CN113931837B - 一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子 - Google Patents

一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子 Download PDF

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CN113931837B
CN113931837B CN202111187700.2A CN202111187700A CN113931837B CN 113931837 B CN113931837 B CN 113931837B CN 202111187700 A CN202111187700 A CN 202111187700A CN 113931837 B CN113931837 B CN 113931837B
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CN113931837A (zh
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刘萍
李玉龙
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Suqian College
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/082Details specially related to intermeshing engagement type machines or pumps
    • F04C2/084Toothed wheels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/082Details specially related to intermeshing engagement type pumps
    • F04C18/084Toothed wheels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/12Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C18/126Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with radially from the rotor body extending elements, not necessarily co-operating with corresponding recesses in the other rotor, e.g. lobes, Roots type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/12Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C18/14Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C18/18Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with similar tooth forms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/126Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with radially from the rotor body extending elements, not necessarily co-operating with corresponding recesses in the other rotor, e.g. lobes, Roots type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/14Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C2/18Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with similar tooth forms

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
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Abstract

一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,其半叶轮廓由节圆外的共轭轮廓和节圆内的内圆弧极限轮廓两部分首尾相连组成,本发明的一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,内圆弧利于空间相对狭窄的根部轮廓采用标准孔加工刀具加工,极限轮廓利于转子取得2叶时1.5858,3叶时1.4226,4叶时1.3318的大形状系数,具有容积利用率高的特点。

Description

一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子
技术领域
本发明属于转子泵的技术领域,具体涉及一种形状系数大和易加工的凸转子轮廓构造,更具体的涉及一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子。
背景技术
凸转子泵是利用两个凸转子(简称为转子)旋转过程中所产生的进口真空吸力将流体介质输送到出口的一类容积泵,最早用于罗茨真空泵,应用广泛。其中,由两个完全相同转子所形成的非接触式转子副为泵的核心组件,转子叶数常为2~4。
现有研究表明转子的形状系数越大,转子的容积利用率越高,转子泵的轻量化效果就越好。其中,形状系数等于转子叶顶圆半径除以节圆半径。
圆弧转子因其形状系数大而普遍应用于转子的轮廓构造中,但常见圆弧转子的圆弧轮廓构造于节圆的外侧,与之相对的共轭轮廓构造于节圆的内侧,既不利于转子空间相对狭窄的根部轮廓加工,也没有充分发挥圆弧的孔加工优势。
发明内容
本发明针对背景技术中要解决的根本问题,提供一种圆弧轮廓位于节圆内侧,与之相对的共轭轮廓位于节圆外侧的转子轮廓构造方法,并就其大形状系数的要求,圆弧轮廓采用共轭轮廓上最小曲率半径等于0的极限内圆弧。
为实现上述目的,本发明技术解决方案如下:
一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,其半叶轮廓由节圆外的共轭轮廓和节圆内的内圆弧极限轮廓两部分首尾相连组成。
所述共轭轮廓和内圆弧极限轮廓的连接点为位于节圆上的轮廓节点,所述共轭轮廓上非轮廓节点的端点称为顶点,所述内圆弧极限轮廓上非轮廓节点的端点称为根点,所述顶点与转子中心的连线为转子轮廓的顶对称轴,所述根点与转子中心的连线为转子轮廓的根对称轴,所述轮廓节点与转子中心的连线为转子轮廓的中轴,所述中轴角平分顶对称轴与根对称轴夹角,所述顶对称轴与根对称轴夹角称为半叶轮廓圆心角,所述半叶轮廓圆心角由180°除以转子叶数唯一确定,所述半叶轮廓圆心角的一半称为共轭圆心角,共轭圆心角唯一确定为2叶时的45°,3叶时的30°,4叶时的22.5°。
所述内圆弧极限轮廓具有其位于根对称轴上的圆心、轮廓节点、转子中心形成一个直角三角形的三个顶点且轮廓节点为直角顶点的唯一极限特征,所述圆心与轮廓节点所在的直角边及其长度为内圆弧极限轮廓的半径线及半径,所述轮廓节点与转子中心所在的直角边及其长度定义为位于中轴上的中轴边及其中轴边长,所述中轴边长等于节圆半径,所述圆心与转子中心所在的直角三角形斜边及其长度定义为位于根轴上的根轴斜边及其根轴斜边长,所述根轴斜边与中轴边的夹角等于已知的共轭圆心角;所述直角三角形由共轭圆心角和节圆半径唯一确定,所述共轭圆心角和节圆半径为转子轮廓构造的预先确定值。
所述内圆弧极限轮廓的半径由该直角三角形唯一确定为节圆半径乘以共轭圆心角的正切函数,即2叶时的1倍节圆半径,3叶时的0.5774倍节圆半径,4叶时的0.4142倍节圆半径;所述根轴斜边长由该直角三角形唯一确定为节圆半径除以共轭圆心角的余弦函数,即2叶时的1.4142倍节圆半径,3叶时的1.1547倍节圆半径,4叶时的1.0824倍节圆半径;
所述形状系数=2-(根轴斜边长-内圆弧极限轮廓半径)/节圆半径,即为2叶时的1.5858,3叶时的1.4226,4叶时的1.3318。
所述共轭轮廓由配对转子上已确定的内圆弧极限轮廓通过彼此间的共轭关系唯一确定;
转子根部关于根轴对称的两个跨叶内圆弧极限轮廓,可通过节圆半径的微调,使其成为能采用标准刀具一次同时加工的标准圆弧,故该转子的轮廓相对简单,根部加工相对容易。相对于现有技术,本发明有益效果如下:
本发明的一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,内圆弧利于空间相对狭窄的根部轮廓采用标准孔加工刀具加工,极限轮廓利于转子取得2叶时1.5858,3叶时1.4226,4叶时1.3318的大形状系数,具有容积利用率高的特点。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显。
图1为3叶形状系数1.4226时内圆弧转子的极限轮廓构造示意图;
图2为3叶形状系数1.425时共轭轮廓的角点干涉示意图;
图中:O、转子中心,o、内圆弧极限轮廓的圆心,a、顶点,b、轮廓节点,c、根点,ab、共轭轮廓,bc、内圆弧极限轮廓,r、内圆弧极限轮廓的半径,R、节圆半径,h、Oo的连线长度,Oa、顶对称轴,Ob、中轴,Oc、根对称轴,σ、共轭圆心角。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。
如图1~2所示,一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,其半叶轮廓由节圆外的共轭轮廓ab和节圆内的内圆弧极限轮廓bc两部分首尾相连组成。所述共轭轮廓和内圆弧极限轮廓的连接点b为位于节圆上的轮廓节点,所述共轭轮廓上非轮廓节点b的端点a称为顶点,所述内圆弧极限轮廓上非轮廓节点b的端点c称为根点,所述顶点与转子中心的连线aO为转子轮廓的顶对称轴,所述根点与转子中心的连线cO为转子轮廓的根对称轴,所述轮廓节点b与转子中心O的连线bO为转子轮廓的中轴,所述中轴bO角平分顶对称轴aO与根对称轴cO间的夹角,所述顶对称轴aO与根对称轴cO间的夹角称为半叶轮廓圆心角,所述半叶轮廓圆心角有180°除以转子叶数唯一确定,所述半叶轮廓圆心角的一半称为共轭圆心角σ,共轭圆心角σ为2叶时的45°,3叶时的30°,4叶时的22.5°。
所述内圆弧极限轮廓bc具有其位于根对称轴cO上的圆心o、轮廓节点b、转子中心O形成一个直角三角形 的三个顶点且轮廓节点b为直角顶点的唯一极限特征,所述圆心o与轮廓节点b所在的直角边ob及其长度为内圆弧极限轮廓的半径线及其半径,所述轮廓节点b与转子中心O所在的直角边bO及其长度定义为位于中轴上的中轴边bO及其中轴边长,所述中轴边长等于节圆半径R,所述圆心o与转子中心O所在的直角三角形斜边oO及其长度定义为位于根轴上的根轴斜边oO及其根轴斜边长,所述根轴斜边oO与中轴边bO的夹角等于已知的共轭圆心角σ;所述直角三角形 由共轭圆心角σ和节圆半径R唯一确定,所述共轭圆心角σ和节圆半径R为转子轮廓构造的预先确定值;
所述内圆弧极限轮廓的半径r由该直角三角形 唯一确定为r=R×tanσ,即2叶时的1R,3叶时的0.5774R,4叶时的0.4142R;
所述根轴斜边长h由该直角三角形 唯一确定为h=R/cosσ,即2叶时的1.4142R,3叶时的1.1547R,4叶时的1.0824R;
所述形状系数=2-(h-r)/R,即为2叶时的1.5858,3叶时的1.4226,4叶时的1.3318;
所述共轭轮廓ab由配对转子上已确定的内圆弧极限轮廓bc通过彼此间的共轭关系唯一确定,此时共轭轮廓ab上确无轮廓节点b处的角点干涉现象;
取3叶时略大于1.4226的形状系数1.425,此时轮廓节点b处出现了共轭轮廓ab的角点干涉现象,说明本发明的内圆弧轮廓确为其极限轮廓。
转子根部关于根轴对称的两个跨叶内圆弧极限轮廓,可通过节圆半径R的微调,使其成为能采用标准刀具一次同时加工的标准圆弧,故该转子的轮廓相对简单,根部加工相对容易。以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点,对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,包括半叶轮廓,其特征在于,半叶轮廓由节圆外的共轭轮廓和节圆内的内圆弧极限轮廓首尾相连组成;所述共轭轮廓与内圆弧极限轮廓的连接点为轮廓节点,所述轮廓节点位于节圆上;所述内圆弧极限轮廓具有唯一极限特征:内圆弧极限轮廓的圆心、轮廓节点、转子中心形成一个直角三角形且轮廓节点为直角顶点。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,其特征在于,所述共轭轮廓上非轮廓节点的端点称为顶点,所述内圆弧极限轮廓上非轮廓节点的端点称为根点。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,其特征在于,所述顶点与转子中心的连线和根点与转子中心的连线之间的夹角为半叶轮廓圆心角。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,其特征在于,所述半叶轮廓圆心角由转子叶数唯一确定。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,其特征在于,所述直角三角形由共轭圆心角和节圆半径唯一确定,所述共轭圆心角为半叶轮廓圆心角的一半。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,其特征在于,所述内圆弧极限轮廓的半径由所述直角三角形唯一确定:节圆半径乘以共轭圆心角的正切函数。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,其特征在于,所述直角三角形唯一确定根轴斜边长:节圆半径除以共轭圆心角的余弦函数;形状系数=2-(根轴斜边长-内圆弧极限轮廓半径)/节圆半径。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种具有内圆弧极限轮廓的易加工凸转子,其特征在于,所述共轭轮廓由配对转子上已确定的内圆弧极限轮廓通过彼此间的共轭关系唯一确定。
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