CN113929503A - Harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for kitchen waste - Google Patents
Harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of treatment methods of kitchen waste, in particular to a harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method of kitchen waste, aiming at the problems that the current treatment measures of the kitchen waste are not complete enough, the technical level is not advanced enough, the related laws and regulations are not perfect enough, and the generation speed of the kitchen waste is far higher than the treatment speed, the invention provides the following scheme, which comprises the following steps: s1: collection of kitchen waste, S2: kitchen waste classification, S3: kitchen waste treatment, S4: the invention aims to classify collected kitchen waste and inspect the classified kitchen waste after the waste is crushed, so that the waste is more carefully and completely treated, bacterial breeding caused by mixing of various types of waste is avoided, whether the kitchen waste is completely disinfected or not is detected by sampling by a professional, normal operation of subsequent conversion is ensured, and complete fermentation of the kitchen waste is ensured by real-time temperature monitoring and manual real-time observation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of treatment methods of kitchen waste, in particular to a harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method of kitchen waste.
Background
Nowadays, with the rapid development of the economy of China, the development of the catering industry is very rapid. China, as a large population country with about 14 hundred million people, accounts for about 26 percent of the total population of the world, and the dietary habits of Chinese people are special, so that a great proportion of kitchen waste generated every day in household waste is great. The big data of the take-out type APP issued by how hungry shows that the scale of the Chinese online catering take-out users in 2018 reaches 3.46 hundred million people, the permeability of the take-out users is estimated to reach 80% 2020, and the scale of the users reaches 6 hundred million. Various data show that the catering industry in the society develops rapidly at present, and meanwhile, a large amount of kitchen waste is generated. In terms of the current development situation, the current treatment measures of the kitchen waste are not complete enough, the technical level is not advanced enough, the related laws and regulations are not perfect enough, and the generation speed of the kitchen waste is far higher than the treatment speed, so that the collection and treatment of the kitchen waste are one of the problems which are urgently needed to be solved in the current society.
The harmless disposal and the resource comprehensive utilization of the kitchen waste are the environmental management practices which carry out the green development concept, are also the important contents of the urban comprehensive management and the public service, and are a civil engineering which benefits common people. Therefore, a harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for the kitchen waste is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the current treatment measures of the kitchen waste are not complete enough, the technical level is not advanced enough, the related laws and regulations are not perfect enough, the generation speed of the kitchen waste is far higher than the treatment speed, and the like, and provides a harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for the kitchen waste.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method of the kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting kitchen waste: preliminarily classifying the kitchen waste and carrying out centralized transportation;
s2: classifying the kitchen waste: manually classifying and checking the obtained kitchen waste;
s3: treating the kitchen waste: sterilizing the classified kitchen waste, and crushing the sterilized kitchen waste;
s4: dry thermal hydrolysis bioconversion: adopting dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation technology to reprocess the processed kitchen garbage;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: monitoring the temperature of the kitchen waste during conversion in real time through a temperature monitor, and observing the fermentation process in real time through manual observation;
s6: testing and checking: carrying out biological inspection on the converted kitchen waste to judge whether the conversion is effective or not;
s7: and (3) fermentation post-treatment: treating the kitchen waste after complete fermentation;
preferably, in S1, the kitchen waste is collected through a restaurant, the environment needs to be maintained airtight during the collection process, the collection staff wear sterile clothes and perform sterile treatment on the collection tool during the collection process, the collected kitchen waste is transported by a special kitchen waste collection vehicle, the collected kitchen waste is manually and mechanically sorted before being transported, the recoverable waste and the waste rich in organic matters are collected, the unrecoverable inorganic matters are subjected to sanitary landfill treatment, the rest kitchen waste rich in organic matters is crushed by a crusher and then enters an extrusion dehydrator, the extrusion dehydrator separates most of liquid in the crushed kitchen waste, the separated solid and zymophyte are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the separated liquid is discharged into a municipal pipe network for subsequent treatment;
preferably, in S2, the obtained kitchen waste is classified manually, where the classification requires that national waste classification standards be implemented, and after the classification, professional waste classifiers perform comprehensive inspection and correctly classify the kitchen waste with the wrong classification;
preferably, in S3, the classified kitchen waste is disinfected and deodorized according to classification, wherein an ultraviolet disinfection lamp is used for disinfection, an ozone disinfection machine is used for deodorization and disinfection, a professional must operate the kitchen waste during use, sampling detection needs to be performed by the professional during operation, and whether the kitchen waste is completely disinfected is detected;
preferably, in S4, the kitchen waste after being crushed is dehydrated, the dehydrated kitchen waste is conveyed into a lifting hopper of a fermentation device through a loader, the material is put into a cabin of the fermentation device through the lifting hopper for fermentation, fermentation enzymes are added, oxygen is provided by a blower after the fermentation process begins, a uniform turnover device is arranged in the cabin of the fermentation device to uniformly turn over the material, the fermentation effect of the material is improved, meanwhile, the device is provided with a deodorization device to intensively collect odor generated in the fermentation process, and the waste gas is treated through water washing and biological deodorization, so that the standard emission of the gas is realized, and secondary pollution is avoided;
preferably, in S5, before fermentation, a temperature monitor is disposed inside the chamber of the fermentation equipment, an electronic screen is connected outside the fermentation equipment bin body to display the fermentation temperature data in the fermentation equipment bin body in real time, the fermentation is carried out by manual work through the electronic screen in real time and the real-time temperature data is used for judgment, wherein the fermentation temperature within 35-60 deg.C is determined as normal fermentation temperature, the fermentation temperature not within 35-60 deg.C is determined as abnormal fermentation temperature, and the abnormal fermentation temperature is reported immediately and adjusted by professional, meanwhile, manually recording fermentation temperature data every half an hour, and manually observing the fermentation process in real time until the kitchen waste is observed to be powdery after being subjected to oxygen fermentation and the powdery state is maintained for more than one minute, and stopping fermentation;
preferably, in S6, after fermentation, a professional detects through a test whether the fermented kitchen waste is harmful, wherein random sampling detection is adopted during detection, and the ratio of the detection volume to the fermentation volume is 1: 100, judging whether the conversion is complete or not according to the detection result, wherein the raw material which is judged to be not converted completely needs to be used as a raw material for secondary conversion;
preferably, in S7, the volume ratio of the kitchen waste determined to be completely converted to the poultry manure is 1: 1, uniformly stirring, and using the stirred slow mixture as an organic fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the kitchen waste collected is classified and inspected after the garbage is crushed, so that the garbage is more carefully and completely treated, and the bacterial breeding caused by mixing of various garbage is avoided.
2. Whether the kitchen waste is completely disinfected or not is detected by sampling by professional personnel, so that the normal operation of subsequent conversion is ensured.
3. The complete fermentation of the kitchen waste is guaranteed through real-time temperature monitoring and manual real-time observation, and the kitchen waste after fermentation is used as a fertilizer to enable the kitchen waste to be well treated.
The invention aims to classify the collected kitchen waste and inspect the kitchen waste after the waste is crushed, so that the waste is more carefully and completely treated, the bacterial breeding caused by mixing of various types of waste is avoided, whether the kitchen waste is completely disinfected or not is detected by sampling by a professional, the normal running of subsequent conversion is ensured, the complete fermentation of the kitchen waste is ensured by real-time temperature monitoring and manual real-time observation, and the kitchen waste after fermentation is used as a fertilizer to be well treated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for kitchen waste.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for the kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting kitchen waste: collecting kitchen waste through a restaurant, wherein the environment is required to be kept airtight in the collection process, collecting personnel wear sterile clothes and carry out sterile treatment on a collecting tool when collecting the kitchen waste, the collected kitchen waste is transported by a special kitchen waste collecting vehicle, the collected kitchen waste is manually and mechanically sorted before being transported, recoverable waste and waste rich in organic matters are collected, non-recoverable inorganic matters are subjected to sanitary landfill treatment, the rest kitchen waste rich in the organic matters is crushed by a crusher and then enters an extrusion dehydrator, the extrusion dehydrator separates most of liquid in the crushed kitchen waste, the separated solid and zymophyte are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the separated liquid is discharged into a municipal pipe network for subsequent treatment;
s2: classifying the kitchen waste: manually classifying the obtained kitchen waste, wherein the classification requires the execution of national waste classification standards, and after the classification, professional waste classification personnel comprehensively check the kitchen waste and correctly classify the kitchen waste with wrong classification;
s3: treating the kitchen waste: the classified kitchen waste is disinfected and deodorized according to classification, wherein an ultraviolet disinfection lamp is used for disinfection, an ozone disinfection machine is used for deodorization and disinfection, a professional must operate the kitchen waste when the kitchen waste is used, sampling detection needs to be carried out by the professional during operation, and whether the kitchen waste is completely disinfected or not is detected;
s4: dry thermal hydrolysis bioconversion: dehydrating the smashed kitchen waste, conveying the dehydrated kitchen waste into a lifting hopper of fermentation equipment through a loader, putting materials into a cabin body of the fermentation equipment through the lifting hopper for fermentation, adding fermentation enzyme, providing oxygen through a blower after the fermentation process starts, uniformly turning the materials through a uniformly turning device arranged in the cabin body of the fermentation equipment, improving the fermentation effect of the materials, meanwhile, the equipment is provided with a deodorization device, intensively collecting odor generated in the fermentation process, and treating waste gas through water washing and biological deodorization, so that the standard reaching emission of gas is realized, and secondary pollution is avoided;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: before fermentation, a temperature monitor is arranged in the fermentation equipment bin body, an electronic screen is connected to the outside of the fermentation equipment bin body to display fermentation temperature data in the fermentation equipment bin body in real time, and during fermentation, the electronic screen is used for carrying out real-time observation manually and judging according to the real-time temperature data, wherein the fermentation temperature is judged to be normal fermentation temperature within 35-60 ℃, the fermentation temperature is judged to be abnormal within 35-60 ℃, the fermentation temperature is required to be reported immediately when the fermentation temperature is judged to be abnormal, a professional carries out adjustment, meanwhile, the manual work needs to record the fermentation temperature data once every half an hour, the fermentation process is observed manually in real time, and the kitchen waste is powdered after being subjected to oxygen fermentation treatment and the powder state is maintained for more than one minute to stop fermentation;
s6: testing and checking: after fermentation, detecting whether the fermented kitchen waste is harmful through tests by professionals, wherein random sampling detection is adopted during detection, and the detection volume and fermentation volume ratio is 1: 100, judging whether the conversion is complete or not according to the detection result, wherein the raw material which is judged to be not converted completely needs to be used as a raw material for secondary conversion;
s7: and (3) fermentation post-treatment: the volume ratio of the kitchen waste which is judged to be completely converted to the poultry excrement is 1: 1, uniformly stirring, and using the stirred slow mixture as an organic fertilizer.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1, the harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for the kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting kitchen waste: collecting the kitchen waste through a restaurant, wherein the environment is required to be kept airtight in the collection process, collecting personnel wear sterile clothes and carry out sterile treatment on a collecting tool when collecting the kitchen waste, the collected kitchen waste is transported by a special kitchen waste collecting vehicle, the collected kitchen waste is manually and mechanically sorted before being transported, and the recyclable waste and the waste rich in organic matters are collected;
s2: classifying the kitchen waste: manually classifying the obtained kitchen waste, wherein the classification requires the execution of national waste classification standards, and after the classification, professional waste classification personnel comprehensively check the kitchen waste and correctly classify the kitchen waste with wrong classification;
s3: treating the kitchen waste: the classified kitchen waste is disinfected and deodorized according to classification, wherein an ultraviolet disinfection lamp is used for disinfection, an ozone disinfection machine is used for deodorization and disinfection, a professional must operate the kitchen waste when the kitchen waste is used, sampling detection needs to be carried out by the professional during operation, and whether the kitchen waste is completely disinfected or not is detected;
s4: dry thermal hydrolysis bioconversion: dehydrating the smashed kitchen waste, conveying the dehydrated kitchen waste into a lifting hopper of fermentation equipment through a loader, putting materials into a cabin body of the fermentation equipment through the lifting hopper for fermentation, adding fermentation enzyme, providing oxygen through a blower after the fermentation process starts, uniformly turning the materials through a uniformly turning device arranged in the cabin body of the fermentation equipment, improving the fermentation effect of the materials, meanwhile, the equipment is provided with a deodorization device, intensively collecting odor generated in the fermentation process, and treating waste gas through water washing and biological deodorization, so that the standard reaching emission of gas is realized, and secondary pollution is avoided;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: before fermentation, a temperature monitor is arranged in the fermentation equipment bin body, an electronic screen is connected to the outside of the fermentation equipment bin body to display fermentation temperature data in the fermentation equipment bin body in real time, and during fermentation, the electronic screen is used for carrying out real-time observation manually and judging according to the real-time temperature data, wherein the fermentation temperature is judged to be normal fermentation temperature within 35-60 ℃, the fermentation temperature is judged to be abnormal within 35-60 ℃, the fermentation temperature is required to be reported immediately when the fermentation temperature is judged to be abnormal, a professional carries out adjustment, meanwhile, the manual work needs to record the fermentation temperature data once every half an hour, the fermentation process is observed manually in real time, and the kitchen waste is powdered after being subjected to oxygen fermentation treatment and the powder state is maintained for more than one minute to stop fermentation;
s6: testing and checking: after fermentation, detecting whether the fermented kitchen waste is harmful through tests by professionals, wherein random sampling detection is adopted during detection, and the detection volume and fermentation volume ratio is 1: 100, judging whether the conversion is complete or not according to the detection result, wherein the raw material which is judged to be not converted completely needs to be used as a raw material for secondary conversion;
s7: and (3) fermentation post-treatment: the volume ratio of the kitchen waste which is judged to be completely converted to the poultry excrement is 1: 1, uniformly stirring, and using the stirred slow mixture as an organic fertilizer.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 1, the harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for the kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting kitchen waste: collecting kitchen waste through a restaurant, wherein the environment is required to be kept airtight in the collection process, collecting personnel wear sterile clothes and carry out sterile treatment on a collecting tool when collecting the kitchen waste, the collected kitchen waste is transported by a special kitchen waste collecting vehicle, the collected kitchen waste is manually and mechanically sorted before being transported, recoverable waste and waste rich in organic matters are collected, non-recoverable inorganic matters are subjected to sanitary landfill treatment, the rest kitchen waste rich in the organic matters is crushed by a crusher and then enters an extrusion dehydrator, the extrusion dehydrator separates most of liquid in the crushed kitchen waste, the separated solid and zymophyte are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the separated liquid is discharged into a municipal pipe network for subsequent treatment;
s2: treating the kitchen waste: the classified kitchen waste is disinfected and deodorized according to classification, wherein an ultraviolet disinfection lamp is used for disinfection, an ozone disinfection machine is used for deodorization and disinfection, a professional must operate the kitchen waste when the kitchen waste is used, sampling detection needs to be carried out by the professional during operation, and whether the kitchen waste is completely disinfected or not is detected;
s3: dry thermal hydrolysis bioconversion: dehydrating the smashed kitchen waste, conveying the dehydrated kitchen waste into a lifting hopper of fermentation equipment through a loader, putting materials into a cabin body of the fermentation equipment through the lifting hopper for fermentation, adding fermentation enzyme, providing oxygen through a blower after the fermentation process starts, uniformly turning the materials through a uniformly turning device arranged in the cabin body of the fermentation equipment, improving the fermentation effect of the materials, meanwhile, the equipment is provided with a deodorization device, intensively collecting odor generated in the fermentation process, and treating waste gas through water washing and biological deodorization, so that the standard reaching emission of gas is realized, and secondary pollution is avoided;
s4: and (3) real-time monitoring: before fermentation, a temperature monitor is arranged in the fermentation equipment bin body, an electronic screen is connected to the outside of the fermentation equipment bin body to display fermentation temperature data in the fermentation equipment bin body in real time, and during fermentation, the electronic screen is used for carrying out real-time observation manually and judging according to the real-time temperature data, wherein the fermentation temperature is judged to be normal fermentation temperature within 35-60 ℃, the fermentation temperature is judged to be abnormal within 35-60 ℃, the fermentation temperature is required to be reported immediately when the fermentation temperature is judged to be abnormal, a professional carries out adjustment, meanwhile, the manual work needs to record the fermentation temperature data once every half an hour, the fermentation process is observed manually in real time, and the kitchen waste is powdered after being subjected to oxygen fermentation treatment and the powder state is maintained for more than one minute to stop fermentation;
s5: testing and checking: after fermentation, detecting whether the fermented kitchen waste is harmful through tests by professionals, wherein random sampling detection is adopted during detection, and the detection volume and fermentation volume ratio is 1: 100, judging whether the conversion is complete or not according to the detection result, wherein the raw material which is judged to be not converted completely needs to be used as a raw material for secondary conversion;
s6: and (3) fermentation post-treatment: the volume ratio of the kitchen waste which is judged to be completely converted to the poultry excrement is 1: 1, uniformly stirring, and using the stirred slow mixture as an organic fertilizer.
Example four
Referring to fig. 1, the harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for the kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting kitchen waste: collecting kitchen waste through a restaurant, wherein the environment is required to be kept airtight in the collection process, collecting personnel wear sterile clothes and carry out sterile treatment on a collecting tool when collecting the kitchen waste, the collected kitchen waste is transported by a special kitchen waste collecting vehicle, the collected kitchen waste is manually and mechanically sorted before being transported, recoverable waste and waste rich in organic matters are collected, non-recoverable inorganic matters are subjected to sanitary landfill treatment, the rest kitchen waste rich in the organic matters is crushed by a crusher and then enters an extrusion dehydrator, the extrusion dehydrator separates most of liquid in the crushed kitchen waste, the separated solid and zymophyte are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the separated liquid is discharged into a municipal pipe network for subsequent treatment;
s2: classifying the kitchen waste: manually classifying the obtained kitchen waste, wherein the classification requires the execution of national waste classification standards, and after the classification, professional waste classification personnel comprehensively check the kitchen waste and correctly classify the kitchen waste with wrong classification;
s3: dry thermal hydrolysis bioconversion: dehydrating the smashed kitchen waste, conveying the dehydrated kitchen waste into a lifting hopper of fermentation equipment through a loader, putting materials into a cabin body of the fermentation equipment through the lifting hopper for fermentation, adding fermentation enzyme, providing oxygen through a blower after the fermentation process starts, uniformly turning the materials through a uniformly turning device arranged in the cabin body of the fermentation equipment, improving the fermentation effect of the materials, meanwhile, the equipment is provided with a deodorization device, intensively collecting odor generated in the fermentation process, and treating waste gas through water washing and biological deodorization, so that the standard reaching emission of gas is realized, and secondary pollution is avoided;
s4: and (3) real-time monitoring: before fermentation, a temperature monitor is arranged in the fermentation equipment bin body, an electronic screen is connected to the outside of the fermentation equipment bin body to display fermentation temperature data in the fermentation equipment bin body in real time, and during fermentation, the electronic screen is used for carrying out real-time observation manually and judging according to the real-time temperature data, wherein the fermentation temperature is judged to be normal fermentation temperature within 35-60 ℃, the fermentation temperature is judged to be abnormal within 35-60 ℃, the fermentation temperature is required to be reported immediately when the fermentation temperature is judged to be abnormal, a professional carries out adjustment, meanwhile, the manual work needs to record the fermentation temperature data once every half an hour, the fermentation process is observed manually in real time, and the kitchen waste is powdered after being subjected to oxygen fermentation treatment and the powder state is maintained for more than one minute to stop fermentation;
s5: testing and checking: after fermentation, detecting whether the fermented kitchen waste is harmful through tests by professionals, wherein random sampling detection is adopted during detection, and the detection volume and fermentation volume ratio is 1: 100, judging whether the conversion is complete or not according to the detection result, wherein the raw material which is judged to be not converted completely needs to be used as a raw material for secondary conversion;
s6: and (3) fermentation post-treatment: the volume ratio of the kitchen waste which is judged to be completely converted to the poultry excrement is 1: 1, uniformly stirring, and using the stirred slow mixture as an organic fertilizer.
EXAMPLE five
Referring to fig. 1, the harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for the kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting kitchen waste: collecting kitchen waste through a restaurant, wherein the environment is required to be kept airtight in the collection process, collecting personnel wear sterile clothes and carry out sterile treatment on a collecting tool when collecting the kitchen waste, the collected kitchen waste is transported by a special kitchen waste collecting vehicle, the collected kitchen waste is manually and mechanically sorted before being transported, recoverable waste and waste rich in organic matters are collected, non-recoverable inorganic matters are subjected to sanitary landfill treatment, the rest kitchen waste rich in the organic matters is crushed by a crusher and then enters an extrusion dehydrator, the extrusion dehydrator separates most of liquid in the crushed kitchen waste, the separated solid and zymophyte are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the separated liquid is discharged into a municipal pipe network for subsequent treatment;
s2: classifying the kitchen waste: manually classifying the obtained kitchen waste, wherein the classification requires the execution of national waste classification standards, and after the classification, professional waste classification personnel comprehensively check the kitchen waste and correctly classify the kitchen waste with wrong classification;
s3: treating the kitchen waste: the classified kitchen waste is disinfected and deodorized according to classification, wherein an ultraviolet disinfection lamp is used for disinfection, an ozone disinfection machine is used for deodorization and disinfection, a professional must operate the kitchen waste when the kitchen waste is used, sampling detection needs to be carried out by the professional during operation, and whether the kitchen waste is completely disinfected or not is detected;
s4: dry thermal hydrolysis bioconversion: dehydrating the smashed kitchen waste, conveying the dehydrated kitchen waste into a lifting hopper of fermentation equipment through a loader, putting materials into a cabin body of the fermentation equipment through the lifting hopper for fermentation, adding fermentation enzyme, providing oxygen through a blower after the fermentation process starts, uniformly turning the materials through a uniformly turning device arranged in the cabin body of the fermentation equipment, improving the fermentation effect of the materials, meanwhile, the equipment is provided with a deodorization device, intensively collecting odor generated in the fermentation process, and treating waste gas through water washing and biological deodorization, so that the standard reaching emission of gas is realized, and secondary pollution is avoided;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: before fermentation, a temperature monitor is arranged in the fermentation equipment bin body, an electronic screen is connected to the outside of the fermentation equipment bin body to display fermentation temperature data in the fermentation equipment bin body in real time, and during fermentation, the electronic screen is used for carrying out real-time observation manually and judging according to the real-time temperature data, wherein the fermentation temperature is judged to be normal fermentation temperature within 35-60 ℃, the fermentation temperature is judged to be abnormal within 35-60 ℃, the fermentation temperature is required to be reported immediately when the fermentation temperature is judged to be abnormal, a professional carries out adjustment, meanwhile, the manual work needs to record the fermentation temperature data once every half an hour, the fermentation process is observed manually in real time, and the kitchen waste is powdered after being subjected to oxygen fermentation treatment and the powder state is maintained for more than one minute to stop fermentation;
s6: testing and checking: after fermentation, detecting whether the fermented kitchen waste is harmful through tests by professionals, wherein random sampling detection is adopted during detection, and the detection volume and fermentation volume ratio is 1: and 100, judging whether the conversion is complete or not according to the detection result, wherein the raw material which is judged to be not completely converted needs to be used for secondary conversion.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the embodiment is that, S1: collecting kitchen waste: collect kitchen garbage through the dining room, it is airtight to need to maintain the environment in the collection process, and collecting personnel all wear aseptic suit and carry out aseptic processing to the collection instrument when collecting, and the kitchen garbage of collection is transported by dedicated kitchen garbage collection vehicle, and the kitchen garbage of collecting before transporting will pass through manual work and mechanical letter sorting, collects recoverable rubbish and the rubbish that is rich in organic matter, and all the other are the same with implementation advantage.
Comparative example No. two
The difference from the embodiment is that, S4: dry thermal hydrolysis bioconversion: the kitchen waste after being crushed is dehydrated, the dehydrated kitchen waste is conveyed into a lifting hopper of fermentation equipment through a loader, materials are put into a cabin body of the fermentation equipment through the lifting hopper to be fermented, fermentation enzymes are added, oxygen is provided through a blower after the fermentation process begins, an even turning device is arranged in the cabin body of the fermentation equipment to evenly turn over the materials, and the rest is the same as the implementation benefit.
Comparative example No. three
The difference from the embodiment is that, S5: and (3) real-time monitoring: before fermentation, a temperature monitor is arranged in the fermentation equipment bin body, an electronic screen is connected to the outside of the fermentation equipment bin body to display fermentation temperature data in the fermentation equipment bin body in real time, and during fermentation, the electronic screen is used for carrying out real-time observation manually and judging according to the real-time temperature data, wherein the fermentation temperature within 35-60 ℃ is judged as the normal fermentation temperature, the fermentation temperature not within 35-60 ℃ is judged as the abnormal fermentation temperature, and the rest is the same as the implementation benefit.
Examples of the experiments
The harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method of the kitchen garbage obtained in the first, second, third, fourth and fifth examples is tested, and the following results are obtained:
compared with the prior art, the conversion rate of the harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for the kitchen waste prepared in the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment is obviously improved, and the first embodiment is the best embodiment.
Detection reporting
The invention aims to solve the problems that the current treatment measures of the kitchen waste are not complete enough, the technical level is not advanced enough, the related laws and regulations are not perfect enough, the generation speed of the kitchen waste is far higher than the treatment speed and the like, the embodiment of the invention provides a harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method for kitchen waste, by classifying the collected kitchen waste and checking the crushed kitchen waste, the treatment of the waste is more detailed and complete, simultaneously avoids the bacterial breeding caused by the mixing of various wastes, detects whether the kitchen wastes are completely disinfected by sampling by professional personnel, ensures the normal proceeding of the subsequent conversion, the complete fermentation of the kitchen waste is guaranteed through real-time temperature monitoring and manual real-time observation, and the kitchen waste after fermentation is used as a fertilizer to enable the kitchen waste to be well treated.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment method of the kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting kitchen waste: preliminarily classifying the kitchen waste and carrying out centralized transportation;
s2: classifying the kitchen waste: manually classifying and checking the obtained kitchen waste;
s3: treating the kitchen waste: sterilizing the classified kitchen waste, and crushing the sterilized kitchen waste;
s4: dry thermal hydrolysis bioconversion: adopting dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation technology to reprocess the processed kitchen garbage;
s5: and (3) real-time monitoring: monitoring the temperature of the kitchen waste during conversion in real time through a temperature monitor, and observing the fermentation process in real time through manual observation;
s6: testing and checking: carrying out biological inspection on the converted kitchen waste to judge whether the conversion is effective or not;
s7: and (3) fermentation post-treatment: and (4) treating the kitchen waste after complete fermentation.
2. The method for harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in S1, kitchen waste is collected through a restaurant, the collection process needs to be kept environment-tight, when collecting, the collectors wear sterile clothes and perform sterile treatment on the collection tools, and the collected kitchen waste is transported by a special kitchen waste collection vehicle.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the collected kitchen waste is manually and mechanically sorted before transportation, the recyclable waste and the waste rich in organic substances are collected, the unrecoverable inorganic substances are subjected to sanitary landfill treatment, the rest kitchen waste rich in organic substances is crushed by a crusher and then enters an extrusion dehydrator, the extrusion dehydrator separates most of the liquid in the crushed kitchen waste, the separated solid is mixed with zymophyte according to a certain proportion, and the separated liquid is discharged into a municipal pipe network for subsequent treatment.
4. The method for harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the obtained kitchen waste is classified manually, wherein the classification requires execution of national waste classification standards, and after classification, professional waste classifiers perform comprehensive inspection and correctly classify wrongly classified kitchen waste.
5. The method for the harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the classified kitchen waste is disinfected and deodorized according to the classification, wherein the disinfection treatment is carried out by using an ultraviolet disinfection lamp, the deodorization and disinfection treatment is carried out by using an ozone disinfection machine, the operation must be carried out by a professional when using a machine, and the sampling detection needs to be carried out by the professional in the operation process, and the detection verifies whether the kitchen waste is completely disinfected.
6. The method for harmless dry thermal hydrolysis bioconversion treatment of kitchen waste according to claim, wherein in S3, the treated kitchen waste is crushed by a professional crusher, wherein the crusher needs to be sterilized before use, the crushed kitchen waste is manually salvaged after being crushed, the kitchen waste which cannot be crushed is removed, and the kitchen waste which cannot be crushed is treated by landfill.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S4, the crushed kitchen waste is dewatered, the dewatered kitchen waste is conveyed to a lifting hopper of a fermentation device by a loader, the materials are fed into a cabin of the fermentation device by the lifting hopper for fermentation, fermentation enzymes are added, oxygen is provided by an air blower after the fermentation process begins, a uniform turnover device is arranged in the cabin of the fermentation device to uniformly turn over the materials, and meanwhile, a deodorization device is arranged on the fermentation device to intensively collect odor generated in the fermentation process and treat the waste gas by water washing and biological deodorization.
8. The method for harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in S5, before fermentation, a temperature monitor is installed inside the fermentation equipment bin, an electronic screen is connected outside the fermentation equipment bin to display the fermentation temperature data in real time, when fermentation is performed, the fermentation temperature is manually observed in real time through the electronic screen and is judged according to the real-time temperature data, wherein the fermentation temperature within 35-60 ℃ is judged as the normal fermentation temperature, the fermentation temperature not within 35-60 ℃ is judged as the abnormal fermentation temperature, when the fermentation temperature is judged as the abnormal fermentation temperature, the fermentation temperature is immediately reported, the fermentation temperature is adjusted by professional personnel, and simultaneously, the fermentation temperature data is manually recorded every half an hour, the fermentation process is manually observed in real time until the kitchen waste is observed to be powdery after oxygen fermentation treatment and the powder state is maintained to exceed one minute and stop Stopping fermentation.
9. The method for harmless dry thermal hydrolysis biotransformation treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in S6, after fermentation, professional personnel test whether the fermented kitchen waste is harmful, wherein random sampling detection is adopted during detection, and the ratio of detection volume to fermentation volume is 1: and 100, judging whether the conversion is complete or not according to the detection result, wherein the raw material which is judged to be not completely converted needs to be used for secondary conversion.
10. The method for harmless dry thermal hydrolysis bioconversion of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in said S7, the volume ratio of the kitchen waste judged to be completely converted to the excrements of poultry is 1: 1, uniformly stirring, and using the stirred slow mixture as an organic fertilizer.
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| CN108746156A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江恒易环保科技股份有限公司 | The innoxious xeothermic hydrolysis bio-conversion processes method of kitchen garbage |
| CN109382394A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-26 | 安徽天健环保股份有限公司 | A kind of kitchen garbage fast degradation treatment in situ technique |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108746156A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江恒易环保科技股份有限公司 | The innoxious xeothermic hydrolysis bio-conversion processes method of kitchen garbage |
| CN109382394A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-26 | 安徽天健环保股份有限公司 | A kind of kitchen garbage fast degradation treatment in situ technique |
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