CN108115133A - A kind of hook and its manufacturing method with novel wear resistant layer structure - Google Patents
A kind of hook and its manufacturing method with novel wear resistant layer structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108115133A CN108115133A CN201611097878.7A CN201611097878A CN108115133A CN 108115133 A CN108115133 A CN 108115133A CN 201611097878 A CN201611097878 A CN 201611097878A CN 108115133 A CN108115133 A CN 108115133A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/52—Hoppers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of reactors or parts thereof
- G21C21/18—Manufacture of control elements covered by group G21C7/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
- G21C7/06—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
- G21C7/08—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section by displacement of solid control elements, e.g. control rods
- G21C7/12—Means for moving control elements to desired position
- G21C7/14—Mechanical drive arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of nuclear power station control rod drive mechanism hook and its manufacturing method with novel wear resistant layer structure.The hook structure is：The wearing layer shape of pin hole is square；The faying face of briar tooth and matrix is plane.The present invention uses laser 3D printing technology, and manufacturing step is as follows：S1：Establish blank three-dimensional digital-to-analogue；S2：Laser deposition fabrication scheme is formulated, and logarithmic mode carries out section and laser beam scan path planning；S3：Set Fabrication parameter and basketry control program；S4：Complete preparation before manufacturing；S5：Laser deposition manufacture is carried out according to the program of setting；S6：Hook blank from substrate cut is separated, is then heat-treated；S7：Hook blank after heat treatment is machined out and obtains hook finished product.Hook produced by the present invention has mechanical property more better than oxygen-acetylene repairing hook, and the fully automated control of production process influences from operating personnel, suitable for mass production, can substitute oxygen-acetylene repairing hook completely.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser gain material manufacturing fields, are related to new for one kind of nuclear power station control rod drive mechanism hook
Structure and manufacturing method.
Background technology
Control rod drive mechanism is uniquely to move equipment on the key equipment and reaction reator body of nuclear power plant reactor.
Hook component is one of most crucial, most critical part in control rod drive mechanism.The startup of reactor, power regulation, power
It keeps, the feature operations such as normal shutdown and breakdown, exactly by two groups of hooks according to the pendulum that sequential moves into showing mode
Completing drive rod drives the promotion of reactor core control rod, underthrust to act to realize.
The development of nuclear power technology is proposed the security, reliability and economy of reactor system and equipment higher
It is required that.As vulnerable part, the characteristics such as the wear-resistant of hook, heat resistance, corrosion-resistant directly determine entire control rod drive mechanism
Service life.Overlaying-type hook is not easy to collapse tooth, fracture and fragmentation due to its superior impact resistance, corrosion resistance, amount containing cobalt it is low and
Better wearability and be widely adopted.But since it carries out the operation difficulty height of oxy-acetylene manual build up welding, technique in aperture
Stability is poor, low production efficiency, product qualification rate are low, and the product of domestic relevant unit does not have practical engineering application value.It is domestic
This kind of hook almost all that nuclear power engineering uses uses import.Overlaying-type hook, connecting rod become in control rod drive mechanism only
One is not carried out the domestic part of mass.
Laser gain material is produced by three-dimensional structure destructing carrying out stacking manufacture for recycling high energy laser beam after two dimension
Technology.There is unique advantage for the processing and manufacturing of complex component, refractory material.The present invention is just to provide a kind of with new
The hook of wear-resisting layer structure and its laser deposition manufacturing method.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of nuclear power station control rod drive mechanism hooks and its laser with novel wear resistant layer structure
Deposition process method.
Nuclear power station control rod drive mechanism hook novel wear resistant layer structure proposed by the present invention, it is characterized in that：Pin hole is wear-resisting
Layer shape is square；Pin hole wearing layer is zigzag with matrix faying face；The faying face of briar tooth and matrix is zigzag.
The laser deposition system of nuclear power station control rod drive mechanism hook proposed by the present invention with novel wear resistant layer structure
Method is made, is included the following steps：
S1：Establish hook blank three-dimensional digital model；
S2：Hook laser deposition fabrication scheme is formulated, and logarithmic mode carries out section and laser beam scan path planning；
S3：Set laser deposition Fabrication parameter and basketry control program；
S4：Complete preparation before laser deposition manufactures；
S5：Laser deposition manufacture is carried out according to the program of setting；
S6：By hook blank from substrate cut separation so, it is heat-treated after；
S7：Hook blank after heat treatment is machined out, obtains hook finished product.
The hook jaw pin porose area wearing layer square length of side of the present invention, not less than 10.5mm, is not more than not less than the length of side
19.0mm。
Hook laser deposition manufacturing method S2 steps of the present invention, it is characterised in that：
S2-1：Hook blank is used to be given birth to plane where briar tooth face centre normal and its axis in horizontal lateral flat manner
It is long；
S2-2：Hook blank digital-to-analogue is cut into slices；
S2-3：Subregion is carried out to section, and plans the laser beam scan path of each subregion；
S2-4：Work out the section of hook blank and laser deposition fabrication schedule file.
Laser deposition manufacture hook blank S3 steps setting laser deposition Fabrication parameter of the present invention, it is characterised in that：
Laser spot diameter be φ 2mm ~ φ 6mm, laser power be 1kw ~ 5Kw, laser scanning speed 3mm/s ~ 30mm/s, laser scanning
Overlapping rate is 30% ~ 50%, and slice thickness is 0.5mm ~ 2.0mm.
Laser deposition of the present invention manufactures hook blank S4 steps, it is characterised in that：
S4-1：To base material degreasing, surface polishing scale removal, then cleaning, drying；
S4-2：Base material is placed on the workbench in the laser deposition molding storehouse of argon atmospher protection and fixed, adjustment powder feeder
To the distance of substrate surface, and set the beginning and end of laser scanning；
S4-3：Laser deposition manufacture hook blank raw material powder is packed into powder feeder；
S4-4：Carry out the reasonability of laser deposition fabrication schedule prerun, detection device operation accuracy and program operation；
The heat treatment of laser deposition manufacture hook blank S6 steps of the present invention, it is characterised in that：Heat treatment temperature is 800 DEG C
~ 1075 DEG C, the type of cooling is furnace cooling.
The machining of S7 steps of the present invention, it is characterised in that：
S7-1：Reference plane is processed --- and the depositional plane top surface and bottom cut surface of Milling Machining hook blank become processing datum；
S7-2：Pin hole axle center positions --- the wear-resisting district center position of pin hole square under reference plane is positioned as pin hole axle center, then
According to size requirement pin hole axle center is positioned in the wear-resisting area of upper pin hole square；
S7-3：Punching --- using the axle center set as machining center, hole milling is carried out in wearing layer area；
S7-4：Then the numerical programming processing program on the basis of upper and lower pin hole axle center, completes the machining of hook.
S2-3 digital-to-analogues section of the present invention, it is characterised in that：At least it is divided into four scannings point in pin hole layer slice plane
Area --- matrix area, lower pin hole wear-resistant material area and upper wear-resistant material area of pin hole portion；Wear-resistant material area is with the hook pin bore axis heart
Centered on square；The square length of side width is between 10.5mm ~ 19mm；The wear-resistant material area face of adjacent two layers section
Of different sizes, the sideline offset 2mm ~ 4mm of product, makes wear-resistant material area form Sawtooth connection with matrix.
S2-4 laser beam scan paths planning of the present invention, it is characterised in that：The laser scanning of same section different zones
Path can be mutually mutually perpendicular to, and can also be mutually parallel；The laser beam scan path of adjacent two layers can be identical, can also be in one
Determine angle, such as 90 °.
The base material of S4-1 steps of the present invention, it is characterised in that：Base material is stainless steel, such as 12Cr17Mn6Ni5N,
12Cr18Ni9, Y12Cr18Ni9, Y12Cr18Ni9Cu3,06Cr19Ni10,00Cr18Ni9N.
S4-3 laser depositions of the present invention manufacture hook blank raw material powder, it is characterised in that：Hook matrix former material
Nitrogen this body stainless steel difficult to understand is controlled for 00Cr18Ni9N in feed powder end；Wearing layer raw material powder is 6 cobalt-base alloys of Stellite.
S4-3 powder feeders of the present invention, it is characterised in that：Powder feeder at least gather around there are two sealing powder feeding storehouse.
00Cr18Ni9N controls nitrogen this body powder of stainless steel difficult to understand of the present invention, it is characterised in that：The manufacture of the material powder
Method is rotary electrode method or gas atomization.
6 Co-based alloy powders of Stellite of the present invention, it is characterised in that：The manufacturing method of the material powder is rotation
Turn electrode method or gas atomization.
Hook provided by the invention is tiny with crystal grain, and mechanical property is good, wearing layer hardness uniform, controllable, and residual stress is small
Etc. advantages.Laser deposition manufacturing method provided by the invention is different from traditional-handwork oxygen-acetylene repairing technique dependence operator,
Production process Automatic Control, laser deposition manufacture system is totally-enclosed, from external environment and operating personnel's technical merit and work
Make the influence of state, production yield rate is high, has product mass production advantage.
Description of the drawings
Drawings and examples can be with the present invention is further described, and attached drawing is as follows：
Fig. 1 oxygen-acetylene repairing hook structure diagrams；
Pin hole wearing layer structure diagram under Fig. 2 oxygen-acetylene repairing hooks；
Fig. 3 oxygen-acetylene repairing hook briar tooths and matrix faying face schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 laser depositions manufacture hook structure diagram；
Pin hole wearing layer structure diagram under Fig. 5 laser depositions manufacture hook；
Fig. 6 laser depositions manufacture hook briar tooth and matrix faying face schematic diagram；
The zigzag faying face of Fig. 7 wear-resistant materials and matrix；
Fig. 8 laser depositions manufacture hook blahk structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 laser depositions manufacture hook blank pin hole layer section schematic diagram；
Figure 10 laser depositions manufacture hook blank pin hole layer section laser beam scan path planning chart；
6 heat treatment hardnesses of Figure 11 laser deposition Stellite-temperature curve；
Figure 12 laser deposition control nitrogen austenitic stainless steels heat treatment hardness-temperature curve；
Figure 13 laser depositions manufacture hook blank machining pin hole axle center positioning schematic diagram.
Number explanation：1 --- oxygen-acetylene repairing hook matrix, 2 --- pin hole and its wearing layer under oxygen-acetylene repairing hook,
3 --- pin hole and its wearing layer on oxygen-acetylene repairing hook, 4 --- oxygen-acetylene repairing hook briar tooth wearing layer；5 --- laser sinks
Product hook matrix, 6 --- pin hole and its wearing layer under laser deposition hook, 7 --- pin hole and its wear-resisting on laser deposition hook
Layer, 8 --- laser deposition hook briar tooth wearing layer；9 --- pin hole axle center under laser deposition manufacture hook blank, 10 --- laser
Pin hole axle center on deposit manufacture hook blank.
Specific embodiment
The manufacturing method of oxygen-acetylene repairing hook is：It is machined to using 00Cr18Ni9N control nitrogen austenitic stainless steel forging sticks
Hook matrix 1, the pin hole processing on matrix；Pin hole 2 is wherein descended to be processed into the symmetric pyramid hole with certain inclination angle, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show；Briar tooth facing cut processes groove surface, as shown in Figure 3；Then oxy-acetylene heap is carried out with 6 cobalt-base alloy welding wires of Stellite again
Pin hole wearing layer 2 and 3 is welded, in briar tooth surface build-up welding briar tooth 4；Then blank is made annealing treatment, finally carries out finished product machining.
One of difficult point of the technique is the built-up welding of wearing layer in pin hole.The pin hole of hook is a kind of Small-deep Hole, main in the hole
Built-up welding is carried out by manual operations.Although 6 cobalt-base alloys of Stellite has good wearability, but a kind of remnants should
Power sensitive material, the faying face of wearing layer and matrix control nitrogen austenitic stainless steel are easily cracked due to the presence of residual stress；And
During manual build up welding, the technical merit and working condition of operating personnel can influence the carburizing amount of wearing layer, cause abrasion hardness exceeded
And it is unevenly distributed；Therefore the technique is stronger to the dependence of operating personnel, and technology stability is very poor.
Laser gain material manufacturing technology is that three-dimensional structure is decomposed into 2-d plane graph, recycles laser digitizing processing system
Powder rapid melting is shaped X-Y scheme structure by system, and a kind of brand-new manufacturing process of successively accumulation manufacture product, laser sinks
Product manufacturing technology is one kind in laser gain material manufacturing technology.The step of present invention is using laser deposition manufacturing technology manufacture hook
Including：
A, hook blank three-dimensional digital model is established；
B, hook laser deposition fabrication scheme is formulated, and logarithmic mode carries out section and laser beam scan path planning；
C, laser deposition Fabrication parameter, establishment laser deposition manufacturing process control program are set；
D, preparation before laser deposition manufactures is completed；
E, laser deposition manufacture is carried out according to process file；
Hook blank from substrate is cut to separation, be then heat-treated f,；
G, roughing is carried out to the hook blank after heat treatment and is carried out non-destructive testing；
H, the hook blank of non-destructive testing qualification is finished, manufactures finished product hook；
I, size and appearance test are carried out to finished product hook.
The concrete mode of each step is introduced with example below：
A, hook blank mathematical model is established
According to hook finished product mathematical model, hook machining blank mathematical model is designed first；It is special further according to laser deposition technique
Internal soundness of seeking peace testing requirements, each machined surface all increase allowance, so as to obtain laser deposition manufacture hook blank
Numerical model；
Hook finished product pin hole is a diameter of in the present inventionφ9.493mm, the square shaped pin hole wearing layer length of side are naturally larger than pin hole diameter,
Less than the width 19mm of hook side.The wear-resisting area of the present invention is respectively adopted the length of side 10.5mm, 14mm and 19mm and has carried out design system
It makes.
B, hook laser deposition fabrication scheme is formulated, and logarithmic mode carries out section and laser beam scan path planning
According to the Three-dimension Numerical Model structure of blank and laser deposition manufacturing technical feature, the forming arrangements of blank are designed.According to
The characteristics of hook blank is L-shaped, the present invention are laterally kept flat using briar tooth face centre normal with plane where its axis in horizontal,
Along the forming arrangements of arrow meaning vertical direction successively accumulated growth, as shown in Figure 8；
When being cut into slices according to the program, hook slice plane inner structure will be identical, as shown in Figure 9.Each section is divided into
Four regions：Matrix 5, lower pin hole wear-resistant material area 6, upper pin hole wear-resistant material area 7 and briar tooth area 8.Adjacent two layers are cut into slices resistance to
It is different to grind material sections size, offset 2mm ~ 4mm in sideline makes wear-resistant material area form Sawtooth connection with matrix, such as
Shown in Fig. 7.Matrix area is control nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, and excess-three area is 6 cobalt-base alloys of Stellite；Lower pin hole is wear-resisting
Material sections 7 and upper pin hole wear-resistant material area 6 are positive way, and the square length of side is in 10.5mm ~ 19mm, the present invention, respectively
Using 10.5mm, 14mm and 19mm.
Laser beam scan path planning is carried out to section.In order to reduce and cut down cumulative stress, adjacent two layers are generally required
Laser beam scan path wants angled and staggers.In the present invention, the laser beam scan path of adjacent two layers section is vertical in 90 °；
When carrying out laser beam scan path planning, in addition to the laser beam scan path of adjacent two layers section is angled, with all
The laser beam scan path in adjacent twoth area is also angled in piece.It is in 90 °, as shown in Figure 10, Figure 10 that the present invention, which is,（a）With
Figure 10（b）It is the laser beam scan path planning of two neighboring section；It needs to set sweep span at this time, i.e. laser scanning overlaps
Rate, between overlapping rate of the present invention is 30% ~ 50%.
C, set laser deposition Fabrication parameter and work out laser deposition manufacturing process control program
The 00Cr18Ni9N that optimization is obtained by system experimentation controls swashing for 6 cobalt-base alloys of nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and Stellite
Light deposition fabrication process parameters.Present invention optimizes three kinds of laser technical parameters are as shown in table 1：
1 hook laser deposition fabrication process parameters table of table
According to technological parameter and section scan path, establishment laser deposition manufacturing process control program.
D, preparation before laser deposition manufactures is completed
Preparation before laser deposition manufacture is divided into four aspects：The first step, base material prepare；Second step, workbench prepare；
3rd step, raw material prepare；It is finally program prerun；
It is that base material prepares first.What it is due to laser deposition is control nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, and preferred base material is exactly to control nitrogen austenitic not
Become rusty steel board.In view of cost, can be replaced with other stainless steels, such as 12Cr17Mn6Ni5N（201 trades mark）, 12Cr18Mn9Ni5N
（202 trades mark）, 12Cr18Ni9（302 trades mark）, Y12Cr18Ni9（303 trades mark）, 06Cr19Ni10（304 trades mark）Deng.The present invention
Using 06Cr19Ni10 cut deals, thickness 30mm；
Base material is cleaned into degreasing and rust removal, in drying oven inner heating drying, 150 DEG C of drying temperature keeps the temperature 60min.Then to base material
Flash removed, the bright descaling of surface polishing are gone in corner angle polishing；
Second step, workbench prepare.The base material dried and polished is placed on the workbench in laser deposition molding storehouse
And fixed with fixture, argon gas is full of in the shaping storehouse.Adjust laser deposition molding coaxial powder feeding device to substrate surface distance, really
Substrate deposition surface is protected in the range of laser spot.The beginning and end that setting powder feeder scans on base material, limits scanning range.
Finally confirm shaping storehouse in oxygen content, only less than 50ppm when could start laser deposition manufacture；
3rd step, raw material prepare.Raw materials of the present invention for 00Cr18Ni9N control nitrogen austenitic stainless steel powder and
6 Co-based alloy powders of Stellite.00Cr18Ni9N is controlled nitrogen austenitic stainless steel powder and is prepared using rotation electrode technique, changes
It studies and point meets RCC-M standards, granularity is the mesh of -60 mesh ~ 200.6 Co-based alloy powders of Stellite are prepared for gas atomization
Built-up welding powder, chemical composition meets AWS A5.21 standards, the mesh of -100 mesh of powder size ~ 320；
Powder is fitted into the powder feeder of laser deposition digital control system, which at least has there are two powder feeding storehouse, can realize
Laser deposition manufactures while at least two dusty materials.Powder feeder used in the present invention is carrier gas type powder feeder, and protective gas is
High-purity argon gas is gathered around there are three powder feeding storehouse, laser deposition while can realizing three kinds of dusty materials.
4th step, program prerun.After above-mentioned preparation is completed, under conditions of laser is not opened, operation process
The program of control examines numerical control program, lathe, the accuracy of protection gas and powder feeder etc. each equipment operation, integrality and reliable
Property, it is ensured that hook manufacturing process it is stably and controllable.If it find that problem, revision program or equipment, then carry out pre- again immediately
Operation, until confirming without any exception.
E, laser deposition manufacture is carried out according to the program file of setting
The present invention has carried out the laser deposition of hook blank according to the process control procedure that the laser technical parameters of table 1 are worked out respectively
Manufacture.In laser deposition manufacturing process, pay attention to observing forming quality, note abnormalities and want instant adjusting process, it is ensured that laser deposition
Process is smoothed out.
Hook blank from substrate is cut to separation, be then heat-treated f,
For laser deposition manufacturing technology due to being the fusing of high energy beam transient prediction and unstable state solidification forming, residual stress is larger,
It must carry out stress relief annealing.
Nitrogen austenitic stainless steel is controlled to laser deposition 00Cr18Ni9N and Stellite 6 carries out heat treatment experiment, obtains two
Temperature-hardness curve of person, as is illustrated by figs. 11 and 12, Figure 11 are 6 hardness of laser deposition Stellite-temperature curve, are schemed
12 control nitrogen austenitic stainless steel hardness-temperature curve for laser deposition 00Cr18Ni9N.According to hardness-temperature curve, the present invention
It is preferable to determine hook blank heat treatment temperature be 800 DEG C ~ 1075 DEG C.According to the temperature of selection, kept the temperature respectively
30min, 45min, 60min, 75min and 90min are compared.
00Cr18Ni9N control nitrogen austenitic stainless steels after Overheating Treatment and 6 cobalt-base alloys of Stellite are drawn
Performance test is stretched, test result is as shown in table 2：
Laser deposition 00Cr18Ni9N controls 6 cobalt-base alloys mechanical property of nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and Stellite after table 2 is heat-treated
Energy
As can be seen that 6 cobalt-base alloys of Stellite of laser deposition manufacture and 00Cr18Ni9N control nitrogen austenitic stainless steels, nothing
After being laser deposition state or being heat-treated, comprehensive mechanical property is all higher than RCC-M standards；
According to above-mentioned Tensile Test Results, currently preferred hook heat treatment process is：Heat treatment temperature：800℃~1075
DEG C, soaking time 45min ~ 75min, the type of cooling is with stove Slow cooling.
G, roughing is carried out to the hook blank after heat treatment and is carried out non-destructive testing
The hook blank for completing heat treatment is machined out, obtains smooth bright and clean surface, surface roughness≤1.6 μm.So
Water logging ultrasonic wave C-scan inspections are carried out to it afterwards, confirm blank internal soundness.In briar tooth area 12, lower pin hole area 14 and upper pin hole
Area 15 tests the Rockwell hardness of 6 wearing layers of Stellite, and each area's test is no less than 3 points.It is trizonal in the present invention
6 Rockwell hardness of Stellite is identical, is HRC43 ± 2.
H, the hook blank of non-destructive testing qualification is machined out, obtains hook finished product
To qualified hook blank is examined to finish.Processing two sides of hook first becomes processing datum, processing
When be necessary to ensure that two sides are vertical with wearing layer faying face, then 6 regions 6 of reference plane lower part Stellite position under
Then pin hole axle center 9 is basic point with axle center 9, the pin hole axle center 10 in the positioning of 6 regions 7 of Stellite on top, theoretically axis
The heart 10 should also be the center of 7 square of region, but have deviation in practice, as shown in figure 13.Numerical programming processing program, point
Not on the basis of axle center 9 and axle center 10, punching and finished product machining are completed.
I, size and appearance test are carried out to hook
Dimension control is carried out to hook finished product using high precision three-dimensional coordinates measurement instrument.The thick of each machined surface is tested using extra coarse degree instrument
Rugosity.Using osmosis finished product hook is examined to whether there is crackle.Sight check hook appearance is complete under high-brightness environment
Property.During visual detection, hook surface is not allow for any pit, cracking, crackle, incomplete fusion and slag inclusion.Liquid penetrating inspection
When, do not allow have any linear display in wear-resisting area and interface（It is a length of 3 times wide）；It is not allow for being more than 1.5mm circles
It has been shown that, if the minimum thickness required after final machining is less than 1.5mm, the maximum allowable size of circle display is the thickness；
Allow to show there are one Liquid Penetrant.
The hook manufactured by above-mentioned steps can fully meet the requirement of nuclear power station control rod drive mechanism hook.It is logical
Ultrasonic NDT and penetrating inspection are crossed, does not find any excessive defect, wearing layer hardness HRC43 ± 2, meeting product technology will
It asks, and than oxygen-acetylene repairing hook wearing layer hardness evenly.The hook of this method manufacture, laser deposition 00Cr18Ni9N control nitrogen
Austenite stainless steel matrix with than oxygen-acetylene repairing hook matrix with better comprehensive mechanical property.Production process of the present invention
Fully automated control, manufacturing process and quality influence from operating personnel, suitable for mass production, can substitute oxy-acetylene heap completely
Weld hook.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of nuclear power station control rod drive mechanism hook manufactured using laser gain material manufacturing technology, it is characterised in that：Pin hole
Wearing layer shape to be square；Pin hole wearing layer is zigzag with matrix faying face；The faying face of briar tooth and matrix is zigzag.
2. the laser gain material manufacturer of the nuclear power station control rod drive mechanism hook of novel wear resistant layer structure described in claim 1
Method includes the following steps：
S1：Establish hook blank three-dimensional digital model；
S2：Hook laser gain material fabrication scheme is formulated, and logarithmic mode carries out section and laser beam scan path planning；
S3：Set laser gain material Fabrication parameter and basketry control program；
S4：Complete preparation before laser gain material manufactures；
S5：Laser gain material manufacture is carried out according to the program of setting；
S6：Hook blank from substrate cut is separated, is then heat-treated；
S7：Hook blank after heat treatment is machined out, obtains hook finished product.
3. square hook jaw pin porose area wearing layer described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The length of side is not less than 10.5mm, is not more than
19.0mm。
4. hook laser gain material manufacturing method S2 steps described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：
S2-1：Hook blank is grown with plane where briar tooth face center method and its axis in horizontal lateral flat manner；
S2-2：Hook blank digital-to-analogue is cut into slices；
S2-3：Subregion is carried out to section, and plans the laser beam scan path of each subregion；
S2-4：Work out the section of hook blank and laser gain material fabrication schedule file.
5. laser gain material manufacture hook blank S3 steps setting laser gain material Fabrication parameter described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Laser spot diameter be φ 2mm ~ φ 6mm, laser power be 1kw ~ 5Kw, laser scanning speed 3mm/s ~ 30mm/s, laser scanning
Overlapping rate is 30% ~ 50%, and slice thickness is 0.5mm ~ 2.0mm.
6. laser gain material described in claim 2 manufactures hook blank S4 steps, it is characterised in that：
S4-1：To base material degreasing, surface polishing scale removal, then cleaning, drying；
S4-2：Base material is placed on the workbench in the laser deposition molding storehouse of argon atmospher protection and fixed, adjustment powder feeder
To the distance of substrate surface, and set the beginning and end of laser scanning；
S4-3：Laser gain material manufacture hook blank raw material powder is packed into powder feeder；
S4-4：Carry out the reasonability of laser gain material fabrication schedule prerun, detection device operation accuracy and program operation.
7. the heat treatment of laser gain material manufacture hook blank S6 steps described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Heat treatment temperature is situated between
Between 800 DEG C ~ 1075 DEG C, soaking time 45min ~ 75min, the type of cooling is furnace cooling.
8. the machining of S7 steps described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：
S7-1：Reference plane is processed --- and the depositional plane top surface and bottom cut surface of Milling Machining hook blank become processing datum；
S7-2：Pin hole axle center positions --- the wear-resisting district center position of pin hole square under reference plane is positioned as pin hole axle center, then
According to size requirement pin hole axle center is positioned in the wear-resisting area of upper pin hole square；
S7-3：Punching --- using the axle center set as machining center, hole milling is carried out in wearing layer area；
S7-4：Then the numerical programming processing program on the basis of upper and lower pin hole axle center, completes the machining of hook.
9. S2-3 digital-to-analogues described in claim 4 are cut into slices, it is characterised in that：At least it is divided into four scannings point in pin hole layer slice plane
Area --- matrix area, lower pin hole wearing layer area, upper pin hole wearing layer area and briar tooth area；Wear-resistant material area is with the hook pin bore axis heart
Centered on square；The square length of side width is between 10.5mm ~ 19mm；The wear-resistant material area face of adjacent two layers section
Of different sizes, the sideline offset 2mm ~ 4mm of product, makes wear-resistant material area form Sawtooth connection with matrix.
10. S2-4 laser beam scan paths described in claim 4 are planned, it is characterised in that：The laser of same section different zones is swept
Retouching path can mutually be mutually perpendicular to, and can also be mutually parallel；The laser beam scan path of adjacent two layers section can be identical, also may be used
With at an angle, such as 90 °.
11. the base material of S4-1 steps described in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Base material is stainless steel, such as 12Cr17Mn6Ni5N,
12Cr18Ni9, Y12Cr18Ni9, Y12Cr18Ni9Cu3,06Cr19Ni10,00Cr18Ni9N.
12. S4-3 laser gain materials described in claim 6 manufacture hook blank raw material powder, it is characterised in that：Raw matrix materials
Powder controls nitrogen this body stainless steel difficult to understand for 00Cr18Ni9-N；Wearing layer raw material powder is 6 cobalt-base alloys of Stellite.
13. the powder feeder of S4-3 steps described in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Powder device at least gather around there are two sealing powder feeding storehouse.
14. 00Cr18Ni9-N described in claim 13 controls nitrogen this body powder of stainless steel difficult to understand, it is characterised in that：The material powder
Manufacturing method is rotary electrode method or gas atomization.
15. 6 Co-based alloy powders of Stellite described in claim 13, it is characterised in that：The manufacturing method of the material powder is
Rotary electrode method or gas atomization.
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| CN201611097878.7A CN108115133A (en) | 2016-12-03 | 2016-12-03 | A kind of hook and its manufacturing method with novel wear resistant layer structure |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110756800A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-02-07 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Additive manufacturing method |
| CN111299576A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-06-19 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院 | Multi-component material laser additive manufacturing method for precision component |
| WO2021121139A1 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | 李文娟 | Plate and method for producing claws on a control rod drive mechanism |
-
2016
- 2016-12-03 CN CN201611097878.7A patent/CN108115133A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110756800A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-02-07 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Additive manufacturing method |
| CN110756800B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2022-02-01 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Additive manufacturing method |
| WO2021121139A1 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | 李文娟 | Plate and method for producing claws on a control rod drive mechanism |
| CN111299576A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-06-19 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院 | Multi-component material laser additive manufacturing method for precision component |
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Application publication date: 20180605 |