CN104730524B - Array weather radar detection system and method - Google Patents
Array weather radar detection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104730524B CN104730524B CN201510105899.8A CN201510105899A CN104730524B CN 104730524 B CN104730524 B CN 104730524B CN 201510105899 A CN201510105899 A CN 201510105899A CN 104730524 B CN104730524 B CN 104730524B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The invention discloses an array weather radar detection system and method. The array weather radar detection system comprises a plurality of radar transceiving units and a control and data processing center, and weather radars are arrayed according to a triangular structure. The detection method comprises the following steps that the weather radars are arrayed according to the triangular structure, synchronizing detection is conducted on the weather situation in the triangular area, data are synthesized, and a precipitation particle three-dimensional movement speed and a reflectivity factor field are formed. The array weather radar detection system is high in scanning speed, high in detection space resolution and small in data synthesis error, and the radar transceiving units are small in size, light and convenient to erect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of atmospheric circulation detection system and detection method, more particularly to a kind of weather radar detection system
And detection method, more particularly to a kind of small yardstick circulation array weather radar detection system and detection method.
Background technology
Prediction of the mankind to weather in all age never stopped.From " see cloud know weather " in ancient times, " ant removal of home will under
Rain ", to " weather forecast in a week " of modern society, " short-term severe Convective Weather Warnings ", the mankind obtain in weather forecasting field
Significant progress, weather forecast has become the too busy to get away important information of modern life.Coastal fisherman relies on weather forecast
Carry out and fish operation and hide the preparation of typhoon.Interior ground resident carries out windproof, heatstroke prevention and prepares by weather forecast.Weather forecast exists
Very important effect has been played in the life production of our mankind.
With the development of science and technology, increasing advanced technology is applied to weather forecasting field, such as meteorological satellite,
Weather radar etc..Meteorological satellite can preferably observe planetary scale（Horizontal scale 104km）And large scale（Horizontal scale
103km）Weather circulation, such as on satellite cloud picture, we can observe the atmospheric circulation of the whole earth, and detect a typhoon motion rail
Mark, but for there is the strong convective weather in a small range, because its yardstick is small, scope is small, come soon, go it is also fast, defend
Star can't detect this weather phenomenon completely, and this is accomplished by using the weather radar of regional area.
Existing more common weather radar can preferably observe mesoscale circulation（Horizontal scale 102km）, but low latitude mesh
Mark is difficult to detect, and spatial resolution is low, and sweep speed is slow, and the time difference is big, and generated data is with a low credibility.Sky thus cannot be disclosed
Between yardstick is small, change fast small yardstick circulation.
And the disaster such as the strong weather phenomenon occurred in actual life, heavy rain, hail, thunderstorm gale, cyclone
The kernel of property weather is exactly small scale weather system, and the intensity of these diastrous weathers is relative with small scale weather system
Should.Prior art predicts that one of method that small scale weather situation is used is networking radar system, but due to networking radar
Sweep speed is slow, and resultant error is big, is still taken effect in the prediction of small scale weather little.How general another method for using be
Weather radar is strangled, but needs certain assumed condition, made using being greatly limited, with time error also than larger.
The content of the invention
In place of in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of array weather thunder
Up to detection system and its detection method.It is used to overcome that existing radar system sweep speed is slow, Data Synthesis error is big, qualifications
Many the shortcomings of.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of array weather radar of the invention is visited
Examining system, including multiple radar transmit-receive units, multiple radar transmit-receive units form radar front end, and battle array is laid according to triangular structure
Row, radar transmit-receive unit includes aerial array, the T/R module array being connected with aerial array, the signal being connected with T/R module array
Processor array, the synchronous and communication module connected with signal processor array and the orientation being connected with synchronization and communication module
Rotary servo, is responsible for data acquisition and transmits detection data with to control and data processing centre.
The control being connected with radar transmit-receive unit and data processing centre, control and data processing centre include control and supervise
Survey unit, data processing platform (DPP), data transmission central and data storage array.By intensity data permeate reflectivity because
Subfield, completes radar transmit-receive unit and Data processing communication in the heart, and data storage, distribution.
The quantity of multiple radar transmit-receive units is at least three, is used to three-dimensional detection sub-district while being scanned.
Triangular structure is the most basic composition of array weather radar, and a radar transmit-receive list is often increased on this basis
Unit, will increase one to two new three-dimensional detection sub-district, constitute bigger three-dimensional detection area.
Three radar transmit-receive unit scan synchronizations in one three-dimensional detection sub-district, detect the same space data time difference
It is small, be 1/the tens of networking radar, can obtain high-spatial and temporal resolution, the three-dimensional sexual intercourse particle velocity field of high precision with it is strong
Degree field information.
Adjacent radar transmit-receive unit distribution distance each other is 20Km~50Km.The distribution distance space exploration is differentiated
Rate is high, can meticulous depiction Small and Medium Sized meteorology target, it is possible to effectively overcome the influence of earth curvature.
The pitching of radar transmit-receive unit is electric scanning, and sweep limits is at 0 ° ~ 90 °.Can not only obtain closely meteorological with low latitude
Information, moreover it is possible to obtain zenith weather information, realizes that all-sky is covered.
Multiple radar transmit-receive unit scan mode of operations are that strong echo three-dimensional detection pattern, three-dimensional detection pattern and search are visited
One kind in survey pattern.Strong echo three-dimensional detection Mode scans speed is fast, is adapted to Detect change and the fast strong echo target of movement；Three
The ability of dimension detection mode detection weak echo is strong；Reconnaissance probe mode detection distance can expand to 150Km, for search and in advance
It is alert.Any one detection mode can be as needed selected when using.
Multiple radar transmit-receive units and to control data transmission link and data processing centre between be common channel.It is this
Mode is low to array weather radar technical requirements.
Data transmission link between radar transmit-receive unit and control and data processing centre simultaneously using Radar channel and
Common channel.It is high that array weather radar adopts detection efficient in this way.
Array weather radar detection system sweep speed of the invention is fast, space exploration high resolution, Data Synthesis error
Small, radar transmit-receive unit volume is small, lightweight, be easy to erection.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of array weather radar detection system atmospheric sounding circulation of the invention
Method comprises the following steps：
1）Array weather radar is laid according to triangle manner, a radar transmit-receive list is laid in each triangular apex
Unit, three radar transmit-receive units detect a three-dimensional detection sub-district for triangular prism shape；
2）Three radar transmit-receive units in one three-dimensional detection sub-district synchronize scanning to detection sub-district, obtain region
Interior intensity data and the radial velocity data of precipitation particles；
3）By the data transmission link between radar transmit-receive unit and control and data processing centre by step 2）In obtain
The data for obtaining pass to control and data processing centre；
4）Control and data processing centre are to step 2）Data synthesized, obtain reflectivity factor Z values and precipitation
The three-dimensional motion speed V of particle.
Step 3）In data transmission link be Radar channel.Transmitting radar transmit-receive unit with Radar channel cooperates with detection to refer to
Order and detection information, adopting array weather radar independence in this way by force, can be completely independent operation.
Step 3）In data transmission link be common channel.This mode is low to array weather radar technical requirements.
Step 3）In data transmission link simultaneously use Radar channel and common channel.Array weather radar is using this
Mode detection efficient is high.
Strong weather can be obtained using the above method（Spout, hail, heavy rain）Detection information, sees with reference to existing observation system
Survey data, small scale weather system of analyzing and researching and small scale weather system and other scale weather system interactions, just
Step explores microscale system kinetic model, for the research of strong hazard weather provides support.The array weather radar will be in air section
Widely used in the field inspection for learning research, to disclose the mechanism of hazard weather process, set up microscale system kinetic model
Deng playing key effect in scientific research.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of one embodiment of array weather radar detection system of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the search coverage schematic diagram of one embodiment of array weather radar detection system of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the scanning sequency schematic diagram of one embodiment of array weather radar detection system of the invention.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail to of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Reference picture 1 and Fig. 2, array weather radar detection system include multiple radar transmit-receive units, multiple radar transmit-receive lists
Unit forms radar front end, and array is laid according to triangular structure, and radar transmit-receive unit includes aerial array, is connected with aerial array
T/R module array, the signal processor array being connected with T/R module array, with signal processor array connect it is synchronous and lead to
Letter module and the orientation rotation servo control mechanism connected with synchronous and communication module, be responsible for data acquisition with to control and data at
Reason central transmission detection data.The detection data in three-dimensional detection area includes three groups of intensity data Z ' 1（x,y,z）、Z’2（x,y,z）、
Z’3（x,y,z）With three groups of radial velocity data v1（x,y,z）、v2（x,y,z）、 v3（x,y,z）.
The control being connected with radar transmit-receive unit and data processing centre, control and data processing centre include control and supervise
Survey unit, data processing platform (DPP), data transmission central and data storage array.It is responsible for system synchronization control, by three groups radially
Speed data aggregate velocity vector field V（x,y,z）, three groups of intensity datas are permeated a reflectivity factor Z（x,y,z）,
Complete radar transmit-receive unit and Data processing communication in the heart, and data storage, distribution.
The quantity of multiple radar transmit-receive units is at least three, and three radar transmit-receive units are to a three-dimensional for triangular prism shape
Detection sub-district is detected.Three-dimensional detection sub-district is that the triangle formed with three radar transmit-receive units is bottom（As shown in Figure 2）
A region for triangular prism shape, the base of three-dimensional detection sub-district is 20Km~50Km or so, and the height of three-dimensional detection sub-district is
20Km or so.The triangular structure of three radar transmit-receive unit formation is the most basic composition of array weather radar, herein basis
On often increase a radar transmit-receive unit, will increase one to two new three-dimensional detection sub-district, constitute bigger three-dimensional detection area.
By taking equilateral triangle layout as an example, the azimuth of each radar transmit-receive unit detection scanning is 60 degree, and the elevation angle is 90 degree, cloth interoffice
Every 20 kilometers.Radar transmit-receive unit can be erected at building, communication tower or mountain top according to orographic condition selection.Array weather radar
Most basic composition is three radar transmit-receive cellular constructions.As shown in Fig. 2 figure intermediate cam shape search coverage is three radar transmit-receives
The unit common scan area of coverage is projected in the plane, three radar transmit-receive units each 60 degree of scan position, the sky that 90 degree of pitching
Between, referred to as three-dimensional detection sub-district.
Used as another preferred embodiment of the invention, three radar transmit-receive units in a detection sub-district are synchronously carried out
Scanning, the detection the same space data time difference is small, is 1/the tens of networking radar, can obtain high-spatial and temporal resolution, height
Accurate three-dimensional sexual intercourse particle velocity field and intensity field information.Preferably, each radar transmit-receive unit of array weather radar is used
Phased-array technique, the quick electric scanning of pitching, orientation mechanical scanning is detected and 14 wave beam detectivities with the wave beam of pitching 5,
The detection of three-dimensional detection sub-district is completed in 1.5s, the detection of three-dimensional detection area is completed in 9s, temporal resolution is compared with existing network radar
It is high tens times.
Used as another preferred embodiment of the invention, two adjacent Transmit-Receive Units distribution distance each other is 20Km.
The distribution distance space exploration high resolution, can meticulous depiction Small and Medium Sized meteorology target, it is possible to effectively overcome earth curvature
Influence.Preferably, about 1.6 ° of beam angle, the tangential yardstick at 5km, 10km, 20km be respectively 140m, 279m and
558m, radial resolving power is 100m, and either longitudinal direction or tangent resolution newer generation weather radar have and significantly carry
It is high.
Used as another preferred embodiment of the invention, multiple radar transmit-receive unit pitching use electric scanning, sweep limits
At 0 ° ~ 90 °.Can not only obtain closely with low latitude weather information, moreover it is possible to obtain zenith weather information, realize all-sky cover.
Used as another preferred embodiment of the invention, multiple radar transmit-receive unit scan mode of operations are three-dimensional strong echo
One kind in detection mode, three-dimensional detection pattern and reconnaissance probe pattern.Strong echo three-dimensional detection Mode scans speed is fast, is adapted to visit
Survey change and the fast strong echo target of movement；The ability of three-dimensional detection mode detection weak echo is strong；Reconnaissance probe mode detection away from
From 150Km can be expanded to, for search and early warning.Any one detection mode can be as needed selected when using.
Used as a preferred embodiment, strong echo three-dimensional detection Mode normal direction is multiple using 14 reception beam scannings
22.4 degree of elevations angle of lid, point 4 completions, 89.6 degree of Elevation Scannings.Horizontal direction uses mechanical scanning mode, scanner rotating rate 40
Degrees second, completed 60 degree azimuth scans, it is necessary to 1.5 seconds, that is, one three-dimensional detection sub-district of completion is only needed 1.5 seconds.
Used as another preferred embodiment, three-dimensional detection Mode normal direction receives beam scanning, 5 wave covers using 5
8 degree of elevations angle, point 11 completions, 88 degree of Elevation Scannings.Horizontal direction use mechanical scanning mode, the degrees second of scanner rotating rate 10,
60 degree azimuth scans are completed, it is necessary to 6 seconds, that is, one three-dimensional detection sub-district of completion is only needed 6 seconds, relative to strong echo mode three
The ability of dimension detection mode detection weak echo is strong.
Used as another preferred embodiment, reconnaissance probe Mode normal direction receives beam scanning, 1 wave cover using 1
1.6 degree of elevations angle.Horizontal direction uses mechanical scanning mode, the degrees second of scanner rotating rate 10.This mode is similar to existing weather thunder
Up to scan mode, detection range can expand to 150Km, for search and early warning.Can as needed select any one when using
Plant detection mode.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, between multiple radar transmit-receive units and control and data processing centre
Data transmission link be Radar channel.Radar transmit-receive unit is transmitted with Radar channel and cooperate with probe instructions and detection information, adopt
Array weather radar independence is strong in this way, can be completely independent operation.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, between multiple radar transmit-receive units and control and data processing centre
Data transmission link be common channel.This mode is low to array weather radar technical requirements.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, the number between radar transmit-receive unit and control and data processing centre
Radar channel and common channel are used simultaneously according to transmission link.It is high that array weather radar adopts detection efficient in this way.
During communication, three kinds of different communication patterns can be used：1）Visited using Radar channel transmission radar transmit-receive unit collaboration
Instruction is surveyed, detection information is transmitted using common channel；2）Using Radar channel transmission radar transmit-receive unit collaboration probe instructions and
Detection information, this mode detection information transmission will take the regular hour, and detection efficient is not so good as first way；3）Using logical
Probe instructions and detection information are cooperateed with transmission array element, this mode requires that common channel real-time will get well, it is ensured that
Synergistic observation can be carried out synchronously.
Reference picture 3, radar transmit-receive unit in the case where control and data processing centre are coordinated, every three adjacent radar transmit-receive units
It is one group of synchronizing detection.For example, under strong echo three-dimensional detection pattern, three adjacent radar transmit-receive units complete three-dimensional detection
The time in area is 1.5 seconds, that is to say, that the data maximum time deviation of three adjacent radar transmit-receive unit the same space only has
0.75s.Fig. 3 is 7 radar transmit-receive units（A、B、C、D、E、F、G）Array weather radar（6 three-dimensional detection sub-districts）Scanning
Along sequence diagram, the Roman number in figure（I、II、III、IV、V、VI）It is the order of detection scanning three-dimensional detection sub-district, figure
In letter represent radar transmit-receive unit.Be first tri- radar transmit-receive units of A, B, C start synchronous scanning they constitute three
Dimension detection sub-district I, each radar transmit-receive unit horizontal scans 60 ° of scopes, and pitching scans 0 ° to 90 ° scope, then A, C, D tri-
Radar transmit-receive unit starts the three-dimensional detection sub-district II of their compositions of synchronous scanning, by that analogy, just completes whole by 6 groups of scannings
The detection scanning of individual hexagonal area.
A technical indicator for preferred embodiment of array Weather radar system of the invention is listed in detail below.
Radar transmit-receive unit spacing： 20km
Receive beam angle：≤1.6°
Range resolution ratio：100m
Temporal resolution：
Strong echo three-dimensional detection pattern：
Complete a three-dimensional detection sub-district：1.5s
Complete whole three-dimensional detection area：9s
Three-dimensional detection pattern：Complete a three-dimensional detection sub-district：6s
Complete whole three-dimensional detection area：36s
Frequency set：
Frequency range is 9300~9500MHz, and frequency interval is 10MHz, by using transmitting random code waveform, optimizing thunder
Up to frequency point allocation.
Output data：
Z（Reflectivity factor）、u\v（Horizontal velocity）、w（Vertical speed）
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned implementation method, every to use array identical with the above embodiment of the present invention or approximate
Weather radar detection system, within protection scope of the present invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of array weather radar detection system atmospheric sounding circulation of the invention
Method comprises the following steps：
1）Array weather radar is laid according to triangle manner, a radar transmit-receive list is laid in each triangular apex
Unit, three radar transmit-receive units detect a three-dimensional detection sub-district for triangular prism shape；
2）Three radar transmit-receive units in one three-dimensional detection sub-district synchronize scanning to detection sub-district, obtain region
Interior intensity data and the radial velocity data of precipitation particles；
3）By the data transmission link between radar transmit-receive unit and control and data processing centre by step 2）In obtain
The data for obtaining pass to control and data processing centre；
4）Control and data processing centre are to step 2）Data synthesized, obtain reflectivity factor Z values and precipitation
The three-dimensional motion speed V of particle.
Step 3）In data transmission link be Radar channel.Transmitting radar transmit-receive unit with Radar channel cooperates with detection to refer to
Order and detection information, adopting array weather radar independence in this way by force, can be completely independent operation.
Step 3）In data transmission link be common channel.This mode is low to array weather radar technical requirements.
Step 3）In data transmission link simultaneously use Radar channel and common channel.Array weather radar is using this
Mode detection efficient is high.
Strong weather can be obtained using the above method（Spout, hail, heavy rain）Detection information, sees with reference to existing observation system
Survey data, small scale weather system of analyzing and researching and small scale weather system and other scale weather system interactions, just
Step explores microscale system kinetic model, for the research of strong hazard weather provides support.The array weather radar will be in air section
Widely used in the field inspection for learning research, to disclose the mechanism of hazard weather process, set up microscale system kinetic model
Deng playing key effect in scientific research.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of array weather radar detection system, it is characterised in that including：
Multiple radar transmit-receive units, the multiple radar transmit-receive unit forms radar front end, and array is laid according to triangular structure,
The radar transmit-receive unit includes aerial array, the T/R module array being connected with the aerial array, with the T/R module array
The signal processor array of connection, with the signal processor array connect synchronous and communication module and with the synchronization and
The orientation rotation servo control mechanism of communication module connection；
The control being connected with the radar transmit-receive unit and data processing centre, the control and data processing centre include control
With monitoring unit, data processing platform (DPP), data transmission central and data storage array；
The quantity of the multiple radar transmit-receive unit is at least three, is used to detect a three-dimensional detection sub-district for triangular prism shape；
Three radar transmit-receive units in one three-dimensional detection sub-district are scanned simultaneously to three-dimensional detection sub-district；
Radar transmit-receive unit pitching is electric scanning, and sweep limits is at 0 ° ~ 90 °.
2. a kind of array weather radar detection system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that adjacent radar transmit-receive unit
Distance each other is 20Km~50Km.
3. a kind of array weather radar detection system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 2, it is characterised in that institute
State during radar transmit-receive unit scan mode of operation is strong echo three-dimensional detection pattern, three-dimensional detection pattern and reconnaissance probe pattern
It is a kind of.
4. a kind of array weather radar detection system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 2, it is characterised in that institute
It is common channel to state radar transmit-receive unit and the data transmission link controlled and data processing centre between.
5. a kind of array weather radar detection system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 2, it is characterised in that institute
It is Radar channel used at the same time to state radar transmit-receive unit and the data transmission link controlled and data processing centre between
And common channel.
6. a kind of method of array weather radar detection system atmospheric sounding circulation according to claim 1, its feature exists
In comprising the following steps：
1）Array weather radar is laid according to triangle manner, a radar transmit-receive unit, three are laid in each triangular apex
Individual radar transmit-receive unit detects a three-dimensional detection sub-district for triangular prism shape；
2）Three radar transmit-receive units in one three-dimensional detection sub-district synchronize scanning to detection sub-district, obtain region
Interior intensity data and the radial velocity data of precipitation particles；
3）Data transmission link by the radar transmit-receive unit and between the control and data processing centre is by step 2）
The data of middle acquisition pass to the control and data processing centre；
4）The control and data processing centre are to step 2）Data synthesized, obtain reflectivity factor Z values and precipitation
The three-dimensional motion speed V of particle.
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