CN113922744B - Cleaning system and cleaning method for photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic device - Google Patents
Cleaning system and cleaning method for photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113922744B CN113922744B CN202111174496.0A CN202111174496A CN113922744B CN 113922744 B CN113922744 B CN 113922744B CN 202111174496 A CN202111174496 A CN 202111174496A CN 113922744 B CN113922744 B CN 113922744B
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011086 high cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
- F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/10—Cleaning arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cleaning system, a cleaning method and a photovoltaic device of a photovoltaic panel, wherein the cleaning system comprises a data acquisition module for acquiring weather data, a processing module for processing the weather data and an angle adjusting module for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel; the processing module comprises a processor, wherein the processor is respectively in communication connection with the data acquisition module and the angle adjustment module; the data acquisition module sends acquired weather data to the processor, and when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is aligned with the direction of wind and rain. The system can catch wind and rain in rainy days, automatically clean the photovoltaic panel through wind and rain, and cleaning efficiency is high, can also save water resource, and cleaning cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a cleaning system and a cleaning method of a photovoltaic panel and a photovoltaic device.
Background
Along with the continuous development and progress of the human society, the environmental problems become serious, the energy conservation and emission reduction are realized, the green development is realized, and the development and utilization of various renewable energy sources become the development strategy of all countries in the world. Solar energy is regarded as a renewable energy source and is valued worldwide, and the photovoltaic power generation industry related to the solar energy is also vigorously developed. Photovoltaic power generation is a thin solid photovoltaic cell made of semiconductor materials (e.g., silicon) that converts solar energy to electrical energy. Since there is no moving part, it can be operated for a long time without causing any loss. The simple photovoltaic cell can provide energy for the watch and the calculator, and the more complex photovoltaic system can provide illumination for houses and power for a power grid.
Because the solar energy is required to be used for photovoltaic power generation, the photovoltaic module is required to be arranged outdoors, and the influence of dust coverage in the air on the energy conversion of the photovoltaic cell panel is very large, the photovoltaic module is required to be cleaned. At present, the main cleaning modes comprise manual regular cleaning, cleaning by spraying water to the surface of the photovoltaic module by a high-pressure water gun, robot automatic cleaning or nano film self-cleaning and the like. However, the above-described cleaning method has the following disadvantages:
manual regular cleaning is troublesome to operate and low in working efficiency; the cleaning of the high-pressure water gun is easy to damage the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and wastes water resources; the technical requirements of robot automatic cleaning and nano film self-cleaning are high, and the input cost is also high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems, and provides a cleaning system for a photovoltaic panel, which can catch wind and rain in rainy days, automatically clean the photovoltaic panel through wind and rain, has high cleaning efficiency, saves water resources and has low cleaning cost.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for cleaning a photovoltaic panel.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic device.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the cleaning system of the photovoltaic panel comprises a data acquisition module for acquiring weather data, a processing module for processing the weather data and an angle adjusting module for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel; wherein,
the processing module comprises a processor, wherein the processor is respectively in communication connection with the data acquisition module and the angle adjustment module; the data acquisition module sends acquired weather data to the processor, and when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is aligned with the direction of wind and rain.
The working principle of the cleaning system of the photovoltaic panel is as follows:
when the photovoltaic panel is in operation, the data acquisition module acquires current weather data in real time, the acquired weather data is sent to the processor, the processor performs processing judgment according to the current weather data, when the current weather is judged to be rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is in the direction of wind and rain, and the photovoltaic panel is cleaned through wind and rain; when the current weather is judged to be sunny, the photovoltaic panel works normally.
The data acquisition module comprises a wind speed and wind direction sensor for measuring wind speed and wind direction, a raindrop induction sensor for acquiring rainfall information and an illumination intensity sensor for measuring illumination intensity; the wind speed and direction sensor, the raindrop induction sensor and the illumination intensity sensor are all in communication connection with the processor. The data acquisition module acquires the current wind speed and the current wind direction through a wind speed and wind direction sensor, acquires the rainfall through a rain drop induction sensor, further judges the dropping speed of the rain drops, and obtains the dip angle of the rain drops and the ground according to the wind speed and the dropping speed of the rain drops; as the cleaning effect is best when the light Fu Banzheng is used for cleaning the raindrops, the inclination angle is calculated by the processor, and the angle adjusting module is controlled according to the inclination angle, so that the angle of the photovoltaic panel is controlled, and the raindrops clean the photovoltaic panel; the illumination intensity is acquired through the illumination intensity sensor, the processor judges that the current weather is sunny according to the illumination intensity, and the angle of the photovoltaic panel is controlled through the angle adjusting module, so that the sun is tracked. In the structure, the photovoltaic panel can generate power by sun-tracking in sunny days, and can be used as a cleaning mechanism in rainy days, so that the use efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is improved.
Preferably, the angle adjusting module comprises a base, a first stepping motor, a second stepping motor and a third stepping motor; wherein, both ends of the photovoltaic panel are rotationally connected to the base; the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor are arranged on the base and are respectively positioned at two ends of the photovoltaic panel; the first stepping motor is connected with one end of the photovoltaic panel, and the second stepping motor is connected with the other end of the photovoltaic panel; the third stepping motor is used for driving the base to rotate; the first stepping motor, the second stepping motor and the third stepping motor are all in communication connection with the processor. By adopting the structure, the first stepping motor, the second stepping motor and the third stepping motor are controlled to start and stop by the processor, so that the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel can be controlled. Specifically, the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor can control the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the vertical direction, and the third stepping motor can control the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the horizontal direction, so that angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel in all directions is realized, and adjustment flexibility is high.
Preferably, the base is provided with a groove, and the top of the groove is provided with an opening; wherein the photovoltaic panel is positioned at the opening; the bottom of the groove is provided with an arch structure, and two ends of the arch structure are provided with water discharge holes. By adopting the structure, the photovoltaic panel is convenient to install; in addition, the arch structure is favorable to the drainage, and the rainwater that falls into in the recess can guide the rainwater to discharge from the wash port through the arch structure, and the drainage is convenient.
A method of cleaning a photovoltaic panel comprising the steps of:
(1) The data acquisition module acquires current weather data in real time and sends the weather data to the processor;
(2) The processor receives weather data and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, and the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel so that the photovoltaic panel is aligned to the direction of the wind and rain; when the processor judges that the current weather is sunny, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, and the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel so that the photovoltaic panel tracks the sun.
Preferentially, in the step (1), the data acquisition module acquires current weather data in real time, and the specific steps of sending the weather data to the processor are as follows: collecting illumination intensity in real time through an illumination intensity sensor; collecting wind speed and wind direction in real time through a wind speed and wind direction sensor; acquiring rainfall information in real time through a raindrop induction sensor; then, the illumination intensity, the wind speed, the wind direction and the rainfall information are sent to a processor;
in step (2), the processor receives weather data and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, and the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is aligned with the specific steps of the wind and rain direction: the processor analyzes the wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and illumination intensity; when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor judges the falling speed of raindrops through rainfall information, calculates the dip angle of the raindrops according to the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrops, and sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, wherein the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel so that the sum of the angle of the photovoltaic panel and the dip angle is 90 degrees. Through adjusting the angle sum of the angle and the dip angle of the photovoltaic plate to 90 degrees, the photovoltaic plate can be just opposite to rainwater, and therefore a better cleaning effect is achieved.
Preferably, in step (2), the specific steps of analyzing the wind speed, the wind direction, the rainfall and the illumination intensity by the processor are as follows: the processor analyzes the illumination intensity;
when the illumination intensity is lower than the threshold value, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to enable the photovoltaic panel to stop tracking the sun; the processor judges whether the raindrop sensing sensor is a rainy day according to the rainfall information acquired by the raindrop sensing sensor; when raining, the raindrop sensing sensor measures the diameter of raindrops; the method comprises the steps that the wind speed, the wind direction and the diameter of raindrops are sent to a processor, the processor judges the falling speed of the raindrops according to the diameter of the raindrops, and the dip angle of the raindrops is calculated according to the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrops; when no rain falls, the rainfall information is sent to the processor, and the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, so that the angle adjusting module stops working;
when the illumination intensity is higher than the threshold value, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to enable the photovoltaic panel to track the sun, and the photovoltaic panel works normally.
Preferably, in step (2), the inclination of the raindrops is calculated from the wind speed and the speed at which the raindrops fall, the inclination being calculated by the following formula:
wherein θ is represented as an inclination angle of a raindrop, and the unit is an angle; u (u) r Expressed as the speed of rain drops falling in m/s; u (u) w Expressed as wind speed in m/s.
Preferably, when the raindrop sensing sensor measures that the diameter of the raindrops is smaller than or equal to 0.5mm during raining, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to face the photovoltaic panel away from the wind and rain direction; when the raindrop sensor measures that the diameter of the raindrops is larger than 0.5mm, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to align the photovoltaic panel to the direction of wind and rain. By adopting the method, as the rainwater is too small, the cleaning effect cannot be achieved, and the rain marks are easily left on the photovoltaic panel, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to back the photovoltaic panel to the wind and rain direction, so that the photovoltaic panel can not be sprayed by the rainwater, and the rainwater can be prevented from being too small to leave the rain marks on the photovoltaic panel.
Preferentially, when the raindrop sensor measures that the diameter of the raindrops is larger than 0.5mm, the raindrop sensor sends raindrop information to the processor, and after the processor controls the angle adjusting module to back the photovoltaic panel to the wind and rain direction for m minutes, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to forward the photovoltaic panel to the wind and rain direction. The method adopts the steps, and aims at avoiding bringing dust in rain into the photovoltaic panel by firstly facing the photovoltaic panel away from the direction of wind and rain for m minutes due to a large amount of dust in the rain when m minutes are started; when no dust is contained in the rainwater, the cleaning effect can be improved.
A photovoltaic device includes a photovoltaic panel and a cleaning system disposed on the photovoltaic panel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the cleaning system, the data acquisition module acquires current weather data in real time, the acquired weather data are sent to the processor, the processor performs processing judgment according to the current weather data, when the current weather is judged to be rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is in the direction of wind and rain, and the photovoltaic panel is cleaned through wind and rain; the system can capture wind and rain, automatically clean the photovoltaic panel through wind and rain, has high cleaning efficiency, can save water resources, and has low cleaning cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of one embodiment of a cleaning system for a photovoltaic panel in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the cleaning system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a control flow chart of the cleaning system in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will well understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following describes the present invention further with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present embodiment discloses a cleaning system for a photovoltaic panel, which includes a data acquisition module for acquiring weather data, a processing module for processing the weather data, and an angle adjustment module for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1; the processing module comprises a processor, wherein the processor is respectively in communication connection with the data acquisition module and the angle adjustment module; the data acquisition module sends acquired weather data to the processor, and when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is opposite to the direction of wind and rain. The system can catch wind and rain in rainy days, and automatically clean the photovoltaic panel 1 through wind and rain, and cleaning efficiency is high, can also save water resource, and cleaning cost is low.
Referring to fig. 4, the data acquisition module includes a wind speed and direction sensor for measuring wind speed and direction, a raindrop induction sensor for acquiring rainfall information, and an illumination intensity sensor for measuring illumination intensity; the wind speed and direction sensor, the raindrop induction sensor and the illumination intensity sensor are all in communication connection with the processor. The data acquisition module acquires the current wind speed and the current wind direction through a wind speed and wind direction sensor, acquires the rainfall through a rain drop induction sensor, further judges the dropping speed of the rain drops, and obtains the dip angle of the rain drops and the ground according to the wind speed and the dropping speed of the rain drops; because the cleaning effect is best when the photovoltaic panel 1 is opposite to the raindrops, the inclination angle is calculated by the processor, and the angle adjusting module is controlled according to the inclination angle, so that the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 is controlled, and the raindrops clean the photovoltaic panel 1; the illumination intensity is acquired through the illumination intensity sensor, the processor judges that the current weather is sunny according to the illumination intensity, and the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 is controlled through the angle adjusting module, so that the sun is tracked. In the structure, the photovoltaic panel 1 can generate power by sun-tracking in sunny days, and can be used as a cleaning mechanism in rainy days, so that the use efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is improved.
Referring to fig. 4, the processor is a stm32f103 single-chip microcomputer, and is used for tracking the sun and cleaning the photovoltaic panel 1 by using wind and rain; the wind speed and direction sensor is connected with the singlechip through an RS485 communication protocol and transmits data; the raindrop induction sensor is input into the singlechip through AD port sampling. The stm32f103 singlechip is used as a main control chip, so that the automation degree is high, and the cleaning effect is good.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the angle adjustment module includes a base 2, a first stepping motor 3, a second stepping motor 4, and a third stepping motor 5; wherein, the two ends of the photovoltaic panel 1 are rotatably connected to the base 2; the first stepping motor 3 and the second stepping motor 4 are arranged on the base 2 and are respectively positioned at two ends of the photovoltaic panel 1; wherein, the first stepping motor 3 is connected with one end of the photovoltaic panel 1, and the second stepping motor 4 is connected with the other end of the photovoltaic panel 1; the third stepping motor 5 is used for driving the base 2 to rotate; the first stepping motor 3, the second stepping motor 4 and the third stepping motor 5 are all in communication connection with the single chip microcomputer. By adopting the structure, the starting and stopping of the first stepping motor 3, the second stepping motor 4 and the third stepping motor 5 are controlled by the singlechip, so that the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 1 can be controlled. Specifically, the first stepper motor 3 and the second stepper motor 4 can control the photovoltaic panel 1 to rotate in the vertical direction, and the third stepper motor 5 can control the photovoltaic panel 1 to rotate in the horizontal direction, so that angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 1 in all directions is realized, and adjustment flexibility is high.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the first stepper motor 3 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 1 through a first coupling 6; the second stepping motor 4 is connected with the photovoltaic panel 1 through a second coupler 7; the third stepper motor 5 is connected with the photovoltaic panel 1 through a third coupling 8.
Referring to fig. 2, the base 2 is provided with a groove 9, and the top of the groove 9 is provided with an opening; wherein the photovoltaic panel 1 is positioned at the opening; an arch structure 10 is arranged at the bottom of the groove 9, and drain holes 11 are arranged at two ends of the arch structure 10. By adopting the structure, the photovoltaic panel 1 is convenient to install; in addition, the arch structure 10 is beneficial to drainage, and rainwater falling into the groove 9 can guide the rainwater to drain from the water drain hole 11 through the arch structure 10, so that the drainage is convenient.
Further, the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 is coated with a hydrophilic material. Thus, the cleaning effect of the rainwater can be improved.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the working principle of the cleaning system for a photovoltaic panel is as follows:
when the photovoltaic panel cleaning device works, the data acquisition module acquires current weather data in real time, the acquired weather data are sent to the processor, the processor performs processing judgment according to the current weather data, when the current weather is judged to be rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is opposite to the direction of wind and rain, and the photovoltaic panel 1 is cleaned through wind and rain; when the current weather is judged to be sunny, the photovoltaic panel 1 works normally.
Referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment also discloses a cleaning method of the photovoltaic panel 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) The data acquisition module acquires current weather data in real time and sends the weather data to the processor;
(2) The processor receives weather data and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, and the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 so that the photovoltaic panel 1 faces the direction of the wind and rain; when the processor judges that the current weather is sunny, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, and the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 so that the photovoltaic panel 1 tracks the sun.
In the steps, the photovoltaic panel 1 can generate power by sun-tracking in sunny days, and the photovoltaic panel can be used as a cleaning mechanism in rainy days, so that the use efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is improved.
Referring to fig. 4, in step (1), the data acquisition module acquires current weather data in real time, and sends the weather data to the processor, which specifically includes: collecting illumination intensity in real time through an illumination intensity sensor; collecting wind speed and wind direction in real time through a wind speed and wind direction sensor; acquiring rainfall information in real time through a raindrop induction sensor; the illumination intensity, wind speed, wind direction and rainfall information is then sent to the processor.
Referring to fig. 4, in step (2), the processor receives weather data and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, and the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is opposite to the direction of the wind and rain, and the specific steps are as follows: the processor analyzes the wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and illumination intensity; when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor judges the falling speed of raindrops through rainfall information, calculates the dip angle of the raindrops according to the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrops, and sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, and the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 so that the sum of the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 and the dip angle is 90 degrees. Through the angle of adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic board 1 and the angle sum of inclination for 90 degrees for the photovoltaic board 1 can just face the rainwater, and the cleaning force that photovoltaic board 1 received is biggest, thereby reaches better clean effect.
Referring to fig. 4, in step (2), firstly, the illumination intensity is acquired in real time by an illumination intensity sensor and the illumination intensity information is sent to a processor;
when the illumination intensity is lower than the threshold value, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to enable the photovoltaic panel 1 to stop tracking the sun; collecting wind speed and wind direction in real time through a wind speed and wind direction sensor; then detecting whether the raindrop sensing sensor is in a rainy day or not; when raining, the raindrop sensing sensor measures the diameter of raindrops; the method comprises the steps that the wind speed, the wind direction and the diameter of raindrops are sent to a processor, the processor judges the falling speed of the raindrops according to the diameter of the raindrops, and the dip angle of the raindrops is calculated according to the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrops; the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, and the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 so that the sum of the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 and the inclination angle is 90 degrees; when no rain falls, the rainfall information is sent to the processor, and the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, so that the angle adjusting module stops working;
when the illumination intensity is higher than the threshold value, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to enable the photovoltaic panel 1 to track the sun, and the photovoltaic panel 1 works normally.
Specifically, the raindrop sensing sensor detects whether rainy days are rainy days or not, if so, rainy days are detected by the raindrop sensing sensor; if not, it is not raining.
Referring to fig. 4, in step (2), the inclination of the raindrops is calculated from the wind speed and the speed at which the raindrops fall, the inclination being calculated by the following formula:
wherein θ is represented as an inclination angle of a raindrop, and the unit is an angle; u (u) r Expressed as the speed of rain drops falling in m/s; u (u) w Expressed as wind speed in m/s.
Further, the ending speed of the capillary rain (the diameter of the raindrops is 0.5 mm) is 2m/s, and the maximum ending speed of the heavy rain (the maximum diameter of the raindrops is 5.5 mm) is 8-9m/s.
Referring to fig. 4, when the raindrop sensing sensor measures that the diameter of the raindrops is less than or equal to 0.5mm during raining, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to face the photovoltaic panel 1 away from the direction of the wind and rain; when the raindrop sensor measures that the diameter of the raindrops is larger than 0.5mm, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to enable the photovoltaic panel 1 to face the direction of wind and rain. By adopting the method, as the rainwater is too small, the cleaning effect cannot be achieved, and the rain marks are easily left on the photovoltaic panel 1, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to face the photovoltaic panel 1 back to the wind and rain direction, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 can not be showered by the rainwater, and the rainwater can be prevented from being too small to leave the rain marks on the photovoltaic panel 1.
Specifically, the photovoltaic panel 1 faces in the weather direction, i.e., the front surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 faces in the weather, and rainwater hits the front surface of the photovoltaic panel 1. The photovoltaic panel 1 faces away from the direction of the wind and rain, i.e. the back of the photovoltaic panel 1 faces the wind and rain, and rain hits the back of the photovoltaic panel 1.
Referring to fig. 4, when the raindrop sensor measures that the diameter of the raindrops is greater than 0.5mm, the raindrop sensor sends raindrop information to the processor, and after the processor controls the angle adjusting module to back the photovoltaic panel 1 to the wind and rain direction for 5 minutes, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to directly face the photovoltaic panel 1 to the wind and rain direction. The aim of adopting the steps is that when the beginning time is 5 minutes, the photovoltaic panel 1 is firstly faced to the direction of wind and rain for 5 minutes due to a large amount of dust in the rain, so that the dust in the rain is prevented from being brought into the photovoltaic panel 1; when no dust is contained in the rainwater, the cleaning effect can be improved.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present embodiment also discloses a photovoltaic device comprising a photovoltaic panel 1 and a cleaning system arranged on the photovoltaic panel 1.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The cleaning method of the photovoltaic panel is characterized by being applied to a cleaning system of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the cleaning system comprises a data acquisition module for acquiring weather data, a processing module for processing the weather data and an angle adjustment module for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel; the processing module comprises a processor, wherein the processor is respectively in communication connection with the data acquisition module and the angle adjustment module; the data acquisition module sends acquired weather data to the processor, and when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel so that the photovoltaic panel faces the direction of wind and rain;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The data acquisition module acquires current weather data in real time and sends the weather data to the processor;
(2) The processor receives weather data and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, and the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel so that the photovoltaic panel is aligned to the direction of the wind and rain; when the processor judges that the current weather is sunny, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, and the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel so that the photovoltaic panel tracks the sun;
in the step (1), the data acquisition module acquires current weather data in real time and sends the weather data to the processor, and the specific steps are as follows: collecting illumination intensity in real time through an illumination intensity sensor; collecting wind speed and wind direction in real time through a wind speed and wind direction sensor; acquiring rainfall information in real time through a raindrop induction sensor; then, the illumination intensity, the wind speed, the wind direction and the rainfall information are sent to a processor;
in step (2), the processor receives weather data and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, and the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is aligned with the specific steps of the wind and rain direction: the processor analyzes the wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and illumination intensity; when the processor judges that the current weather is rainy days, the processor judges the falling speed of raindrops through rainfall information, calculates the dip angle of the raindrops according to the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrops, and sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, wherein the angle adjusting module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel so that the sum of the angle of the photovoltaic panel and the dip angle is 90 degrees.
2. The method for cleaning a photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module comprises a wind speed and direction sensor for measuring wind speed and direction, a raindrop induction sensor for acquiring rainfall information, and an illumination intensity sensor for measuring illumination intensity; the wind speed and direction sensor, the raindrop induction sensor and the illumination intensity sensor are all in communication connection with the processor;
the angle adjusting module comprises a base, a first stepping motor, a second stepping motor and a third stepping motor; wherein, both ends of the photovoltaic panel are rotationally connected to the base; the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor are arranged on the base and are respectively positioned at two ends of the photovoltaic panel; the first stepping motor is connected with one end of the photovoltaic panel, and the second stepping motor is connected with the other end of the photovoltaic panel; the third stepping motor is used for driving the base to rotate; the first stepping motor, the second stepping motor and the third stepping motor are all in communication connection with the processor.
3. A method of cleaning a photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, wherein the base is provided with a recess, the recess having an opening at the top; wherein the photovoltaic panel is positioned at the opening; the bottom of the groove is provided with an arch structure, and two ends of the arch structure are provided with water discharge holes.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the specific steps of analyzing the wind speed, the wind direction, the rainfall and the illumination intensity by the processor are as follows: the processor analyzes the illumination intensity;
when the illumination intensity is lower than the threshold value, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to enable the photovoltaic panel to stop tracking the sun; the processor judges whether the raindrop sensing sensor is a rainy day according to the rainfall information acquired by the raindrop sensing sensor; when raining, the raindrop sensing sensor measures the diameter of raindrops; the wind speed, the wind direction and the diameter of the raindrops are sent to a processor, and the processor judges the falling speed of the raindrops according to the diameter of the raindrops; when no rain falls, the rainfall information is sent to the processor, and the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjusting module, so that the angle adjusting module stops working;
when the illumination intensity is higher than the threshold value, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to enable the photovoltaic panel to track the sun, and the photovoltaic panel works normally.
5. The method of cleaning a photovoltaic panel according to claim 4, wherein in step (2), the inclination of the raindrops is calculated from the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrops, and is calculated by the following formula:
wherein θ is represented as an inclination angle of a raindrop, and the unit is an angle; u (u) r Expressed as the speed of rain drops falling in m/s; u (u) w Expressed as wind speed in m/s.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the processor controls the angle adjusting module to face the photovoltaic panel away from the wind and rain direction when the raindrop sensor measures the diameter of the raindrops to be less than or equal to 0.5mm during the rain; when the raindrop sensor measures that the diameter of the raindrops is larger than 0.5mm, the processor controls the angle adjusting module to align the photovoltaic panel to the direction of wind and rain.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the raindrop sensor sends raindrop information to the processor when the raindrop sensor measures that the diameter of raindrops is larger than 0.5mm, and the processor controls the angle adjustment module to face the photovoltaic panel against the wind and rain direction for m minutes after the angle adjustment module is controlled by the processor to face the photovoltaic panel against the wind and rain direction.
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