A kind of measuring method using indoor culture pond current surveying device
Technical field
The present invention relates to flow rate detection technical field more particularly to a kind of indoor culture pond current surveying device and measurement sides
Method.
Background technique
Existence, habit, breeding and the growth of water flow and aquatile etc. are closely related.About water flow to Fish behavior
With physiological effect studies have shown that the behaviors such as the ingesting of fish, cluster, migration and reproduction all rely on fish Burden-Swimming Ability of KM and
Its motion mode.The study found that fish can use different metabolic ways under Different Exercise Mode, when fish normal activity according to
It can be obtained by enough energy by aerobic metabolism, it is less about research of the water flow to crustacean behavior and its physiological effect,
Such as crab.
Currently, crab cultivation production method becomes more diverse, mainly there are pond type, fence type, watt urn formula, cage type etc.,
The problems such as that there are breeding density is low for these modes, mutually residual phenomenon is serious, survival rate is low, mating trouble.Again due to common cultivation
Mode based on outdoor breeding, and outdoor climate is sometimes difficult to it is anticipated that artificially interference it is more difficult, be unfavorable for constant rate of production.And
It is the aquiculture animal immunity degradation that causes by breeding environment pollution, disease-resistant and the study found that during aquaculture
Phenomena such as ability reduces is to cause the principal element of Safety of Aquatic Products problem, and the root of breeding environment pollution is that feed is sought
Support structure it is unreasonable, feed not scientific, aquaculture model and be not suitable for.Therefore experiment indoor simulation aquatic product health cultivation mode is established
Safe and efficient, environmental protection type aquatic compound feedstuff is researched and developed, and implements science and feeds, to reduce its pollution to environment, it is ensured that cultivation
Environmental Health reduces cultivated animals disease and occurs, and is the effective way of Safety of Aquatic Products production.Aquaculture ecology laboratory
The aquatic animals device, such as aquarium, aquaculture pond, pond etc. of general raising aquatic products at present, has generally comprised air supply system, has supplied water
System, water purification system and water body heating device, wherein such as oxygen concentration, CO2The control of concentration, pressure, water temperature is all suitable
Important link, but in the breeding process, aquatic products such as crab, the defecation of crab and feed carry out all in aquaculture pond, due to
Water is filled in aquaculture pond, can gather some excrement and food-residue in cultivation bottom of pond portion, it is residual if cleared up not in time for a long time
Bait, excrement, death the organic matters excess deposition such as algae not only result in cultivation if can not decompose completely in cultivation bottom of pond portion
Water body is muddy, and also will cause aquaculture pond bottom deposit has protein, to induce the secondary pollution of water body, leads to water body dissolved oxygen
The concentration of narmful substances such as decline, hydrogen sulfide increase, while bad aquaculture pond bottom of pond also provides temperature for the mass propagation of pathogen
Bed, the at present cleaning of aquaculture pond rely primarily on manually, and cleaning difficulty is larger;And launch feed when be also by poultry raiser's hand
It broadcasts sowing, it cannot be guaranteed that feed is all uniformly distributed, if crab, which eats not attend the meeting, causes the molten mistake Yu Shuizhong of a large amount of feeds, to cause to raise
Feeding member can excessively feed, and in turn result in residual bait, and excreta and bait residue can be such that the content of organics of breeding water body increases, excessively
Organic matter can cause the breeding of organic matter digestion bacterium, and with mineralized nitrogen bacterium in biomembrane competitive growth space, dissolved oxygen
And nutrients.The breeding potential of organic matter digestion bacterium much faster than mineralized nitrogen bacterium, nitrobacteria (autotrophic bacteria) be difficult with it is different
Bacterium competition is supported, causes nitrobacteria to grow slow, so that cultivating system biofilter ammonia nitrogen removal frank is low, to lead
Cause ammonia nitrogen exceeded.For this purpose, the removing of excreta is effectively performed and how effectively to carry out spreading feed as skill urgently to be resolved
Art problem.And existing experimenter usually can be using hydraulic pressure the excrement of crab to be discharged in aquaculture pond for spreading feed, water
The setting of pressure, which needs to meet, can neither influence the growth of crab, ingest, and can clean out the residual bait excrement of bottom of pond, therefore have
Necessity tests the speed to the water inlet flow velocity of aquaculture pond, to obtain optimal hydraulic pressure value, therefore researches and develops and a kind of facilitates operation, precision
High flow velocity instrument and the method for measuring flow velocity are very necessary.
Summary of the invention
A technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of ease of assembly for above-mentioned state of the art,
The high indoor culture pond current surveying device of measurement accuracy.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention be for above-mentioned state of the art and providing a kind of application has
The measuring method that above-mentioned current surveying device tests the speed to indoor culture pond.
The technical scheme of the invention to solve the technical problem is: the indoor culture pond current surveying device, including
Power supply, it is characterised in that include:
Bracket;
Display screen, the display screen are connected with bracket;
One end of the bracket is arranged in counterweight, the counterweight;
Measuring rod, the measuring rod are rotatably connected on the other end of the bracket, the end of the measuring rod be provided with impeller and
Light source, the revolving speed of the impeller can be converted to optical signal and then be converted to electric signal to be converted into water velocity;And
Velocity sensor, the velocity sensor are arranged on the measuring rod, which can receive the light source
The reflected beams be converted to electric impulse signal will measure, which can be transferred to digital signal processor and convert
Processing, to be shown by the display screen, the power supply respectively with the display screen, velocity sensor, Digital Signal Processing
Device is connected with display screen, to provide power source.
Further, the scale in " L " type of inversion is additionally provided on the measuring rod, the scale is arranged in the impeller
With the top of light source.Since impeller is placed in aquaculture pond underwater to the current surveying device in measurement, therefore utilize scale and aquaculture pond
Graticule alignment is arranged on aquaculture pond, to guarantee that the impeller shaft of impeller remains vertical with water (flow) direction.
Further, the display location is connected in the measuring rod top or by electric wire with the measuring rod.
Further, the bracket includes vertical bar and horizon bar, and the counterweight and measuring rod are then respectively set
The adjusting that can change horizon bar Yu vertical bar angle is additionally provided between the both ends of the horizon bar, the vertical bar and horizon bar
Part.The angle of vertical bar and horizon bar can be changed, flexibly by the setting of regulating part to adapt to multiple measurement positions and angle
Measurement.
Further, the regulating part include pedestal, can relative to the pedestal rotate movable part and can be by the activity
Part is fixed on the fastener on a certain turned position of pedestal, and the movable part convex is equipped with and is capable of fixing the vertical boom end
Circumferential band.It is arranged vertical bar by circumferential band, and pedestal is fixed on horizon bar, so by consolidating circumferential band and movable part
It is fixed, it will be able to the relative rotation that vertical bar and horizon bar are driven with the relative rotation of movable part and pedestal, thus flexibly
Change the angle of vertical bar and horizon bar.
Preferably, arc groove is offered on the pedestal, the movable part is first be arranged in the circumferential band
The end of foot and the second stabilizer blade, first stabilizer blade and the second stabilizer blade is connected with the first connecting rod that can run through the arc groove, and
The root of first stabilizer blade and the second stabilizer blade is connected with second connecting rod, the end of the second connecting rod be pierced by the pedestal and with
The appended claims, to adjust the relative position of movable part and pedestal, in fastener with respect to the shape that second connecting rod unscrews outward
Under state, movable part can with first connecting rod arcuately slot sliding and opposite base rotate, and fastener with respect to second connecting rod to
In the state of inside screwing, movable part energy opposite base is fixed.Using the elastic cooperation of fastener and movable part second connecting rod with band
The variation that dynamic first connecting rod is rotated along arc groove, to adjust the angle of vertical bar and horizon bar.
The present invention also provides a kind of sides being measured with current surveying device to indoor culture pond using above-mentioned indoor culture pond
Method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) it arranges indoor culture pond: first can control the jet pipe of water intake velocity in the side wall setting of the aquaculture pond, then exist
At least both threads are arranged on aquaculture pond, at least two are provided on the line can determine that the label that tests the speed of measurement position and depth
Point;
(2) current surveying device is set: the power supply, display screen, counterweight, measuring rod, scale and velocity sensor are installed
On the bracket, adjusting bracket makes velocity sensor to suitable position, and wheel measuring bar makes the line in scale and step (1)
Level, the impeller shaft of the impeller can be with water (flow) direction level at this time;
(3) flow velocity is measured, the parameter of current surveying device is set, and according to multiple speed measuring points of each section in step (1)
Determine that measurement position and depth measure;
(4) adjustable jet tube, the measurement position and depth that multiple speed measuring points by measuring each section in step (3) determine
Degree measures, and then obtaining neither influences the growth of cultivated animals, ingests in the different depth of each position, and can be by bottom of pond
The flow velocity cleaned out of residual bait excrement, and then adjust pitch-row, aperture and the quantity of the jet pipe.
Further, the jet pipe in the step (1) includes nozzle body, is provided with and interlinks in the nozzle body
Two-way runner, the first runner as homogenizing aquaculture organism feed all the way, another way is as clearing up aquaculture organism excreta
Second flow channel, the first runner include first outlet pipe and the first control valve for controlling the first outlet pipe,
The second flow channel includes the second outlet pipe vertical with the first outlet pipe and for controlling the second outlet pipe
Second control valve, and at least two spray orifices are uniformly provided on the tube wall of the second outlet pipe.It is feeding when needing to spread to aquaculture pond
When growing biological feedstuff, as long as opening the first control valve, the second control valve is closed, then seawater sprays into first by nozzle body
The flowing of aquaculture pond seawater can be driven after outlet, to be homogenized aquaculture organism feed;When needing to clear up aquaculture organism excreta,
As long as opening the second control valve, the first control valve is opened, water flow is gone out by spray orifice jet stream, rotates cultivation water, thus will
Aquaculture organism excreta concentration rotates in the middle part of aquaculture pond, due to being provided with the filter screen that can be dismantled in the middle part of aquaculture pond, works as opening
When filter screen, aquaculture pond can be discharged in cultivation biological waste.
Further, the distance between the spray orifice is 1~5cm, and the aperture of the spray orifice is 5~50mm, the spray orifice
Quantity is 4~24.By the aperture number and size of adjustable jet tube the water flow of bottom of pond can be rinsed residual bait excrement.
Further, being linked in the aquaculture pond can be for drift net that aquaculture organism swims.Such as aquaculture organism crab
When in 1~2 phase, the crab young can be detached from parent, and as aquaculture pond swims, which, which can glue, sticks the crab young,
Prevent the crab young from escaping.
When being assembled compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows the indoor culture pond with current surveying device, it is only necessary to will
Measuring rod and counterweight are first mounted on the both ends of bracket, and then display screen is connected by electric wire with measuring rod, while measuring
Velocity sensor is installed on bar, it is easy for installation quickly, based on technical principle be that the machinery of impeller is converted into light
Pulse signal may be implemented the miniaturization of current meter, or even micromation, can be used for measuring water velocity local in aquaculture pond,
The small range water velocity that conventional current meter can not touch, this current surveying device are reduced using light source and wheel delivery signal
Mechanically operated friction, prolongs the service life, and improves equipment dependability;In addition, measurement method provided by the invention is basis
The requirement of measurement position, first with current surveying device measure each section multiple speed measuring points determine measurement position and depth into
Row measurement, then obtaining neither influences the growth of cultivated animals such as crab, ingests in the different depth of each position, and can be by pond
The flow velocity that the residual bait excrement at bottom is cleaned out, and then adjust aquaculture pond side wall jet pipe and enter the flow of aquaculture pond and the hole of jet pipe
Diameter, pitch-row, with it is easy to detect, form it is a set of can be scientifically and rationally for the side that test the speed of aquaculture organism cultivation demand
Method, is fitted and in the cultivation of the aquatic livestocks such as fish, Shrimp waste, has the wide scope of application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of aquaculture pond in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of current surveying device in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention in measuring device on horizon bar;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of one angle of jet pipe in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of another angle of jet pipe in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.
The installation of 1 current surveying device of indoor culture pond 7 of embodiment
Specific installation steps are as follows:
1, vertical bar 11 and horizon bar 12 are first utilized the combination installation of regulating part 13, wherein regulating part 13 by mounting bracket 1
Include pedestal 131, can relative to the pedestal 131 rotate movable part 14 and the movable part 14 can be fixed on pedestal 131 certain
Fastener 15 on one turned position, 11 end of vertical bar is then mounted in the circumferential band 141 of the outside projection of movable part 14, and is lived
Moving part 14 is then the first stabilizer blade 142 and the second stabilizer blade 143 that are arranged in circumferential band 141, by the first of movable part 14 when assembling
The first connecting rod 144 that stabilizer blade 142 is connected with the end of the second stabilizer blade 143 runs through in arc groove 132, and by the first stabilizer blade 142
Pedestal 131 can be pierced by and the second connecting rod 145 matched with 15 spiral shell of fastener is to adjust movable part 14 with being connected with for the second stabilizer blade 143
With the relative position of pedestal 131, when fastener 15 unscrews outward with respect to second connecting rod 145, movable part 14 can be with the first company
Arcuately slot 132 slides and the rotation of opposite base 131 bar 144, and when fastener 15 is inwardly screwed with respect to second connecting rod 145,
14 energy opposite base 131 of movable part is fixed;
2, counterweight 3 then on the ground by the vertical bar 11 fixed setting, is set in one end of horizon bar 12, it is horizontal
The other end of bar 12 is rotatablely connected measuring rod 4, wherein in the end of measuring rod 4 setting impeller 41, light source and velocity sensor 5,
Simultaneously in the setting of the middle part of measuring rod 4 in the scale 6 of inverted " L " type, the revolving speed of impeller 41 can be converted to optical signal and then turn
Electric signal is changed to be converted into water velocity, and the velocity sensor 5 being arranged on measuring rod 4 can receive the reflected beams of light source
And measurement is converted into electric impulse signal, which can be transferred to digital signal processor and carry out conversion processing;And by
Following formula calculates flow velocity:
V=KN/T+C (m/s)
In formula: V: mean flow rate (m/s) K in the flow measurement period: blade waterpower screw pitch C: current meter constant
T: flow measurement lasts signal number in (unit S) N:T period
This current surveying device is in use, K, C are constant, when flow measurement, as long as measuring T and N, can calculate flow velocity;When normal,
Plug in booting, extracts shutdown;
3, display screen 2 is installed, is connected in the top of measuring rod 4 with 4 phase of measuring rod by electric wire 9, electric impulse signal is transferred to
Numerical value after digital signal processor is converted shown by display screen 2, power supply respectively with display screen 2, test the speed sensing
Device 5, digital signal processor are connected with display, to provide power source (as shown in figures 2-3).
The arrangement in 2 indoor culture pond 7 of embodiment
1, first it can control the jet pipe 8 of water intake velocity in the side wall setting of aquaculture pond 7, jet pipe 8 includes nozzle body 81, spray
The two-way runner to interlink is provided in pipe main body 81, all the way the first runner as homogenizing aquaculture organism such as crab feed, separately
All the way as cleaning crab excreta second flow channel, first runner include first outlet pipe 82 and for control this first
First control valve 83 of outlet 82, second flow channel include the second outlet pipe 84 vertical with first outlet pipe 82 and use
In the second control valve 85 of the control second outlet pipe 84, and multiple spray orifices are uniformly provided on the tube wall of second outlet pipe 84
86, for preferably purifying sea water, sea water purifier is also provided on nozzle body 81;When needs spread crab to aquaculture pond 7
When crab feed, as long as opening the first control valve 83, the second control valve 85 is closed, then seawater sprays into the by nozzle body 81
The flowing of 7 seawater of aquaculture pond can be driven after one outlet 82, to be homogenized crab feed;When needing to clear up crab excreta, only
The second control valve 85 to be opened, the first control valve 83 is opened, water flow is gone out by 86 jet stream of spray orifice, and cultivation water is rotated, from
And crab excreta concentration is rotated on into the middle part of aquaculture pond 7, due to being provided with the filter screen that can be dismantled in the middle part of aquaculture pond 7, when beating
When opening filter screen, aquaculture pond 7 can be discharged in crab excreta.
2, then arrange that four lines 9 to pull into " rice " font, and centered on the A of crosspoint, take each on aquaculture pond 7
The speed measuring point of a section, speed measuring point is radial and takes 16 points, specific 16 points be aquaculture pond 7 and line 9 intersection point and
Central point A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q between each intersection point and crosspoint, specifically as shown in Figure 1.
The measurement of 3 flow velocity of embodiment and the adjusting of jet pipe 8
According to Examples 1 and 2 method by current surveying device and 7 mounting arrangements of indoor culture pond it is good after test;
1, test process is as follows: water temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C, is randomly choosed 10~20 young crabs and is put into aquaculture pond 7, adapts to
10min, as long as closing the first control valve 83, opens the second control valve then when needing to spread crab feed to aquaculture pond 7
85, then seawater sprays into after first outlet pipe 82 flowing that can drive 7 seawater of aquaculture pond by nozzle body 81, to be homogenized crab feeding
Material;When needing to clear up crab excreta, as long as closing the second control valve 85, the first control valve 83 is opened, water flow is by spraying
86 jet stream of hole and go out, rotate cultivation water, so that crab excreta concentration is rotated on the middle part of aquaculture pond 7, due in aquaculture pond 7
Portion is provided with the filter screen that can be dismantled, and when opening filter screen, aquaculture pond 7 can be discharged in crab excreta;
2, test procedure: be largely divided into two pieces: one pieces by both can determine that homogenizing aquaculture pond 7 in spread crab feed while and also
Crab excreta can concentrate to the optimum flow rate that rotate on the middle part of aquaculture pond 7, one piece be the pitch-row of determination jet pipe 8, aperture and
Quantity (as shown in Figures 4 and 5).
3, test is divided into three groups: section speed measuring point be 17 points (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P,
Q), depth is 5cm, 40cm and 75cm (being specifically shown in Table 1) under cultivation water;
Table 1
When uniformly spilling the heavy property bait that diameter is 2mm into water, the distribution of bottom of pond bait can be with the variation of flow velocity
And homogenization degree is different, streamflow regime table as above, it can be seen that, could simultaneously when 7 bottom velocity of aquaculture pond is greater than 7cm/s
Bottom of pond bait is homogenized and washes away the residual bait of bottom of pond.It therefore, can be by adjusting 7 feed water flow of aquaculture pond in aquaculture management process
Pitch-row, aperture and the quantity of amount and jet pipe 8 preferably close the second control valve 85, and the flow of inlet water of the first control valve is situated between
In 2-3m3The first control valve of/h or closing, the flow of inlet water of the second control valve is between 2-3m3/ h, the pitch-row of jet pipe 8 are 9
When~11cm, aperture are 6~6.2mm and quantity is 7~8,7 bottom velocity of aquaculture pond can be greater than 7cm/s.