CN113912300A - Hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113912300A CN113912300A CN202111312493.9A CN202111312493A CN113912300A CN 113912300 A CN113912300 A CN 113912300A CN 202111312493 A CN202111312493 A CN 202111312493A CN 113912300 A CN113912300 A CN 113912300A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B9/00—Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2214/00—Nature of the non-vitreous component
- C03C2214/30—Methods of making the composites
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of glass product preparation, in particular to a hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem artwork, wherein an artificial gem is solidified in transparent glass. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the melting glass of the product is glittering and translucent, the artificial gem in the hot melting glass is well fused with the glass liquid, the artificial gems with various shapes, colors and sizes can be melted in, and different refraction surfaces of different artificial gems are utilized to refract various colors; the artificial gem is internally fused in the glass, the fire color of the artificial gem can be represented in a doubling way, and the artificial gem can be shined under light; the artificial gem can be carved into a certain three-dimensional shape such as Buddha head, animals and the like; the pattern can be characters, a modeling diagram, a LOGO pattern can be customized images and texts such as an original design landscape, personalized product customization is realized, and the product is more beneficial to sale and popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of glass product preparation, and particularly relates to a hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem artwork and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The application range of the glass is very wide, home decoration, lamp decoration and illumination can be realized, articles for daily use can not be separated from the glass, the light transmission of the glass is good, the decoration feeling is strong, but the glass cannot refract colored light. The artificial gems are fused into the glass, so that common glass products can be more attractive, and can be customized through private persons, and the glass is suitable for different crowds and requirements.
In the existing manufacturing process, the artificial gem and the glass cannot be fused mutually, or the artificial gem is cracked at high temperature or the glass is cracked in the cooling process after the fusion mutually.
In view of this, this patent is filed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, through long-time repeated experiments, the method selects glass liquid raw materials, after melting, clarifying and selecting, the artificial gems are distributed on a base blank according to the needs of products, then the artificial gems and the glass liquid are organically fused together through secondary selecting, and then the artificial gems are annealed and polished.
The invention aims to provide a hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft.
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem is composed of transparent glass, artificial gems are solidified in the transparent glass, the artificial gems are distributed in the transparent glass, and the transparent glass is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 150 to 50 parts of quartz sand, 30 to 20 parts of sodium carbonate, 10 to 1 part of potassium carbonate, 15 to 5 parts of light calcium, 10 to 1 part of borax, 3 to 1 part of zinc oxide, 3 to 1 part of barium carbonate, 3 to 1 part of aluminum hydroxide, 5 to 1 part of potassium nitrate and 1.00 to 0.05 part of cerium oxide.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: uniformly mixing all the raw materials to obtain mixed raw material powder; the mass ratio of the raw materials is as follows: 150 to 50 parts of quartz sand, 30 to 20 parts of sodium carbonate, 10 to 1 part of potassium carbonate, 15 to 5 parts of light calcium, 10 to 1 part of borax, 3 to 1 part of zinc oxide, 3 to 1 part of barium carbonate, 3 to 1 part of aluminum hydroxide, 5 to 1 part of potassium nitrate and 1.00 to 0.05 part of cerium oxide;
(2) melting: putting the mixed raw material powder obtained in the step (1) into a glass kiln, and melting and clarifying the mixed raw material powder at 1350-1450 ℃ for 10-12 hours to obtain a molten material;
(3) selecting materials: manually picking the molten material prepared in the step (2) in the clarified molten glass for one to three times by using a stainless steel blowpipe, wherein the thicker the material layer is when the material picking times are more, the material layer is made into a solid ball or blown into a hollow ball, and cooling to the surface temperature of 700-800 ℃ to prepare a bottom blank;
(4) and (3) gem layout: placing artificial gemstones with different color modeling sections in the pits corresponding to the template according to a certain matrix pattern according to product requirements to obtain a stone distribution template for later use;
(5) heating the template: and (4) heating the stone distribution template obtained in the step (4) to 600-700 ℃ to obtain a high-temperature template, and if the heat control is not accurate, slowly heating to the target temperature. However, in actual production operation, the artificial gem can be directly laid on the heated template by experience, on the premise that proper wind power is matched with the template, the artificial gem is heated by utilizing the radiation heat of the template, and therefore the artificial gem is not broken due to over-speed heating;
(6) stone attachment: rolling the base blank obtained in the step (3) on the high-temperature template obtained in the step (5) in one direction to enable the surface of the base blank to be stained with the artificial gem, conducting the heat in the glass bubble to the artificial gem, then baking in a heating furnace at 900-1000 ℃ until the temperature of the glass is the same as that of the gem to obtain a stone-attached blank, wrapping more artificial gem by the surface softening part of the glass bubble, and better melting the artificial gem into the glass to reduce the gap between the artificial gem and the plane of the glass bubble, thereby reducing the generation of steam bubbles;
(7) secondary material picking: immersing the stone-attached blank prepared in the step (6) into molten glass, coating a layer of molten glass on the surface of the stone-attached blank, rolling the stone-attached blank in an iron bowl with water, cooling to 800 ℃, and shaping to a required shape to obtain a primary blank;
(8) molding: placing the primary blank obtained in the step (7) into a product mold for blow molding or manual molding to obtain a finished blank;
(9) annealing: uniformly cooling the finished blank obtained in the step (8) to room temperature after 3.5-36 h to obtain an annealed blank;
(10) processing: and (4) cutting, grinding and polishing the annealing blank obtained in the step (9) according to a product design drawing to obtain the artificial gem handicraft.
According to the preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft, the raw materials are as follows in mass ratio: 120 to 80 parts of quartz sand, 28 to 22 parts of calcined soda, 8 to 3 parts of potassium carbonate, 10 to 6 parts of light calcium, 8 to 3 parts of borax, 2 to 1 part of zinc oxide, 2 to 1.5 parts of barium carbonate, 2 to 1.2 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 3 to 2 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.85 to 0.35 part of cerium oxide.
According to the preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft, the raw materials are as follows in mass ratio: 100 parts of quartz sand, 25 parts of soda ash, 5 parts of potassium carbonate, 8 parts of light calcium, 5 parts of borax, 1.3 parts of zinc oxide, 1.8 parts of barium carbonate, 1.5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 2.5 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.45 part of cerium oxide.
According to the preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft, the colorant is a metal oxide colorant.
According to the preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft, the non-ferrous metal oxide colorant is cobalt oxide, the decolorant is mixed cobalt, the mixed cobalt is a mixture, and the addition ratio of the cobalt oxide to the aluminum oxide is 300: 1; according to the iron content of the raw materials, the use amount of the glass needs to be different to achieve pure, clear and transparent glass.
According to the preparation method of the hot-melt glass internally-fused artificial gem handicraft, according to the specific embodiment of the invention, 0.5-3 per thousand mass percent of colorant material can be added into the raw materials in the step (1) to color the clear transparent glass into colored transparent glass.
According to the preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft, the non-ferrous metal oxide colorant is one or a combination of erbium oxide, copper oxide, neodymium oxide and nickel oxide.
According to the preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft, the template in the step (4) is made of pig iron.
The artificial gem described herein also needs to meet the following criteria:
A. the melting point is more than 1200 ℃, if the melting point is lower than the melting point, the sharp corners of the glass melt can not be melted when the glass melt is formed, the original shape can not be kept, and the dispersion effect can be reduced;
B. mohs hardness is not lower than 8;
C. the expansion coefficient measured by parallel optical axis is less than 13 multiplied by 10-6If the coefficient is too high,/° c, cracks can form after the glass is cured;
D. the thermal conductivity of the artificial gem is required to be 1.3-1.8W/(m.K), the artificial gem is heated too slowly due to too low thermal conductivity (the artificial gem is cracked due to too high heating speed), the production efficiency is also influenced, and the problem of explosion is caused when the glass is solidified due to too high thermal conductivity.
Meanwhile, the glass of the internal melting artificial gem has the following requirements during cutting: the cutting point must avoid the position of the artificial gem, because the thermodynamic coefficients of the glass and the artificial gem are different greatly, the glass and the artificial gem can be melted and solidified internally and then do not burst, and the thermodynamic balance between the glass and the artificial gem is just found, because the relatively stable thermodynamic balance is found between the natural temperature difference (-40 ℃ to 60 ℃) of the living environment of people; if the cutting does not avoid the position of the artificial gem, the section of the artificial gem is exposed, and the section of the artificial gem is slightly torn after a period of time, so the cutting is paid certain attention; when some products with relatively strict size requirement are required to be manufactured, hot hole making and hot closing processes are used, so that the artificial gemstones are prevented from being exposed, and cold machining of tools is also avoided.
The cut artificial gem has stronger reflecting capacity to light, when light is emitted into the interior through the surface of the artificial gem and then is totally reflected, the irradiated gem can twinkle to form dazzling light, and further the visual effect of the product is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention relates to a preparation method of a hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft, which is characterized in that on the basis of selecting raw materials, after melting and primary material picking, the artificial gem is distributed on a base blank according to the requirement of a product, then the artificial gem and glass liquid are organically fused together through secondary material picking, and finally the handicraft is obtained through annealing and polishing, wherein the preparation process is easy to operate, and the prepared product has good quality and is suitable for industrial production;
(2) the artificial gem handicraft prepared by the preparation method has crystal clear solute glass, the fusion effect of the artificial gem and the glass liquid in the hot-melt glass is good, the artificial gem is internally melted in the glass, the fire colors of the artificial gem are doubled, the artificial gem shines more under the light, and a plurality of artificial gems can be internally melted, so that different refractivity of different artificial gems can be utilized, different gloss is increased, and the visual effect of the handicraft is enhanced;
(3) the method can also be used for customizing the handicraft in a private way, and the used artificial gem can be even carved into a certain three-dimensional shape such as a Buddha head, an animal and the like; the pattern can be characters, a modeling diagram, a LOGO pattern and other customized graphics, and in order to ensure high manufacturing efficiency, a plurality of templates can be engraved; therefore, the method can meet the market demand, can improve the product quality, and is favorable for the sale and popularization of products.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The raw materials used in the present invention are all commercially available, and are not particularly limited herein.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem, which consists of transparent glass, wherein the artificial gem is solidified in the transparent glass, the artificial gem is distributed in the transparent glass, and the transparent glass is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 150 parts of quartz sand, 30 parts of soda ash, 10 parts of potassium carbonate, 15 parts of light calcium, 10 parts of borax, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of barium carbonate, 3 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 5 parts of potassium nitrate and 1.00 part of cerium oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the decoloring agent is 0.18 per mill of mixed cobalt, 0.04 per mill of neodymium oxide and 0.7 per mill of erbium oxide.
The preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: uniformly mixing all the raw materials to obtain mixed raw material powder; the mass ratio of the raw materials is as follows: 150 parts of quartz sand, 30 parts of soda ash, 10 parts of potassium carbonate, 15 parts of light calcium, 10 parts of borax, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of barium carbonate, 3 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 5 parts of potassium nitrate and 1.00 part of cerium oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the decoloring agent is 0.18 per mill of mixed cobalt, 0.04 per mill of neodymium oxide and 0.7 per mill of erbium oxide.
(2) Melting: putting the mixed raw material powder obtained in the step (1) into a glass kiln, and melting and clarifying at 1350 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain a molten material;
(3) selecting materials: manually picking the molten material prepared in the step (2) twice in the clarified glass liquid by using a stainless steel blowpipe, blowing the molten material into hollow balls when the picking times are more, and cooling the hollow balls until the surface temperature is 700 ℃ to prepare a bottom blank;
(4) and (3) gem layout: according to the requirements of products, the artificial gemstones with different color modeling sections are randomly and intensively scattered on the cast iron plate to obtain a stone distribution template for later use; the template is made of pig iron;
(5) heating the template: and (4) heating the stone distribution template obtained in the step (4) to 600 ℃ to obtain a high-temperature template, and if the heat control is not accurate, slowly heating to the target temperature. However, in actual production operation, the artificial gem can be directly laid on the heated template by experience, on the premise that proper wind power is matched with the template, the artificial gem is heated by utilizing the radiation heat of the template, and therefore the artificial gem is not broken due to over-speed heating;
(6) stone attachment: rolling the base blank obtained in the step (3) on the high-temperature template obtained in the step (5) in one direction to enable the surface of the base blank to be stained with the artificial gem, conducting the heat in the glass bubble to the artificial gem, then baking in a heating furnace at 900 ℃ until the temperature of the glass is the same as that of the gem, obtaining a stone-attached blank, wrapping more artificial gem by the surface softening part of the glass bubble, and better melting the artificial gem into the glass to reduce the gap between the artificial gem and the plane of the glass bubble, thereby reducing the generation of bubbles;
(7) secondary material picking: immersing the stone-attached blank prepared in the step (6) into molten glass, coating a layer of molten glass on the surface of the stone-attached blank, rolling the stone-attached blank in an iron bowl with water, cooling to 800 ℃, and shaping to a required shape to obtain a primary blank;
(8) molding: placing the primary blank obtained in the step (7) into a product mold for blow molding or manual molding to obtain a finished blank;
(9) annealing: cooling the finished blank obtained in the step (8) to room temperature at a constant speed for 3.5 hours to obtain an annealed blank;
(10) processing: and (4) cutting, grinding and polishing the annealing blank obtained in the step (9) according to a product design drawing to obtain the artificial gem handicraft.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem, which consists of light blue transparent glass, wherein the artificial gem is solidified in the transparent glass, the artificial gem is distributed in the transparent glass, and the transparent glass is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50 parts of quartz sand, 20 parts of soda ash, 1 part of potassium carbonate, 5 parts of light calcium, 1 part of borax, 1 part of zinc oxide, 1 part of barium carbonate, 1 part of aluminum hydroxide, 1 part of potassium nitrate, 0.05 part of cerium oxide, 0.5 per thousand mass percent of erbium oxide and 0.2 per thousand mass percent of cobalt oxide.
The preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: uniformly mixing all the raw materials to obtain mixed raw material powder; the mass ratio of the raw materials is as follows: 50 parts of quartz sand, 20 parts of soda ash, 1 part of potassium carbonate, 5 parts of light calcium, 1 part of borax, 1 part of zinc oxide, 1 part of barium carbonate, 1 part of aluminum hydroxide, 1 part of potassium nitrate, 0.05 part of cerium oxide, 0.5 per thousand mass percent of erbium oxide and 0.2 per thousand mass percent of cobalt oxide;
(2) melting: putting the mixed raw material powder obtained in the step (1) into a glass kiln, and melting and clarifying at 1450 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain a molten material;
(3) selecting materials: manually picking the molten material prepared in the step (2) in the clarified molten glass for one to three times by using a stainless steel blowpipe, wherein the thicker the material layer is when the material picking times are more, the material layer is made into a solid ball or blown into a hollow ball, and cooling to the surface temperature of 800 ℃ to prepare a bottom blank;
(4) and (3) gem layout: placing artificial gemstones with different color modeling sections in the pits corresponding to the template according to a certain matrix pattern according to product requirements to obtain a stone distribution template for later use; the template is made of pig iron;
(5) heating the template: and (4) heating the stone distribution template obtained in the step (4) to 700 ℃ to obtain a high-temperature template, and if the heat control is not accurate, slowly heating to the target temperature. However, in actual production operation, the artificial gem can be directly laid on the heated template by experience, on the premise that proper wind power is matched with the template, the artificial gem is heated by utilizing the radiation heat of the template, and therefore the artificial gem is not broken due to over-speed heating;
(6) stone attachment: rolling the base blank obtained in the step (3) on the high-temperature template obtained in the step (5) in one direction to enable the surface of the base blank to be stained with the artificial gem, conducting the heat in the glass bubble to the artificial gem, then baking in a hot furnace at 1000 ℃ until the temperature of the glass is the same as that of the gem, obtaining a stone-attached blank, wrapping more artificial gem by the softened part of the surface of the glass bubble, and better melting the artificial gem into the glass to reduce the gap between the artificial gem and the plane of the glass bubble, thereby reducing the generation of bubbles;
(7) secondary material picking: immersing the stone-attached blank prepared in the step (6) into molten glass, coating a layer of molten glass on the surface of the stone-attached blank, rolling the stone-attached blank in an iron bowl with water, cooling to 800 ℃, and shaping to a required shape to obtain a primary blank;
(8) molding: placing the primary blank obtained in the step (7) into a product mold for blow molding or manual molding to obtain a finished blank;
(9) annealing: cooling the finished blank obtained in the step (8) to room temperature at a constant speed for 36 hours to obtain an annealed blank;
(10) processing: and (4) cutting, grinding and polishing the annealing blank obtained in the step (9) according to a product design drawing to obtain the artificial gem handicraft.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem, which is composed of blue transparent glass, wherein the artificial gem is solidified in the transparent glass, the artificial gem is distributed in the transparent glass, and the transparent glass is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 120 parts of quartz sand, 28 parts of soda ash, 8 parts of potassium carbonate, 10 parts of light calcium, 8 parts of borax, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of barium carbonate, 2 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 3 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.85 part of cerium oxide and 3 per thousand mass percent of copper oxide.
The preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: uniformly mixing all the raw materials to obtain mixed raw material powder; the mass ratio of the raw materials is as follows: 120 parts of quartz sand, 28 parts of soda ash, 8 parts of potassium carbonate, 10 parts of light calcium, 8 parts of borax, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of barium carbonate, 2 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 3 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.85 part of cerium oxide and 3 per thousand mass percent of copper oxide;
(2) melting: putting the mixed raw material powder obtained in the step (1) into a glass kiln, and melting and clarifying at 1350 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain a molten material;
(3) selecting materials: manually picking the molten material prepared in the step (2) in the clarified molten glass for one to three times by using a stainless steel blowpipe, wherein the thicker the material layer is when the material picking times are more, the material layer is made into a solid ball or blown into a hollow ball, and cooling to the surface temperature of 700 ℃ to prepare a bottom blank;
(4) and (3) gem layout: placing artificial gemstones with different color modeling sections in the pits corresponding to the template according to a certain matrix pattern according to product requirements to obtain a stone distribution template for later use; the template is made of pig iron;
(5) heating the template: and (4) heating the stone distribution template obtained in the step (4) to 600 ℃ to obtain a high-temperature template, and if the heat control is not accurate, slowly heating to the target temperature. However, in actual production operation, the artificial gem can be directly laid on the heated template by experience, on the premise that proper wind power is matched with the template, the artificial gem is heated by utilizing the radiation heat of the template, and therefore the artificial gem is not broken due to over-speed heating;
(6) stone attachment: rolling the base blank obtained in the step (3) on the high-temperature template obtained in the step (5) in one direction to enable the surface of the base blank to be stained with the artificial gem, conducting the heat in the glass bubble to the artificial gem, then baking in a heating furnace at 900 ℃ until the temperature of the glass is the same as that of the gem, obtaining a stone-attached blank, wrapping more artificial gem by the surface softening part of the glass bubble, and better melting the artificial gem into the glass to reduce the gap between the artificial gem and the plane of the glass bubble, thereby reducing the generation of bubbles;
(7) secondary material picking: immersing the stone-attached blank prepared in the step (6) into molten glass, coating a layer of molten glass on the surface of the stone-attached blank, rolling the stone-attached blank in an iron bowl with water, cooling to 800 ℃, and shaping to a required shape to obtain a primary blank;
(8) molding: placing the primary blank obtained in the step (7) into a product mold for blow molding or manual molding to obtain a finished blank;
(9) annealing: cooling the finished blank obtained in the step (8) to room temperature at a constant speed for 10 hours to obtain an annealed blank;
(10) processing: and (4) cutting, grinding and polishing the annealing blank obtained in the step (9) according to a product design drawing to obtain the artificial gem handicraft.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem, which is composed of light violet transparent glass, wherein the artificial gem is solidified in the transparent glass, the artificial gem is distributed in the transparent glass, and the transparent glass is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80 parts of quartz sand, 22 parts of soda ash, 7 parts of potassium carbonate, 6 parts of light calcium, 3 parts of borax, 1 part of zinc oxide, 1.5 parts of barium carbonate, 1.2 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 2 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.35 part of cerium oxide and 3 mass percent of neodymium oxide.
The preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: uniformly mixing all the raw materials to obtain mixed raw material powder; the mass ratio of the raw materials is as follows: 80 parts of quartz sand, 22 parts of soda ash, 3 parts of potassium carbonate, 6 parts of light calcium, 3 parts of borax, 1 part of zinc oxide, 1.5 parts of barium carbonate, 1.2 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 2 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.35 part of cerium oxide and 3 mass percent of neodymium oxide.
(2) Melting: putting the mixed raw material powder obtained in the step (1) into a glass kiln, and melting and clarifying at 1400 ℃ for 11 hours to obtain a molten material;
(3) selecting materials: manually picking the molten material prepared in the step (2) in the clarified molten glass for one to three times by using a stainless steel blowpipe, wherein the thicker the material layer is when the material picking times are more, the material layer is made into a solid ball or blown into a hollow ball, and cooling to the surface temperature of 750 ℃ to prepare a bottom blank;
(4) and (3) gem layout: placing artificial gemstones with different color modeling sections in the pits corresponding to the template according to a certain matrix pattern according to product requirements to obtain a stone distribution template for later use; the template is made of pig iron;
(5) heating the template: and (4) heating the stone distribution template obtained in the step (4) to 650 ℃ to obtain a high-temperature template, and if the heat control is not accurate, slowly heating to the target temperature. However, in actual production operation, the artificial gem can be directly laid on the heated template by experience, on the premise that proper wind power is matched with the template, the artificial gem is heated by utilizing the radiation heat of the template, and therefore the artificial gem is not broken due to over-speed heating;
(6) stone attachment: rolling the base blank obtained in the step (3) on the high-temperature template obtained in the step (5) in one direction to enable the surface of the base blank to be stained with the artificial gem, conducting the heat in the glass bubble to the artificial gem, then baking in a heating furnace at 950 ℃ until the temperature of the glass is the same as that of the gem, obtaining a stone-attached blank, wrapping more artificial gem by the surface softening part of the glass bubble, and better melting the artificial gem into the glass to reduce the gap between the artificial gem and the plane of the glass bubble, thereby reducing the generation of bubbles;
(7) secondary material picking: immersing the stone-attached blank prepared in the step (6) into molten glass, coating a layer of molten glass on the surface of the stone-attached blank, rolling the stone-attached blank in an iron bowl with water, cooling to 800 ℃, and shaping to a required shape to obtain a primary blank;
(8) molding: placing the primary blank obtained in the step (7) into a product mold for blow molding or manual molding to obtain a finished blank;
(9) annealing: cooling the finished blank obtained in the step (8) to room temperature at a constant speed for 25 hours to obtain an annealed blank;
(10) processing: and (4) cutting, grinding and polishing the annealing blank obtained in the step (9) according to a product design drawing to obtain the artificial gem handicraft.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem, which consists of pink transparent glass, wherein the artificial gem is solidified in the transparent glass, the artificial gem is distributed in the transparent glass, and the transparent glass is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 100 parts of quartz sand, 25 parts of soda ash, 5 parts of potassium carbonate, 8 parts of light calcium, 5 parts of borax, 1.3 parts of zinc oxide, 1.8 parts of barium carbonate, 1.5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 2.5 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.45 part of cerium oxide, 3% of erbium oxide and 1.0% of selenium powder (colorant) by mass percentage.
The preparation method of the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: uniformly mixing all the raw materials to obtain mixed raw material powder; the mass ratio of the raw materials is as follows: 100 parts of quartz sand, 25 parts of soda ash, 5 parts of potassium carbonate, 8 parts of light calcium, 5 parts of borax, 1.3 parts of zinc oxide, 1.8 parts of barium carbonate, 1.5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 2.5 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.45 part of cerium oxide, 3% of erbium oxide and 1.0% of selenium powder by mass percentage.
(2) Melting: putting the mixed raw material powder obtained in the step (1) into a glass kiln, and melting and clarifying at 1400 ℃ for 11 hours to obtain a molten material;
(3) selecting materials: manually picking the molten material prepared in the step (2) in the clarified molten glass for one to three times by using a stainless steel blowpipe, wherein the thicker the material layer is when the material picking times are more, the material layer is made into a solid ball or blown into a hollow ball, and cooling to the surface temperature of 750 ℃ to prepare a bottom blank;
(4) and (3) gem layout: placing artificial gemstones with different color modeling sections in the pits corresponding to the template according to a certain matrix pattern according to product requirements to obtain a stone distribution template for later use; the template is made of pig iron;
(5) heating the template: and (4) heating the stone distribution template obtained in the step (4) to 650 ℃ to obtain a high-temperature template, and if the heat control is not accurate, slowly heating to the target temperature. However, in actual production operation, the artificial gem can be directly laid on the heated template by experience, on the premise that proper wind power is matched with the template, the artificial gem is heated by utilizing the radiation heat of the template, and therefore the artificial gem is not broken due to over-speed heating;
(6) stone attachment: rolling the base blank obtained in the step (3) on the high-temperature template obtained in the step (5) in one direction to enable the surface of the base blank to be stained with the artificial gem, conducting the heat in the glass bubble to the artificial gem, then baking in a heating furnace at 950 ℃ until the temperature of the glass is the same as that of the gem, obtaining a stone-attached blank, wrapping more artificial gem by the surface softening part of the glass bubble, and better melting the artificial gem into the glass to reduce the gap between the artificial gem and the plane of the glass bubble, thereby reducing the generation of bubbles;
(7) secondary material picking: immersing the stone-attached blank prepared in the step (6) into molten glass, coating a layer of molten glass on the surface of the stone-attached blank, rolling the stone-attached blank in an iron bowl with water, cooling to 800 ℃, and shaping to a required shape to obtain a primary blank;
(8) molding: placing the primary blank obtained in the step (7) into a product mold for blow molding or manual molding to obtain a finished product blank;
(9) annealing: cooling the glass product to room temperature at a constant speed for 20 hours to obtain an annealing blank;
(10) processing: and (4) cutting, grinding and polishing the annealing blank obtained in the step (9) according to a product design drawing to obtain the artificial gem handicraft.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft is composed of transparent glass and is characterized in that artificial gems are solidified in the transparent glass and distributed in the transparent glass, and the transparent glass is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 150 to 50 parts of quartz sand, 30 to 20 parts of sodium carbonate, 10 to 1 part of potassium carbonate, 15 to 5 parts of light calcium, 10 to 1 part of borax, 3 to 1 part of zinc oxide, 3 to 1 part of barium carbonate, 3 to 1 part of aluminum hydroxide, 5 to 1 part of potassium nitrate and 1.00 to 0.05 part of cerium oxide.
2. A preparation method of a hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: uniformly mixing all the raw materials to obtain mixed raw material powder; the mass ratio of the raw materials is as follows: 150 to 50 parts of quartz sand, 30 to 20 parts of sodium carbonate, 10 to 1 part of potassium carbonate, 15 to 5 parts of light calcium, 10 to 1 part of borax, 3 to 1 part of zinc oxide, 3 to 1 part of barium carbonate, 3 to 1 part of aluminum hydroxide, 5 to 1 part of potassium nitrate and 1.00 to 0.05 part of cerium oxide;
(2) melting: putting the mixed raw material powder obtained in the step (1) into a glass kiln, and melting and clarifying the mixed raw material powder at 1350-1450 ℃ for 10-12 hours to obtain a molten material;
(3) selecting materials: manually picking the molten material prepared in the step (2) in the clarified molten glass for one to three times by using a stainless steel blowpipe to prepare a solid ball or blow the solid ball into a hollow ball, and cooling the solid ball or blow the hollow ball to the surface temperature of 700-800 ℃ to prepare a bottom blank;
(4) and (3) gem layout: placing artificial gemstones with different color modeling sections in the pits corresponding to the template according to a certain matrix pattern according to product requirements to obtain a stone distribution template for later use;
(5) heating the template: heating the stone distribution template obtained in the step (4) to 600-700 ℃ to obtain a high-temperature template;
(6) stone attachment: rolling the base blank obtained in the step (3) on the high-temperature template obtained in the step (5) in one direction to enable the surface of the base blank to be stained with an artificial gem, and then baking the base blank in a hot furnace at 900-1000 ℃ until the temperature of glass is the same as that of the gem to obtain a stone-attached blank;
(7) secondary material picking: immersing the stone-attached blank prepared in the step (6) into molten glass, coating a layer of molten glass on the surface of the stone-attached blank, rolling the stone-attached blank in an iron bowl with water, cooling to 800 ℃, and shaping to a required shape to obtain a primary blank;
(8) molding: placing the primary blank obtained in the step (7) into a product mold for blow molding or manual molding to obtain a finished product blank;
(9) annealing: uniformly cooling the finished blank obtained in the step (8) to room temperature after 3.5-36 h to obtain an annealed blank;
(10) processing: and (4) cutting, grinding and polishing the annealing blank obtained in the step (9) according to a product design drawing to obtain the artificial gem handicraft.
3. The method for preparing the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the raw materials are in the following mass ratio: 120 to 80 portions of quartz sand, 28 to 22 portions of calcined soda, 8 to 3 portions of potassium carbonate, 10 to 6 portions of light calcium, 8 to 3 portions of borax, 2 to 1 portion of zinc oxide, 2 to 1.5 portions of barium carbonate, 2 to 1.2 portions of aluminum hydroxide, 3 to 2 portions of potassium nitrate and 0.85 to 0.35 portion of cerium oxide.
4. The method for preparing the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the raw materials are in the following mass ratio: 100 parts of quartz sand, 25 parts of soda ash, 5 parts of potassium carbonate, 8 parts of light calcium, 5 parts of borax, 1.3 parts of zinc oxide, 1.8 parts of barium carbonate, 1.5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 2.5 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.45 part of cerium oxide.
5. The method for preparing the hot-melt glass internally-fused artificial gem handicraft as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials in the step (1) further comprise 0.01-0.3 per thousand mass percent of decolorant and 0.1-3% mass percent of colorant, and the difference of the coloring strength of different metal ions is relatively large.
6. The method for preparing a hot-melt glass internally-fused artificial gem handicraft of claim 5, characterized in that the colorant is a metal oxide colorant.
7. The method for preparing a hot-melt glass internally-fused artificial gem handicraft as claimed in claim 6, wherein the non-ferrous metal oxide colorant is cobalt oxide, the decoloring agent is mixed cobalt, the mixed cobalt is a mixture of alumina and cobalt oxide, and the ratio of the addition amounts of the alumina and the cobalt oxide is 300: 1.
8. the method for preparing the hot-melt glass internally-fused artificial gem handicraft as claimed in claim 1, wherein 0.5-3% by mass of colorant material can be added to the raw materials in the step (1) to color the clear transparent glass into colored transparent glass.
9. The method for preparing the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the non-ferrous metal oxide colorant is one or a combination of erbium oxide, copper oxide, neodymium oxide and nickel oxide.
10. The method for preparing the hot-melt glass internal-melting artificial gem handicraft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the template in the step (4) is made of pig iron.
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| CN116040920A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-05-02 | 淄博兆海轻工制品有限公司 | Integrated forming manufacturing process of double-color double-glass vase |
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