CN113909489B - Grid metal composite structure and material adding method thereof - Google Patents
Grid metal composite structure and material adding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113909489B CN113909489B CN202111167020.4A CN202111167020A CN113909489B CN 113909489 B CN113909489 B CN 113909489B CN 202111167020 A CN202111167020 A CN 202111167020A CN 113909489 B CN113909489 B CN 113909489B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/55—Two or more means for feeding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a grid metal composite structure and an additive method thereof. Dividing the composite structure into grid linear boundaries and grid rectangular main bodies distributed among grid lines, comprising the following steps: and (3) a step of: loading austenitic stainless steel powder into a first powder feeding device, and loading ultra-high strength Gao Yinggang powder into a second powder feeding device; and II: opening a powder feeding device I, adding materials to grid linear boundaries, adding materials to grid X-axis direction channels firstly, and adding materials to grid Y-axis direction channels; thirdly,: opening a powder feeding device II, and adding ultra-high-strength high-hardness steel at the grid rectangular main body position; fourth, the method comprises the following steps: and (3) sequentially repeating the second step and the third step until the preset height is over, and increasing the height of the grid rectangular main body to be level with the grid linear boundary when repeating the third step for the last time. When the grid metal structure is subjected to external impact, cracks deflect, extend and diverge, so that stress is effectively dispersed, stress concentration is avoided, and the comprehensive properties such as plasticity and toughness are improved compared with a single alloy material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a grid metal composite structure and an additive method thereof.
Background
The additive manufacturing technology is based on the discrete-stacking principle, melts the metal material layer by layer through a given heat source, deposits and grows, and directly forms a high-performance structural member by a three-dimensional model in a near-net manner, thereby being an important direction for advanced manufacturing and development of the structural member in the future. Compared with arc material increase, the laser melting deposition has high forming precision, good surface quality of a formed part and high forming speed, and can form a large-sized component.
The austenitic stainless steel contains about 18% of Cr, 8% -10% of Ni and about 0.1% of C, has stable austenitic structure, is nonmagnetic, has good plasticity and toughness, and is an ideal object of 'soft material'. The steel with the yield strength exceeding 1350MPa is generally considered to be high alloy ultrahigh-strength steel, and the ultrahigh-strength high-hardness steel is mainly characterized by high strength and enough toughness, and simultaneously has high hardness and excellent comprehensive performance, thus being an ideal object of hard materials.
The invention patent with publication number of CN20201108288. X discloses a layered composite material with heterogeneous grid structure and a double-wire arc additive manufacturing method thereof, wherein the material is formed by a plurality of layers of materials with the same shape, equal volume and along the transverse direction
The hard material subunits and the soft material subunits which are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction are used for manufacturing the structure by adopting an electric arc double wire feeding method, the junction of the hard proton units and the soft material subunits is poor in molding, the precision is low, and even the hard proton units and the soft material subunits become weak points of the structural performance, so that the expected performance of the structure is difficult to achieve. And soft materials and hard materials are alternately arranged, when a certain hard unit of the structure is subjected to larger deformation, only a few soft units beside the structure are used for buffering, and the structure does not have higher overall comprehensive performance. Meanwhile, the proportion of the hard material to the soft material is 1:1, the property of the hard material is greatly lost when the proportion of the soft material is too large.
The metal-based composite structure material is a novel material obtained by utilizing a composite technology to realize firm metallurgical bonding between two or more metals with different physical, chemical and mechanical properties, and the metal-based composite structure integrates the advantages of each group member, and has the synergistic and enhanced special effect, so that the metal-based composite structure material has excellent comprehensive properties which are incomparable with single group members. The austenitic stainless steel has good plastic toughness, the ultra-high strength Gao Yinggang has excellent toughness, the grid metal structure of the ultra-high strength and high hardness steel can reduce the fatal weakness of sudden fracture of high strength and low toughness members due to poor toughness by increasing crack deflection, reduce the influence of original crack defects of the material on mechanical properties, weaken defect sensitivity, integrate strong, tough, hard and plastic materials, and greatly improve the comprehensive performance of the composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a grid metal composite structure and an additive process method thereof, which overcome the problems of the existing grid structure additive forming process, and have the advantages of considerable precision, forming quality and good comprehensive performance.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an additive method of a grid metal composite structure, which divides the composite structure into grid linear boundaries and grid rectangular main bodies distributed among grid lines, comprises the following steps:
step one: loading austenitic stainless steel powder into a first powder feeding device, and loading ultra-high strength Gao Yinggang powder into a second powder feeding device;
step two: opening the first powder feeding device, closing the second powder feeding device, adding material to the linear boundary of the grid, adding material to the X-axis direction channel of the grid, and adding material to the Y-axis direction channel of the grid;
step three: closing the first powder feeding device, opening the second powder feeding device, adding ultra-high-strength high-hardness steel at the grid rectangular main body position, and stopping the material at a height 3-4 mm lower than the grid linear boundary;
step four: and (3) sequentially repeating the second step and the third step until the preset height is over, and increasing the height of the grid rectangular main body to be level with the grid linear boundary when repeating the third step for the last time.
Further, in the step two, when the grid linear boundary is added, the melting width of each track of each layer is W1, the lap joint amount of each track is (1/3-1/2) W1, and the number of the added material tracks forming each grid linear boundary is the same.
Further, when the X direction orthogonally passes through the Y direction or the Y direction orthogonally passes through the X direction, the powder feeding speed is controlled to be 0, and the powder feeding speed is recovered after passing through.
Further, when the rectangular main body of the ultra-high-strength hard grid is subjected to material addition, the material is added along the X axis or Y axis all the time, when the ultra-high-strength hard metal of the material addition is contacted with the linear boundary of the austenitic stainless steel grid, the powder feeding speed is controlled to be 0, and the original powder feeding speed is recovered after passing; the cycle is performed until the addition is finished at the bottom of the last grid.
Further, when the rectangular main body of the ultra-high-strength hard steel grid is added, the melting width of each track of each layer is W2, and the lap joint amount of each track is (1/3-1/2) W2.
Further, the grid linear boundary is ultra-high strength and high hardness steel with the width of 6-8 mm and the grid rectangular main body is 6n mm multiplied by 6mm multiplied by 8n mm multiplied by 8mm, namely the length and the width of the grid rectangular main body are n times and m times of the width of the grid linear boundary respectively.
The grid metal composite structure is prepared by the method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) The invention uses double powder feeding laser melting deposition equipment to respectively feed the ultra-high-strength high-hardness steel and the austenitic stainless steel into two powder feeding devices, and realizes the ultra-high-strength high-hardness steel grid metal structure and the process method thereof by alternately controlling the powder feeding speed. The ultra-high-strength high-hardness steel grid metal structure is characterized in that grid linear boundaries are served by 'soft material' austenitic stainless steel, and grid rectangular main bodies are served by 'hard material' ultra-high-strength Gao Yinggang; when the ultra-high strength high hardness steel grid metal structure is subjected to external impact, cracks deflect, extend and diverge, so that stress is effectively dispersed, stress concentration is avoided, and comprehensive properties such as plasticity and toughness are improved compared with a single alloy material.
(2) The invention greatly simplifies the process flow, greatly improves the precision and the forming quality of the material-adding piece and has quite high working efficiency through the double-powder-feeding laser material-adding process.
(3) The process steps provided by the invention can realize macro-scale manufacturing of the composite base material grid structure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a grid structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a grid structure of the present invention; (a) one level (b) two levels.
Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a stainless steel powder additive continuous grid line boundary powder feeding.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of a stainless steel powder additive discontinuous grid line boundary powder feeding.
Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of powder feeding of a rectangular main body of an ultra-high strength high hardness steel powder additive discontinuous grid.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of weld bead overlap for each layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-6, an additive process method for an ultra-high strength high hardness steel grid metal structure comprises the following steps:
step one: the designed ultra-high-strength high-hardness steel grid metal structure comprises a grid linear boundary and a grid rectangular main body, wherein the grid linear boundary is made of 316L austenitic stainless steel with the width of 6mm, and the grid rectangular main body is made of maraging steel with the width of 18mm multiplied by 18mm, as shown in figure 1.
Step two: the double powder feeding laser cladding equipment is selected to realize the additive process method, and the process parameters of the additive materials of the 316L stainless steel and the maraging steel are respectively tested.
Step three: the austenitic stainless steel powder is loaded into a first powder feeding device, and the maraging steel powder is loaded into a second powder feeding device.
Step four: opening the first powder feeding device, closing the second powder feeding device, planning a path, adding the linear boundary of the grid, adding the material of the vertical grid channel, and adding the material of the horizontal grid channel again for stainless steel.
Step five: when the grid linear boundaries are added, in order to ensure that each layer is kept horizontal after multiple overlapping, the melting width of each layer is W1, the overlapping amount of each layer is W1/2, and the number of channels forming each grid linear boundary is the same, as shown in FIG. 6.
Step six: when the wire-shaped boundary of the austenitic stainless steel grid is added, the industrial collection and data control clamping plates are used for controlling the powder feeding speed, when the wire added after each layer orthogonally passes through the wire added first, the powder feeding speed is controlled to be 0, and the powder feeding speed is recovered after passing through.
Step seven: when the reinforced ultra-high-strength hard grid rectangular main body is subjected to material increase, the industrial collection and data control clamping plates are used for controlling the powder feeding speed to increase materials in the vertical direction, when the reinforced ultra-high-strength hard metal contacts the austenitic stainless steel grid linear boundary, the powder feeding speed is controlled to be 0, and the powder feeding speed is recovered after the powder feeding speed is recovered. The cycle is performed until the addition is finished at the bottom of the last grid.
Step eight: when the material is added into the ultra-high-strength hard grid rectangular main body, in order to ensure that each layer is kept horizontal after a plurality of overlapping, the melting width of each layer is W2, and the overlapping amount of each layer is W2/2, as shown in FIG. 6.
Step nine: and closing the powder feeding device I, opening the powder feeding device II, and adding the ultra-high-strength high-hardness steel into the grid rectangular main body according to the selected technological parameters of the ultra-high-strength high-hardness steel, wherein the height of the ultra-high-strength high-hardness steel is 3-4 mm lower than the grid linear boundary, and stopping the operation, as shown in figure 2.
Step ten: and (3) sequentially repeating the fourth step to the ninth step until the expected height is over, and increasing the height of the grid rectangular main body to be level with the grid linear boundary when repeating the ninth step for the last time.
Claims (7)
1. An additive method of a grid metal composite structure, which is characterized in that the composite structure is divided into grid linear boundaries and grid rectangular main bodies distributed among grid lines, and comprises the following steps:
step one: loading austenitic stainless steel powder into a first powder feeding device, and loading maraging steel powder into a second powder feeding device;
step two: opening the first powder feeding device, closing the second powder feeding device, adding material to the linear boundary of the grid, adding material to the X-axis direction channel of the grid, and adding material to the Y-axis direction channel of the grid;
step three: closing the first powder feeding device, opening the second powder feeding device, adding maraging steel at the grid rectangular main body position, and stopping the material at a height 3-4 mm lower than the grid linear boundary;
step four: and (3) sequentially repeating the second step and the third step until the preset height is over, and increasing the height of the grid rectangular main body to be level with the grid linear boundary when repeating the third step for the last time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step two, when the grid line boundaries are added, the melting width of each track of each layer is W1, the overlap amount of each track is (1/3-1/2) W1, and the number of the added material tracks forming each grid line boundary is the same.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the powder feed rate is controlled to be 0 when the X direction passes through the Y direction orthogonally or when the Y direction passes through the X direction orthogonally at the linear boundary of the austenitic stainless steel mesh, and the powder feed rate is restored after passing.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the powder feeding speed is controlled to be 0 when the maraging steel is in contact with the austenitic stainless steel grid linear boundary, and the powder feeding speed is recovered after passing through the maraging steel grid rectangular body, wherein the material is always added along the X-axis or Y-axis direction; the cycle is performed until the addition is finished at the bottom of the last grid.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein each pass of each layer has a width W2 and each pass has a lap joint of (1/3-1/2) W2 when the rectangular body of maraging steel mesh is added.
6. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the grid line boundaries are maraging steel with a width of 6-8 mm and the grid rectangular body is 6n mm x 6m mm-8 n mm x 8m mm, i.e. the length and width of the grid rectangular body are n, m times the width of the grid line boundaries, respectively.
7. A lattice metal composite structure produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN113909489B true CN113909489B (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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| CN111069603A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-04-28 | 南昌航空大学 | Additive manufacturing method of selective melting forming fiber reinforced composite material |
| CN112276294A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-29 | 天津大学 | Heterogeneous grid structure layered composite material and double-wire electric arc additive manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113369642A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-09-10 | 南京理工大学 | Iron-based tungsten carbide and stainless steel heterogeneous additive structure and manufacturing method |
| CN113386343A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-14 | 吉林大学 | Material increase manufacturing method of lightweight rigid-flexible coupling heterostructure |
| CN113441702A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-28 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Double-alloy penetration structure with strong wear-resisting property and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2019191149A1 (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Medical implants and other articles of manufacture based on trabecular bone lattices |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108339979A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-31 | 昆明理工大学 | A method of solid netted space structure composite material is prepared by 3D printing |
| CN111069603A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-04-28 | 南昌航空大学 | Additive manufacturing method of selective melting forming fiber reinforced composite material |
| CN112276294A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-29 | 天津大学 | Heterogeneous grid structure layered composite material and double-wire electric arc additive manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113369642A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-09-10 | 南京理工大学 | Iron-based tungsten carbide and stainless steel heterogeneous additive structure and manufacturing method |
| CN113441702A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-28 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Double-alloy penetration structure with strong wear-resisting property and preparation method thereof |
| CN113386343A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-14 | 吉林大学 | Material increase manufacturing method of lightweight rigid-flexible coupling heterostructure |
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