CN113908294B - 一种含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法和应用，该制备方法包括以下步骤：(1)用二氯甲烷洗脱花椰菜提取物，取二氯甲烷洗脱液进行浓缩，再进行分离，得花椰菜精制提取物；花椰菜精制提取物中萝卜硫素的含量大于50％；(2)将所得花椰菜精制提取物加入羟丙基‑β‑环糊精饱和水溶液中，搅拌均匀后，过滤得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液；(3)将卵磷脂和胆固醇的胶体溶液浓缩成薄膜，再加入所得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液后，经搅拌震荡，得白色带乳光的胶体溶液；(4)将步骤(3)所得胶体溶液冻干成粉，即得。该双包合物利用了糊精包合物和脂质体的协同优势，提高了花椰菜精制提取物的稳定性，扩大了其应用范围。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种双包合物，具体涉及一种含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法和应用。
背景技术
根据世界卫生组织报告，癌症是全球发病和死亡的主要原因，给社会和人类带来了严重的伤害。在对抗癌症的过程中，人们追求天然无毒害的成分。花椰菜是一种广受欢迎的蔬菜，富含萝卜硫素，萝卜硫素具有很强的抗氧化能力和很强的抗癌活性，是目前公认的具有防癌、抗癌和美容效果的天然产物之一，是迄今为止蔬菜中发现的抗癌效果最好的植物活性物质。日本营养学家福家洋子教授等通过试验证明了萝卜硫素能治疗癌症；英国科学家发现萝卜硫素将有助于提高人体对癌细胞的抵抗能力，降低患癌症的危险；美国约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的Brassica Chemooprotection实验室发现萝卜硫素可激活人体自身的抗癌物质“Phase Two Enzymes”；日本金泽大学的大田嗣人发现萝卜硫素具有抑制肥胖的作用；日本千叶大学社会精神保健教育中心于2016年8月宣布萝卜硫素具有预防抑郁症和抑郁症复发的功效；瑞典哥德堡大学研究发现萝卜硫素具有降血糖的功效，其成果发表在2017年6月的国际顶级刊物《科学·转化医学》上。
萝卜硫素为油状液体，一般存放于零下四十摄氏度，化学性质很不稳定，极易降解，尤其是在水中极易降解。难于保存和制成制剂，严重阻碍了萝卜硫素及花椰菜提取物的规模化生产和应用。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术，本发明提供一种含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法和应用，以解决萝卜硫素难于保存和制剂，无法规模化生产和应用的问题。
为了达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：提供一种含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)用二氯甲烷洗脱花椰菜提取物，取二氯甲烷洗脱液进行浓缩，将所得浓缩物进行分离，得花椰菜精制提取物；花椰菜精制提取物中萝卜硫素的含量大于50％；
(2)将所得花椰菜精制提取物加入羟丙基-β-环糊精饱和水溶液中，搅拌均匀后，过滤得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液；
(3)将卵磷脂和胆固醇的胶体溶液浓缩成薄膜，再加入所得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液后，经搅拌震荡，得白色带乳光的胶体溶液；
(4)将步骤(3)所得胶体溶液冻干成粉，即得。
为了提高花椰菜提取物中功效成分的稳定性，可以采用精制技术提高花椰菜提取物中萝卜硫素的含量，然后采用环糊精包合技术或脂质体包合技术，可以提高功效成分的稳定性。虽然环糊精包合的萝卜硫素在水溶液中的稳定性可以提高到2～3个月，但依然难以满足商业需求。为了进一步提高花椰菜提取物的稳定性和使用范围，采用了脂质体包合工艺，脂质体包合的花椰菜提取物也能大幅提高功效成分萝卜硫素的稳定性，但稳定性依然难以达到要求，尤其在富含水的产品中稳定性仍难超过6个月。
脂质体是由一种排列有序的脂质双分子层组成的球形囊状物，具有类似生物膜的结构，脂质体是双分子层结构的封闭囊泡结构，外层亲水，内腔亲水。脂质体具有良好的生物相容性和靶向性。但是，传统脂质体作为载体也存在一些不足，如脂溶性成分萝卜硫素被包封于脂质双分子层中，而脂质双分子层同时受到萝卜硫素分子的干扰，影响了脂质体的稳定性和药脂比，从而影响其应用。
花椰菜精制提取物通过环糊精包合后，花椰菜精制提取物中的功效成分萝卜硫素进入环糊精的亲油的内腔，包合物的外层是亲水的，然后这个包合物再进入具有更大空腔的脂质体的内部，形成花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物(功效成分萝卜硫素被环糊精包合形成萝卜硫素的包合物，该包合物直径约10埃，环糊精再被脂质体包合(脂质体的内腔直径约为1000埃))。花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物在提高花椰菜精制提取物中活性成分的稳定性方面表现出环糊精包合物和脂质体的协同优势。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下改进。
进一步，羟丙基-β-环糊精饱和水溶液由以下步骤制得：将羟丙基-β-环糊精加入水中配成浓度为0.040～0.041mol/L的溶液，然后加热至40～50℃，再搅拌15-25分钟即得。
进一步，步骤(2)中搅拌为转速50～70r/min下搅拌20～40min；步骤(2)中过滤为用0.40～0.50μm的微孔滤膜过滤。
进一步，花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液中萝卜硫素与羟丙基-β-环糊精的摩尔比为1:1～2。
进一步，步骤(2)中花椰菜精制提取物中萝卜硫素与羟丙基-β-环糊精的摩尔比为1:1～2。
进一步，步骤(3)中卵磷脂和胆固醇的胶体溶液由以下步骤制得：将大豆卵磷脂和胆固醇按2～4:1～2的质量比共溶于乙醚中，即得。
进一步，步骤(3)所得胶体溶液中萝卜硫素与大豆卵磷脂和胆固醇的重量比为1：4～30：2～15；步骤(3)中浓缩为25～35℃下旋转蒸发；步骤(3)中搅拌为转速50～70r/min下搅拌20～40min；震荡为超声震荡20～40min。
进一步，胶体溶液中萝卜硫素与大豆卵磷脂和胆固醇的重量比为1:8:4。
本发明还提供了采用上述制备方法制备的双包合物在制备预防和/或治疗癌症的药物中的应用。
本发明的有益效果是：
将花椰菜提取物进行精制，使其功效成分即脂溶性的萝卜硫素进入环糊精的亲脂性内腔，形成包合物，该包合物直径约10埃，且该包合物外层是亲水的，然后该包合物进入由大豆卵磷脂与胆固醇形成的脂质体的亲水性内腔，且脂质体的内腔直径约为1000埃，可以容纳较多分子的环糊精包合物，这样就形成了花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物。该双包合物利用了糊精包合物和脂质体的协同优势，提高了花椰菜精制提取物的稳定性，尤其是提高了花椰菜精制提取物在富含水的条件下的稳定性，扩大了花椰菜提取物的应用范围。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。
实施例1
一种含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物，该双包合物经过以下步骤制得：
1、羟丙基-β-环糊精饱和水溶液制备：称取11.92克(0.0105摩尔)的羟丙基-β-环糊精，溶于260mL水中，加热到45℃，搅拌20分钟，制成羟丙基-β-环糊精的饱和水溶液。
2、卵磷脂和胆固醇的胶体溶液制备：称取14.2克大豆卵磷脂和7.1克胆固醇溶解在乙醚中，形成饱和溶液。
3、含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备：
(1)将花椰菜提取物10公斤装入柱中，用二氯甲烷洗脱花椰菜提取物，取二氯甲烷洗脱液进行浓缩，将所得油状浓缩物通过中压制备柱过柱分离浓缩后，得油状的花椰菜精制提取物；所得花椰菜精制提取物中萝卜硫素的含量为60％；
(2)称取花椰菜精制提取物，将其滴加到羟丙基-β-环糊精的饱和水溶液中，在转速60r/min下搅拌30分钟，然后过0.45μm的微孔滤膜得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液；所得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液中萝卜硫素与羟丙基-β-环糊精的摩尔比为1:1；
(3)将卵磷脂和胆固醇的胶体溶液在30℃下于旋转蒸发器中浓缩形成薄膜，再加入所得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液后，在转速60r/min下搅拌30分钟，再超声震荡30分钟，得白色带乳光的胶体溶液；所得胶体溶液中萝卜硫素与大豆卵磷脂和胆固醇的重量比为1:8:4；
(4)将步骤(3)所得胶体溶液冻干成粉，即得。
实施例2
一种含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物，该双包合物经过以下步骤制得：
1、羟丙基-β-环糊精饱和水溶液制备：称取12.10克(0.0107摩尔)的羟丙基-β-环糊精，溶于260mL水中，加热到40℃，搅拌25分钟，制成羟丙基-β-环糊精的饱和水溶液。
2、卵磷脂和胆固醇的胶体溶液制备：称取17.04克大豆卵磷脂和4.26克胆固醇溶解在乙醚中，形成饱和溶液。
3、含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备：
(1)将花椰菜提取物10公斤装入柱中，用二氯甲烷洗脱花椰菜提取物，取二氯甲烷洗脱液进行浓缩，将所得油状浓缩物通过中压制备柱过柱分离，取目标成分进行浓缩后，得油状的花椰菜精制提取物；所得花椰菜精制提取物中萝卜硫素的含量为70％；
(2)称取花椰菜精制提取物0.69克直接滴加到羟丙基-β-环糊精的饱和水溶液中，在转速50r/min下搅拌40分钟，然后过0.4μm的微孔滤膜得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液；所得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液中萝卜硫素与羟丙基-β-环糊精的摩尔比为1:5；
(3)将卵磷脂和胆固醇的胶体溶液在25℃下于旋转蒸发器中浓缩形成薄膜，再加入所得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液后，在转速50r/min下搅拌40分钟，再超声震荡20分钟，得白色带乳光的胶体溶液；所得胶体溶液中萝卜硫素与大豆卵磷脂和胆固醇的重量比为1:4:2；
(4)将步骤(3)所得胶体溶液冻干成粉，即得。
实施例3
一种含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物，该双包合物经过以下步骤制得：
1、羟丙基-β-环糊精饱和水溶液制备：称取12.00克(0.0106摩尔)的羟丙基-β-环糊精，溶于260mL水中，加热到50℃，搅拌15分钟，制成羟丙基-β-环糊精的饱和水溶液。
2、卵磷脂和胆固醇的胶体溶液制备：称取15.97克大豆卵磷脂和5.33克胆固醇溶解在乙醚中，形成饱和溶液。
3、含精制提取物的双包合物的制备：
(1)将花椰菜提取物10公斤装入柱中，用二氯甲烷洗脱花椰菜提取物，取二氯甲烷洗脱液进行浓缩，将所得油状浓缩物通过中压制备柱过柱分离浓缩后，得油状的花椰菜精制提取物；所得花椰菜精制提取物中萝卜硫素的含量为80％；
(2)称取花椰菜精制提取物1.73克直接滴加到羟丙基-β-环糊精的饱和水溶液中，在转速50r/min下搅拌40分钟，然后过0.5μm的微孔滤膜得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液；所得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液中萝卜硫素与羟丙基-β-环糊精的摩尔比为1:10；
(3)将卵磷脂和胆固醇的胶体溶液在35℃下于旋转蒸发器中浓缩形成薄膜，再加入所得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液后，在转速70r/min下搅拌20分钟，再超声震荡40分钟，得白色带乳光的胶体溶液；所得胶体溶液中萝卜硫素与大豆卵磷脂和胆固醇的重量比为1:30:15；
(4)将步骤(3)所得胶体溶液冻干成粉，即得。
下面对实施例所得含萝卜硫素的花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的稳定性进行测试。
热稳定性测试：取实施例中的花椰菜精制提取物双包合物粉末在烘箱中90℃加热，定时取出，测定双包合物中功效成分萝卜硫素的含量，计算功效成分萝卜硫素保留率。
表1花椰菜精制提取物双包合物的热稳定性比较
富水环境下的稳定性测试：取实施例中的花椰菜精制提取物双包合物粉末混匀于雪花膏中，室温存放，定时测定花椰菜精制提取物双包合物中功效成分萝卜硫素的含量，计算萝卜硫素保留率。
表2花椰菜精制提取物双包合物在富水环境下的稳定性比较
从测试结果可见，本发明制备的花椰菜精制提取物双包合物相比于花椰菜精制提取物和羟丙基-β-环糊精包合的萝卜硫素，热稳定性和富水环境下的稳定性显著提高。
虽然结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式进行了详细地描述，但不应理解为对本专利的保护范围的限定。在权利要求书所描述的范围内，本领域技术人员不经创造性劳动即可作出的各种修改和变形仍属本专利的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)用二氯甲烷洗脱花椰菜提取物，取二氯甲烷洗脱液进行浓缩，将所得浓缩物通过中压制备柱过柱分离浓缩后，得花椰菜精制提取物；所述花椰菜精制提取物中萝卜硫素的含量大于50％；
(2)将所得花椰菜精制提取物加入羟丙基-β-环糊精饱和水溶液中，搅拌均匀后，过滤得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液；所述过滤为用0.40～0.50μm的微孔滤膜过滤；所述花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液中萝卜硫素与羟丙基-β-环糊精的摩尔比为1:0.6～10；
(3)将卵磷脂和胆固醇的胶体溶液浓缩成薄膜，再加入所得花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液后，经搅拌震荡，得白色带乳光的胶体溶液；所得胶体溶液中萝卜硫素与大豆卵磷脂和胆固醇的重量比为1：4～30：2～15；所述卵磷脂和胆固醇的胶体溶液由以下步骤制得：将大豆卵磷脂和胆固醇按2～4:1～2的质量比共溶于乙醚中，即得；
(4)将步骤(3)所得胶体溶液冻干成粉，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述羟丙基-β-环糊精饱和水溶液由以下步骤制得：将羟丙基-β-环糊精加入水中配成浓度为0.040～0.041mol/L的溶液，然后加热至40～50℃，再搅拌15-25分钟即得。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)中所述搅拌为转速50～70r/min下搅拌20～40min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述花椰菜精制提取物的环糊精溶液中萝卜硫素与羟丙基-β-环糊精的摩尔比为1:1～2。
5.根据权利要求1所述的含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)中所述浓缩为25～35℃下旋转蒸发；步骤(3)中所述搅拌为转速50～70r/min下搅拌20～40min；所述震荡为超声震荡20～40min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的含花椰菜精制提取物的双包合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述胶体溶液中萝卜硫素与大豆卵磷脂和胆固醇的重量比为1:8:4。
7.采用权利要求1～6任一项所述的制备方法制备的双包合物在制备预防和/或治疗癌症的药物中的应用。
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| 萝卜硫素制备及检测技术研究进展;罗容珍;杜怀明;张利;易学文;罗小林;;广州化工(第23期);11-13 * |
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