CN113951186B - Test method for researching influence of turbulence on development process of roe embryo body - Google Patents
Test method for researching influence of turbulence on development process of roe embryo body Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test method for researching the influence of turbulence on the development process of roe embryos, which is characterized in that roe incubation is carried out by controlling the temperature of water body to be proper temperature and/or the oxygen content of water body to be proper oxygen content and/or the flow rate of water body to be proper flow rate, controlling the water body to be in different turbulence degrees, observing and recording the movement and incubation conditions of roe in water body, and obtaining the optimal turbulence degree for the roe incubation. The invention can better research the influence of the water flow turbulence degree on the development process of the embryo of the drifting roe, so as to better feed the roe in the field of artificial incubation and improve the roe incubation quality and the incubation success rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roe incubation research, in particular to a test method for researching the influence of turbulence on a roe embryo development process.
Background
The drifting fish egg is fish egg which has density similar to that of water, has no viscosity, is separated from water and can complete hatching along with water drifting after insemination, such as eggs laid by black carp, grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp and the like. The hatching process of fish eggs has important significance for fish reproduction, not only directly influences the number and health condition of larval fish, but also influences the resource amount and species survival condition of fish. The drifting fish eggs need to move with water from fertilized eggs to juvenile fish with swimming capability for dozens of hours or even hundreds of hours, and the distance can reach hundreds of kilometers in natural water bodies such as the upstream of Yangtze river. Therefore, the research on incubation of drifting fish eggs has important significance not only for the fish breeding industry, but also for river fish resource recovery.
At present, the artificial incubation mode of the drifting fish eggs mainly comprises incubation in an incubation barrel and incubation in an incubation loop. The hatching bucket size is indefinite, can customize the use according to actual need, adopts the mode of upwards flushing water from the bottom to make the roe constantly roll the hatching in aqueous generally, has easy operation's advantage, but the interior rivers flow direction of bucket is chaotic, can't confirm its turbulent condition. In the process of artificial incubation, after the eggs are controlled to be in a drifting state, the conventional drifting fish eggs are usually more beneficial to incubation by controlling water temperature, oxygen content and flow rate. For example, a drifting fish egg hatching device disclosed in CN111670844A and a drifting fish egg hatching device disclosed in CN210746713U are similar to the above-mentioned technologies, that is, a container is used, and water is added or air is introduced to control the inside of the container to cause a rotational flow, and then fish eggs are hatched in a water flow. The method has the defects of low water flow control degree and poor hatching effect. Because most of the water flow in the natural river is turbulent, the hatching and development of the fish eggs are related to the water flow turbulence and the turbulence level besides the water temperature, the flow rate and the content, and the difference of the turbulence level necessarily causes the difference of the embryo development condition.
Therefore, in order to better study the influence of water flow conditions on the development process of the drifting roe embryo body, the effect of the turbulence degree of water flow on the development of the roe embryo needs to be researched, so as to better feed the roe artificial incubation field and improve the roe incubation quality and the incubation success rate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide a test method for researching the influence of turbulence on the development process of the embryoid of the roe, which can better research the influence of the turbulence of water flow on the development process of the embryoid of the roe with drift, so as to better feed the field of artificial hatching of the roe and improve the hatching quality and the hatching success rate of the roe.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a test method for researching the influence of turbulence on the development process of roe embryos is characterized in that roe incubation is carried out by controlling the temperature of water body to be proper temperature and/or the oxygen content of water body to be proper oxygen content and/or the flow rate of water body to be proper flow rate, controlling the water body to be in different turbulence degrees, observing and recording the movement and incubation conditions of roe in water body, and obtaining the optimal turbulence degree for roe incubation.
The fish eggs in the method are drifting fish eggs. The three factors of the proper temperature, the proper oxygen content and the proper flow rate in the scheme can be obtained by consulting the existing literature or performing other tests or according to the measurement of the actual river channel condition of the drifting fish eggs. After one factor or two factors or three factors can be randomly confirmed, the hatching condition of the fish eggs under the condition of different turbulence degrees is obtained through a grouping test, and the optimal turbulence degree for hatching the fish eggs is obtained. Wherein the optimal hatching time can be the shortest hatching time, or the optimal activity of the hatched fry, or the combination of the two. The turbulence degree can be characterized by observing and measuring parameters such as turbulence intensity, turbulence energy value or Reynolds number of the water body. Therefore, the method can research and obtain the optimal water body turbulence degree for the fish egg incubation, can better feed the artificial fish egg incubation field, and improves the fish egg incubation quality and the incubation success rate.
Furthermore, a plurality of tracer particles which are prepared by simulating fish eggs in size and specific gravity are put into the water body, the three-dimensional velocity field of the tracer particles is obtained by shooting the moving images of the tracer particles, and then the turbulent kinetic energy value of the water body is obtained through calculation and is used as a characteristic parameter of the turbulent kinetic degree of the water body.
Therefore, besides the characteristic parameters of the water body turbulence degree can be conveniently obtained through the tracer particles, the weight of the fish eggs influenced by the water body turbulence in the water body can be directly obtained through observing the fluctuation condition of the tracer particles along with the water body fluctuation, so that the increase or decrease of the water body turbulence degree can be better assisted and adjusted, and the test progress is accelerated.
Further, the method is realized by adopting the following drifting fish egg embryo development test device, the drifting fish egg embryo development test device comprises an incubation accommodating body, a water flow rate control device, a water temperature control device and a water oxygen content control device are arranged in the incubation accommodating body, and a turbulent flow adjusting device is further arranged in the incubation accommodating body.
Therefore, the artificial water environment for incubation can be formed in the accommodating body for incubation in the experimental device, the flow of the artificial water can be controlled by the water flow rate control device, the flow rate of the artificial water can be controlled, the temperature of the water can be adjusted and controlled by the water temperature control device, and the oxygen content of the water can be controlled and adjusted by the water oxygen content control device; meanwhile, the turbulence flow of the water body is adjusted through the turbulence adjusting device, and different turbulence degrees are obtained. Therefore, the test process can be conveniently and quickly realized, and the optimal turbulence degree for hatching the fish eggs is obtained.
Further, the turbulence adjusting device comprises a plurality of groups of push plates with through holes of different shapes, and the push plates are detachably arranged in the accommodating body for hatching along the vertical direction and can be used for pushing the water body of the accommodating body for hatching to flow.
Therefore, the water flow turbulence degree can be conveniently adjusted by replacing the push plate with the through holes with different shapes.
Furthermore, the accommodating body for hatching is a hatching groove which is horizontal and annular as a whole, a push plate is arranged in the hatching groove along the cross section direction, the push plate is connected with the circulating motion control mechanism and can be driven to do circulating motion along the annular shape of the hatching groove, and the push plate and the circulating motion control mechanism form a water body flow velocity control device.
Like this, the push pedal is driven and is done annular cyclic motion along hatching the groove, wholly promotes rivers from the cross section direction and does cyclic motion in annular hatching the groove, can simulate the actual river course well and be the whole characteristics that flow forward on the cross section direction, and the river course actual rivers condition accords with more, and rivers are more stable even, and the incubation effect of roe has been improved to convenient experimental the going on.
Furthermore, the hatching tank comprises two opposite semicircular sections and two straight-line sections connected between the two semicircular sections, the circulating motion control mechanism comprises two transmission discs which are horizontally arranged at the upper ends of the inner circles of the two semicircular sections in a matching manner, a transmission belt is sleeved on the transmission discs, the upper end of the push plate is connected to the transmission belt through a transversely arranged connecting rod, and at least one transmission disc is connected with a motor.
Therefore, the motor drives the transmission disc to rotate, and drives the push plate to circularly move along the hatching tank through the transmission belt to push water flow to circularly flow. Meanwhile, the motor device is positioned above the hatching tank, so that the adverse effect of motor vibration on fish egg hatching is avoided.
Further, the transmission disc is a chain wheel, and the transmission belt is a chain. Thus, the control is more reliable and accurate.
Further, the motor is fixed on a mounting frame of a portal frame structure. This allows a better fixation of the motor.
Further, a protective sleeve is arranged outside the motor. This may be better waterproof.
Furthermore, a downward supporting rod is arranged below the middle part of the transmission disc, and the transmission disc is rotatably arranged on the supporting rod. Therefore, the support can be better realized, and the stability is ensured.
Furthermore, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged on the hatching tank. Thus, water can be fed and discharged more conveniently. When the fish egg sealing device is implemented, the dense nets are arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet, so that the fish egg loss can be prevented. Meanwhile, the water inlet is connected with the water pump through a water inlet pipeline, so that water pumping and water feeding are facilitated.
Further, the hatching tank is integrally fixed on a mounting table. Thus, the operation and observation are more convenient.
Furthermore, the hatching tank is integrally made of transparent organic glass materials. Therefore, the observation is more convenient, and the hardness and the quality of the material can be ensured.
Furthermore, a camera is arranged outside the hatching tank and opposite to the hatching tank. This facilitates the observation and recording of hatching processes and data by means of a camera.
Furthermore, the water body temperature control device comprises a temperature control device arranged on the incubation tank and a temperature sensor arranged in the incubation tank, and the temperature control device and the temperature sensor are connected with the control center; the oxygen content control device of the water body comprises an aeration device arranged in the hatching tank and a dissolved oxygen detection sensor arranged in the hatching tank, wherein the aeration device and the dissolved oxygen detection sensor are respectively connected with the control center.
Therefore, the water flow temperature can be better detected, the water temperature is adjusted through the temperature control device, the dissolved oxygen in water can be detected, and the dissolved oxygen concentration in water can be controlled through the aeration device, so that the water flow temperature and the dissolved oxygen concentration in water are both in a range suitable for hatching, the test is better realized, and the hatching effect is improved.
Furthermore, an adjusting tank is fixedly arranged outside one side of the hatching tank, a communication gap is arranged between the adjusting tank and the hatching tank to enable the interiors of the adjusting tank and the hatching tank to be communicated, and the temperature control device and the aeration device are positioned in the adjusting tank.
Therefore, the influences of the temperature control device and the aeration device on the water body flowing and the fish egg hatching can be better reduced.
Further, the adjusting tank is positioned at the position of a turn outside the hatching tank.
Therefore, the water body exchange inside the two is more facilitated.
Further, the water flow speed control device further comprises a water flow speed detection device, the water flow speed detection device is connected with a control center, and the control center is connected with the motor. In this way, the water flow rate can be better detected and guaranteed to be at a desired rate.
Further, the front side surface of the push plate is provided with a layer of elastic material.
In this way, damage to the fish eggs by impact can be better avoided.
Furthermore, the push plate is provided with a plurality of through holes.
Therefore, partial water flow can flow through the through holes, the water body disturbance degree of the adjacent area positions of the front side and the rear side of the push plate is reduced, the water body environments of the front side and the rear side of the push plate and the rest area positions of the incubation groove are more consistent, and the incubation is more stable. Meanwhile, the water flow can form turbulent flow after passing through the through holes, so that the simulation of the actual water environment of a river channel is facilitated, and the improvement of the hatchability of fish eggs is facilitated.
Further, the push plate is detachably connected with the circulating motion control mechanism. Like this, can set up the push pedal of multiunit difference through hole shape, the convenient push pedal that has different shape clearing holes of changing as required to adjust the water current degree of disorder, make it more be favorable to improving the hatchability of roe. During concrete implementation, the connecting screw rods with symmetrical threads are horizontally arranged on one side of the upper end of the push plate and one side of a transmission belt of the circulating motion control mechanism respectively, and then the detachable connection is realized by means of a matched connecting nut.
Further, the push plates are arranged in groups, and each group of push plates comprises a first push plate and a second push plate which are arranged at intervals in the front and back.
Like this, rivers loop through the clearing hole in first push pedal and the second push pedal, and the setting up of the double-deck clearing hole that parallels like this has greatly improved the fragmentation degree to passing through rivers, has improved the turbulent degree of rivers under the little condition of the whole fluctuation range of the body of keeping for the roe can follow rivers better and do the higher nevertheless less drift of range of frequency, more is favorable to the roe hatching and does not damage the roe.
Furthermore, a dislocation adjusting mechanism is arranged between the first push plate and the second push plate, and a turbulence adjusting device is formed.
Thus, the dislocation distance of the through hole between the first push plate and the second push plate can be adjusted through the dislocation adjusting mechanism, and the degree of turbulence for forming turbulence can be adjusted. So that the fish eggs form a turbulent fluctuation degree which is more suitable for the hatching of the fish eggs.
Furthermore, dislocation adjustment mechanism, including the vertical fixation on first push pedal and the adjusting screw who points to the second push pedal, adjusting screw passes the spout of vertical setting on the second push pedal and relies on a pair of fixation nut who connects soon to fix the centre gripping of second push pedal on adjusting screw.
Therefore, the adjusting screw rod can slide up and down along the sliding groove by loosening the fixing nut and then be fastened again, and the dislocation adjustment is realized by adjusting the height of the fixed position of the second push plate up and down; meanwhile, the structure can also realize the adjustment of the front-back distance between the two push plates, and can better realize the accurate adjustment of the turbulence degree of the formed turbulent flow by simultaneously adjusting the dislocation degree and the mutual distance. And has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient and quick adjustment, stability and reliability.
Furthermore, a circle of backward flexible ribbons is arranged backwards at the rear side of each through hole on the push plate.
Like this, when the push pedal promoted rivers forward, the flexible ribbon of round that is formed by a plurality of roots of every clearing hole rear side was undulant along the random swing of rivers, and the further rivers that drive to pass through from the clearing hole are followed flexible ribbon and are random swing all around to backward and flexible ribbon clearance spread all around, have further improved like this from the random fluctuation effect of the rivers that the clearing hole flowed through and have reduced undulant range simultaneously again, more are favorable to the roe hatching and do not harm the roe.
Furthermore, the rear side surfaces of the first push plate and the second push plate are respectively provided with a flexible ribbon, and the length of the flexible ribbon at the rear side of the first push plate is matched with the distance between the first push plate and the second push plate (basically consistent).
Like this, the flexible ribbon that is located between first push pedal and the second push pedal not only can make the turbulent flow better, and the flexible ribbon can be under the effect of rivers can lead to the position of clearing hole place on the second push pedal in the wobbling, and then the roe that leads to entering clearing hole on the first push pedal flows from the clearing hole on the second push pedal better, avoids striking the second push pedal and causes the damage.
The particle image detection system comprises a camera which is arranged right opposite to the hatching tank, a laser which is arranged right opposite to a camera shooting area on the hatching tank and a plurality of tracer particles which are put into a water body in the hatching tank, wherein the laser is connected with the camera and a control center.
Therefore, the laser irradiates the water body in the shooting area, so that the tracer particles in the water body reflect light and can be shot by the camera to obtain a dynamic image, and then the flow field information can be obtained by shooting the image change condition of the tracer particles and carrying out image processing by a control center (computer). The turbulence degree of the water body can be directly reflected by the fluctuation condition of the tracer particles in the video. The three-dimensional velocity field of the tracer particles can be further obtained by analyzing the flow field parameters, the turbulence intensity of the water flow of the tracer particles is further calculated and obtained, and the data of the turbulence energy value of the detection point is obtained.
Further, the tracer particle size and mass match the roe size and mass data (fall within the roe data). Therefore, the fluctuation situation of the roes in the water body is intuitively reflected through the fluctuation image situation of the tracer particles.
Further, the video camera is a CCD camera. The shooting and data conversion are facilitated.
Further, the laser has a laser sheet light source facing the width direction of the hatching tank. And the information of the tracer particles in the image can be more conveniently extracted.
In conclusion, the invention can better research the influence of the turbulence degree of water flow on the development process of the embryonic bodies of the floating roes, so as to better feed the artificial hatching field of the roes and improve the hatching quality and the hatching success rate of the roes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a test apparatus for the development of a drifting fish egg embryo according to the present invention, viewed from above.
Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the push plate.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of multiple sets of push plates of different through hole shapes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: a test method for researching the influence of turbulence on the development process of roe embryos is characterized in that roe incubation is carried out by controlling the temperature of water body to be proper and/or the oxygen content of water body to be proper and/or the flow rate of water body to be proper, controlling the water body to be different in turbulence degree, observing and recording the movement and incubation condition of roe in water body, and obtaining the optimal turbulence degree for roe incubation.
The fish eggs in the method are drifting fish eggs. The three factors of the proper temperature, the proper oxygen content and the proper flow rate in the scheme can be obtained by consulting the existing literature records or performing other tests or measuring according to the actual river channel condition of the drifting fish eggs. After one factor or two factors or three factors can be randomly confirmed, the hatching condition of the fish eggs under the condition of different turbulence degrees is obtained through a grouping test, and the optimal turbulence degree for hatching the fish eggs is obtained. Wherein the optimal hatching time can be the shortest hatching time, or the optimal activity of the hatched fry, or the combination of the two. The degree of turbulence can be characterized by observing and measuring parameters such as the turbulence intensity or the turbulence energy value or the Reynolds number of the water body. Therefore, the method can be used for researching and obtaining the optimal water body turbulence degree for fish egg hatching, can better feed the artificial fish egg hatching field, and improves the fish egg hatching quality and hatching success rate.
In the method, a plurality of tracer particles which are prepared by imitating fish eggs in size and specific gravity are put into a water body, a three-dimensional velocity field of the tracer particles is obtained by shooting moving images of the tracer particles, and then the turbulent kinetic energy value of the water body is obtained through calculation and is used as a characterization parameter of the turbulent kinetic degree of the water body.
Therefore, besides the characteristic parameters of the water body turbulence degree can be conveniently obtained through the tracer particles, the weight of the fish eggs influenced by the water body turbulence in the water body can be directly obtained through observing the fluctuation condition of the tracer particles along with the water body fluctuation, so that the increase or decrease of the water body turbulence degree can be better assisted and adjusted, and the test progress is accelerated.
The method is realized by adopting the drifting fish egg embryo development test device shown in figures 1-5, and the drifting fish egg embryo development test device comprises an incubation accommodating body, wherein a water flow rate control device, a water temperature control device and a water oxygen content control device are arranged in the incubation accommodating body, and a turbulence adjusting device is also arranged in the incubation accommodating body.
Therefore, the artificial water environment for incubation can be formed in the accommodating body for incubation in the experimental device, the flow of the artificial water can be controlled by the water flow rate control device, the flow rate of the artificial water can be controlled, the water temperature can be adjusted and controlled by the water temperature control device, and the oxygen content of the water can be controlled and adjusted by the water oxygen content control device; meanwhile, the turbulence flow of the water body is adjusted through the turbulence adjusting device, and different turbulence degrees are obtained. Therefore, the test process can be conveniently and quickly realized, and the optimal turbulence degree for hatching the fish eggs is obtained.
The accommodating body for hatching is a hatching tank 1 which is horizontal and annular as a whole, a push plate 2 is arranged in the hatching tank 1 along the direction of the cross section, the push plate 2 is connected with a circulating motion control mechanism and can be driven to do circulating motion along the annular shape of the hatching tank, and the push plate and the circulating motion control mechanism form a water body flow velocity control device.
Like this, the push pedal is driven and is done annular cyclic motion along hatching the groove, wholly promotes rivers from the cross section direction and does cyclic motion in annular hatching the groove, can simulate the actual river course well and be the whole characteristics that flow forward on the cross section direction, and the river course actual rivers condition accords with more, and rivers are more stable even, and the incubation effect of roe has been improved to convenient experimental the going on.
The hatching tank 1 comprises two opposite semicircular sections and two straight-line sections connected between the two semicircular sections, the circulating motion control mechanism comprises two transmission discs 3 which are horizontally arranged at the upper ends of the inner circles of the two semicircular sections in a matching manner, a transmission belt 4 is sleeved on each transmission disc 3, the upper end of the push plate 2 is connected to the transmission belt through a transversely arranged connecting rod in an installing manner, and at least one transmission disc 3 is connected with a motor 6.
Therefore, the motor drives the transmission disc to rotate, and drives the push plate to circularly move along the hatching tank through the transmission belt to push water flow to circularly flow. Meanwhile, the motor device is positioned above the hatching tank, so that the adverse effect of motor vibration on fish egg hatching is avoided.
Wherein, the driving disc 3 is a chain wheel, and the driving belt 4 is a chain. Thus, the control is more reliable and accurate.
Wherein, the motor 6 is fixed on a mounting rack 7 of a portal frame structure. This allows a better fixation of the motor.
Wherein, a protective sleeve is arranged outside the motor 6. This allows for better water resistance.
Wherein, the middle part below of driving plate 3 is provided with decurrent bracing piece 8, and the driving plate is rotationally installed on the bracing piece. Therefore, the support can be better realized, and the stability is ensured.
Wherein, a water inlet 9 and a water outlet 10 are arranged on the hatching tank 1. Thus, water can be fed and discharged more conveniently. During implementation, the dense nets are arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet, so that the loss of fish eggs can be prevented. Meanwhile, the water inlet is connected with the water pump 11 through a water inlet pipeline, so that water pumping and water feeding are facilitated.
Wherein the hatching tank 1 is integrally fixed to a mounting table 12. Thus, the operation and observation are more convenient.
Wherein, the hatching tank 1 is made of transparent organic glass material. So that the observation is more convenient and the hardness and quality of the material can be ensured.
Wherein, a camera 13 is arranged outside the hatching tank 1 and opposite to the hatching tank. This facilitates the observation and recording of hatching processes and data by means of a camera.
Wherein, the water body temperature control device comprises a temperature control device 14 arranged on the incubation tank and also comprises a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) arranged in the incubation tank, and the temperature control device 14 is connected with the temperature sensor and a control center (not shown in the figure); the oxygen content control device of the water body comprises an aeration device 15 arranged in the incubation tank and a dissolved oxygen quantity detection sensor (not shown in the figure) arranged in the incubation tank, and the aeration device and the dissolved oxygen quantity detection sensor are respectively connected with the control center.
Therefore, the water flow temperature can be better detected, the water temperature is adjusted through the temperature control device, the dissolved oxygen in water can be detected, and the dissolved oxygen concentration in water can be controlled through the aeration device, so that the water flow temperature and the dissolved oxygen concentration in water are both in a range suitable for hatching, the test is better realized, and the hatching effect is improved. The temperature control device, the aeration device, the temperature sensor and the dissolved oxygen detection sensor are all existing mature products, and the structures of the temperature control device, the aeration device, the temperature sensor and the dissolved oxygen detection sensor are not detailed here.
Wherein, the outer part of one side of the incubation groove 1 is also fixedly provided with an adjusting groove 16, a communication gap is arranged between the adjusting groove 16 and the incubation groove to ensure that the inner parts of the adjusting groove 16 and the incubation groove are communicated, and the temperature control device 14 and the aeration device 15 are positioned in the adjusting groove 16.
Therefore, the influences of the temperature control device and the aeration device on the water body flowing and the fish egg hatching can be better reduced.
Wherein, the adjusting groove 16 is positioned at the turning position outside the hatching groove 1.
Therefore, the water body exchange inside the two is more facilitated.
The water flow speed control device also comprises a water flow speed detection device (not shown in the figure), the water flow speed detection device is connected with a control center, and the control center is connected with the motor. In this way, the water flow rate can be better detected and guaranteed to be the desired rate. In practice, the water velocity detecting device may be directly installed in the incubation tank for measurement, or an individual water velocity measuring instrument may be used, and when the water velocity needs to be detected, a plurality of measuring points may be taken in the incubation tank, for example, one measuring point (ABCD four points in the figure) is taken in each of two arc-shaped sections and the middle of two straight-line sections, and then the water velocity measuring instrument is directly held by hand to each measuring point to detect the flow velocity, and then the average flow velocity is calculated to obtain the water velocity. Thus, the interference of the water flow speed detection device to the water flow can be avoided.
Wherein, the front side surface of the push plate 2 is provided with a layer of elastic material 21.
Thus, damage to the roe by impact can be better avoided.
Wherein the push plate is provided with a plurality of through holes 22.
Therefore, partial water flow can flow through the through holes, the water body disturbance degree of the adjacent area positions of the front side and the rear side of the push plate is reduced, the water body environments of the front side and the rear side of the push plate and the rest area positions of the incubation groove are more consistent, and the incubation is more stable. Meanwhile, the water flow can form turbulent flow after passing through the through holes, so that the simulation of the actual water environment of a river channel is facilitated, and the improvement of the hatchability of fish eggs is facilitated.
Wherein, the push plate 2 is detachably connected with the circulating motion control mechanism. Therefore, a plurality of groups of push plates (see fig. 5) with different through hole shapes can be arranged, the push plates with through holes with different shapes can be conveniently replaced according to needs, the water flow disorder degree can be adjusted, and the hatching rate of fish eggs can be improved. During concrete implementation, the connecting screw rods with symmetrical threads are horizontally arranged on one side of the upper end of the push plate and one side of a transmission belt of the circulating motion control mechanism respectively, and then the detachable connection is realized by means of a matched connecting nut.
Wherein, the push plates 2 are arranged in groups, and each group of push plates comprises a first push plate 23 and a second push plate 24 which are arranged at intervals in front and back.
Like this, rivers loop through the clearing hole in first push pedal and the second push pedal, and the setting up of the double-deck clearing hole that parallels like this has greatly improved the fragmentation degree to passing through rivers, has improved the turbulent degree of rivers under the little circumstances of the whole fluctuation range of the body of keeping for the roe can follow rivers better and do the higher nevertheless less drift of range of frequency, more is favorable to the roe hatching and does not harm the roe.
Wherein, a dislocation adjusting mechanism is arranged between the first push plate 23 and the second push plate 24, and forms a turbulent flow adjusting device.
Thus, the dislocation distance of the through hole between the first push plate and the second push plate can be adjusted through the dislocation adjusting mechanism, and the degree of turbulence for forming turbulence can be adjusted. So that the turbulence degree more suitable for the hatching of the fish eggs is formed.
The dislocation adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting screw rod 25 which is vertically fixed on the first push plate and points to the second push plate, and the adjusting screw rod passes through a sliding groove vertically formed in the second push plate and clamps and fixes the second push plate on the adjusting screw rod by means of a pair of screwed fixing nuts 26.
Therefore, the adjusting screw rod can slide up and down along the sliding groove by loosening the fixing nut and then be fastened again, and the dislocation adjustment is realized by adjusting the height of the fixed position of the second push plate up and down; meanwhile, the structure can also realize the adjustment of the front-back distance between the two push plates, and the accurate adjustment of the turbulence degree of the formed turbulence can be better realized by simultaneously adjusting the dislocation degree and the mutual distance. And has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient and quick adjustment, stability and reliability.
Wherein, a circle of backward flexible ribbons 27 are arranged at the rear side of each passing hole on the push plate 2.
Like this, when the push pedal promoted rivers forward, the flexible ribbon of round that is formed by a plurality of roots of every clearing hole rear side was undulant along the random swing of rivers, and the further rivers that drive to pass through from the clearing hole are followed flexible ribbon and are random swing all around to backward and flexible ribbon clearance spread all around, have further improved like this from the random fluctuation effect of the rivers that the clearing hole flowed through and have reduced undulant range simultaneously again, more are favorable to the roe hatching and do not harm the roe.
Wherein, the back side surfaces of the first push plate 23 and the second push plate 24 are both provided with flexible ribbons 27, and the length of the flexible ribbons on the back side of the first push plate is matched with (basically consistent with) the distance between the first push plate and the second push plate.
Like this, the flexible ribbon that is located between first push pedal and the second push pedal not only can make the turbulent flow better, and the flexible ribbon can be under the effect of rivers can lead to the position of clearing hole place on the second push pedal in the wobbling, and then the roe that leads to entering clearing hole on the first push pedal flows from the clearing hole on the second push pedal better, avoids striking the second push pedal and causes the damage.
The device also comprises a particle image detection system, wherein the particle image detection system comprises a camera 13 which is arranged right opposite to the hatching tank, a laser 29 which is arranged right opposite to a camera shooting area on the hatching tank, and a plurality of tracer particles 30 which are put into a water body in the hatching tank, and the laser and the camera are connected with a control center. In the figure, reference numeral 31 denotes a fish egg.
Therefore, the laser irradiates the water body in the shooting area, so that the tracer particles in the water body reflect light and can be shot by the camera to obtain a dynamic image, and then the flow field information can be obtained by shooting the image change condition of the tracer particles and performing image processing by a control center (a computer). The turbulence degree of the water body can be directly reflected by the fluctuation condition of the tracer particles in the video. The three-dimensional velocity field of the tracer particles can be further obtained by analyzing the flow field parameters, the turbulence intensity of the water flow of the tracer particles is further calculated and obtained, and the data of the turbulence energy value of the detection point is obtained.
Taking the point E just opposite to the camera in the image area in the image as an example, changing the point to be a turbulence degree measuring point, setting the height from the bottom of the water tank to be 0.5h (h is the water depth), obtaining a tracer particle image by applying a particle image detection system, calculating a two-dimensional flow field by using post-processing software PIVlab in a computer of a control center, and obtaining the time-average flow velocity in the x direction of the point E
x Instantaneous flow velocity u x Pulsating flow velocity u x ' (similarly in the y-direction), and finally, the turbulence intensity sigma in the x-and y-directions at the point E can be calculated x 、σ y And obtaining the turbulent energy k value at the E point. The above physical quantity relationship is:
u x =
x+ux ’
u y =
y +u y ’
in the above formula:
x 、u x 、u x ' is the time-averaged flow rate, instantaneous flow rate, pulsatile flow rate in the x-direction `>
y 、u y 、u y 'time-average, instantaneous, pulsating flow in the y-direction,' σ x 、σ y The turbulence intensity in the x direction and the y direction is shown, n is the number of instantaneous flow fields, and the turbulence energy k value can comprehensively measure the turbulence degree of water flow in the water tank.
In this embodiment the size and mass of the tracer particles 30 and the size and mass data of the roe 31 match (fall within the data range of the roe). The outer surface of the tracer particle 30 is provided with a layer of color or light reflecting material to facilitate tracking. Therefore, the fluctuation situation of the roes in the water body is intuitively reflected through the fluctuation image situation of the tracer particles.
The camera 13 is a CCD camera. The shooting and data conversion are facilitated.
Wherein, the laser 29 has a laser sheet light source facing the width direction of the hatching tank. And the information of the tracer particles in the image can be more conveniently extracted.
Claims (7)
1. A test method for studying the influence of turbulence on the development process of roe embryo, place roe in artificial water body environment, control the water body to flow and make the roe in the drift state and hatch, characterized by, in the roe hatches the process, control the water body temperature to be suitable temperature and/or control the water oxygen content to be suitable oxygen content and/or control the water flow rate to be suitable flow rate, and control the water body to be in different turbulence intensity size, observe and record roe movement and hatch situation in the water body, obtain the optimum turbulence intensity to the roe hatch; after one factor or two factors or three factors are randomly confirmed from the three factors of the proper temperature, the proper oxygen content and the proper flow rate, the hatching condition of the fish eggs under the conditions of different turbulence degrees is obtained through a grouping test, and the optimal turbulence degree for hatching the fish eggs is obtained; wherein the optimal hatching time is the shortest hatching time or the optimal activity of the hatched fry or the combination of the two is considered; the turbulence degree is characterized by observing and measuring the turbulence energy value of the water body;
putting a plurality of prepared tracer particles with sizes and specific gravities imitating fish eggs into a water body, shooting a moving image of the tracer particles to obtain a three-dimensional velocity field of the tracer particles, and further calculating to obtain a turbulent kinetic energy value of the water body and using the turbulent kinetic energy value as a characterization parameter of the turbulent kinetic degree of the water body;
the method is realized by adopting the following drifting fish egg embryo development test device, the drifting fish egg embryo development test device comprises an incubation accommodating body, a water flow rate control device, a water temperature control device and a water oxygen content control device are arranged in the incubation accommodating body, and a turbulence adjusting device is also arranged in the incubation accommodating body;
the turbulence adjusting device comprises a plurality of groups of push plates with through holes of different shapes, and the push plates are detachably arranged in the accommodating body for hatching along the vertical direction and can be used for pushing the water body of the accommodating body for hatching to flow;
the push plates are arranged in groups, and each group of push plates comprises a first push plate and a second push plate which are arranged at intervals in the front and back direction;
a dislocation adjusting structure is arranged between the first push plate and the second push plate, and a turbulent flow adjusting device is formed;
the dislocation adjusting structure comprises an adjusting screw rod which is vertically fixed on the first push plate and points to the second push plate, wherein the adjusting screw rod penetrates through a sliding groove which is vertically arranged on the second push plate and clamps and fixes the second push plate on the adjusting screw rod by means of a pair of screwed fixing nuts.
2. A test method for researching the effect of turbulent flow on the development process of fish egg embryo bodies as claimed in claim 1, wherein the container for hatching is a hatching tank with a horizontal ring shape as a whole, a push plate is arranged in the hatching tank along the cross section direction, the push plate is connected with the circular motion control mechanism and can be driven to do circular motion along the ring shape of the hatching tank, and the push plate and the circular motion control mechanism form a water flow rate control device.
3. The experimental method for studying the effect of turbulence on the development process of fish egg embryo body as claimed in claim 2, wherein the incubation trough comprises two opposite semi-circular segments and two straight-line segments connected between the two semi-circular segments, the circular motion control mechanism comprises two driving discs horizontally mounted at the upper ends of the inner circles of the two semi-circular segments in a matching manner, a driving belt is sleeved on the driving discs, the upper end of the push plate is mounted and connected to the driving belt through a transversely arranged connecting rod, and at least one driving disc is connected to a motor;
the transmission disc is a chain wheel, and the transmission belt is a chain;
the motor is fixed on a mounting frame of a portal frame structure;
a downward supporting rod is arranged below the middle part of the transmission disc, and the transmission disc is rotatably arranged on the supporting rod;
the hatching tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet;
the hatching tank is integrally fixed on a mounting platform;
the hatching tank is integrally made of transparent organic glass material;
a camera is arranged outside the hatching tank and opposite to the hatching tank.
4. The experimental method for studying the effect of turbulence on the developmental process of roe and embryo according to claim 2, wherein the water temperature control device comprises a temperature control device installed on the incubation tank, and further comprises a temperature sensor installed in the incubation tank, and the temperature control device and the temperature sensor are respectively connected to the control center; the oxygen content control device of the water body comprises an aeration device arranged in the incubation tank and a dissolved oxygen amount detection sensor arranged in the incubation tank, wherein the aeration device and the dissolved oxygen amount detection sensor are respectively connected with the control center;
the outer part of one side of the incubation groove is fixedly provided with an adjusting groove, a communication gap is arranged between the adjusting groove and the incubation groove to ensure that the inner parts of the adjusting groove and the incubation groove are communicated, and the temperature control device and the aeration device are positioned in the adjusting groove;
the adjusting groove is positioned at the turning position outside the hatching groove;
the water flow speed control device also comprises a water flow speed detection device, the water flow speed detection device is connected with a control center, and the control center is connected with the motor.
5. The experimental method for studying the effect of turbulence on the developmental process of roe and embryo according to claim 2, wherein: the front side surface of the push plate is provided with an elastic material layer;
the push plate is provided with a plurality of through holes;
the push plate is detachably connected with the circulating motion control mechanism.
6. A test method for studying the effect of turbulence on the development process of roe embryos as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pushing plate is provided with a circle of backward flexible ribbons backwards from the rear side of each through hole;
the rear side surfaces of the first push plate and the second push plate are respectively provided with a flexible ribbon, and the length of the flexible ribbon at the rear side of the first push plate is matched with the distance between the first push plate and the second push plate.
7. A test method for studying the effect of turbulence on the development process of fish egg embryo body as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a particle image detection system, wherein the particle image detection system comprises a camera facing the hatching tank, a laser facing the camera shooting area on the hatching tank, and a plurality of tracer particles thrown into the water in the hatching tank, and the laser and the camera are respectively connected with the control center;
the size and the quality of the tracer particles are matched with the size and the quality data of the fish eggs;
the video camera is a CCD camera;
the laser has a laser sheet light source facing the width direction of the hatching tank.
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