CN113923618B - Three-dimensional microwave link networking detection near-ground three-dimensional rainfall experimental field system - Google Patents
Three-dimensional microwave link networking detection near-ground three-dimensional rainfall experimental field system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113923618B CN113923618B CN202111181244.0A CN202111181244A CN113923618B CN 113923618 B CN113923618 B CN 113923618B CN 202111181244 A CN202111181244 A CN 202111181244A CN 113923618 B CN113923618 B CN 113923618B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
- G16Y20/00—Information sensed or collected by the things
- G16Y20/10—Information sensed or collected by the things relating to the environment, e.g. temperature; relating to location
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The application discloses a three-dimensional microwave link networking detection near-ground three-dimensional rainfall experimental field system, which comprises a multi-frequency microwave receiving and transmitting system, a microwave system carrying platform, a microwave link data transmission system and a three-dimensional rainfall field inversion system; the multi-frequency microwave receiving and transmitting system is used for forming a three-dimensional microwave link network; the microwave system carrying platform is used for mounting a multi-frequency microwave receiving and transmitting system; the microwave link data transmission system is used for acquiring microwave data sent by the multi-frequency microwave receiving and sending system and transmitting the microwave data to the three-dimensional precipitation field inversion system; the three-dimensional rainfall field inversion system is used for performing inversion processing on the microwave data to generate three-dimensional rainfall field rainfall intensity data, and the three-dimensional rainfall field rainfall intensity data is used for reflecting the space-time distribution and the law of the near-ground three-dimensional rainfall field. The method and the device can detect and acquire the three-dimensional precipitation field with high space-time resolution, and provide reliable basis for researches and applications such as precipitation physical mechanism disclosure, precipitation dynamic process evolution, electromagnetic wave propagation effect evaluation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of microwave remote sensing, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional microwave link networking detection near-ground three-dimensional rainfall experimental field system.
Background
Precipitation is one of important natural phenomena frequently occurring in natural disasters such as flood disasters, landslides, debris flows and the like, and is a common concern in the fields of meteorology, hydrology, agriculture, traffic and the like. Due to the extremely complex particle collision, crushing, merging, condensation, evaporation and other processes of the precipitation, the intensity and the particle spectrum of the precipitation are unevenly distributed at different heights, particularly on the near ground (below 300 meters), and are influenced by the atmospheric turbulence, and the space-time change of the macroscopic physical characteristics of the precipitation is more complex. From the angle of atmospheric science research, three-dimensional precipitation macroscopic physical characteristics in different regions, different seasons, different cloud systems and different development stages are researched urgently, and a technical foundation is laid for understanding mutual constraints among the cloud-to-rain process, cloud dynamics and micro physics, mastering the mutual relation between microscopic physical characteristics and a macroscopic dynamic structure of precipitation, deepening scientific understanding of cloud and precipitation physics and further promoting atmospheric remote sensing and related application.
In the existing measurement means, the raindrop spectrum instrument is erected on an iron tower and can obtain raindrop spectrums with different heights and precipitation intensity, but only samples of limited points can be obtained; the micro rain radar can acquire raindrop spectrums with different heights and rainfall intensity by vertically transmitting frequency-modulated continuous waves, but can only acquire profiles in the vertical direction; the weather radar can acquire the rainfall condition in a large range through scanning, but receives the influence of the curvature of the earth, is difficult to acquire the rainfall condition on the near ground, and the space-time resolution is lower. The method for measuring rainfall of the microwave links is a novel method for monitoring rainfall in a large-scale area at present, a single microwave link can be inverted to obtain the average rainfall intensity of a path, and a plurality of microwave links can be networked to obtain the rainfall distribution in the area. The method has the characteristics of high space-time resolution, high inversion result representativeness, high cost performance, blind area supplement and the like. However, the existing research only aims at microwave links distributed horizontally in a mobile communication network, and only can acquire a horizontal rainfall field.
At present, how to apply the commercial microwave link to a near-ground three-dimensional precipitation field has become a research hotspot in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a three-dimensional rainfall experimental field system for three-dimensional microwave link networking detection on the near ground, a three-dimensional microwave link network is constructed by establishing a plurality of sight distance microwave links, and then inversion calculation is carried out on microwave transmitting power and receiving power to obtain rainfall intensity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:
a three-dimensional microwave link networking detection near-ground three-dimensional rainfall experimental field system comprises a multi-frequency microwave receiving and transmitting system, a microwave system carrying platform, a microwave link data transmission system and a three-dimensional rainfall field inversion system;
the multi-frequency microwave receiving and transmitting system is used for forming a three-dimensional microwave link network;
the microwave system carrying platform is used for mounting the multi-frequency microwave transceiving system;
the microwave link data transmission system is used for acquiring microwave data sent by the multi-frequency microwave receiving and transmitting system and transmitting the microwave data to the three-dimensional precipitation field inversion system;
the three-dimensional rainfall field inversion system is used for performing inversion processing on the microwave data to generate three-dimensional rainfall field rainfall intensity data, and the three-dimensional rainfall field rainfall intensity data is used for reflecting the space-time distribution and the law of the near-ground three-dimensional rainfall field.
Preferably, the multi-frequency microwave transceiving system comprises a plurality of microwave transmitting units and a plurality of microwave receiving units;
the microwave transmitting unit and the microwave receiving unit are used for forming a line-of-sight microwave link, and microwave data are generated based on the line-of-sight microwave link and comprise transmitting power of the microwave transmitting unit and receiving power of the microwave receiving unit.
Preferably, the frequency band of each microwave transmitting unit is different.
Preferably, the microwave system carrying platform comprises a ground tower type carrying platform and an aerial suspension carrying platform;
the ground tower type carrying platform and the aerial suspension carrying platform are both provided with the microwave transmitting unit and the microwave receiving unit.
Preferably, the microwave link data transmission system comprises a plurality of microwave signal acquisition units and an internet of things data transmission unit;
the microwave signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring the microwave data;
and the Internet of things data transmission unit is used for transmitting the microwave data to the three-dimensional precipitation field inversion system.
Preferably, the number of the microwave signal acquisition units is equal to the number of the microwave receiving units;
the microwave signal acquisition unit is correspondingly connected with the sight distance microwave link.
Preferably, the three-dimensional dewatering field inversion system comprises a data center unit, an inversion unit and a user terminal unit;
the data center unit is used for preprocessing and storing the microwave data;
the inversion unit is used for performing inversion processing on the microwave data to generate the three-dimensional rainfall field rainfall intensity data;
and the user terminal unit is used for displaying the rainfall intensity data of the three-dimensional rainfall field.
Preferably, the inversion unit comprises a weather distinguishing module, a clear sky baseline value module, a path rain intensity inversion module and a three-dimensional rainfall field reconstruction module;
the weather distinguishing module is used for obtaining weather conditions according to the microwave data;
the clear sky basic value module is used for obtaining a clear sky index according to the microwave data;
the path rain intensity inversion module is used for obtaining rain intensity inversion data according to the clear sky index and the weather and weather state;
and the three-dimensional rainfall field reconstruction module is used for generating the rainfall intensity data of the three-dimensional rainfall field according to the rainfall intensity inversion data.
The beneficial effect of this application does:
the application discloses three-dimensional microwave link network deployment surveys three-dimensional rainfall laboratory farm system on nearly ground, through erectting three-dimensional microwave link network to survey the three-dimensional rainfall field that acquires high temporal and spatial resolution, for precipitation physics mechanism reveals, precipitation dynamic process evolution, research such as electromagnetic wave propagation effect aassessment and the reliable foundation of application, provide the detection experimental environment of high temporal and spatial resolution in precipitation scientific research and the remote sensing application, this laboratory farm system erects conveniently, but reuse, the practicality is strong, the facilitate promotion.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental field system for detecting near-ground three-dimensional precipitation through three-dimensional microwave link networking according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of detection of a three-dimensional microwave network according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, the present application is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional microwave link networking near-ground three-dimensional precipitation experimental field detection system in the embodiment of the present application includes a multi-frequency microwave transceiver system, a microwave system carrying platform, a microwave link data transmission system, and a three-dimensional precipitation field inversion system. The multi-frequency microwave transceiving system is used for forming a three-dimensional microwave link network; the microwave system carrying platform is used for mounting a multi-frequency microwave receiving and transmitting system; the microwave link data transmission system is used for acquiring microwave data sent by the multi-frequency microwave receiving and sending system and transmitting the microwave data to the three-dimensional precipitation field inversion system; the three-dimensional rainfall field inversion system is used for performing inversion processing on the microwave data to generate three-dimensional rainfall field rainfall intensity data, and the three-dimensional rainfall field rainfall intensity data is used for reflecting the space-time distribution and the law of the near-ground three-dimensional rainfall field.
Specifically, the microwave system carrying platform includes a ground tower type carrying platform and an aerial suspension carrying platform, in this embodiment, a common iron tower is used as the ground tower type carrying platform, and in fig. 1, the iron tower is sequentially marked as iron tower 1 and iron tower 2 … … iron tower N in sequence1. Furthermore, the iron tower can be divided into a fixed type and a movable type, and for a key area, the movable type iron tower and corresponding microwave equipment can be additionally arranged for encrypted observation. The floating air ball is adopted as an air suspension carrying platform, and in figure 1, the floating air ball is marked as 1 … … and N in a manner similar to the marking of an iron tower2. Each iron tower and each floating air ball are provided with corresponding supporting connecting pieces according to actual needs. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, each iron tower and each air floating ball are provided with a microwave transmitting unit and a microwave receiving unit. In particular, a microwave transmitting unit and a microwave receiving unit are installed on each iron tower in a layered mode so as to realize microwave detection at different angles. Furthermore, the microwave transmitting unit and the microwave receiving unit are erected at different heights to form a three-dimensional network of the multi-frequency microwave link. The number of layers and the height of the iron tower and the position and the height of the floating air ball can be adjusted at any time according to experiment requirements. Besides the self-built iron tower and the floating balloon, the existing iron tower of the communication base station, a high building, a mountain top and the like can be utilized. Further, in this embodiment, the antenna directions of the microwave transmitting unit and the microwave receiving unit may be adjusted according to experimental requirements, so that a plurality of layers of two-dimensional horizontal networks and two-dimensional vertical networks may be formed, and a plurality of layers of three-dimensional networks intersecting each other may also be formed, thereby implementing three-dimensional sampling and reconstruction of the three-dimensional precipitation field. Microwave transmitting unit andthe microwave receiving unit supports one-to-one, many-to-one and many-to-many modes, reduces hardware cost, and increases the number of microwave links and space coverage, thereby improving the space representativeness of rainfall sampling.
In this embodiment, a plurality of microwave transmitting units and a plurality of microwave receiving units are combined to form a multi-frequency microwave transceiving system, each microwave transmitting unit corresponds to a microwave receiving unit to form a line-of-sight microwave link, and a plurality of microwave links form a three-dimensional microwave link network for obtaining microwave data. In order to collect microwave data of different frequencies as widely as possible, the frequencies of all the microwave transmitting units in the present embodiment are different from each other to cover multiple frequency bands, including but not limited to 10 GHz-80 GHz. In view of this, in the present embodiment, the microwave transmitting unit is marked in the same way as the iron tower, and as shown in fig. 1, the microwave transmitting unit is marked as microwave transmitting unit 1, microwave transmitting unit 2 … … microwave transmitting unit N3In response, the microwave receiving units corresponding to the microwave transmitting unit are respectively labeled as microwave receiving unit 1, microwave receiving unit 2 … … microwave receiving unit N3。
In this embodiment, the microwave link data transmission system includes a plurality of microwave signal acquisition units and an internet of things data transmission unit; the microwave signal acquisition unit acquires microwave data in real time, and can acquire parameters including signal-to-noise ratio, time delay and the like according to actual needs when necessary, and the data can visually reflect the attenuation condition of the microwave signal. The internet of things data transmission unit collects and sends microwave data to the three-dimensional precipitation field inversion system, and the data transmission mode is not limited to wired or wireless modes, such as optical fiber, data cable, WIFI, LoRa, 4G/5G, microwave return, Beidou and the like.
In this embodiment, the number of the microwave signal acquisition units is equal to the number of the microwave receiving units, and each microwave signal acquisition unit is correspondingly connected with only one line-of-sight microwave link. As shown in FIG. 1, the microwave signal collecting unit is also referred to the above-mentioned labeling methodRespectively marked as a microwave signal acquisition unit 1 and a microwave signal acquisition unit 2 … …4. Because one internet of things data transmission unit is uniformly used, the internet of things data transmission unit is only marked as an internet of things data transmission unit 1.
In the embodiment, the three-dimensional dewatering field inversion system comprises a data center unit, an inversion unit and a user terminal unit; the data center unit is used for preprocessing and storing the microwave data; the inversion unit is used for performing inversion processing on the microwave data to generate three-dimensional rainfall field rainfall intensity data; and the user terminal unit is used for displaying the rainfall intensity data of the three-dimensional rainfall field.
Specifically, the preprocessing operation of the data center unit on the microwave data (mainly the multi-frequency microwave transmitting power and the receiving power) includes establishing a corresponding relation between time and microwave frequency according to time-frequency points of the received microwave data, and classifying according to frequency, so as to facilitate later-period data processing. Simultaneously, all the microwave data and the time-frequency point corresponding relation are synchronously stored in a database.
In this embodiment, the inversion unit includes four sub-modules, which are a clear-rain distinguishing module, a clear-sky-based-value module, a path-rain-intensity inversion module, and a three-dimensional precipitation field reconstruction module
Specifically, the weather distinguishing module obtains weather conditions according to the microwave data. In the microwave rainfall observation, the attenuation degree of the microwaves can intuitively reflect the weather conditions, the smaller the attenuation is, the more clear the weather is, and the larger the attenuation is, the more rainfall intensity is. Therefore, the microwave data can reflect the current weather, namely sunny days or rainy days.
And the clear sky basic value module can obtain a clear sky index according to the microwave signal attenuation condition in a clear sky state. When the detection is rainy, the path rain intensity inversion module inverts the clear sky index to obtain rain intensity inversion data. And finally, the three-dimensional precipitation field reconstruction module reconstructs according to the rainfall intensity inversion data to generate three-dimensional precipitation field rainfall intensity data, the detection of the near-ground three-dimensional precipitation field is realized, and the inversion data result is output to a user terminal for interaction such as inquiry, display, storage and the like.
In the embodiment, the following steps can be referred to for the three-dimensional precipitation field detection experiment:
1) determining a three-dimensional rainfall observation field and an observation range;
2) designing a topological structure of a three-dimensional link network, and determining the positions, the layers and the heights of an iron tower and a floating air ball;
3) erecting an iron tower and a floating air ball at a designated place, and respectively erecting a microwave transmitting unit and a microwave receiving unit on the iron tower and the floating air ball;
4) adjusting the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of the antennas of the microwave transmitting unit and the receiving unit to enable the receiving power of the antennas to be maximum, and forming one-to-one, many-to-one or many-to-many line-of-sight microwave links;
5) after the joint debugging and joint testing, electrifying to work;
6) the signal acquisition unit acquires the transmitting power, the receiving power and the like of the microwave signal in real time and transmits the microwave signal back to the three-dimensional precipitation field inversion system through the Internet of things data transmission module;
7) the data center unit preprocesses and stores the transmitted multi-frequency microwave transmitting power and the received power;
8) the inversion unit is used for respectively carrying out weather differentiation, clear sky base value determination, path rain intensity inversion and three-dimensional rainfall field reconstruction to obtain three-dimensional rainfall field rain intensity data;
9) and interaction such as inquiry, display, storage and the like is carried out through the user terminal.
10) And (4) adjusting the link topological structure, the iron tower, the antenna and the like according to the detection requirement, and repeating the steps 2) -9).
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present application by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A three-dimensional microwave link networking detection near-ground three-dimensional precipitation experimental field system is characterized by comprising a multi-frequency microwave receiving and transmitting system, a microwave system carrying platform, a microwave link data transmission system and a three-dimensional precipitation field inversion system;
the multi-frequency microwave receiving and transmitting system is used for forming a three-dimensional microwave link network;
the microwave system carrying platform is used for mounting the multi-frequency microwave transceiving system;
the microwave link data transmission system is used for collecting microwave data sent by the multi-frequency microwave receiving and sending system and transmitting the microwave data to the three-dimensional precipitation field inversion system;
the three-dimensional rainfall field inversion system is used for performing inversion processing on the microwave data to generate three-dimensional rainfall field rainfall intensity data, and the three-dimensional rainfall field rainfall intensity data is used for reflecting the space-time distribution and the law of the near-ground three-dimensional rainfall field.
2. The system for detecting the near-ground three-dimensional precipitation experimental field through the three-dimensional microwave link networking according to claim 1, wherein the multi-frequency microwave transceiving system comprises a plurality of microwave transmitting units and a plurality of microwave receiving units;
the microwave transmitting unit and the microwave receiving unit are used for forming a line-of-sight microwave link, and microwave data are generated based on the line-of-sight microwave link and comprise transmitting power of the microwave transmitting unit and receiving power of the microwave receiving unit.
3. The three-dimensional microwave link networking near-ground three-dimensional precipitation laboratory field system according to claim 2, wherein the frequency band of each microwave transmitting unit is different.
4. The three-dimensional microwave link networking detection near-ground three-dimensional precipitation laboratory field system according to claim 2, wherein the microwave system carrying platform comprises a ground tower type carrying platform and an aerial suspension carrying platform;
the ground tower type carrying platform and the aerial suspension carrying platform are both provided with the microwave transmitting unit and the microwave receiving unit.
5. The three-dimensional microwave link networking detection near-ground three-dimensional precipitation laboratory field system according to claim 2, wherein the microwave link data transmission system comprises a plurality of microwave signal acquisition units and an internet of things data transmission unit;
the microwave signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring the microwave data;
and the Internet of things data transmission unit is used for transmitting the microwave data to the three-dimensional precipitation field inversion system.
6. The three-dimensional microwave link networking detection near-ground three-dimensional precipitation laboratory site system according to claim 5,
the number of the microwave signal acquisition units is equal to that of the microwave receiving units;
the microwave signal acquisition unit is correspondingly connected with the sight distance microwave link.
7. The three-dimensional microwave link networking detection near-ground three-dimensional precipitation experimental field system according to claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional precipitation field inversion system comprises a data center unit, an inversion unit and a user terminal unit;
the data center unit is used for preprocessing and storing the microwave data;
the inversion unit is used for performing inversion processing on the microwave data to generate the three-dimensional rainfall field rainfall intensity data;
and the user terminal unit is used for displaying the rainfall intensity data of the three-dimensional rainfall field.
8. The three-dimensional microwave link networking detection near-ground three-dimensional rainfall experimental yard system according to claim 7, wherein the inversion unit comprises a weather distinguishing module, a clear sky base value module, a path rainfall intensity inversion module and a three-dimensional rainfall field reconstruction module;
the weather distinguishing module is used for obtaining weather conditions according to the microwave data;
the clear sky basic value module is used for obtaining a clear sky index according to the microwave data;
the path rain intensity inversion module is used for obtaining rain intensity inversion data according to the clear sky index and the weather and weather state;
and the three-dimensional rainfall field reconstruction module is used for generating the rainfall intensity data of the three-dimensional rainfall field according to the rainfall intensity inversion data.
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