 7075 aluminium alloy 95%-99%, nanometer silicon carbide 1%-5%;It is described multiple Condensation material, tensile strength are 210~274MPa, and hardness is 60~82.6HV.
A kind of 2. preparation method of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Comprise the following steps:
(1) Neon SiC powder is placed in absolute ethyl alcohol, carries out ultrasonic vibration and disperse 55min-65min, obtain dispersion liquid A;
(2) 7075 Al alloy powders are placed in absolute ethyl alcohol and carry out electromagnetic agitation, obtain dispersion liquid B;
(3) keep that the dispersion liquid A containing Neon SiC powder is added drop-wise to containing 7075 Al alloy powders under magnetic agitation In dispersion liquid B, 30min-40min is then persistently stirred again, standing sedimentation, after powder to be composite sedimentation completely, it is clear to pour out part Liquid is placed in mechanical spheroidal graphite in ball mill after obtaining mixed-powder in baking oven overnight, then by mixed-powder;
(4) by the obtained mixed-powder of step (3) under 55MPa-65MPa pressure, it is compressing at room temperature, and in 55MPa- 6-12min is kept under 65MPa pressure;
(5) press-formed part that step (4) obtains is put into anaerobic high temperature sintering furnace, with 450-600 DEG C/h heating rate 390 DEG C -400 DEG C are heated to, is incubated 1h-3h;Room temperature is naturally cooled to, obtains finished product.
A kind of 3. preparation method of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 2, it is characterised in that In step (3), the cumulative volume amount ratio of the gross mass and absolute ethyl alcohol of the Neon SiC powder and 7075 Al alloy powders Example is 20g:500ml.
A kind of 4. preparation method of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 3, it is characterised in that In step (3), the percent mass ratio of both the Neon SiC powder and 7075 Al alloy powders is respectively:7075 aluminium close Bronze end 95%-99%, Neon SiC powder 1%-5%.
A kind of 5. preparation method of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 2, it is characterised in that 7075 described Al alloy powder granularities are 30 μm -100 μm, and nanometer silicon carbide granularity is 20nm-40nm.
6. the preparation method of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 2, it is characterised in that step (1) in, the frequency for carrying out ultrasonic wave during ultrasonic vibration is 60KHZ.
7. the preparation method of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 2, it is characterised in that step (2) in, the power frequency for carrying out electromagnetic agitation is 7HZ, current strength 360A.
A kind of 8. preparation method of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 2, it is characterised in that The ratio of grinding media to material of mechanical ball mill is set to 7 in step (3):1, rotational speed of ball-mill 200rpm, the time is set to 5h, and it is hard to add 2.0wt% Resin acid is as process control agent.
9. the preparation method of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 2, it is characterised in that step (3) in, drying temperature is 80 DEG C -95 DEG C in the baking oven.
CN201710623102.2A 2017-07-27 2017-07-27 A kind of nanometer silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof Pending CN107385256A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108580922A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-09-28 东北大学 A method of preparing high-performance aluminum base silicon carbide
CN108950280A (en) * 2018-08-15 2018-12-07 辽宁科技大学 A kind of graphene/carbon SiClx reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof
CN109022873A (en) * 2018-09-21 2018-12-18 湘潭金波新材料科技有限公司 7XXX-SiC aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof
CN109909491A (en) * 2017-12-13 2019-06-21 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 Aluminum matrix composite and its manufacturing method
CN110106405A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-08-09 王炳福 A kind of preparation method of brake disc SiCp-Al composite material
CN111304480A (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-06-19 季华实验室 Preparation method of nano-particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material
CN113953513A (en) * 2021-10-14 2022-01-21 山东大学 Preparation method and system of nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109909491A (en) * 2017-12-13 2019-06-21 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 Aluminum matrix composite and its manufacturing method
CN108580922A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-09-28 东北大学 A method of preparing high-performance aluminum base silicon carbide
CN108950280A (en) * 2018-08-15 2018-12-07 辽宁科技大学 A kind of graphene/carbon SiClx reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof
CN108950280B (en) * 2018-08-15 2020-06-02 辽宁科技大学 Graphene/silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN109022873A (en) * 2018-09-21 2018-12-18 湘潭金波新材料科技有限公司 7XXX-SiC aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof
CN110106405A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-08-09 王炳福 A kind of preparation method of brake disc SiCp-Al composite material
CN111304480A (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-06-19 季华实验室 Preparation method of nano-particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material
CN113953513A (en) * 2021-10-14 2022-01-21 山东大学 Preparation method and system of nano silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based gradient composite material

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