CN1139510A - 一种用于封闭空间冷却的方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种用于封闭空间冷却的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1139510A
CN1139510A CN94194629A CN94194629A CN1139510A CN 1139510 A CN1139510 A CN 1139510A CN 94194629 A CN94194629 A CN 94194629A CN 94194629 A CN94194629 A CN 94194629A CN 1139510 A CN1139510 A CN 1139510A
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air
cooling
enclosure space
equipment
cooling device
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L.施塔尔
A.卡斯特龙
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Vertiv Sweden AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20536—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for racks or cabinets of standardised dimensions, e.g. electronic racks for aircraft or telecommunication equipment
    • H05K7/20554—Forced ventilation of a gaseous coolant
    • H05K7/2059—Forced ventilation of a gaseous coolant within rooms for removing heat from cabinets, e.g. by air conditioning device

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)

Abstract

为以一种节能方法使置于封闭空间内架柜上的通讯设备冷却，而且操作上高度可靠，无需维护，几乎无可动部件，这开发了一种方法和装置，其中结合采用了位移空气配给和重力流，对所说设备的冷却。吸入的冷空气以低速扩散，如，它以位移方式流出并进入房间，向架柜(2)流去，然后冷空气贯入架柜，冷却那里放置的发热部件。受热后的空气再从架柜上部排出，以低速再循环，以避免在制冷器入口处形成涡旋。

Description

一种用于封闭空间冷却的方法和装置
技术领域
该发明涉及一种对安装于封闭空间内的设备如通讯设备的进行冷却方法和装置。
背景描述
人们知道，自然对流原理可用于冷却垂直表面，方法是，加热一种冷介质使其密度变低而上升，下面的高密度冷介质驱走已被加热的介质，人们也知道采用所谓的位移空气流原理配给空气。这种类型的流动是类似于自然对流的原理，即冷空气比热空气重，因此，它将处于尽可能低的最下层。当冷空气紧贴地面释放出来时，冷空气将沉到地面上，并驱走具有较高温度的空气。通常人们认为，冷空气沿地面流出。在这方面有一个条件，即空气的流速要足够低，才不至于形成涡流。涡流会使冷空气与周围空气混合，结果使空气流不再成为位移空气流。
发明概述
为了以节能方式冷却封闭空间中架柜内的通讯设备，而且操作上高度可靠，无需维护，并且几乎无可动部件，已开发了一种对封闭空间架柜中通讯设备进行冷却的方法和装置。早先提到的两个原理已经考虑进去，而且应用于设备房间内，在该设备房间内所安装的设备有必要进行冷却。当冷却和加热空气时，单位时间内由空气传输的热量基本上由两个参数确定，即：
-单位时间内冷却(或加热)空气的量，和
-空气温度的降低(上升)。
若单位时间内传送的热能相同，则这两个参数成反比，即单位时间内冷却的空气量大，相应于空气温度的差异小；而较高的温度差则要求单位时间内冷却的空气量小。位移空气配给(冷空气配给)和空气加热以及冷却发热物体时所产生的自然对流，在此均称为位移冷却(displacement cooling)。
附图简述
图1展示了一个空间，其中安装了本发明的冷却装置和冷却设备。
图2a表示一个架柜前面的供给空气的流动形式。
图2b表示供给空气通过架柜时的情形，如所见到的从其一侧流过。
图3表示架柜前面和上面热空气和冷空气的分层现象。
实施本发明的最佳模式
图1示意了置于封闭空间或房间3中的冷却装置1和需要冷却的设备2。假定房间为封闭的。冷却设备1从房顶处吸入热空气，将其冷却，然后在靠近地板处以低速度将冷却后的空气排出。空气出口4的前表面很大，以便获得低的空气流速。在房间内变热的回程空气由吸力吸入装置吸道5内，吸道5的位置尽可能靠近房顶。吸入的空气在冷却设备中冷却后再经由出口4回到房间，出口4尽可能靠近地板。供给的冷空气以低速扩散，如，空气扩散进入置有需要冷却的发热部件的架柜附近。冷的供给空气出现于架柜前，并从地板向上一直扩散到紧靠架柜最高点的位置。
空气在被加热时要经过不同的路径，这些路径取决于架柜的结构和放置于其中的设备。但有一个共同的特性，即供给的冷空气是被吸入架柜内部的，并冷却其中的发热部件，同时热空气由架柜的顶部排出，排出的热气比架柜前面供给的冷空气要热得多，重量也轻，因此尽量上升到供给气和房顶之间，见图3。排出的热气也以低速移动，它的速度极低，不会产生涡流。热空气被慢慢地吸回到冷却设备中去。
图2a展示了架柜前面和进入架柜流动的空气。通常，架柜的前面板上打有孔，以使空气可以进入架柜。有些空气在第一个架柜外到达相邻的架柜，以此类推。图2b展示了空气穿过架柜的多孔前面板6，进入并穿过架柜内放置的发热部件7，然后向上穿过架柜。图2b还说明，当发热部件放置于柜架8上时空气穿过架柜所循的路径。尽管没有必要，但安装这些柜架可以引导加热后的空气向架柜后侧的通道装置流动。假设排出的废气可以上升并在架柜上侧排出，这一原理就有效。架柜的多孔前面板也不是绝对必要的，但必须使供给气有可能进入架柜的下部，以便与发热部件接触。为了吸入冷空气，在架柜内也可以装上风扇。总之，对架柜的构造有三个要求：
—供给的空气应能通过架柜的前板或底部进入架柜。
—空气将与置于架柜中的发热部件接触，并因此被加热。
—使空气从架柜顶排出
沿着供给空气所循的路径从冷却装置的前面直到架柜内支承发热部件的柜架之一所在位置(如图2a和2b中箭头所示)，发现沿整个路径直到该位置，温度均保持不变。废气从架柜顶排出。冷空气9和热废气10保持相互分离。供给气沿地板扩散，从地板到达稍高的架柜前沿某点，而废气却聚集于天花板下。图3为从一侧看去与某个架柜有关的两个区域的状态图示，并且表示出了架柜前和其上热空气和冷空气的分层。
供给空气从冷却设备中迁移扩散以及空气从架柜中以极低的涡旋排出。导致形成两个具有不同温度、向不同方向流动的低流速空气层，冷空气沿地表从冷却设备中排出并进入房间或封闭空间内所有架柜的周围，而热空气流出架柜沿天花板流回到冷却设备中去。这样，供给空气扩散到房间内所有的架柜，并被吸出所有的架柜。另外，假定从冷却设备中排出的供给气其温度是时间的常量，那么供给气在所有架柜前都具有同样的温度。这就导致了房间内所有的架柜的均匀和补助冷却。
前面描述的构造也提供了一个高度有效的系统，这是由于此事实，即装置中供给气和废气之间较大的温差加上相对较高的供给气温度以及蒸发温度增大了压缩机循环系统的有效性，同时空气流的低速度有利于采用相对较小的节能扇。

Claims (4)

1.一种冷却置于封闭空间内通讯设备中发热部件等的设备的方法，其特征在于，将一个冷却装置放置于一个封闭空间内，该冷却装置的作用是在该封闭空间的底部形成一个低速的冷空气位移流，在封闭空间的顶部以低速吸收已变热的空气，其中为了冷却各设备，从冷却装置出来的冷空气位移流从下面被吸入，与需要冷却的设备接触，经设备加热过后的空气从上面排出。
2.一种冷却置于封闭空间内通讯设备中发热部件等设备的冷却系统，其特征在于，将一个冷却装置(1)安装在所说的封闭空间(3)内；使冷却装置(1)沿封闭空间(3)的底部以低速提供位移冷空气流；使冷却装置(1)沿封闭空间(3)的顶部以低速吸入已变热的空气流；为了冷却，各装置(2)要从下面的位移冷空气流中吸入冷空气；要从上面把变热的空气送入加热的空气流中。
3.如权利要求2的冷却系统，其特征是，在冷却装置(1)的底部有一个冷空气出口(4)，在所说装置的顶部有一个热空气入口(5)。
4.如权利要求2的冷却系统，其特征在于，需要冷却的发热设备(2)设有引导热空气流的柜架。
CN94194629A 1993-12-22 1994-12-19 一种用于封闭空间冷却的方法和装置 Pending CN1139510A (zh)

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SE9304264A SE9304264L (sv) 1993-12-22 1993-12-22 Förfarande och anordning för kylning i slutna rum
SE9304264-6 1993-12-22

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DE (1) DE69413066T2 (zh)
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CN101963378A (zh) * 2009-11-04 2011-02-02 阿尔西制冷工程技术（北京）有限公司 一种数据中心热点空调制冷系统

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US5671805A (en) 1997-09-30
AU683122B2 (en) 1997-10-30
UA28020C2 (uk) 2000-10-16
RU2145470C1 (ru) 2000-02-10
HUT74631A (en) 1997-01-28
SE9304264L (sv) 1995-06-23
DK0736243T3 (da) 1999-06-07
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FI962534A0 (fi) 1996-06-18
HU217398B (hu) 2000-01-28
NO962561D0 (no) 1996-06-17
NO962561L (no) 1996-06-17
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AU1329795A (en) 1995-07-10
CA2177579A1 (en) 1995-06-29
JPH09507001A (ja) 1997-07-08
DE69413066D1 (de) 1998-10-08
BR9408362A (pt) 1997-08-26
EP0736243A1 (en) 1996-10-09
WO1995017805A1 (en) 1995-06-29
SE9304264D0 (sv) 1993-12-22
FI962534A (fi) 1996-06-18
DE69413066T2 (de) 1999-03-11
ATE170702T1 (de) 1998-09-15

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