CN113945279A - Testing method for solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of space optical remote sensing instrument - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing a solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of a space optical remote sensing instrument, which comprises the following steps: (1) placing a full-aperture diffuse reflection plate which is in the same batch, the same material, the same process and parallel with the diffuse reflection plate in the on-satellite calibration cabin; (2) the collimation light source illuminates the full-aperture diffuse reflection plate; (3) synchronously observing the full-aperture diffuse reflection plate by using a remote sensing instrument and a spectrum radiometer; (4) the collimated light source illuminates the local aperture diffuse reflection plate; (5) synchronously observing the local aperture diffuse reflection plate by using a remote sensing instrument and a spectrum radiometer; (6) calculating the weighted average spectral radiance; (7) a system level measurement of the aperture factor is calculated. The method and the flow are simple and easy to implement, and have good universality; a full-aperture and local-aperture diffuse reflection plate comparison measurement method based on a system-level complete link is adopted, and the diffuse reflection plate is synchronously monitored, so that the measurement result of the method is closer to the true value of the system than the measurement result of the existing method, and the measurement precision is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radiometric calibration of optical remote sensing instruments, and particularly relates to a method for testing a solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of a space optical remote sensing instrument.
Background
At present, the international mainstream typical space optical remote sensing instrument basically adopts the technical scheme of 'sun + diffuse reflection plate' or 'sun + attenuation screen + diffuse reflection plate' on-orbit absolute radiation calibration, and uniform and highly stable solar radiation is introduced as a standard source for reflection band on-orbit radiation calibration. Under ideal conditions, the solar diffuse reflection plate calibration scheme with full aperture, full light path and full field of view is preferably adopted. At the design stage of the space optical remote sensing instrument, the size of the diffuse reflection plate may not realize the full aperture due to the constraint of factors such as volume, weight, optical machine structure layout and the like, and at this time, a solar diffuse reflection calibration scheme of a local aperture is usually adopted.
For local aperture solutions, one parameter of great importance is the aperture factor. The method for obtaining the aperture factor mainly comprises a geometric dimension measurement method of a partial aperture and a full aperture diaphragm, an optical software system simulation method and the like, and the aperture factor given by the methods is basically an ideal value. For a remote sensing instrument with a complex system structure, the value may be greatly different from the real aperture factor of the system, and the accuracy of the solar diffuse reflection calibration is seriously influenced.
Therefore, a system-level test method for calibrating the aperture factor by solar diffuse reflection of the space optical remote sensing instrument is required to be researched, and the measurement precision of the aperture factor is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing method can only give out the aperture factor theoretical value but cannot realize the system-level high-precision measurement of the aperture factor, and the sun diffuse reflection calibration precision of a remote sensing instrument is seriously restricted. The invention provides a systematic-level high-precision testing method for a solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of a space optical remote sensing instrument.
In order to solve the problems, the method for testing the solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of the space optical remote sensing instrument specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) placing a full-aperture diffuse reflection plate which is parallel to the diffuse reflection plate in the on-satellite calibration cabin in the same batch, the same material and the same process at the most front end of the earth observation optical path of the remote sensing instrument;
(2) simulating the divergence angle and the intensity of the sun by using a high-stability and high-repeatability collimated light source to illuminate the full-aperture diffuse reflection plate in the step (1);
(3) observing and collecting the response signal of the illuminated full-aperture diffuse reflection plate in the step (2) by a remote sensing instrument, and recording the response signal as DNfull(ii) a Synchronously measuring the spectral radiance of the diffuse reflection plate by adopting a high-precision standard transmission spectral radiometer to keep the same observation direction as that of the remote sensing instrument, and recording the spectral radiance as
(4) Adjusting the position of the remote sensing instrument to enable the collimated light sources in the same state in the step (2) to illuminate the local aperture diffuse reflection plate in the on-satellite calibration cabin in the same incident direction;
(5) observing and collecting the diffuse reflection plate response signal in the illuminated satellite calibration cabin in the step (4) by a remote sensing instrument, and recording the signal as DNpar(ii) a Synchronously measuring the spectral radiance of the diffuse reflection plate by adopting a high-precision standard transmission spectral radiometer to keep the same observation direction as that of the remote sensing instrument, and recording the spectral radiance as
(6) Calculating weighted average spectral radiance within a band
And
(7) based on pre-emission remote sensingAnd calculating the satellite diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor by combining the response signals measured in the steps and the weighted average spectrum radiance
Where L is the radiance received by the instrument, DN is the response signal of the instrument, and f is a functional expression of the scaling equation.
Preferably, the weighted average spectral radiance within said wavelength band of step (6)
Wherein λ is the wavelength, λ1、λ2Lower and upper wavelength limits, respectively; r (λ) is the instrument spectral response function measured in the laboratory prior to transmission.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
the testing method and the testing process are simple and easy to implement, and have good universality.
The method adopts a comparison measurement method of a full-aperture diffuse reflection plate of an earth observation light path and a local-aperture diffuse reflection plate in an on-satellite calibration cabin, is based on a system-level real full-link test process of a remote sensing instrument, and adopts a high-precision standard transmission spectrum radiometer to synchronously monitor the spectral radiance of the diffuse reflection plate in the test process, and the measurement result of the method is closer to the true value of the system than that of the existing method no matter the relative distribution or the absolute value of aperture factors between wave bands or fields.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The specific implementation of the method for testing the solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of the space optical remote sensing instrument needs 7 steps as shown in figure 1.
(1) A full aperture size diffuse reflector is placed.
A full-aperture diffuse reflection plate which is made of the same material and the same process and has the same batch as the diffuse reflection plate in the on-satellite calibration cabin is arranged at the most front end of an earth observation optical path of the remote sensing instrument.
And adjusting the full-aperture diffuse reflection plate to be parallel to the local-aperture diffuse reflection plate in the on-board calibration cabin by using auxiliary adjusting tools such as a theodolite, a two-dimensional turntable and a mark mirror of the full-aperture diffuse reflection plate.
(2) The collimated light source illuminates the full aperture diffuse reflector.
And (3) simulating the divergence angle and the intensity of the sun by using a high-stability and high-repeatability collimation light source (a device similar to a solar simulator) to illuminate the full-aperture diffuse reflection plate in the step (1).
The beam width of the collimated light source is required to completely cover the surface of the full aperture diffuse reflection plate.
(3) The remote sensing instrument and the standard transmission spectrum radiometer synchronously observe the full-aperture diffuse reflection plate.
After the collimation light source in the step (2) is in a stable state, a remote sensing instrument observes and collects a response signal DN of the illuminated full-aperture diffuse reflection platefull。
Synchronously or quasi-synchronously measuring the spectral radiance of the diffuse reflection plate by adopting a high-precision standard transmission spectral radiometer to keep the same observation direction as that of a remote sensing instrument
(4) The collimated light source illuminates the local aperture diffuse reflecting plate.
And (3) adjusting the position of the remote sensing instrument to enable the collimated light sources in the same state in the step (2) to illuminate the local aperture diffuse reflection plate in the on-satellite calibration cabin in the same incidence direction. Here, "the same state" mainly means that parameters such as stability, divergence angle, and intensity of the collimated light source are the same as those in step (2); the 'same incident direction' means that the included angle between the illumination direction of the collimated light source and the normal direction of the diffuse reflection plate is consistent with that in the step (2).
Also, the beam width of the collimated light source is required to completely cover the surface of the local aperture diffuse reflector in the on-board calibration chamber.
(5) The remote sensing instrument and the standard transmission spectrum radiometer synchronously observe the local aperture diffuse reflection plate.
After the collimation light source in the step (4) is in a stable state, the remote sensing instrument observes and collects a diffuse reflection plate response signal DN in the illuminated on-satellite calibration cabinpar。
Synchronously or quasi-synchronously measuring the spectral radiance of the diffuse reflection plate by adopting a high-precision standard transmission spectral radiometer to keep the same observation direction as that of a remote sensing instrument
(6) Calculating weighted average spectral radiance within a band
And
calculating the weighted average spectrum radiance in the wave band when observing the full-aperture diffuse reflection plate according to the instrument spectral response function R (lambda) measured in the laboratory before emission
And weighted average spectral radiance when observing a local aperture diffuse reflector
Wherein λ is the wavelength, λ1、λ2Respectively, a lower wavelength limit and an upper wavelength limit.
(7) A system level measurement of the aperture factor is calculated.
According to a radiometric calibration equation L (f) (DN) of a ground observation light path of the remote sensing instrument before emission, response signals measured in the steps are combined with the weighted average spectrum radiance, and the satellite diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor is calculated
Where L is the radiance received by the instrument, DN is the response signal of the instrument, and f is a functional expression of the scaling equation.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments, and all embodiments are not necessarily exhaustive. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification, equivalent substitution, or obvious change or modification derived therefrom, which fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for testing a solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of a space optical remote sensing instrument is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) placing a full-aperture diffuse reflection plate which is parallel to the diffuse reflection plate in the on-satellite calibration cabin in the same batch, the same material and the same process at the most front end of the earth observation optical path of the remote sensing instrument;
(2) simulating the divergence angle and the intensity of the sun by using a high-stability and high-repeatability collimated light source to illuminate the full-aperture diffuse reflection plate in the step (1);
(3) observing and collecting the response signal of the illuminated full-aperture diffuse reflection plate in the step (2) by a remote sensing instrument, and recording the response signal as DNfull(ii) a Synchronously measuring the spectral radiance of the diffuse reflection plate by adopting a high-precision standard transmission spectral radiometer to keep the same observation direction as that of the remote sensing instrument, and recording the spectral radiance as
λ is the wavelength;
(4) adjusting the position of the remote sensing instrument to enable the collimated light sources in the same state in the step (2) to illuminate the local aperture diffuse reflection plate in the on-satellite calibration cabin in the same incident direction;
(5) observing and collecting the diffuse reflection plate response signal in the illuminated satellite calibration cabin in the step (4) by a remote sensing instrument, and recording the signal as DNpar(ii) a The spectral radiance of the diffuse reflection plate is measured by synchronously adopting a high-precision standard transmission spectral radiometer to keep the same observation direction as that of a remote sensing instrumentBrightness, is recorded as
λ is the wavelength;
(6) calculating the weighted average spectral radiance within the band of two measurements
And
(7) according to a radiometric calibration equation L (f) (DN) of a ground observation light path of the remote sensing instrument before emission, response signals measured in the steps are combined with the weighted average spectrum radiance, and the satellite diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor is calculated
Where L is the radiance received by the instrument, DN is the response signal of the instrument, and f is a functional expression of the scaling equation.
2. The method for testing the solar diffuse reflection calibration aperture factor of the space optical remote sensing instrument according to claim 1, wherein the weighted average spectral radiance in the wave band in the step (6)
Wherein λ is the wavelength, λ1、λ2Lower and upper wavelength limits, respectively; r (λ) is the instrument spectral response function measured in the laboratory prior to transmission.
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