CN113930081A - Preparation method of hypha-filled composite building block for building - Google Patents
Preparation method of hypha-filled composite building block for building Download PDFInfo
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- CN113930081A CN113930081A CN202111439914.4A CN202111439914A CN113930081A CN 113930081 A CN113930081 A CN 113930081A CN 202111439914 A CN202111439914 A CN 202111439914A CN 113930081 A CN113930081 A CN 113930081A
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- test piece
- hypha
- building block
- composite building
- culturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
Abstract
The invention discloses a production process for filling hypha composite building blocks into buildings, which is characterized by comprising the steps of environmental disinfection, composite material, placing culture, pressing culture, drying inactivation and the like; the material is edible fungus bran, sand and starch are used as main raw materials, other chemical reagents and energy-consuming materials are not added in the whole process of the life period of the material, and the material can be formed only by culturing at proper temperature and humidity. The performance index of the hypha brick obtained after the material is molded reaches the strength standard of the building block, and the hypha brick is a better substitute for the existing building block.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological polymer material compounding, in particular to a preparation method of a hypha-filled composite building block for buildings, which takes edible fungus waste bags as raw materials.
Background
The traditional building filling materials all have certain disadvantages; in the aspect of energy conservation and environmental protection, a large amount of energy is consumed for producing cement and clay bricks, and the discharge of three wastes is accompanied, so that the living environment is polluted, and the health of a human body is harmed; in the aspect of functionality, many existing filling materials are single in function, the structural property, the heat preservation property and the energy saving property are not coordinated, and the existing emerging materials cannot well replace traditional materials; therefore, the hypha filled composite building block can solve the problems of energy consumption, single function and the like of the existing filling material, and the hypha composite material has great development potential and use value in the building industry.
Fungal hyphae have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their unique properties; in the aspect of environmental protection, the fungal mycelium is used for degrading pollutants, so that a new way for solving the problem of sewage treatment can be provided; in the aspect of molding, the fungus mycelium is used for preparing the composite material, and the molding process is pure biological, pollution-free and easy to degrade; in terms of performance, the hypha composite material has the properties of flame retardancy, light weight and hydrophobicity, and has certain tensile strength and compressive strength.
The existing hypha composite material can be used as a heat insulation material, a sound insulation material, a packaging material and the like, but the material is formed by compounding hypha and a material with lower strength, so that the material is difficult to be applied to the aspect of building filling materials, and if the material is compounded with a material with higher strength, the molding time is longer, and the strength can not meet the requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of the hypha filling composite building block for buildings; the problems of large energy consumption, small block, low construction efficiency, large self-weight of the masonry, poor shock resistance and the like of the conventional building block are solved.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the hypha-filled composite building block for the building is characterized by comprising the following process steps of:
a, sterilizing the environment: firstly, spraying alcohol to a culture room for disinfection, and then sterilizing for 1-3h by using ultraviolet rays;
b, composite material: screening the sand and stone into different grades and sterilizing for later use, wherein the preparation mass ratio is starch: water = 1:1, fully stirring and infiltrating the sterilized sandstone and the starch aqueous solution; crushing the waste edible fungus bags, uniformly mixing with the soaked sand stones, and filling into a mold for compaction;
c, placing and culturing: placing the test piece compacted and leveled in the step into a test environment for culturing;
d, performing press culture: after the test piece is cultured for 7-15 days, taking out the test piece from the mold, applying pressure to compress and deform the test piece, and continuously culturing the test piece in a test environment for 7-15 days;
e, drying and inactivating: stopping culturing mycelia in the test piece before fruiting, putting the test piece into an oven for drying, inactivating at high temperature, and finally sealing the test piece with paint.
Preferably, the edible fungus waste bag in the step b refers to waste fungus chaff in the production process of edible fungi; the waste edible fungus bag is oyster mushroom or ganoderma lucidum.
Preferably, the sand in step b is sand with different grades and the particle size of 1-10 mm.
Preferably, the test environment in step c is at a temperature of 18-30 ℃ and a humidity of 60% -70%, and the culture is carried out in the dark.
Preferably, the step d of applying pressure to make the test piece deform in a compression mode means that deformation of four vertical surfaces of the test piece is limited during pressing, and pressure is applied to the upper plane and the lower plane simultaneously to make the vertical deformation amount of the test piece be 10% -30%.
Preferably, the drying in the step e is to use an oven to dry and inactivate the test piece, wherein the temperature is 121 ℃, and the test piece is dried until the water content of the test piece is below 5%.
Preferably, the step e of sealing the test piece means that the surface of the molded test piece is coated and sealed by using an interface agent to isolate moisture and air of the external environment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the material utilizes waste edible fungus bags in agricultural production, uses sand and a small amount of starch as main raw materials, has no chemical reagent in the whole process of the life period of the material, does not produce pollution, does not need to be doped with other energy-consuming materials, and only needs room-temperature culture; 2. the sand stone with higher strength is used as a framework, so that the strength of the hypha composite material is enhanced; 3. the hypha brick obtained after the material is molded can be used as a filling material and is a better substitute for the building block at present.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a waste bag for edible fungi of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a blend material fill mold of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a blend material fill mold of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a picture of the invention after a pressure test;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the fabrication of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding and practice, the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Embodiment 1, a method for preparing a hypha-filled composite building block for construction, comprising the following process steps: taking 80 parts of oyster mushroom waste fungus bags, 20 parts of sandstone and 20 parts of starch water solution, wherein each part is 5 g;
1. and (3) environmental disinfection: firstly, spraying alcohol to a culture room for disinfection, and then sterilizing for 1-3h by using ultraviolet rays;
2. the composite material comprises the following components: smashing oyster mushroom waste fungus bags and then placing the smashed oyster mushroom waste fungus bags on a tray; screening the sand and stone into different grades, wherein the particle size of the sand and stone is 1-10mm, and sterilizing for later use; the preparation mass ratio is starch: water = 1:1, fully stirring and infiltrating the sterilized sandstone and the starch aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 1; mixing the crushed fungus bags and the soaked gravels in a mass ratio of 4:1, uniformly mixing, filling the mixed admixture into a mold, compacting by squeezing;
3. culturing: culturing the prepared admixture in a laboratory environment at the temperature of 18-30 ℃ and the humidity of 60-70% for 15 days in a dark and sterile condition;
4. pressing and re-culturing: on the fifteenth day, the material is demolded and taken out, deformation of four vertical surfaces of the test piece is limited during pressing, pressure is applied to the upper plane and the lower plane simultaneously to enable the vertical deformation amount of the test piece to be 10% -30%, and the test piece is continuously placed in the environment for culturing for 7-15 days after pressing;
5. drying and inactivating: and (3) moving the whole test piece out of the culture chamber when hyphae grow to fill the inside of the test piece, putting the test piece into an oven for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 121 ℃, drying until the water content is below 5%, stopping drying, inactivating the dried test piece at high temperature, and finally coating an interface agent on the surface of the test piece to isolate external moisture and air, so as to avoid the test piece from being degraded by moisture, and thus obtaining the hypha composite building filling brick material.
Embodiment 2, a method for preparing a hypha-filled composite building block for construction, comprising the following process steps: taking 80 parts of ganoderma lucidum waste fungus bags, 20 parts of sandstone and 20 parts of starch water solution, wherein each part is 5 g;
1. and (3) environmental disinfection: firstly, spraying alcohol to a culture room for disinfection, and then sterilizing for 1-3h by using ultraviolet rays;
2. the composite material comprises the following components: smashing oyster mushroom waste fungus bags and then placing the smashed oyster mushroom waste fungus bags on a tray; screening the sand and stone into different grades, wherein the particle size of the sand and stone is 1-10mm, and sterilizing for later use; the preparation mass ratio is starch: water = 1:1, fully stirring and infiltrating the sterilized sandstone and the starch aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 1; mixing the crushed fungus bags and the soaked gravels in a mass ratio of 4:1, uniformly mixing, filling the mixed admixture into a mold, compacting by squeezing;
3. culturing: culturing the prepared admixture in a laboratory environment at the temperature of 18-30 ℃ and the humidity of 60-70% for 15 days in a dark and sterile condition;
4. pressing and re-culturing: on the fifteenth day, the material is demolded and taken out, deformation of four vertical surfaces of the test piece is limited during pressing, pressure is applied to the upper plane and the lower plane simultaneously to enable the vertical deformation amount of the test piece to be 10% -30%, and the test piece is continuously placed in the environment for culturing for 7-15 days after pressing;
5. drying and inactivating: and (3) moving the whole test piece out of the culture chamber when hyphae grow to fill the inside of the test piece, putting the test piece into an oven for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 121 ℃, drying until the water content is below 5%, stopping drying, inactivating the dried test piece at high temperature, and finally coating an interface agent on the surface of the test piece to isolate external moisture and air, so as to avoid the test piece from being degraded by moisture, and thus obtaining the hypha composite building filling brick material.
Embodiment 3, a method for preparing a hypha-filled composite building block for construction, comprising the following process steps: taking 60 parts of oyster mushroom waste fungus bags, 20 parts of sandstone and 20 parts of starch water solution, wherein each part is 5 g;
1. and (3) environmental disinfection: firstly, spraying alcohol to a culture room for disinfection, and then sterilizing for 1-3h by using ultraviolet rays;
2. the composite material comprises the following components: smashing oyster mushroom waste fungus bags and then placing the smashed oyster mushroom waste fungus bags on a tray; screening the sand and stone into different grades, wherein the particle size of the sand and stone is 1-10mm, and sterilizing for later use; the preparation mass ratio is starch: water = 1:1, fully stirring and infiltrating the sterilized sandstone and the starch aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 1; mixing the crushed fungus bags and the soaked gravels in a mass ratio of 3:1, uniformly mixing, filling the mixed admixture into a mold, compacting by squeezing;
3. culturing: culturing the prepared admixture in a laboratory environment at the temperature of 18-30 ℃ and the humidity of 60-70% for 15 days in a dark and sterile condition;
4. pressing and re-culturing: on the fifteenth day, the material is demolded and taken out, deformation of four vertical surfaces of the test piece is limited during pressing, pressure is applied to the upper plane and the lower plane simultaneously to enable the vertical deformation amount of the test piece to be 10% -30%, and the test piece is continuously placed in the environment for culturing for 7-15 days after pressing;
5. drying and inactivating: and (3) moving the whole test piece out of the culture chamber when hyphae grow to fill the inside of the test piece, putting the test piece into an oven for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 121 ℃, drying until the water content is below 5%, stopping drying, inactivating the dried test piece at high temperature, and finally coating an interface agent on the surface of the test piece to isolate external moisture and air, so as to avoid the test piece from being degraded by moisture, and thus obtaining the hypha composite building filling brick material.
Embodiment 4, a method for preparing a hypha-filled composite building block for construction, comprising the following process steps: taking 60 parts of ganoderma lucidum waste fungus bags, 20 parts of sandstone and 20 parts of starch water solution, wherein each part is 5 g;
1. and (3) environmental disinfection: firstly, spraying alcohol to a culture room for disinfection, and then sterilizing for 1-3h by using ultraviolet rays;
2. the composite material comprises the following components: smashing oyster mushroom waste fungus bags and then placing the smashed oyster mushroom waste fungus bags on a tray; screening the sand and stone into different grades, wherein the particle size of the sand and stone is 1-10mm, and sterilizing for later use; the preparation mass ratio is starch: water = 1:1, fully stirring and infiltrating the sterilized sandstone and the starch aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 1; mixing the crushed fungus bags and the soaked gravels in a mass ratio of 3:1, uniformly mixing, filling the mixed admixture into a mold, compacting by squeezing;
3. culturing: culturing the prepared admixture in a laboratory environment at the temperature of 18-30 ℃ and the humidity of 60-70% for 15 days in a dark and sterile condition;
4. pressing and re-culturing: on the fifteenth day, the material is demolded and taken out, deformation of four vertical surfaces of the test piece is limited during pressing, pressure is applied to the upper plane and the lower plane simultaneously to enable the vertical deformation amount of the test piece to be 10% -30%, and the test piece is continuously placed in the environment for culturing for 7-15 days after pressing;
5. drying and inactivating: and (3) moving the whole test piece out of the culture chamber when hyphae grow to fill the inside of the test piece, putting the test piece into an oven for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 121 ℃, drying until the water content is below 5%, stopping drying, inactivating the dried test piece at high temperature, and finally coating an interface agent on the surface of the test piece to isolate external moisture and air, so as to avoid the test piece from being degraded by moisture, and thus obtaining the hypha composite building filling brick material.
The invention is prepared by taking edible fungus chaff as a binder and taking sand and starch as main raw materials to mix and culture; the building block can be formed by culturing at proper temperature and humidity without adding other chemical reagents and energy-consuming materials in the life period of the material, and is a better substitute for the prior building block.
It should be understood that technical features not described in detail in the specification belong to the prior art. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of the hypha-filled composite building block for buildings is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
a, sterilizing the environment: firstly, spraying alcohol to a culture room for disinfection, and then sterilizing for 1-3h by using ultraviolet rays;
b, composite material: screening the sand and stone into different grades and sterilizing for later use, wherein the preparation mass ratio is starch: water = 1:1, fully stirring and infiltrating the sterilized sandstone and the starch aqueous solution; crushing the waste edible fungus bags, uniformly mixing with the soaked sand stones, and filling into a mold for compaction;
c, placing and culturing: placing the test piece compacted and leveled in the step into a test environment for culturing;
d, performing press culture: after the test piece is cultured for 7-15 days, taking out the test piece from the mold, applying pressure to compress and deform the test piece, and continuously culturing the test piece in a test environment for 7-15 days;
e, drying and inactivating: stopping culturing mycelia in the test piece before fruiting, putting the test piece into an oven for drying, inactivating at high temperature, and finally sealing the test piece with paint.
2. The method for preparing the hypha-filled composite building block for construction according to claim 1, wherein the waste edible fungus bag in step b is waste fungus chaff in the production process of edible fungi.
3. The preparation method of the hypha composite building block for building filling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the waste edible fungus bag is oyster mushroom or ganoderma lucidum.
4. The method for preparing the hypha-filled composite building block for construction according to claim 1, wherein the sand in step b is sand with different grades and particle size of 1-10 mm.
5. The preparation method of the hypha filling composite building block for the building according to claim 1, wherein the test environment in the step c is culture at a temperature of 18-30 ℃ and a humidity of 60% -70% in a dark place.
6. The method for preparing the hypha-filled composite building block for construction according to claim 1, wherein the step d of applying pressure to cause compression deformation means that deformation of four vertical surfaces of a test piece is limited during pressing, and pressure is applied to the upper plane and the lower plane simultaneously to cause the vertical deformation to be 10-30%.
7. The preparation method of the hypha composite building block for filling buildings according to claim 1, wherein the drying in the step e is to use an oven to dry and inactivate the test piece at 121 ℃ until the water content of the test piece is below 5%.
8. The method for preparing the hypha-filled composite building block for construction according to claim 1, wherein the test piece sealing in the step e is that the surface of the formed test piece is coated and sealed by using an interface agent to isolate moisture and air of the external environment.
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Application publication date: 20220114 |