CN113930891A - 一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料及生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料及生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料及生产工艺,涉及面料领域,包括面料本体,所述面料本体包括50%‑60%的抗菌纱线和40%‑50%的弹力纱线,所述抗菌纱线的原料中包括聚酰胺和抗菌母粒,所述面料本体经编织造后形成有密布的网眼。所述抗菌母粒的原料中包括聚酰胺和纳米氧化锌,所述抗菌母粒通过将聚酰胺切片和纳米氧化锌粉熔融共混后挤出成型。本发明解决了抗菌不持久的问题,延长了面料的抗菌时间且提升了面料的抗菌和透气性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及面料领域,尤其是涉及一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料及生产工艺。
背景技术
面料运用于生活中的很多方面,随着生活水平的提升,在各个方面的要求也随之提高,进而对于面料也会追求更多的功能。
在一些内衣或特殊环境中的衣服上,会追求相应的抗菌功能,从而能够提升穿着过程中的抗菌效果。
而现有很多的抗菌面料是通过后整的方式来提升面料的抗菌性能,则会在面料的后整处理过程中加入抗菌助剂或者是在面料的表面涂覆抗菌层来达到该功能,但是这样的面料在反复洗涤和使用之后的抗菌性能下降较快。
发明内容
为了延长面料的抗菌性能,本申请提供一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料。
第一方面,本申请提供一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,采用如下的技术方案:
一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,包括面料本体,所述面料本体包括50%-60%的抗菌纱线和40%-50%的弹力纱线,所述抗菌纱线的原料中包括聚酰胺和抗菌母粒,所述面料本体经编织造后形成有密布的网眼。
通过采用上述技术方案,将具有抗菌性能的抗菌母粒添加在用于织造抗菌纱线的原料中,从而使用于织造面料的纱线就具有了相关的抗菌性能,则能延长面料整体的抗菌性能,并且也可以达到更好的抗菌效果。
可选的,所述抗菌母粒的原料中包括聚酰胺和纳米氧化锌,所述抗菌母粒通过将聚酰胺切片和纳米氧化锌粉熔融共混后挤出成型。
通过采用上述技术方案,使抗菌母粒在纺丝成型之后具备良好的强度,和同时具备锦纶的性能,并且使纳米氧化锌粉能够均匀的分布在纱线中,使最终织造完成的整块面料都能够具备良好的抗菌性。
可选的,所述面料本体的一侧复合有功能层,所述功能层包括纳米氧化锌粉、用于粘连纳米氧化锌粉的基体层。
通过采用上述技术方案,利用基体层,能够在光照射到纳米氧化锌粉表面时,在紫外线的作用下,纳米氧化锌会产生空穴电子对,电子和空穴分别从导带和价带迁移到氧化锌颗粒表面,表面吸附的水或羟基被转变成氢氧自由基,吸附的氧气转变成活性氧,氢氧自由基和活性氧具有极强的化学活性,能与大多数有机物发生反应从而杀死大多数细菌和病毒,从而同时也能具有良好的紫外线屏蔽性。
可选的,所述功能层还包括单元体,所述单元体包覆于纳米氧化锌粉外部,所述基体层将多个单元体进行连接。
通过采用上述技术方案,能够将纳米氧化锌粉起到更好的结合效果,使原本呈颗粒状的纳米氧化锌粉可以依靠单元体成型一个个粉团,并且被单元体进行包覆,减少粉粒后续的掉落,并且可以更好固化连接在基体层内,在面料本体外侧形成良好的功能层,既能起到抗菌效果,也能起到屏蔽紫外线的作用。
可选的,所述单元体由聚酯切片制成,所述基体层的材料为锦纶纤维。
通过采用上述技术方案,因为聚酯切片的熔点低于纳米氧化锌粉的熔点,在成型过程中,将温度加热至高于聚酯切片的熔点并小于纳米氧化锌的熔点,则可以将单元体和纳米氧化锌粉进行搅拌混合,使单元体将纳米氧化锌粉进行混合形成粉团,对纳米氧化锌起到一定的聚合包覆效果;并将单元体涂布到基体层表面,将温度设置为高于锦纶纤维的熔点并小于聚酯切片的熔点,此时,则可以将软化的锦纶纤维将多个单元体进行加固连接,形成更稳定的层结构。
可选的,所述弹力纱线的外部包覆有保护层,所述保护层由吸湿排汗纱线织造成型。
通过采用上述技术方案,能够对弹力纱线起到保护效果,并且因为吸湿排汗纱线的拉伸率影响,减少弹力纱线被过度拉伸的可能性,同时,利用吸湿排汗纱线能够弥补弹力纱线吸湿性差的问题,提升面料本体的透气性。
可选的,所述吸湿排汗纱线为内部具有导管的纱线。
通过采用上述技术方案,可以起到毛细效应,使吸湿排汗纱线能够更好的吸收挥发出的汗水。当吸湿排汗纱线内部的水分导出至另一侧面的功能层,可以使纳米氧化锌接触到水介质,而使纳米氧化锌在水介质中能够连续释放锌离子,锌离子会进入细胞膜,破坏细胞膜,在细胞内与蛋白质的某些基团反应时,破坏细菌和细胞中蛋白质的空间结构,导致细胞中的蛋白酶失活进而杀死细菌。
可选的,所述面料本体由第一梳栉、第二梳栉和第三梳栉三把梳栉编织而成,所述抗菌纱线作为第一梳栉和第二梳栉中的至少一个,所述弹力纱线作为第三梳栉,所述第一梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21,所述第二梳栉的组织结构为23/21/10/12,所述第三梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21。
通过采用上述技术方案,利用上述三把梳栉的组织结构使织造之后的面料本体具有密布的网眼,达到良好的透气效果,同时又具备良好的弹力和强度,在作为贴身内衣面料时能够更加舒适。
第二方面,本申请提供一种能够延长面料抗菌性能的锌抗菌弹力透气面料的生产工艺,采用如下的技术方案:
一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:步骤A:纺丝,将聚酰胺切片和抗菌母粒进行熔融纺丝成抗菌纱线;步骤B:织造,利用经编机的三把梳栉经编织造,第一梳栉和第二梳栉中至少一个为抗菌锦纶纱线,第三梳栉为弹力纱线,第一梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21//穿1空1,所述第二梳栉的组织结构为23/21/10/12//穿1空1,所述第三梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21//满穿;步骤C:染整,对步骤B中织造之后的面料本体进行染色定型;步骤D:复合,将功能层复合至步骤C染整之后的面料本体的一侧。
通过采用上述技术方案,可以织造成型出具备抗菌性能且透气性良好的面料,锦纶具备良好的亲肤性,以及柔软的手感,提升了穿着的舒适性。
可选的,所述功能层的制备过程包括如下步骤:步骤S1:加热混合,将聚酯切片和纳米氧化锌粉进行搅拌混合,并且将温度加热到252 ℃-265℃使聚酯切片熔融,并和纳米氧化锌粉进行混合;步骤S2:基体层成型,将锦纶纤维铺设成一平面,并将步骤S1中混合的聚酯切片和纳米氧化锌粉混合料涂布到锦纶纤维层的表面,将温度调整到223℃-228℃,使混合的聚酯切片和纳米氧化锌粉以及锦纶纤维层进行加固连接。
通过采用上述技术方案,使熔融的聚酯切片能够将纳米氧化锌粉包裹成型,可以直接保留纳米氧化锌粉而起到更好的抗菌和屏蔽紫外线的作用,并同时将粉粒进行包裹结合,形成粉团,可以降低掉粉的概率;并将混合的浆料涂布到锦纶纤维层表面后,将温度调整到锦纶纤维能够熔融的温度,进而使熔融的锦纶纤维能够对所涂布的已成型的单元体之间起到连接效果,并可进一步起到包裹作用,而使涂布的单元体能够连接更加紧密稳定。
综上所述,结合抗菌纱线和功能层,能够提升面料本体的抗菌性能,且延长其抗菌的时间,并且在吸湿排汗纱线和功能层的接触下,可更好的发挥纳米氧化锌粉的效果,同时结合织造的组织结构,提升透气性。
附图说明
图1是本实施例一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料的结构示意图。
图2是本实施例一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料中的GB1的组织结构图。
图3是本实施例一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料中的GB2的组织结构图。
图4是本实施例一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料中的GB3的组织结构图。
图5是本实施例一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料的组织结构图。
图6是本实施例一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料的弹力纱线的剖面图。
附图标记说明:
1、抗菌纱线;2、弹力纱线;3、保护层;4、面料本体;5、功能层;51、基体层;52、单元体。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本申请作进一步详细说明。
本申请实施例公开一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料。
实施例1:
一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,参照图1所示,包括面料本体4,面料本体4为经编面料,面料本体4由GB1、GB2和GB3三把梳栉编织而成,GB1为第一梳栉、GB2为第二梳栉、GB3为第三梳栉。
参照图2所示,第一梳栉和第二梳栉均为抗菌纱线1,该抗菌纱线1的规格为40D/37F,且抗菌纱线1占比50%-60%,本实施例为60%,抗菌纱线1的原料中包括以重量份计的60份聚酰胺切片和10份抗菌母粒,该聚酰胺切片则为尼龙6切片。抗菌母粒包括以重量份计的30份聚酰胺、10份纳米氧化锌、2份三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯,该聚酰胺也为尼龙6切片,在制备过程中将聚酰胺切片、纳米氧化锌粉、三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯在双螺杆挤出机中共混造粒,制得抗菌母粒,然后再将聚酰胺切片、抗菌母粒、丙烯酸乙酯、乙酸乙烯、表面活性剂混合均匀,并加热成熔融状态,加入表面活性剂混匀,从喷丝板中挤出形成抗菌纱线1。
参照图4所示,第三梳栉包括弹力纱线2,弹力纱线2选用氨纶,且占比40%-50%,本实施例为40%。
在织造过程中,选用经编机进行织造,参照图2所示,并且第一梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21//穿1空1,10/12/23/21为垫纱数码,穿1空1为穿线方式。参照图3所示,第二梳栉的组织结构为23/21/10/12//穿1空1,23/21/10/12为垫纱数码,穿1空1为穿线方式。参照图4所示,第三梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21//满穿,10/12/23/21为垫纱数码,满穿为穿线方式。参照图5所示,通过上述组织结构,使面料本体4在织造成型之后会具有密布的网眼,从而能够具备良好的透气性。
编织面料本体时,按以下运动方式编织:参照图1所示,GB1从针间1摆入、针间0摆出,从而形成第一个线圈横列;接着,GB1从针间1摆入、针间2摆出,从而形成第二个线圈横列;再,GB1从针间2摆入、针间3摆出,从而形成第三个线圈横列;之后,GB1从针间2摆入、针间1摆出,从而形成第四个线圈横列,然后GB1再次从针间1摆入,从而启动下一个组织的编织,如此连续地进行循环编织。参照图2所示,GB2的运动方式与GB1的方向相反,穿线方式为穿1空1,GB2从针间2摆入、针间3摆出,从而形成第一个线圈横列;接着,GB2从针间2摆入、针间1摆出,从而形成第二个线圈横列;再,GB2从针间1摆入、针间0摆出,从而形成第三个线圈横列;之后,GB2从针间1摆入、针间2摆出,从而形成第四个线圈横列,然后GB2再次从针间2摆入,从而启动下一个组织的编织,如此连续地进行循环编织。参照图3所示,GB3与GB1的运动方式与GB1相同,穿线方式为满穿,从从针间1摆入、针间0摆出,从而形成第一个线圈横列;接着,GB3从针间1摆入、针间2摆出,从而形成第二个线圈横列;再,GB3从针间2摆入、针间3摆出,从而形成第三个线圈横列;之后,GB3从针间2摆入、针间1摆出,从而形成第四个线圈横列,然后GB3再次从针间1摆入,从而启动下一个组织的编织,如此连续地进行循环编织。
实施例2:
一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,与实施例1的不同之处在于,参照图1所示,在面料本体4的一侧面复合有功能层5,功能层5包括基体层51,基体层51由锦纶纤维加固成型。为了能够提升抗菌性能和抗紫外线的能力,功能层5还包括单元体52,单元体52包覆有纳米氧化锌粉,单元体52的材料为聚酯切片,在成型过程中,将聚酯切片和纳米氧化锌粉进行搅拌混合,并将温度提升至高于聚酯切片的熔点,温度为265 ℃,在该温度下,聚酯切片达到熔融状态,而纳米氧化锌粉仍然为粉体状,在搅拌混合过程中,熔融的聚酯切片会将纳米氧化锌粉进行包裹并形成粉团,之后再将混合的纳米氧化锌粉和聚酯涂布到基体层51的一侧表面或上下表面,并在涂布完成后,将温度调整至228℃,在该温度下基体层51的锦纶会达到熔融状态,而单元体52则逐渐冷却形成固体,并在热风的作用下,基体层51会和单元体52起到更好的加固连接。同时,单元体52的材料和基体层51的材料可根据实际情况进行选择,依据单元体52材料的熔点低于纳米氧化锌的熔点,基体层51材料的熔点低于单元体52材料的熔点,从而能够提升功能层5结构的强度。
参照图6所示,并且为了提升弹力纱线2的使用性能,在弹力纱线2的外部包覆有保护层3,保护层3由吸湿排汗纱线织造成型,使保护层3和弹力纱线2形成包芯纱结构,可由包纱编织机织造成型。其中吸湿排汗纱线为内部具有导管的纱线,则导管是中空纤维,包覆于导管外部的纱线是具有异形截面的纤维,可选用coolmax纤维,topcool纤维等,使吸湿排汗纱线也形成包芯纱结构。在面料本体4成型之后,吸湿排汗纱线接触于功能层5的单元体52和基体层51,从而能够形成良好的吸湿排汗效果。
对本实施例进行抗菌性能试验,按照FZ/T73023-2006标准要求测试。
表1 实施例2的抗菌测试参数
测试微生物 | 标准空白试样“0”接触时间的活菌浓度(cfu/ml) | 18h振荡后标准空白试样的活菌浓度(cfu/ml) | 18h振荡接触后抗菌织物试样的活菌浓度(cfu/ml) | 抑菌率(%) | 标准值(%) | 单向判定 |
大肠杆菌 | 2.5*10<sup>4</sup> | 2.5*10<sup>7</sup> | 2.6*10<sup>5</sup> | 99 | ≥70 | 抗菌效果符合AAA级 |
金黄色葡萄球菌 | 2.6*10<sup>4</sup> | 7.9*10<sup>6</sup> | 2.3*10<sup>4</sup> | 99 | ≥80 | 抗菌效果符合AAA级 |
白色念珠菌 | 2.0*10<sup>4</sup> | 1.3*10<sup>6</sup> | 6.3*10<sup>3</sup> | 99 | ≥60 | 抗菌效果符合AAA级 |
实施例3:
一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,与实施例2的不同之处在于,参照图1所示,单元体52在成型过程中,将乳化剂、丙烯酸酯、苯乙烯和纳米氧化锌粉进行混合,并升高温度至70℃,再滴加引发剂,使物质反应2小时,等反应完成后,将反应之后的固体和液体通过过滤的方式进行分离,再将固体进行烘干,则得到外表面包覆有外层的纳米氧化锌粉微球体结构,之后,再将熔融的聚酯切片滴落涂覆在多个单元体52外部起到更稳固的连接作用。
本申请实施例还公开一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤A:纺丝,将以重量份计的60份聚酰胺切片和10份抗菌母粒熔融纺丝制成抗菌纱线1。
步骤B:织造,利用经编机的三把梳栉经编织造,第一梳栉和第二梳栉为抗菌纱线1,第三梳栉为包覆有吸湿排汗纱线的弹力纱线2,第一梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21//穿1空1,第二梳栉的组织结构为23/21/10/12//穿1空1,第三梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21//满穿。
步骤C:染整,对步骤B中织造之后的面料进行染色定型,染整过程包括步骤C1:洗炼;步骤C2:预定型;步骤C3:染色;步骤C4:成品定型。
步骤D:复合,将步骤C中染整之后的面料本体4的其中一侧或两侧通过热熔、火焰或胶粘的方式复合功能层5,功能层5的制备过程包括如下步骤:步骤S1:加热混合,将聚酯切片和纳米氧化锌粉进行搅拌混合形成单元体52,并将温度提升至265℃,该温度高于聚酯切片的熔点而低于纳米氧化锌的熔点,并持续搅拌30min-1h;步骤S2:基体层51成型,将锦纶纤维均匀铺设成一平面至网板上,并将步骤S1中混合的单元体52涂布至基体层51的表面,并将温度调整至高于锦纶纤维熔点的228℃,并通过对准基体层51表面的热风使单元体52和锦纶纤维实现加固连接。
以上均为本申请的较佳实施例,并非依此限制本申请的保护范围,故:凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化,均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,包括面料本体(4),其特征在于:所述面料本体(4)包括50%-60%的抗菌纱线(1)和40%-50%的弹力纱线(2),所述抗菌纱线(1)的原料中包括聚酰胺和抗菌母粒,所述面料本体(4)经编织造后形成有密布的网眼。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,其特征在于:所述抗菌母粒的原料中包括聚酰胺和纳米氧化锌,所述抗菌母粒通过将聚酰胺切片和纳米氧化锌粉熔融共混后挤出成型。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,其特征在于:所述面料本体(4)的一侧复合有功能层(5),所述功能层(5)包括纳米氧化锌粉、用于粘连纳米氧化锌粉的基体层(51)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,其特征在于:所述功能层(5)还包括单元体(52),所述单元体(52)包覆于纳米氧化锌粉外部,所述基体层(51)将多个单元体(52)进行连接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,其特征在于:所述单元体(52)由聚酯切片制成,所述基体层(51)的材料为锦纶纤维。
6.根据权利要求1或4所述的一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,其特征在于:所述弹力纱线(2)的外部包覆有保护层(3),所述保护层(3)由吸湿排汗纱线织造成型。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,其特征在于:所述吸湿排汗纱线为内部具有导管的纱线。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,其特征在于:所述面料本体(4)由第一梳栉、第二梳栉和第三梳栉三把梳栉编织而成,所述抗菌纱线(1)作为第一梳栉和第二梳栉中的至少一个,所述弹力纱线(2)作为第三梳栉,所述第一梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21,所述第二梳栉的组织结构为23/21/10/12,所述第三梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21。
9.一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料的生产工艺,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:步骤A:纺丝,将聚酰胺切片和抗菌母粒进行熔融纺丝成抗菌纱线(1);
步骤B:织造,利用经编机的三把梳栉经编织造,第一梳栉和第二梳栉中至少一个为抗菌锦纶纱线,第三梳栉为弹力纱线(2),第一梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21//穿1空1,所述第二梳栉的组织结构为23/21/10/12//穿1空1,所述第三梳栉的组织结构为10/12/23/21//满穿;
步骤C:染整,对步骤B中织造之后的面料本体(4)进行染色定型;
步骤D:复合,将功能层(5)复合至步骤C染整之后的面料本体(4)的一侧。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种锌抗菌弹力透气面料,其特征在于:所述功能层(5)的制备过程包括如下步骤:步骤S1:加热混合,将聚酯切片和纳米氧化锌粉进行搅拌混合,并且将温度加热到252 ℃-265℃使聚酯切片熔融,并和纳米氧化锌粉进行混合;步骤S2:基体层(51)成型,将锦纶纤维铺设成一平面,并将步骤S1中混合的聚酯切片和纳米氧化锌粉混合料涂布到锦纶纤维层的表面,将温度调整到223℃-228℃,使混合的聚酯切片和纳米氧化锌粉以及锦纶纤维层进行加固连接。
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