CN113922744A - Photovoltaic panel cleaning system, cleaning method and photovoltaic device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic panel cleaning system, a cleaning method and a photovoltaic device. The cleaning system includes a data acquisition module for collecting weather data, a processing module for processing the weather data, and an angle adjustment module for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel. wherein, the processing module includes a processor, wherein the processor is respectively connected to the data acquisition module and the angle adjustment module in communication; the data acquisition module sends the collected weather data to the processor, and when the processor determines that When the current weather is rainy, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel so that the photovoltaic panel faces the direction of wind and rain. In rainy days, the system can capture wind and rain, and automatically clean the photovoltaic panels through wind and rain, with high cleaning efficiency, saving water resources, and low cleaning costs.

Description

Photovoltaic panel cleaning system, cleaning method and photovoltaic device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic panel cleaning system, a cleaning method and a photovoltaic device.

Background technique

With the continuous development and progress of human society, environmental problems are becoming more and more serious. Energy conservation and emission reduction, green development, and the development and utilization of various renewable energy have become the development strategies of all countries in the world. As a kind of renewable energy, solar energy has attracted the attention of countries around the world, and the photovoltaic power generation industry related to it has also been vigorously developed. Photovoltaic power generation is the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy, consisting of thin solid photovoltaic cells made of semiconductor materials such as silicon. Since there are no moving parts, it can be operated for a long time without causing any wear. Simple photovoltaic cells can power watches and calculators, while more complex photovoltaic systems can light a house and power the grid.

Since photovoltaic power generation needs to use solar energy, photovoltaic modules need to be set outdoors, and the dust coverage in the air has a great impact on the energy conversion of photovoltaic panels. Therefore, photovoltaic modules need to be cleaned. At present, the main cleaning methods include manual regular cleaning, high-pressure water gun spraying water on the surface of photovoltaic modules for cleaning, robot automatic cleaning or nano-film self-cleaning. However, the above cleaning methods have the following shortcomings:

Manual cleaning on a regular basis is cumbersome to operate and has low work efficiency; high-pressure water gun cleaning is easy to damage the surface of photovoltaic panels and waste water resources; robotic automatic cleaning and nano-film self-cleaning technologies require high investment costs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems, and provide a cleaning system for photovoltaic panels, which can capture wind and rain in rainy days, and automatically clean the photovoltaic panels through wind and rain, with high cleaning efficiency and saving water resources. , and the cleaning cost is low.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning method for a photovoltaic panel.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic device.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A photovoltaic panel cleaning system, comprising a data acquisition module for collecting weather data, a processing module for processing the weather data, and an angle adjustment module for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel; wherein,

The processing module includes a processor, wherein the processor is connected in communication with the data acquisition module and the angle adjustment module respectively; the data acquisition module sends the collected weather data to the processor, and when the processor determines that the current weather is In rainy days, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel so that the photovoltaic panel faces the direction of wind and rain.

The working principle of the above-mentioned photovoltaic panel cleaning system is:

When working, the data acquisition module collects the current weather data in real time, and sends the collected weather data to the processor. The processor processes and judges according to the current weather data. When it is judged that the current weather is rainy, the processor adjusts the angle to the angle. The module sends a control command, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is facing the direction of wind and rain, and the photovoltaic panel is cleaned by wind and rain; when it is judged that the current weather is sunny, the photovoltaic panel works normally.

In a preferred solution of the present invention, the data collection module includes a wind speed and direction sensor for measuring wind speed and wind direction, a raindrop sensor for collecting rainfall information, and a light intensity sensor for measuring light intensity; wherein, the The wind speed and direction sensor, the raindrop sensor and the light intensity sensor are all connected in communication with the processor. The above data acquisition module collects the current wind speed and wind direction through the wind speed and direction sensor, and collects the amount of rain through the raindrop sensor, and then judges the falling speed of the raindrops. When there are raindrops, the cleaning effect is the best. The inclination angle is calculated by the processor, and the angle adjustment module is controlled according to the inclination angle, so as to control the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the raindrops clean the photovoltaic panel; the light intensity is collected by the light intensity sensor, and the processor is based on the light intensity. It is judged that the current weather is sunny, and the angle of the photovoltaic panel is controlled by the angle adjustment module to track the sun. In the above structure, the photovoltaic panel can be used for power generation in sunny days, and can be used as a cleaning mechanism in rainy days, which improves its use efficiency.

Preferably, the angle adjustment module includes a base, a first stepping motor, a second stepping motor and a third stepping motor; wherein, both ends of the photovoltaic panel are rotatably connected to the base; the first stepping motor The motor and the second stepper motor are arranged on the base, and are respectively located at two ends of the photovoltaic panel; wherein, the first stepper motor is connected to one end of the photovoltaic panel, and the second stepper motor is connected to the photovoltaic panel. The other end of the board is connected; the third stepper motor is used to drive the base to rotate; the first stepper motor, the second stepper motor and the third stepper motor are all connected in communication with the processor. With the above structure, the start and stop of the first stepper motor, the second stepper motor and the third stepper motor are controlled by the processor to control the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel. Specifically, the first stepper motor and the second stepper motor can control the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the vertical direction, and the third stepper motor can control the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the horizontal direction, so as to realize the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel in all directions , the adjustment flexibility is high.

Preferably, the base is provided with a groove, and the top of the groove has an opening; wherein, the photovoltaic panel is located at the opening; the bottom of the groove is provided with an arch structure, and both ends of the arch structure are provided with There are drain holes. The adoption of the above structure facilitates the installation of the photovoltaic panels; in addition, the arched structure is conducive to drainage, and the rainwater falling into the groove can be guided to be discharged from the drain hole through the arched structure, and the drainage is convenient.

A method for cleaning photovoltaic panels, comprising the following steps:

(1) The data acquisition module collects the current weather data in real time, and sends the weather data to the processor;

(2) The processor receives the weather data, and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor determines that the current weather is rainy, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is For the direction of wind and rain; when the processor determines that the current weather is sunny, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel tracks the sun.

Preferably, in step (1), the data collection module collects current weather data in real time, and sends the weather data to the processor. The specific steps are: collecting light intensity in real time through a light intensity sensor; collecting wind speed in real time through a wind speed and direction sensor. and wind direction; collect rainfall information in real time through raindrop sensor; then send light intensity, wind speed, wind direction and rainfall information to the processor;

In step (2), the processor receives the weather data, and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor determines that the current weather is rainy, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, The specific steps for making the photovoltaic panel face the direction of wind and rain are: the processor analyzes the wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and light intensity; when the processor determines that the current weather is rainy, the processor determines the falling speed of the raindrops according to the rainfall information. The wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrops calculate the inclination of the raindrops. The processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel so that the sum of the angle of the photovoltaic panel and the angle of inclination is 90 degrees. By adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel and the angle of inclination to 90 degrees, the photovoltaic panel can face the rainwater, so as to achieve a better cleaning effect.

Preferably, in step (2), the specific steps for the processor to analyze the wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and light intensity are: the processor analyzes the light intensity;

When the light intensity is lower than the threshold, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to stop the photovoltaic panel from tracking the sun; the processor determines whether it is rainy according to the rainfall information collected by the raindrop sensor; when it rains, the raindrop sensor measures the diameter of the raindrop; Send the wind speed, wind direction and the diameter of raindrops to the processor, the processor judges the falling speed of the raindrops according to the diameter of the raindrops, and calculates the inclination angle of the raindrops according to the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrops; when there is no rain, the rainfall information is sent to A processor, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, so that the angle adjustment module stops working;

When the light intensity is higher than the threshold, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to make the photovoltaic panels track the sun and the photovoltaic panels work normally.

Preferably, in step (2), the inclination angle of the raindrop is calculated according to the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrop, and the inclination angle is calculated by the following formula:

Among them, θ represents the inclination angle of the raindrop, the unit is °; ur represents the falling speed of the raindrop, the unit is m/s; _{u w} represents the wind speed, the unit is m/s.

Preferably, when it rains, when the diameter of the raindrop measured by the raindrop sensor sensor is less than or equal to 0.5mm, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to turn the photovoltaic panel away from the direction of wind and rain; when the diameter of the raindrop measured by the raindrop sensor is greater than 0.5mm, the processor Control the angle adjustment module to face the photovoltaic panel in the direction of wind and rain. With the above method, since the rainwater is too small, the cleaning effect cannot be achieved, and it is easy to leave rain marks on the photovoltaic panel. The processor controls the angle adjustment module to turn the photovoltaic panel away from the wind and rain direction, so that the photovoltaic panel can not be exposed to the rain. It can prevent too little rain from leaving rain marks on the photovoltaic panel.

Preferentially, when the diameter of the raindrop measured by the raindrop sensor is greater than 0.5mm, the raindrop sensor sends the raindrop information to the processor, and the processor controls the angle adjustment module to turn the photovoltaic panel away from the wind and rain direction after m minutes, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to put the photovoltaic The board is facing the direction of wind and rain. The purpose of adopting the above steps is that in the first m minutes, since there is a lot of dust in the rain, the photovoltaic panel is first turned away from the wind and rain direction for m minutes, so as to avoid the dust in the rain being brought into the photovoltaic panel; when the rain does not contain dust, Can improve cleaning effect.

A photovoltaic device includes a photovoltaic panel and a cleaning system disposed on the photovoltaic panel.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The cleaning system in the present invention collects the current weather data in real time through the data acquisition module, sends the collected weather data to the processor, and the processor processes and judges according to the current weather data. When it is judged that the current weather is rainy, The processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is facing the direction of wind and rain, and the photovoltaic panel is cleaned by wind and rain; Clean, high cleaning efficiency, can save water resources, and low cleaning cost.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a specific embodiment of a photovoltaic panel cleaning system in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 1 .

Figure 3 is a top view of the cleaning system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a control flow chart of the cleaning system in the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention well understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 , the present embodiment discloses a photovoltaic panel cleaning system, including a data acquisition module for collecting weather data, a processing module for processing weather data, and an angle adjustment for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 wherein, the processing module includes a processor, wherein the processor is connected in communication with the data acquisition module and the angle adjustment module respectively; the data acquisition module sends the collected weather data to the processor, and when the processor judges When the current weather is rainy, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 so that the photovoltaic panel 1 faces the wind and rain direction. In rainy days, the system can capture wind and rain, and automatically clean the photovoltaic panel 1 through wind and rain, with high cleaning efficiency, saving water resources, and low cleaning cost.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the data acquisition module includes a wind speed and direction sensor for measuring wind speed and wind direction, a raindrop sensor for collecting rainfall information, and a light intensity sensor for measuring light intensity; wherein, the wind speed and direction sensor, raindrop Both the inductive sensor and the light intensity sensor are connected in communication with the processor. The above-mentioned data acquisition module collects the current wind speed and wind direction through the wind speed and direction sensor, and collects the amount of rainfall through the raindrop sensing sensor, and then judges the falling speed of the raindrops, and obtains the inclination angle between the raindrops and the ground according to the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrops; For raindrops, the cleaning effect is the best. The inclination angle is calculated by the processor, and the angle adjustment module is controlled according to the inclination angle, so as to control the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, so that the raindrops clean the photovoltaic panel 1; the light intensity is collected by the light intensity sensor, and the processor It is judged that the current weather is sunny according to the light intensity, and the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 is controlled by the angle adjustment module, so as to track the sun. In the above structure, the photovoltaic panel 1 can be used for power generation in sunny days, and can be used as a cleaning mechanism in rainy days, which improves its use efficiency.

Referring to FIG. 4, the processor is a stm32f103 single-chip microcomputer, which is used for tracking the sun and cleaning the photovoltaic panel 1 by wind and rain; wherein, the wind speed and direction sensor is connected with the single-chip microcomputer through the RS485 communication protocol and transmits data; the raindrop sensor is connected through the AD port Sampling input to the microcontroller. The stm32f103 single-chip microcomputer is used as the main control chip, which has a high degree of automation and a good cleaning effect.

1-3, the angle adjustment module includes a base 2, a first stepper motor 3, a second stepper motor 4 and a third stepper motor 5; wherein, both ends of the photovoltaic panel 1 are rotatably connected to on the base 2; the first stepping motor 3 and the second stepping motor 4 are arranged on the base 2, and are respectively located at both ends of the photovoltaic panel 1; wherein, the first stepping motor 3 and the photovoltaic panel are 1. One end is connected, and the second stepper motor 4 is connected to the other end of the photovoltaic panel 1; the third stepper motor 5 is used to drive the base 2 to rotate; the first stepper motor 3, Both the second stepper motor 4 and the third stepper motor 5 are connected in communication with the single-chip microcomputer. With the above structure, the start and stop of the first stepper motor 3 , the second stepper motor 4 and the third stepper motor 5 are controlled by the single chip microcomputer, so that the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 1 can be controlled. Specifically, the first stepper motor 3 and the second stepper motor 4 can control the photovoltaic panel 1 to rotate in the vertical direction, and the third stepper motor 5 can control the photovoltaic panel 1 to rotate in the horizontal direction, so as to realize the 1 Angle adjustment in all directions, high adjustment flexibility.

1-3, the first stepping motor 3 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 1 through a first coupling 6; the second stepping motor 4 is connected to the photovoltaic panel through a second coupling 7 1 connection; the third stepper motor 5 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 1 through the third coupling 8 .

Referring to FIG. 2, the base 2 is provided with a groove 9, and the top of the groove 9 has an opening; wherein, the photovoltaic panel 1 is located at the opening; the bottom of the groove 9 is provided with an arch structure 10, the Both ends of the arched structure 10 are provided with drain holes 11 . The above structure is used to facilitate the installation of the photovoltaic panel 1; in addition, the arched structure 10 is conducive to drainage, and the rainwater falling into the groove 9 can be guided to drain from the drain hole 11 through the arched structure 10, which is convenient for drainage.

Further, the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 is coated with a hydrophilic material. This can improve the cleaning effect of rainwater.

Referring to Figures 1-4, the working principle of the above-mentioned photovoltaic panel cleaning system is:

When working, the data acquisition module collects the current weather data in real time, and sends the collected weather data to the processor. The processor processes and judges according to the current weather data. When it is judged that the current weather is rainy, the processor adjusts the angle to the angle. The module sends a control command, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is facing the direction of wind and rain, and the photovoltaic panel 1 is cleaned by wind and rain; when it is judged that the current weather is sunny, the photovoltaic panel 1 works normally.

Referring to FIG. 4 , this embodiment also discloses a cleaning method for the photovoltaic panel 1 , which includes the following steps:

(1) The data acquisition module collects the current weather data in real time, and sends the weather data to the processor;

(2) The processor receives the weather data, and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor determines that the current weather is rainy, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is facing the direction of wind and rain; when the processor determines that the current weather is sunny, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 so that the photovoltaic panel 1 tracks the sun.

In the above steps, the photovoltaic panel 1 can be used for power generation in sunny days, and can be used as a cleaning mechanism in rainy days, which improves its use efficiency.

Referring to Fig. 4, in step (1), the data collection module collects current weather data in real time, and sends the weather data to the processor. The specific steps are: real-time collection of light intensity through an illumination intensity sensor; real-time collection through a wind speed and direction sensor Wind speed and wind direction; real-time rainfall information is collected by raindrop sensor; then light intensity, wind speed, wind direction and rainfall information are sent to the processor.

Referring to Figure 4, in step (2), the processor receives weather data, and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor determines that the current weather is rainy, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the photovoltaic The angle of the panel 1, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 is facing the direction of wind and rain, the specific steps are: the processor analyzes the wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and light intensity; when the processor determines that the current weather is rainy, the processor determines through the rainfall information. The falling speed of the raindrops, the inclination angle of the raindrops is calculated according to the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrops, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, so that the angle sum of the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 and the angle of inclination is 90 degrees. By adjusting the angle sum of the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 and the inclination angle to 90 degrees, the photovoltaic panel 1 can face the rainwater, and the photovoltaic panel 1 receives the maximum cleaning force, thereby achieving a better cleaning effect.

Referring to Fig. 4, in step (2), first collect the light intensity in real time through the light intensity sensor and send the light intensity information to the processor;

When the light intensity is lower than the threshold, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to stop the photovoltaic panel 1 from tracking the sun; the wind speed and wind direction are collected in real time through the wind speed and direction sensor; then the raindrop sensor is used to detect whether it is raining; when it rains, the raindrop sensor Measure the diameter of the raindrop; send the wind speed, wind direction and the diameter of the raindrop to the processor, the processor judges the falling speed of the raindrop through the diameter of the raindrop, and calculates the inclination angle of the raindrop according to the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrop; the processor sends the angle adjustment module to the Send a control command, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, so that the sum of the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 and the angle of inclination is 90 degrees; when there is no rain, the rainfall information is sent to the processor, and the processor sends the angle adjustment module. The control command makes the angle adjustment module stop working;

When the light intensity is higher than the threshold, the processor controls the angle adjustment module, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 tracks the sun, and the photovoltaic panel 1 works normally.

Specifically, the raindrop sensing sensor detects whether it is a rainy day by detecting whether there is rainwater through the raindrop sensing sensor, if there is, it is raining; if not, it is no rain.

Referring to Figure 4, in step (2), the inclination angle of the raindrop is calculated according to the wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrop, and the inclination angle is calculated by the following formula:

Among them, θ represents the inclination angle of the raindrop, the unit is °; ur represents the falling speed of the raindrop, the unit is m/s; _{u w} represents the wind speed, the unit is m/s.

Further, the finishing speed of drizzle (the diameter of raindrops is 0.5mm) is 2m/s, and the maximum finishing speed of heavy rain (the maximum diameter of raindrops is 5.5mm) is 8-9m/s.

Referring to Figure 4, when it rains, when the diameter of the raindrop measured by the raindrop sensor sensor is less than or equal to 0.5mm, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to turn the photovoltaic panel 1 away from the wind and rain direction; when the diameter of the raindrop measured by the raindrop sensor is greater than 0.5mm, The processor controls the angle adjustment module to face the photovoltaic panel 1 in the direction of wind and rain. With the above method, since the rainwater is too small, the cleaning effect cannot be achieved, and it is easy to leave rain marks on the photovoltaic panel 1. The processor controls the angle adjustment module to turn the photovoltaic panel 1 away from the wind and rain direction, so that the photovoltaic panel 1 can be protected from rainwater. It can prevent too little rainwater from leaving rain marks on the photovoltaic panel 1 .

Specifically, the photovoltaic panel 1 is facing the wind and rain direction, that is, the front side of the photovoltaic panel 1 is facing the wind and rain, and the rainwater hits the front side of the photovoltaic panel 1 . The photovoltaic panel 1 faces away from the wind and rain, that is, the photovoltaic panel 1 faces the wind and rain, and rain hits the back of the photovoltaic panel 1 .

Referring to Figure 4, when the diameter of the raindrop measured by the raindrop sensor is greater than 0.5mm, the raindrop sensor sends the raindrop information to the processor, and the processor controls the angle adjustment module to turn the photovoltaic panel 1 away from the wind and rain direction for 5 minutes. Place the photovoltaic panel 1 in the direction of wind and rain. The purpose of adopting the above steps is that in the first 5 minutes, since there is a lot of dust in the rain, the photovoltaic panel 1 is first turned away from the wind and rain direction for 5 minutes, so as to prevent the dust from the rain from being brought into the photovoltaic panel 1; when the rain does not contain dust can improve the cleaning effect.

Referring to FIGS. 1-3 , this embodiment further discloses a photovoltaic device, including a photovoltaic panel 1 and a cleaning system disposed on the photovoltaic panel 1 .

The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned content, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, All should be equivalent replacement modes, which are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A cleaning system for photovoltaic panels, characterized in that it comprises a data acquisition module for collecting weather data, a processing module for processing weather data, and an angle adjustment module for adjusting the angle of photovoltaic panels; wherein, The processing module includes a processor, wherein the processor is connected in communication with the data acquisition module and the angle adjustment module respectively; the data acquisition module sends the collected weather data to the processor, and when the processor determines that the current weather is In rainy days, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel so that the photovoltaic panel faces the direction of wind and rain. 2. A photovoltaic panel cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module comprises a wind speed and direction sensor for measuring wind speed and wind direction, a raindrop sensor for collecting rainfall information, and a A light intensity sensor for measuring light intensity; wherein, the wind speed and direction sensor, the raindrop sensor and the light intensity sensor are all connected in communication with the processor; The angle adjustment module includes a base, a first stepping motor, a second stepping motor and a third stepping motor; wherein, both ends of the photovoltaic panel are rotatably connected to the base; the first stepping motor is connected to the third stepping motor. Two stepping motors are arranged on the base and are located at both ends of the photovoltaic panel; wherein, the first stepping motor is connected to one end of the photovoltaic panel, and the second stepping motor is connected to the other end of the photovoltaic panel. one end is connected; the third stepper motor is used to drive the base to rotate; the first stepper motor, the second stepper motor and the third stepper motor are all connected in communication with the processor. 3. A photovoltaic panel cleaning system according to claim 2, wherein the base is provided with a groove, and the top of the groove has an opening; wherein the photovoltaic panel is located at the opening; the The bottom of the groove is provided with an arch structure, and both ends of the arch structure are provided with drain holes. 4. A method for cleaning a photovoltaic panel, wherein the method is applied to the cleaning system for a photovoltaic panel according to any one of the preceding claims 1-3, comprising the following steps: (1) The data acquisition module collects the current weather data in real time, and sends the weather data to the processor; (2) The processor receives the weather data, and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor determines that the current weather is rainy, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is For the direction of wind and rain; when the processor determines that the current weather is sunny, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel tracks the sun. 5. The method for cleaning a photovoltaic panel according to claim 4, wherein in step (1), the data acquisition module collects current weather data in real time, and sends the weather data to the specific steps in the processor It is: collect the light intensity in real time through the light intensity sensor; collect the wind speed and wind direction in real time through the wind speed and direction sensor; collect the rainfall information in real time through the raindrop sensor; and then send the light intensity, wind speed, wind direction and rainfall information to the processor; In step (2), the processor receives the weather data, and analyzes and calculates the weather data; when the processor determines that the current weather is rainy, the processor sends a control instruction to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, The specific steps for making the photovoltaic panel face the direction of wind and rain are: the processor analyzes the wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and light intensity; when the processor determines that the current weather is rainy, the processor determines the falling speed of the raindrops through the rainfall information, according to The wind speed and the falling speed of the raindrops calculate the inclination of the raindrops, the processor sends a control command to the angle adjustment module, and the angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that the sum of the angle of the photovoltaic panel and the angle of inclination is 90 degrees. 6. The cleaning method of a photovoltaic panel according to claim 5, wherein in step (2), the specific step of the processor analyzing wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and light intensity is: the processor analyzes the light strength analysis; When the light intensity is lower than the threshold, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to stop the photovoltaic panel from tracking the sun; the processor determines whether it is rainy according to the rainfall information collected by the raindrop sensor; when it rains, the raindrop sensor measures the diameter of the raindrop; Send the wind speed, wind direction and diameter of raindrops to the processor, and the processor judges the falling speed of the raindrops according to the diameter of the raindrops; when there is no rain, the rainfall information is sent to the processor, and the processor sends control instructions to the angle adjustment module, Make the angle adjustment module stop working; When the light intensity is higher than the threshold, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to make the photovoltaic panels track the sun and the photovoltaic panels work normally. 7. the cleaning method of a kind of photovoltaic panel according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that, in step (2), calculates the inclination angle of raindrop according to the speed of wind speed and raindrop falling, and this inclination angle is calculated by following formula:

Among them, θ represents the inclination angle of the raindrop, the unit is °; ur represents the falling speed of the raindrop, the unit is m/s; _{u w} represents the wind speed, the unit is m/s. 8 . The method for cleaning a photovoltaic panel according to claim 6 , wherein when it rains, when the diameter of the raindrop measured by the raindrop sensor sensor is less than or equal to 0.5 mm, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to place the photovoltaic panel back. 9 . For the direction of wind and rain; when the diameter of the raindrop measured by the raindrop sensor is greater than 0.5mm, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to face the photovoltaic panel in the direction of wind and rain. 9. The method for cleaning a photovoltaic panel according to claim 6, wherein when it rains, when the diameter of the raindrop measured by the raindrop sensor is greater than 0.5 mm, the raindrop sensor sends the raindrop information to the processor, and the processor controls the After the angle adjustment module turns the photovoltaic panel away from the wind and rain direction for m minutes, the processor controls the angle adjustment module to make the photovoltaic panel face the wind and rain direction. 10. A photovoltaic device, characterized by comprising a photovoltaic panel and the cleaning system according to any one of claims 1-3, which is disposed on the photovoltaic panel.

Images